Battery monomer, battery device, power utilization device and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery monomer, a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage device, the battery monomer comprises a shell, an electrode assembly, an electrolyte and a first magnetic field generation mechanism, and the electrode assembly is accommodated in the shell; the electrolyte is contained in the shell and comprises a magnetorheological material; the first magnetic field generating mechanism is arranged on the shell and is used for generating a magnetic field; the first magnetic field generating mechanism is configured to adjust the intensity of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery monomers; according to the embodiment of the invention, the single battery can quickly reach the protection cut-off voltage during overcharging, so that the risk of thermal failure in the single battery is reduced, and the reliability of the single battery is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, battery device, power consumption device, and energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the battery industry, the application of batteries in electric vehicles, electric bicycles, power tools, and other fields has become a trend. Cylindrical batteries are favored due to their advantages such as good packability and high stability, and are gradually being used in various complex scenarios.

[0003] Improving battery reliability is an important research direction in the battery field. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery cell, a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device, which can improve the reliability of the battery cell.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell, including a casing, an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a first magnetic field generating mechanism. The electrode assembly is housed within the casing; the electrolyte is housed within the casing and includes a magnetorheological material; the first magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed within the casing and used to generate a magnetic field, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism is configured to adjust the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell.

[0006] In the above scheme, when a battery cell is overcharged, the expansion of the battery cell increases rapidly. At this time, the first magnetic field generating mechanism can increase the strength of the magnetic field it generates. Under the action of this magnetic field, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases and the fluidity decreases. The electrolyte can be in a semi-solid or plastic state, which helps to intensify the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell. The charging voltage of the battery cell with intensified polarization can rise rapidly and reach the protection cutoff voltage, thereby reducing the risk of thermal failure in the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a first magnetic field generating mechanism is electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism is insulated from the housing; the first magnetic field generating mechanism includes a pressure-sensitive coil.

[0008] In the above scheme, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is electrically connected to the positive and negative tabs respectively, so that the battery cell supplies power to the first magnetic field generating mechanism to generate a magnetic field. Compared with using an external power source to power the first magnetic field generating mechanism, the embodiments of this application can reduce the risk of failure of the first magnetic field generating mechanism, improve the reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism, and also help to simplify the structural design of the battery cell. Furthermore, the first magnetic field generating mechanism includes a varistor coil, which can automatically adjust the strength of the magnetic field it generates according to the expansion force of the battery cell during the expansion process. On the one hand, this helps to improve the speed at which the first magnetic field generating mechanism adjusts the magnetic field strength when the battery cell is overcharged, and improves the timeliness of the magnetic field strength adjustment. On the other hand, compared with adjusting the magnetic field strength by using external devices such as controllers, the embodiments of this application can reduce the interference of external factors, improve the reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism in adjusting the magnetic field strength, and further reduce the risk of thermal failure of the battery cell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is located on at least one side of the electrode assembly along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly.

[0010] In the above scheme, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed on at least one side of the electrode assembly along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly, that is, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is located on the large surface of the battery cell, which helps to improve the ability of the pressure-sensitive coil to sense the expansion force of the battery cell, and further improves the timeliness and reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism in adjusting the magnetic field strength.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is located inside the housing.

[0012] In the above scheme, placing the first magnetic field generating mechanism inside the outer casing helps to shorten the distance between the first magnetic field generating mechanism and the electrolyte, thereby improving the effect of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism on the electrolyte.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is located outside the housing.

[0014] In the above scheme, placing the first magnetic field generating mechanism outside the outer casing helps reduce the assembly difficulty of the first magnetic field generating mechanism and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell.

[0015] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes an insulating layer that covers at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism.

[0016] In the above solution, by covering at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism with an insulating layer, the risk of the first magnetic field generating mechanism becoming conductive with other surrounding structures can be reduced, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism.

[0017] In some embodiments, a first receiving groove is formed on the housing, and at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed in the first receiving groove.

[0018] In the above solution, a first receiving groove is provided on the outer shell, and at least a part of the first magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed in the first receiving groove, which can reduce the risk of interference between the first magnetic field generating mechanism and other surrounding structures.

[0019] In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism is bonded to the housing.

[0020] In the above scheme, an adhesive can be provided between the first magnetic field generating mechanism and the outer shell. Using the adhesive to bond the first magnetic field generating mechanism and the outer shell helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the first magnetic field generating mechanism.

[0021] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological material includes magnetic particles, which include one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

[0022] In the above scheme, by including magnetic particles in the magnetorheological material and reasonably setting the material of the magnetic particles, it is helpful to improve the performance of the magnetorheological material.

[0023] In some embodiments, the magnetic particle includes a core and a shell, with the shell covering the core. The core includes one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

[0024] In the above scheme, by setting the magnetic particles to include a core and a shell covering the core, the suspension stability of the magnetic particles during the magnetorheological polishing process can be improved.

[0025] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery device comprising any of the above-mentioned battery cells.

[0026] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a battery device, including a battery cell and a second magnetic field generating mechanism. The battery cell includes an electrolyte, which includes a magnetorheological material. The second magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed on the battery cell and used to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism is configured to change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell.

[0027] In the above scheme, the electrolyte includes magnetorheological materials, and a second magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed in the battery cell and used to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism can change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell. When the battery cell is overcharged, the expansion of the battery cell increases rapidly. At this time, the second magnetic field generating mechanism can increase the strength of the magnetic field it generates. Under the action of this magnetic field, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases and the fluidity decreases. The electrolyte can be in a semi-solid or plastic state, which helps to intensify the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell. The charging voltage of the battery cell with intensified polarization can rise rapidly and reach the protection cutoff voltage, thereby reducing the risk of thermal failure in the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0028] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a controller and a backup power supply. The controller is electrically connected to the backup power supply, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply, respectively. The controller is used to control the backup power supply to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism according to the expansion of the battery cells.

[0029] In the above scheme, by setting the controller to be electrically connected to the backup power supply, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism to be electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply respectively, the magnetic field generation time and magnetic field strength of the second magnetic field generating mechanism can be flexibly controlled by the controller and the backup power supply.

[0030] In some embodiments, the second magnetic field generating mechanism includes a coil.

[0031] In the above scheme, the second magnetic field generating mechanism includes a coil, which can quickly generate a magnetic field acting on the electrolyte by reacting rapidly when energized.

[0032] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a force sensor disposed in a battery cell and electrically connected to a controller, the force sensor being used to detect expansion forces within the battery cell.

[0033] In the above scheme, by setting a force sensor in the battery cell and electrically connecting the force sensor to the controller, the controller can control the backup power supply to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism based on the detection result of the expansion force of the battery cell by the force sensor. This helps to improve the reliability of the magnetic field strength adjustment generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism, thereby further reducing the risk of thermal failure of the battery cell.

[0034] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a heat insulation pad disposed between two adjacent battery cells, the heat insulation pad having a second receiving groove, at least a portion of the second magnetic field generating mechanism being located within the second receiving groove.

[0035] In the above solution, by opening a second receiving groove in the heat insulation pad to house at least a portion of the second magnetic field generating mechanism, it helps to reduce the risk of interference between the second magnetic field generating mechanism and other surrounding structures, and also helps to improve the energy density of the battery device.

[0036] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including any of the battery devices described above.

[0037] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, including any of the battery devices described above.

[0038] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 2 Exploded views of batteries provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell in which the first magnetic field generating mechanism does not generate a magnetic field, according to some embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell after the first magnetic field generating mechanism generates a magnetic field, provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a side view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 8This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 9 This is yet another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 10 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in other embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a side view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 13 This is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of this application.

[0053] The attached icons are numbered as follows:

[0054] Vehicle 1000; Battery unit 100; Control mechanism 200; Motor 300;

[0055] Box 10; First part 101; Second part 102; Battery cell 20; Outer shell 21; First receiving slot 211; Electrode assembly 22; Tab 221; Electrolyte 23; Magnetic particles 231; First magnetic field generating mechanism 24; Pressure-sensitive coil 241; Electrode terminal 25; Insulating layer 26; Second magnetic field generating mechanism 30; Coil 31; Controller 40; Backup power supply 50; Force sensor 60; Heat insulation pad 70; Second receiving slot 71. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of this application by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application, that is, this application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0057] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not vertical in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but within the allowable tolerance range.

[0058] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0059] The directional terms used in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. It should also be noted in the description of this application that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell can be a secondary battery cell, which refers to a battery cell that can be used again after being discharged by recharging to activate the active materials.

[0061] The battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, a sodium-lithium-ion battery cell, a lithium metal battery cell, a sodium metal battery cell, a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a magnesium-ion battery cell, a nickel-metal hydride battery cell, a nickel-cadmium battery cell, a lead-acid battery cell, etc., but the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0062] A single battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode and a negative electrode. During the charging and discharging process of a single battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) repeatedly insert and extract between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0063] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0064] As an example, the positive current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive current collector.

[0065] In some embodiments, the negative electrode may be a negative electrode sheet, and the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector.

[0066] As an example, the negative electrode sheet may include a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

[0067] As an example, the negative electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite each other in its own thickness direction, and the negative electrode active material is disposed on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the negative electrode current collector.

[0068] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly further includes an isolator disposed between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0069] The electrode assembly can be a wound structure, a stacked structure, or a hybrid structure of wound and stacked.

[0070] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a wound structure. The positive and negative electrode sheets are wound into a wound structure.

[0071] In some implementations, the electrode assembly is a stacked structure.

[0072] As an example, multiple positive and negative electrodes can be set, and multiple positive and multiple negative electrodes can be stacked alternately.

[0073] As an example, multiple positive electrode plates can be provided, and negative electrode plates can be folded to form multiple stacked folded segments, with a positive electrode plate sandwiched between adjacent folded segments.

[0074] As an example, both the positive and negative electrode plates are folded to form multiple stacked folded segments.

[0075] As an example, multiple separators can be provided, each positioned between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0076] As an example, the separators can be continuously arranged, either by folding or rolling between any adjacent positive or negative electrode plates.

[0077] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal, etc.

[0078] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is provided with tabs that allow current to be drawn from the electrode assembly. The tabs include a positive tab and a negative tab.

[0079] In some embodiments, the battery cell may include a casing. The casing may be a steel casing, an aluminum casing, a plastic casing (such as a polypropylene casing), a composite metal casing (such as a copper-aluminum composite casing), or an aluminum-plastic film, etc. In some embodiments, the casing may be a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. As an example, when the casing is a non-sealed structure, the casing serves to protect the electrode assembly, and a sealing bag is included between the casing and the electrode assembly to encapsulate the electrode assembly and electrolyte. Specifically, the sealing bag may be a bag-shaped insulating component or an aluminum-plastic film. When the casing is a sealed structure, it is used to encapsulate components such as the electrode assembly and electrolyte.

[0080] As an example, a battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a prismatic battery cell, a pouch battery cell, or a battery cell of other shapes. Prismatic battery cells include prismatic battery cells, blade-shaped battery cells, and multi-prismatic batteries, such as hexagonal prismatic batteries.

[0081] In some embodiments, the housing includes an end cap and a housing, the housing having an opening, and the end cap covering the opening. The housing may have one or more openings. The end cap may also have one or more.

[0082] In some embodiments, at least one electrode terminal is provided on the housing, and the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the tab. The electrode terminal can be directly connected to the tab, or it can be indirectly connected to the tab through a current collector. The electrode terminal can be provided on the end cap or on the housing.

[0083] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The electrolyte may include an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

[0084] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt may be selected from at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium difluorophosphate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, lithium dioxalate borate, lithium difluorodioxalate phosphate, and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate.

[0085] In some embodiments, the solvent may be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butyl carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone. The solvent may also be an ether solvent. Ether solvents may include one or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ethers.

[0086] In some embodiments, the electrolyte may optionally include additives. For example, additives may include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and additives that can improve certain properties of the battery cell, such as additives that improve the overcharge / fast charge performance of the battery cell, additives that improve the high-temperature performance of the battery cell, and additives that improve the low-temperature performance of the battery cell.

[0087] The battery device mentioned in the embodiments of this application may include one or more battery cell assemblies for providing voltage and capacity. A battery cell assembly may include multiple battery cells, which are connected in series, parallel, or mixed connections via a busbar.

[0088] In some embodiments, a battery cell assembly is typically formed by arranging multiple battery cells.

[0089] As an example, a battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which is formed by arranging and fixing multiple battery cells together to form an independent module. As another example, a battery module can be formed by bundling multiple battery cells together with cable ties.

[0090] In some embodiments, the battery device may be a battery pack, which includes a housing and one or more individual battery cell assemblies housed within the housing.

[0091] As an example, the battery cell assembly can be a battery module, which can be housed in a housing by fixing the battery module in the housing.

[0092] As an example, battery cell assemblies can also be housed in a housing by directly fixing multiple battery cells to the housing.

[0093] As an example, the enclosure may include a top cover, a frame, and a bottom plate. The top cover and bottom plate are connected to the frame, creating an enclosed space inside the enclosure to house the individual battery cells.

[0094] In some embodiments, the housing may be part of the vehicle's chassis structure. For example, a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's floor, or a portion of the housing may be at least a part of the vehicle's crossbeams and longitudinal beams.

[0095] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to various electrical devices that use individual battery cells, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric toys, power tools, vehicles, ships, and spacecraft. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft.

[0096] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used more and more widely, for example in mobile phones, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy cars, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, and power tools.

[0097] During the charging process of a battery cell, the positive electrode undergoes an oxidation reaction and releases ions, while the negative electrode absorbs the ions released from the positive electrode and undergoes a reduction reaction. When a battery cell is overcharged, excessive ions are released from the positive electrode, leading to a violent oxidation reaction between the positive electrode and the electrolyte, separator, etc. Simultaneously, the excessively released ions migrate to the negative electrode, forming numerous lithium dendrites on its surface, and also causing a violent reduction reaction between the negative electrode and the electrolyte. Both of these violent oxidation and reduction reactions release a large amount of heat. Combined with the Joule heat generated by the battery cell itself during charging, this heat causes a dramatic increase in the internal temperature of the battery cell, easily leading to thermal failure and affecting its reliability.

[0098] Based on the above considerations, this application provides a battery cell including a casing, an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a first magnetic field generating mechanism. The electrode assembly is housed within the casing; the electrolyte, comprising a magnetorheological material, is also housed within the casing; the first magnetic field generating mechanism is disposed within the casing and used to generate a magnetic field, configured to adjust the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell. When the battery cell is overcharged, the expansion of the battery cell increases rapidly. At this time, the first magnetic field generating mechanism can increase the strength of the generated magnetic field. Under the action of this magnetic field, the viscosity of the electrolyte increases, the fluidity decreases, and the electrolyte may be in a semi-solid or plastic state, thereby helping to intensify the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell. The charging voltage of the battery cell with intensified polarization can rise rapidly and reach the protection cutoff voltage, thereby reducing the risk of thermal failure within the battery cell and improving the reliability of the battery cell.

[0099] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a control mechanism 200 and a motor 300. The control mechanism 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 101 and a second portion 102, which overlap each other, and together define a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 102 may be a hollow structure open at one end, and the first portion 101 may be a plate-like structure, with the first portion 101 covering the open side of the second portion 102 so that the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 together define the receiving cavity; the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 may also be hollow structures both open on one side, with the open side of the first portion 101 covering the open side of the second portion 102. Either the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 may include a base plate, and at least one of the first portion 101 and the second portion 102 may include a frame. Of course, the battery box formed by the first part 101 and the second part 102 can be of various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.

[0103] Figure 3 for Figure 2The diagram shows the structure of a single battery cell assembly. In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof. A combination thereof means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel configurations. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof to form a whole, which is then housed within the housing 10.

[0104] Each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery cell or a primary battery cell; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery cell, a sodium-ion battery cell, or a magnesium-ion battery cell, but is not limited to these. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0105] Please see Figures 4-6 In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a battery cell 20, including a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, an electrolyte 23, and a first magnetic field generating mechanism 24. The electrode assembly 22 is housed within the housing 21; the electrolyte 23 is housed within the housing 21 and includes a magnetorheological material; the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed on the housing 21 and used to generate a magnetic field, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is configured to adjust the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell 20.

[0106] Electrolyte 23 includes magnetorheological materials, which are materials whose viscosity can be changed under the influence of a magnetic field. When not subjected to a magnetic field, magnetorheological materials can exhibit low viscosity and high fluidity. When subjected to a magnetic field, the viscosity of the magnetorheological material increases and its fluidity decreases.

[0107] The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed on the outer casing 21, and can be located inside or outside the outer casing 21. There are various ways to connect the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 to the outer casing 21; for example, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be glued to the outer casing 21, or it can be snapped into place. The structure of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is also varied; for example, it may include a coil 31, or it may include other magnetic conductor structures capable of generating a magnetic field. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be electrically connected to the battery cell 20 to generate a magnetic field, or it can be electrically connected to an external power source to generate a magnetic field. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can directly sense the expansion of the battery cell 20 to automatically adjust the magnetic field strength; or, it can indirectly sense the expansion of the battery cell 20 using devices such as a controller 40 and sensors to adjust the magnetic field strength.

[0108] The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can generate a magnetic field and adjust its strength according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. The strength of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is positively correlated with the expansion amount of the battery cell 20; that is, the greater the expansion amount of the battery cell 20, the greater the magnetic field strength generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can generate a magnetic field during normal charging and normal operation of the battery cell 20, and adjust the magnetic field strength according to the expansion amount of the battery cell 20 during its expansion process. Alternatively, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can also generate a magnetic field of a certain strength after the expansion amount of the battery cell 20 increases to a certain extent.

[0109] When a battery cell 20 is overcharged, its expansion increases rapidly. At this time, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can increase the strength of the magnetic field it generates. Under the action of this magnetic field, the viscosity of the electrolyte 23 increases. For example, the viscosity of the electrolyte 23 in the initial state can be greater than 10 mPa·s, and the viscosity of the electrolyte 23 after being acted upon by the magnetic field can increase to greater than 25 mPa·s, thereby reducing its fluidity. The electrolyte 23 can be in a semi-solid or plastic state, which helps to intensify the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20. The charging voltage of the battery cell 20 with intensified polarization can rise rapidly and reach the protection cutoff voltage, thereby cutting off the charging current, reducing the risk of thermal failure in the battery cell 20, and improving the reliability of the battery cell 20.

[0110] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the electrode assembly 22 includes a plurality of tabs 221, the plurality of tabs 221 including a positive tab and a negative tab, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is electrically connected to the positive tab and the negative tab, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is insulated from the housing 21; the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 includes a pressure-sensitive coil 241.

[0111] Specifically, the electrode assembly 22 includes a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate including a positive tab and the negative electrode plate including a negative tab. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is electrically connected to the positive tab and the negative tab respectively, so that the battery cell 20 supplies power to the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, causing the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 to generate a magnetic field. Compared with using an external power source to supply power to the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, the embodiments of this application can reduce the risk of failure of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, improve the reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, and also help to simplify the structural design of the battery cell 20.

[0112] It is understood that the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 in this application embodiment can always be powered on and generate a magnetic field during the charging process of the battery cell 20 and during normal operation.

[0113] There are several ways to electrically connect the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 to the electrode tab 221. For example, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be directly electrically connected to the corresponding electrode tab 221. Alternatively, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be electrically connected to a current collector, indirectly connected to the corresponding electrode tab 221 through the current collector. Alternatively, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can also be electrically connected to an electrode terminal 25, indirectly connected to the corresponding electrode tab 221 through the electrode terminal 25.

[0114] The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is insulated from the outer casing 21 to reduce electromagnetic interference. There are several ways to insulate the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 from the outer casing 21. For example, an insulating layer 26 can be wrapped around the outer periphery of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, or an insulating film can be wrapped around the outer periphery of the outer casing 21.

[0115] The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 includes a pressure-sensitive coil 241 disposed in the housing 21. The pressure-sensitive coil 241 may be located on at least one side of the electrode assembly 22 along its height direction, or along its width or thickness direction. The pressure-sensitive coil 241 may include a first end and a second end, one of which may be electrically connected to a positive electrode tab, and the other to a negative electrode tab. The pressure-sensitive coil 241 may be arranged in a ring-like configuration along the direction from the first end to the second end, wherein the first end may be located at the center of the pressure-sensitive coil 241, and the second end may be located on the outer side of the pressure-sensitive coil 241.

[0116] It is known that during the charging and expansion process of the battery cell 20, the resulting expansion force will act on the varistor coil 241 to a certain extent. The greater the expansion of the battery cell 20, the greater the expansion force acting on the varistor coil 241. The resistance value of the varistor coil 241 can change according to the magnitude of the expansion force from the battery cell 20. When the battery cell 20 is charging normally or operating, the expansion force on the varistor coil 241 is small, the resistance of the varistor coil 241 is large, the current is small, and the strength of the magnetic field it generates is small, thereby reducing the risk of the magnetic field affecting the normal operation of the battery. When the battery cell 20 is overcharged, the expansion force on the varistor coil 241 increases rapidly, the resistance of the varistor coil 241 decreases rapidly, the current increases, and the strength of the magnetic field it generates increases. This can rapidly increase the viscosity of the electrolyte 23, reduce the fluidity of the electrolyte 23, exacerbate the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20, and allow the charging voltage of the battery cell 20 to rise rapidly to the protection cutoff voltage.

[0117] In this embodiment, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 includes a pressure-sensitive coil 241. The pressure-sensitive coil 241 can automatically adjust the strength of the magnetic field it generates according to the expansion force of the battery cell 20 during the expansion process. On the one hand, this helps to improve the speed at which the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 adjusts the magnetic field strength when the battery cell 20 is overcharged, and improves the timeliness of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 in adjusting the magnetic field strength. On the other hand, compared with adjusting the magnetic field strength by means of external devices such as the controller 40, this embodiment can reduce the interference of external factors and improve the reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 in adjusting the magnetic field strength, so as to further reduce the risk of thermal failure of the battery cell 20.

[0118] Please continue reading. Figure 4 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is located on at least one side of the electrode assembly 22 along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22.

[0119] The number of first magnetic field generating mechanisms 24 can be one or more. When there is only one first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, it can be located on one side of the electrode assembly 22 along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22. When there are multiple first magnetic field generating mechanisms 24, they can be distributed on both sides of the electrode assembly 22 along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22.

[0120] In the above scheme, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22 on at least one side of the electrode assembly 22, that is, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is located on the large surface of the battery cell 20, which helps to improve the sensing ability of the pressure-sensitive coil 241 to the expansion force of the battery cell 20, and further improves the timeliness and reliability of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 in adjusting the magnetic field strength.

[0121] Please see Figure 8 In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is located inside the housing 21.

[0122] The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, along with the electrode assembly 22, electrolyte 23, etc., is housed in the outer casing 21. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 21.

[0123] In the above scheme, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is set inside the outer casing 21, which helps to shorten the distance between the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 and the electrolyte 23 and improve the effect of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 on the electrolyte 23.

[0124] Please see Figure 9In other embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is located outside the housing 21. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 can be connected to the outer wall surface of the housing 21 from the outside of the housing 21, thereby helping to reduce the assembly difficulty of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 and improve the production efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0125] Please continue reading. Figure 9 In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes an insulating layer 26 that covers at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24.

[0126] Specifically, the insulating layer 26 may be disposed around the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 to cover at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 from the outside. The insulating layer 26 may cover the entire surface of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, or the insulating layer 26 may cover only a portion of the surface of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24.

[0127] In the above solution, by covering at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 with the insulating layer 26, the risk of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 becoming conductive with other surrounding structures can be reduced, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the magnetic field generated by the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24.

[0128] Please see Figure 10 In some embodiments, a first receiving groove 211 is formed on the outer casing 21, and at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed in the first receiving groove 211.

[0129] The shape of the first receiving groove 211 may be approximately the same as the outline shape of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24. The first receiving groove 211 may be formed on the inner wall surface of the outer casing 21, or it may be formed on the outer wall surface of the outer casing 21. The first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 may be completely received in the first receiving groove 211, or a part of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 may be received in the first receiving groove 211, while another part is located outside the first receiving groove 211.

[0130] In the above solution, a first receiving groove 211 is provided on the outer shell 21, and at least a part of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed in the first receiving groove 211, which can reduce the risk of interference between the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 and other surrounding structures.

[0131] Optionally, the inner wall of the first receiving groove 211 can press against at least a portion of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 to limit the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24, which is equivalent to snapping the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 into the first receiving groove 211, thereby reducing the assembly difficulty of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24.

[0132] In some embodiments, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is bonded to the housing 21.

[0133] Adhesive can be provided between the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 and the outer shell 21. Using adhesive to bond the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 and the outer shell 21 helps to reduce the assembly difficulty of the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24.

[0134] Please continue reading. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the magnetorheological material includes magnetic particles 231, which include one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

[0135] Specifically, the magnetic particles 231 may include an iron-cobalt alloy, or the magnetic particles 231 may include an iron-nickel alloy, or the magnetic particles 231 may include carbon-based iron powder.

[0136] High saturation magnetization, large permeability, low coercivity and low remanence, high physicochemical stability, suitable particle size and shape, soft magnetic particle density as close as possible to the carrier liquid density (to prevent excessive sedimentation), and magnetic particles 231 should be environmentally friendly and non-toxic (to reduce harm to the human body during application).

[0137] In the above scheme, by setting the magnetorheological material to include magnetic particles 231 and reasonably setting the material of the magnetic particles 231, it is helpful to improve the performance of the magnetorheological material.

[0138] In some embodiments, the magnetic particle 231 includes a core and a shell, with the shell covering the core. The core includes one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

[0139] Alternatively, the core and shell may comprise a polymer material.

[0140] In the above scheme, by setting the magnetic particle 231 to include a core and a shell covering the core, the suspension stability of the magnetic particle 231 during the magnetorheological polishing process can be improved.

[0141] In some embodiments, the electrolyte 23 further includes a magnetic flux additive, which includes one of silica, oleic acid, linoleic acid, silane coupling agent, phosphate ester, dodecylbenzene salt, polyacrylic acid, organobentonite, and stearic acid.

[0142] The magnetofluid additive may include surfactants and thixotropic agents. The electrolyte 23 may also include an electrolyte solvent, lithium salt, and electrolyte additives.

[0143] In the above scheme, the addition of magnetorheological additives helps to improve the flowability of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23, thereby improving the fluidity and suspension stability of magnetic particles 231 during magnetorheological polishing.

[0144] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23 is 1% to 15%.

[0145] As an example, the mass percentage of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23 can be 1%, 2%, 4%, 5%, 7%, 8%, 10%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or any other value between any two of the aforementioned values.

[0146] In the above scheme, by reasonably designing the addition range of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23, it is helpful to improve the anti-settling ability of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23 and reduce the risk of rapid sedimentation of magnetic particles 231 in electrolyte 23.

[0147] Optionally, the conductivity of electrolyte 23 can be 1 ms / cm to 7 ms / cm, and the liquid density can be 1.0 g / cm3 to 2.4 g / cm3, in order to improve the magnetorheological polishing capability of electrolyte 23.

[0148] The electrolyte 23 provided in this application embodiment may have characteristics such as high saturation magnetization, large permeability, low coercivity, low remanence, high physicochemical stability, and suitable particle size and shape. Furthermore, the density of the magnetic particles 231 can be as close as possible to the density of the carrier liquid to reduce the risk of the magnetic particles 231 settling too quickly.

[0149] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a battery device 100, including any of the battery cells 20 described above. The battery device 100 provided by embodiments of this application has the technical effects of the battery cell 20 in any of the above embodiments, and the explanations of structures and terms that are the same as or corresponding to those in the above embodiments will not be repeated here.

[0150] Please see Figure 11 Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a battery device 100, including a battery cell 20 and a second magnetic field generating mechanism 30. The battery cell 20 includes an electrolyte 23, which includes a magnetorheological material. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is disposed on the battery cell 20 and is used to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is configured to change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell 20.

[0151] The technical features that are the same or corresponding to those in the first aspect of this application will not be repeated here.

[0152] The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can be disposed outside the battery cell 20, for example, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is located between two adjacent battery cells 20. There are various ways to connect the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 to the battery cell 20. For example, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can be directly connected to the outer shell 21 of the battery cell 20 by means of adhesive bonding, or the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can be indirectly connected to the battery cell 20 through a structure such as a heat insulation pad 70. There are various structures for the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30. For example, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 may include a coil 31, or it may include other magnetic conductor structures capable of generating a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can be electrically connected to the battery cell 20 to generate a magnetic field, or the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can also be electrically connected to an external power source to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can directly sense the expansion of the battery cell 20 to automatically change the strength of the magnetic field; or the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can also indirectly sense the expansion of the battery cell 20 with the help of devices such as a controller 40 and sensors, and change the magnetic field strength under the control of the controller 40 and other structures.

[0153] The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can generate a magnetic field and change its strength according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. The strength of the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is positively correlated with the expansion amount of the battery cell 20; that is, the greater the expansion amount of the battery cell 20, the greater the strength of the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can generate a magnetic field of a certain strength after the expansion amount of the battery cell 20 increases to a certain extent. Alternatively, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can also generate a magnetic field during normal charging and normal operation of the battery cell 20, and change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion amount of the battery cell 20 during its expansion process.

[0154] In the above scheme, the electrolyte 23 includes a magnetorheological material, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is disposed in the battery cell 20 and used to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. When the battery cell 20 is overcharged, the expansion of the battery cell 20 increases rapidly. At this time, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can increase the strength of the magnetic field it generates. Under the action of this magnetic field, the viscosity of the electrolyte 23 increases and the fluidity decreases. The electrolyte 23 can be in a semi-solid or plastic state, which helps to intensify the polarization phenomenon of the battery cell 20. The charging voltage of the battery cell 20 with intensified polarization can rise rapidly and reach the protection cutoff voltage, so as to reduce the risk of thermal failure in the battery cell 20 and improve the reliability of the battery cell 20.

[0155] Please see Figure 12In some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a controller 40 and a backup power supply 50. The controller 40 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 50, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply 50, respectively. The controller 40 is used to control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 according to the expansion of the battery cell 20.

[0156] Specifically, both the controller 40 and the backup power supply 50 can be located inside the housing 10 of the battery device 100, or the backup power supply 50 can be located inside the housing 10 while the controller 40 is located outside the housing 10.

[0157] The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply 50, so that the backup power supply 50 supplies power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30, thereby enabling the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 to generate a magnetic field. Compared with supplying power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 through the battery cell 20, this helps to reduce the risk of electrical interference between the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 and the battery cell 20.

[0158] The controller 40 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 50. It can control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. At the same time, it can also control the voltage supplied by the backup power supply 50 to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30, so as to flexibly adjust the intensity of the magnetic field of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30.

[0159] The controller 40 can control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 after the battery cell 20 has overcharged and rapidly expanded. This allows the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 to generate a magnetic field after the battery cell 20 has overcharged and rapidly expanded, helping to reduce the risk of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 and its generated magnetic field interfering with the normal charging and operation of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the controller 40 can also control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 when the battery cell 20 is charging and operating normally.

[0160] In the above scheme, by setting the controller 40 to be electrically connected to the backup power supply 50, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 to be electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply 50 respectively, the magnetic field generation time and magnetic field intensity of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 can be flexibly controlled by the controller 40 and the backup power supply 50.

[0161] Please continue reading. Figure 12 In some embodiments, the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 includes a coil 31 to rapidly generate a magnetic field acting on the electrolyte 23 in a rapid response to energization.

[0162] Specifically, coil 31 may include a third end and a fourth end, one of which may be electrically connected to the positive terminal of backup power supply 50, and the other may be electrically connected to the negative terminal of backup power supply 50. Coil 31 may be arranged in a wraparound manner along the direction from the third end to the fourth end, wherein the third end may be located at the center of coil 31, and the fourth end may be located on the outside of coil 31.

[0163] Please continue reading. Figure 12 In some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a force sensor 60, which is disposed on the battery cell 20 and electrically connected to the controller 40. The force sensor 60 is used to detect the expansion force within the battery cell 20.

[0164] The force sensor 60 can be disposed on the outside of the battery cell 20, and fitted against the outer wall surface of the housing 21 of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the force sensor 60 can be disposed on the inside of the battery cell 20. Optionally, the force sensor 60 can be disposed along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22 on at least one side of the electrode assembly 22 to facilitate the detection of the expansion force of the battery cell 20.

[0165] In the above scheme, by setting a force sensor 60 in the battery cell 20 and electrically connecting the force sensor 60 to the controller 40, the controller 40 can control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 based on the detection result of the expansion force of the battery cell 20 by the force sensor 60. This helps to improve the reliability of the magnetic field strength adjustment generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30, so as to further reduce the risk of thermal failure of the battery cell 20.

[0166] Please see Figure 13 In some embodiments, the battery device 100 further includes a heat insulation pad 70 disposed between two adjacent battery cells 20, and the heat insulation pad 70 has a second receiving groove 71, at least a portion of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is located in the second receiving groove 71.

[0167] In the battery device 100, there are multiple battery cells 20. A heat insulation pad 70 may be provided between two adjacent battery cells 20 to reduce heat interference. The heat insulation pad 70 may have a second receiving groove 71, the shape of which may be approximately the same as the outline of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 may be completely received in the second receiving groove 71, or a part of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 may be received in the second receiving groove 71, while another part is located outside the second receiving groove 71.

[0168] The magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 located between two adjacent battery cells 20 can simultaneously act on the electrolyte 23 of the two battery cells 20. There may be one second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 between two adjacent battery cells 20, or there may be multiple second magnetic field generating mechanisms 30. The corresponding heat insulation pad 70 may have a second receiving groove 71 that corresponds one-to-one with the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30.

[0169] Optionally, the second receiving groove 71 can penetrate the heat insulation pad 70 along the thickness direction of the heat insulation pad 70, which helps to improve the effect of the magnetic field generated by the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 on the battery cells 20 on both sides.

[0170] In the above solution, by opening a second receiving groove 71 in the heat insulation pad 70, at least a portion of the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is accommodated in the second receiving groove 71, which helps to reduce the risk of interference between the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 and other surrounding structures, and also helps to improve the energy density of the battery device 100.

[0171] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electrical device including the battery device 100 described above.

[0172] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage device, including the battery device 100 of any of the above.

[0173] This application provides a battery cell 20, including a housing 21, an electrode assembly 22, an electrolyte 23, and a first magnetic field generating mechanism 24. The electrode assembly 22 is housed within the housing 21; the electrolyte 23, which includes a magnetorheological material, is also housed within the housing 21; the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is disposed on the housing 21 and used to generate a magnetic field, and is configured to adjust the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. The electrode assembly 22 includes a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab, and is insulated from the housing 21; the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 includes a varistor coil 241. Along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly 22, the first magnetic field generating mechanism 24 is located on at least one side of the electrode assembly 22.

[0174] This application provides a battery device 100, including a battery cell 20 and a second magnetic field generating mechanism 30. The battery cell 20 includes an electrolyte 23, which includes a magnetorheological material. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is disposed on the battery cell 20 and used to generate a magnetic field. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is configured to change the strength of the magnetic field according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. The battery device 100 also includes a controller 40 and a backup power supply 50. The controller 40 is electrically connected to the backup power supply 50, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 is electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the backup power supply 50, respectively. The controller 40 is used to control the backup power supply 50 to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 according to the expansion of the battery cell 20. The second magnetic field generating mechanism 30 includes a coil 31. The battery device 100 also includes a force sensor 60, which is disposed on the battery cell 20 and electrically connected to the controller 40. The force sensor 60 is used to detect the expansion force within the battery cell 20.

[0175] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery cell, characterized by, The battery cell comprises: a housing; an electrode assembly accommodated in the housing; an electrolyte accommodated in the housing, the electrolyte comprising a magnetorheological material; and a first magnetic field generating mechanism arranged in the housing and configured to generate a magnetic field, the first magnetic field generating mechanism being configured to adjust the strength of the magnetic field according to the swelling of the battery cell. The electrode assembly comprises a positive electrode tab and a negative electrode tab, the first magnetic field generating mechanism being electrically connected to the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab, and the first magnetic field generating mechanism being insulated from the housing; the first magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a pressure-sensitive coil.

2. The battery cell of claim 1, wherein, The first magnetic field generating mechanism is located on at least one side of the electrode assembly along the thickness direction of the electrode assembly.

3. The battery cell of claim 2, wherein, The first magnetic field generating mechanism is located in the housing; or the first magnetic field generating mechanism is located outside the housing.

4. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The battery cell further comprises an insulating layer covering at least part of the first magnetic field generating mechanism.

5. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, A first accommodating groove is formed on the housing, and at least part of the first magnetic field generating mechanism is arranged in the first accommodating groove.

6. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, And / or, The first magnetic field generating mechanism is bonded to the housing. The magnetorheological material comprises magnetic particles, and the magnetic particles comprise one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

7. The battery cell of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The magnetic particles comprise a core and a shell, the shell being wrapped outside the core, and the core comprises one of iron-cobalt alloy, iron-nickel alloy, and carbonyl iron powder.

8. The battery cell of claim 7, wherein, The battery cell comprises any one of claims 1-8.

9. A battery device characterized by comprising: The battery cell comprises:

10. A battery device characterized by comprising: an electrolyte, the electrolyte comprising a magnetorheological material; a second magnetic field generating mechanism arranged in the battery cell and configured to generate a magnetic field, the second magnetic field generating mechanism being configured to change the strength of the magnetic field according to the swelling of the battery cell. The battery device further comprises a controller and a backup power supply, the controller being electrically connected to the backup power supply, and the second magnetic field generating mechanism being electrically connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the backup power supply, respectively, 11. The battery device of claim 10, wherein, The controller is configured to control the backup power supply to supply power to the second magnetic field generating mechanism according to the swelling of the battery cell. The second magnetic field generating mechanism comprises a coil.

12. The battery device of claim 11, wherein, The battery device further comprises a force sensor arranged in the battery cell and electrically connected to the controller, the force sensor being configured to detect the swelling force of the battery cell.

13. The battery device of claim 11, wherein, The battery device further comprises a thermal insulation pad arranged between two adjacent battery cells, the thermal insulation pad being provided with a second accommodating groove, and at least part of the second magnetic field generating mechanism being located in the second accommodating groove.

14. The battery device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein The battery device comprises any one of claims 9-14.

15. An electrical device, comprising: The battery device comprises any one of claims 9-14.

16. An energy storage device, characterized by ​

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