Antenna, communication equipment and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an antenna, communication equipment and a vehicle. The antenna comprises a substrate, a radiation patch layer and a metal layer. The radiation patch layer is positioned on one side of the substrate; the metal layer is located at one side, far away from the radiation patch layer, of the substrate, the metal layer comprises a main body part and two feed parts, and the main body part is provided with two crossed feed gaps and two wiring gaps; and each feed part is arranged in one wiring gap and passes through one feed gap to be connected with the main body part. As the main body part is provided with the wiring gap for the arrangement of the feed part, the arrangement of a via hole can be canceled, the structure of the antenna is prevented from being damaged by punching, and the structural performance of the antenna is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of radio communication technology, and more particularly to an antenna, communication equipment, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) are widely used in the field of radio communication technology. In related technologies, vias are typically required within microstrip patch antennas, which often leads to a decrease in the structural stability of the antenna. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides an antenna, a communication device, and a vehicle to at least partially solve the problem of low structural stability of antennas in the related art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, an antenna is provided, comprising: a substrate, a radiating patch layer, and a metal layer. The radiating patch layer is located on one side of the substrate; the metal layer is located on the side of the substrate away from the radiating patch layer, and the metal layer includes a main body and two feed sections. The main body has two intersecting feed slots and two wiring slots. Each feed section is disposed in one of the wiring slots and passes through one of the feed slots to connect to the main body.

[0005] Optionally, the two feed sections are perpendicular to the feed gap they pass through.

[0006] Optionally, the two power supply gaps intersect at a first center point, and the two power supply sections are rotate symmetrical about the first center point at 90°.

[0007] Optionally, the two power supply units are configured to receive a first signal and a second signal, wherein the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal is 90°.

[0008] Optionally, the distance between the connection point of the power supply part and the main body part and the geometric center of the metal layer is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

[0009] Optionally, at least one of the main body and the power supply part includes a mesh-like metal wire.

[0010] Optionally, the radiating patch layer includes a plurality of patches arranged in an array.

[0011] Optionally, the plurality of patches are arranged in N rows and N columns, and the plurality of patches include a first target patch and a second target patch arranged diagonally, the first target patch and the second target patch having chamfers that are opposite to each other; wherein, the first target patch is located in the first row and the first column; the second target patch is located in the Nth row and the Nth column; or, the first target patch is located in the Nth row and the first column; the second target patch is located in the first row and the Nth column.

[0012] Optionally, the shape of the chamfer is a right triangle.

[0013] Optionally, the two right-angled sides of the chamfer are of equal length.

[0014] Optionally, among the plurality of patches, the surfaces of the patches other than the first target patch and the second target patch are square, and the length of the right-angled side of the chamfer is equal to the side length of the square.

[0015] Optionally, each patch includes a grid of metal wires.

[0016] Optionally, the substrate is a transparent substrate.

[0017] According to a second aspect of this application, a communication device is provided, the communication device including the antenna described in the first aspect.

[0018] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is also provided, including the communication device described in the second aspect as above.

[0019] For the antenna provided in this embodiment, since wiring slots are provided on the main body for the arrangement of the feed section, the vias can be eliminated, avoiding damage to the antenna structure by drilling, thereby improving the structural performance of the antenna. Furthermore, since the antenna includes a substrate and radiating patch layers and metal layers located on both sides of the substrate, the antenna's low profile characteristics are ensured, and it possesses good conformal capability to adapt to its placement scenarios.

[0020] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the middle metal layer;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-radiation patch layer;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a metal layer according to other embodiments of this disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna according to other embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 100. Antenna;

[0030] 10. Radiation patch layer; 11. Patch; 110. Chamfer; 111. First target patch; 112. Second target patch;

[0031] 20. Substrate;

[0032] 30. Metal layer; 31. Main body; 311. Power supply gap; 312. Wiring gap; 32. Power supply section; 321. First power supply section; 322. Second power supply section;

[0033] D1, first distance; P1, first center point; P2, geometric center of the metal layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0035] Some embodiments of this application provide an antenna, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, the antenna 100 includes a radiating patch layer 10, a substrate 20, and a metal layer 30 arranged sequentially along its thickness direction Z. The radiating patch layer 10 and the metal layer 30 are located on opposite sides of the substrate 20. That is, the radiating patch layer 10 is located on one side of the substrate 20, and the metal layer 30 is located on the side of the substrate 20 away from the radiating patch layer 10.

[0036] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The metal layer 30 includes a main body 31 and two power supply sections 32. The main body 31 has two intersecting power supply slots 311 and two wiring slots 312. The two power supply slots 311 intersect each other and are perpendicular. For example, the two power supply slots 311 intersect at the midpoint of each power supply slot 311. Each power supply section 32 is disposed in a wiring slot 312 and passes through a power supply slot 311 to connect to the main body 31.

[0037] By inputting a signal with a phase difference to each feed section 32, the feed slot 311 can couple the signal to the radiating patch layer 10, thereby ultimately radiating a circularly polarized wave. Furthermore, the main body 31 can be used to provide a reflective surface, thereby enhancing the radiation performance of the antenna 100.

[0038] As an example, please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two power supply sections 32 are a first power supply section 321 and a second power supply section 322, respectively. The first power supply section 321 is located in a wiring gap 312 and passes through a power supply gap 311 to connect with the main body section 31. The wiring gap 312 and the power supply gap 311 can be perpendicular to each other and connected. The free end of the first power supply section 321 (i.e., the end of the first power supply section 321 away from its connection with the main body section 31) can serve as a first power supply port to input or output corresponding signals.

[0039] Correspondingly, the second power supply section 322 is located in another wiring gap 312 and is connected to the main body section 31 through another power supply gap 311. The free end of the second power supply section 322 (i.e. the end of the second power supply section 322 away from its connection to the main body section 31) can serve as a second power supply port to input or output corresponding signals.

[0040] For the antenna 100 provided in this embodiment, since the main body 31 has a wiring slot 312 for the feed section 32 to be arranged, the via can be eliminated, avoiding damage to the antenna 100 structure by drilling, thereby improving the structural performance of the antenna 100. Furthermore, since the antenna 100 includes a substrate 20 and radiating patch layers 10 and metal layers 30 located on both sides of the substrate 20, the low profile characteristics of the antenna 100 can be ensured, and it has good conformal capability to adapt to its placement scenario. For example, the antenna 100 can be placed on a vehicle window glass. Specifically, the antenna 100 can be integrated into the vehicle window glass. In this case, the antenna 100 is completely conformal with the vehicle body, thus not affecting the overall appearance design of the vehicle and improving the aesthetics of the vehicle body.

[0041] In some examples, the width of each wiring gap 312 is slightly larger than the width of the power supply section 32 located therein, thereby ensuring that the power supply section 32 is effectively accommodated in the corresponding wiring gap 312 and does not come into contact with the main body section 31 located on both sides of the wiring gap 312.

[0042] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The two feed sections 32 are perpendicular to the feed gap 311 they pass through. That is, the first feed section 321 is perpendicular to the feed gap 311 it passes through, while the second feed section 322 is perpendicular to the feed gap 311 it passes through. This arrangement can effectively reduce the length of the feed section 32.

[0043] In some examples, the two power supply sections 32 extend in directions perpendicular to each other.

[0044] As an example, one of the two power supply slots 311 extends along a first direction X and the other extends along a second direction Y, with the first direction X and the second direction Y being perpendicular. One power supply section 32 passes through the power supply slot 311 extending along the first direction X and extends along the second direction Y; the other power supply section 32 passes through the power supply slot 311 extending along the second direction Y and extends along the first direction X.

[0045] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 The two power supply gaps 311 intersect at the first center point P1, and the two power supply parts 32 are 90° rotationally symmetrical about the first center point P1.

[0046] This ensures that the distance from the connection point between the two feed sections 32 and the main body 31 to the first center point P1 is equal, which is beneficial to ensuring the circular polarization performance of the antenna 100.

[0047] The two power supply sections 32 are rotationally symmetrical about the first center point P1 at 90°. This means that there are always two corresponding points on the two power supply sections 32, and the lines connecting these two points to the first center point P1 form a 90° angle, and the lengths of the two connecting lines are equal. In this case, the length and width of the two power supply sections 32 can be equal.

[0048] In some examples, the length of each feed gap 311 is greater than or equal to 25.5 mm and less than or equal to 27.5 mm.

[0049] In some examples, the width of each feed gap 311 is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm and less than or equal to 2.1 mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, please continue reading Figure 2 The distance between the connection point of the power supply section 32 and the main body section 31 and the geometric center P2 of the metal layer (hereinafter referred to as the first distance) is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the first distance D1 is greater than or equal to 8mm and less than or equal to 10mm.

[0051] Setting the first distance between the connection point of the feed section 32 and the main body 31 and the geometric center P2 of the metal layer within the above range is beneficial to ensuring that the antenna 100 has good circular polarization performance.

[0052] For example, the first distance between the connection point of the power supply section 32 and the main body section 31 and the geometric center P2 of the metal layer can be 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0053] In some examples, the geometric center P2 of the metal layer coincides with the first center point P1. In this case, the connection point of the two power supply sections 32 and the main body section 31 is equidistant from the geometric center P2.

[0054] In some embodiments, the two power supply units 32 are configured to receive a first signal and a second signal, the phase difference between the first signal and the second signal being 90°.

[0055] When the two feed sections 32 receive signals with a phase difference of 90° respectively, the antenna 100 can radiate circularly polarized waves by utilizing the structure described above.

[0056] In some examples, for the feed section 32 extending along the first direction X, the phase of the first signal it receives is φ; for the feed section 32 extending along the second direction Y, the phase of the second signal it receives is (φ+90°), so that the antenna 100 can radiate a left-hand circularly polarized wave.

[0057] In other examples, for the feed section 32 extending along the first direction X, the phase of the first signal it receives is φ; for the feed section 32 extending along the second direction Y, the phase of the second signal it receives is (φ-90°), so that the antenna 100 can radiate a right-hand circularly polarized wave.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 2 The two feed sections 32 can be rotated 180° counterclockwise around the first center point P1 to obtain the following: Figure 4 The structure of the metal layer 30 is shown. For the feed section 32 extending along the first direction X, the phase of the first signal it receives is φ; for the feed section 32 extending along the second direction Y, the phase of the second signal it receives is (φ+90°), so that the antenna 100 can radiate a left-hand circularly polarized wave.

[0059] In some embodiments, the free ends of the two power supply sections 32 can be connected to an equal-power phase shifter, thereby enabling stable reception of two signals with a 90° phase difference.

[0060] In some embodiments, the main body 31 and the feed section 32 can be made of a transparent conductive material. For example, the transparent conductive material can be indium tin oxide, which has high light transmittance and good conductivity, thus facilitating the formation of a transparent antenna 100. When the antenna 100 has good transparency, the antenna 100 has better concealment, which allows full use of the space in the vehicle window glass to arrange the antenna 100, while also reducing the mutual coupling between the antenna 100 and other antennas.

[0061] In some examples, at least one of the main body 31 and the power supply 32 includes a mesh-like metal wire. For example, the main body 31 includes a mesh-like metal wire; or, the power supply 32 includes a mesh-like metal wire; or, both the main body 31 and the power supply 32 include mesh-like metal wires. As an example, the metal wire may be made of a transparent conductive material.

[0062] By setting up a grid-like metal wire, it is not only beneficial to improve the light transmittance of the metal layer 30, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to have good transparency characteristics, but also to improve the radiation performance of the antenna 100.

[0063] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The substrate 20 is a transparent substrate. That is, the substrate 20 is made of a transparent material. For example, the substrate 20 can be made of materials such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or transparent glass.

[0064] In some examples, the dielectric constant of the material of substrate 20 is in the range of 4.5 to 5.5.

[0065] In some examples, the geometric center of the substrate 20 coincides with the geometric center of the metal layer 30 in the thickness direction Z of the antenna 100. The thickness of the substrate 20 can be in the range of 2.5 mm to 3.5 mm. Furthermore, the plane of the substrate 20 perpendicular to the thickness direction Z of the antenna 100 is, for example, a square. The side length of this square can be in the range of 62 mm to 72 mm.

[0066] In some examples, the main body 31 and the feed part 32 can be printed on the substrate 20, which is beneficial for the fabrication of the metal layer 30 and the forming of the antenna 100.

[0067] In some examples, along the first direction X, the dimensions of the substrate 20 are the same as the dimensions of the metal layer 30; along the second direction Y, the dimensions of the substrate 20 are the same as the dimensions of the metal layer 30.

[0068] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the radiation patch layer 10 includes a plurality of patches 11 arranged in a periodic manner.

[0069] This allows the resonant characteristics of the feed slot 311 and the radiating patch layer 10 to be utilized, thereby obtaining a wider impedance bandwidth and circular polarization bandwidth, and realizing directional radiation of the antenna 100.

[0070] As an example, multiple patches 11 can be arranged in an array. This arrangement facilitates the layout of the patches 11.

[0071] In some examples, the geometric center of the radiating patch layer 10 coincides with the geometric center of the metal layer 30 in the thickness direction Z of the antenna 100.

[0072] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 3 Multiple patches 11 can be arranged in N rows and N columns, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The multiple patches 11 include a first target patch 111 and a second target patch 112 arranged diagonally. The first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 have mutually opposing chamfered corners 110. Specifically, the chamfered corners 110 on the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 mean that one corner of each of the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 has been chamfered, resulting in the original corner being missing.

[0073] In some examples, please refer to Figure 1 and combined Figure 3 The first target patch 111 is located in the first row and the first column; the second target patch 112 is located in the Nth row and the Nth column.

[0074] In other examples, please refer to Figure 5 and combined Figure 3 The first target patch 111 is located in the Nth row and the first column; the second target patch 112 is located in the first row and the Nth column.

[0075] In this case, by setting a chamfer 110 on one side of the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 that are opposite to each other, the axial ratio of the antenna 100 can be improved, thereby enhancing the circular polarization performance of the antenna 100.

[0076] For ease of illustration, Figure 1 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 The plurality of patches 11 shown are arranged in three rows and three columns. The gap width between any two adjacent patches 11 along the first direction X is equal to the gap width between two adjacent patches 11 along the second direction Y, and the gap width is within the range of 0.3mm to 0.5mm. Of course, the plurality of patches 11 can also be arranged in four rows and four columns, five rows and five columns, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0077] It is worth noting that, please refer to Figure 1 For the feed section 32 extending along the first direction X, the phase of the first signal it receives is φ; for the feed section 32 extending along the second direction Y, the phase of the second signal it receives is (φ+90°). By setting the first target patch 111 in the first row and the first column, and setting the second target patch 112 in the Nth row and the Nth column, the performance of the antenna 100 in radiating left-hand circularly polarized waves can be improved.

[0078] Please see Figure 5 For the feed section 32 extending along the first direction X, the phase of the first signal it receives is φ; for the feed section 32 extending along the second direction Y, the phase of the second signal it receives is (φ-90°). By placing the first target patch 111 in the Nth row and the first column, and placing the second target patch 112 in the first row and the Nth column, the performance of the antenna 100 in radiating right-hand circularly polarized waves can be improved.

[0079] In some embodiments, the surfaces of the patches other than the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 are all square, and the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 are the portions remaining after removing the chamfered corner 110 from the square patches.

[0080] In some examples, the side length of the square is in the range of 17mm to 21mm.

[0081] In some embodiments, the chamfer 110 is a right-angled triangle. By setting the chamfer 110 to be a right-angled triangle, it is beneficial to both the fabrication of the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 and to the improvement of the axial ratio of the antenna 100.

[0082] As an example, the two legs of the chamfer 110 are of equal length, meaning that the shape of the chamfer 110 is an isosceles right triangle. This is beneficial for further improving the axial ratio of the antenna.

[0083] In some embodiments, when the surfaces of all patches other than the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 are square, the length of the right-angled side of the chamfer 110 is equal to the side length of the square. The first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 are both isosceles right triangles, and the right angles of the first target patch 111 and the second target patch 112 are arranged opposite each other.

[0084] In some embodiments, each patch 11 (including a first target patch 111, a second target patch 112, and other patches) includes a grid of metal wires.

[0085] In this case, this not only helps to improve the light transmittance of the radiating patch layer 10, thereby enabling the antenna 100 to have good transparency characteristics, but also improves the radiation performance of the antenna 100.

[0086] The antenna 100 provided in the above embodiments of this application has advantages such as low profile, easy conformal design, and good transparency, in addition to being able to radiate circularly polarized waves. Furthermore, the antenna 100 is suitable for satellite communication equipment and can meet the full uplink and downlink frequency band coverage requirements of satellite communication from 1980MHz to 2200MHz.

[0087] Some embodiments of this application also provide a communication device, which includes the antenna 100 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0088] Since it includes antenna 100, the communication device has the technical effects of the antenna 100 described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0089] In some examples, the communication device may be an antenna array comprising multiple antennas 100 as described above.

[0090] Some embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle that includes the communication equipment described above.

[0091] Since the vehicle includes a communication device with the aforementioned antenna 100, it possesses the technical effects of the aforementioned antenna 100, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0092] It should be noted that this application Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 The filling of the main body 31 and the power supply part 32 are not the same. This is only for illustration purposes and does not limit the structure or material of the two.

[0093] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0094] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0095] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0096] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by The antenna (100) comprises: a substrate (20); a radiating patch layer (10) on one side of the substrate (20); and a metal layer (30) on the side of the substrate (20) away from the radiating patch layer (10), the metal layer (30) comprising a main body portion (31) and two feed portions (32), the main body portion (31) having two intersecting feed slots (311) and two routing slots (312) formed therein, each of the feed portions (32) being disposed in one of the routing slots (312) and connected to the main body portion (31) through one of the feed slots (311). Each of the feed portions (32) is perpendicular to the feed slot (311) through which it passes.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two feed slots (311) intersect at a first center point (P1), and the two feed portions (32) are 90° rotationally symmetric about the first center point (P1).

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The two feed portions (32) are configured to receive a first signal and a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal have a phase difference of 90°.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the connection point of the feed portion (32) and the main body portion (31) and the geometric center (P2) of the metal layer (30) is greater than or equal to 8 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the main body portion (31) and the feed portions (32) comprises metal wires in a grid pattern.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein, The radiating patch layer (10) comprises a plurality of patches (11) arranged in an array.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The plurality of patches (11) are arranged in N rows and N columns, and the plurality of patches (11) comprise a first target patch (111) and a second target patch (112) disposed diagonally, the first target patch (111) and the second target patch (112) being provided with mutually facing cut corners (110).

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that The first target patch (111) is located in the first row and the first column, and the second target patch (112) is located in the Nth row and the Nth column, or the first target patch (111) is located in the Nth row and the first column, and the second target patch (112) is located in the first row and the Nth column. The cut corner (110) has a shape of a right-angled triangle.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The two right-angled sides of the cut corner (110) have equal lengths.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, Among the plurality of patches (11), the surfaces of the patches (11) other than the first target patch (111) and the second target patch (112) are square, and the lengths of the right-angled sides of the cut corner (110) are equal to the lengths of the sides of the square.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that Each of the patches (11) comprises metal wires in a grid pattern.

12. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein, The substrate (20) is a transparent substrate.

13. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The communication device comprises the antenna (100) of any one of claims 1-13.

14. A communication device, characterized by The communication device comprises the antenna (100) of claim 14.

15. A vehicle characterized by comprising: ​

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