Flexible soil crushing and residue discharging device for rhizome harvester

Abstract

The utility model provides a rootstock harvester used flexible soil breaking and deslagging device, which comprises a material conveying mechanism, a soil breaking mechanism is arranged above the material conveying mechanism, the soil breaking mechanism comprises a driving unit, the driving unit is in transmission connection with a circulating unit, the circulating unit comprises a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft is connected with the second rotating shaft. A third chain wheel is fixed to the first rotating shaft, a fourth chain wheel is fixed to the second rotating shaft, and the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel are in transmission connection through a chain. A soil crushing unit is arranged between the chains on the third chain wheel and the fourth chain wheel, when the soil crushing unit rotates to the lower side, the soil crushing unit makes contact and collides with rhizome crops with soil blocks on the material conveying belt, so that the soil blocks on the rhizome crops fall off, and then the crushed soil blocks fall off from gaps in the material conveying belt; therefore, soil blocks on the rhizome crops are separated, secondary treatment through other tools is not needed, the working efficiency is greatly improved, manpower is saved, and the harvesting cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of root and tuber harvester technology, and more specifically, to a flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when harvesting root crops (such as garlic, potatoes, onions, and medicinal herbs), harvesters are needed to dig the crops out of the ground. However, current root crop harvesters lack soil clod separation mechanisms. As a result, the crops are often covered with soil clods after being dug out of the ground. Workers then need to use other tools to further process and separate the soil clods from the harvested crops. This increases the processing steps involved in harvesting crops and reduces work efficiency. Therefore, overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology is an urgent problem to be solved in this technical field. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for root and tuber harvesters, aiming to improve the current root and tuber crop harvesters that do not have a soil clod separation mechanism. As a result, after the crops are dug out of the ground, they will be covered with a lot of soil clods. Workers need to use other tools to further process and separate the soil clods from the harvested crops. This increases the processing steps in the harvesting process and reduces work efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester includes a conveying mechanism for transporting root and tuber crops forward. The conveying mechanism includes a support frame with a circulating conveyor belt on the support frame. Above the conveying mechanism is a soil crushing mechanism capable of crushing soil clumps mixed in with the root and tuber crops. The soil crushing mechanism includes a drive unit that provides power, and the drive unit is connected to a circulation unit.

[0006] The circulation unit includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, which are rotatably mounted on both sides of the support frame. A third sprocket is fixed on both sides of the first rotating shaft, and a fourth sprocket is fixed on both sides of the second rotating shaft. The third and fourth sprockets on the same side are connected by a chain drive.

[0007] Several soil-breaking units are set between the chains on the third and fourth sprockets. The soil-breaking units rotate cyclically with the chains on the third and fourth sprockets. When the soil-breaking unit rotates to the lower side, it comes into contact with the root crops with soil clods on the conveyor belt. Due to the obstruction of the root crops by the soil-breaking unit, the soil clods on the root crops are separated from the crops under the action of the obstruction force and the vibration force generated by the conveyor belt. Then the broken soil clods fall through the gaps in the conveyor belt, thereby realizing the separation of soil clods from the root crops.

[0008] In one embodiment, the drive unit includes a drive motor, which is a hydraulic motor. A first sprocket is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor. The first sprocket is connected to a second sprocket via a chain drive. The second sprocket is fixed on a first rotating shaft. Thus, the drive motor can drive the first rotating shaft to rotate through the transmission of the sprocket and the chain.

[0009] In one embodiment, the soil-crushing unit includes two fixed frames, which are respectively fixed on a chain between opposing third and fourth sprockets. A connecting rod is fixed between the two fixed frames, and a plurality of soil-crushing rods are evenly arranged on the connecting rod. When the soil-crushing rods rotate to the bottom with the chain, they collide with the root crops with soil clods on the conveyor belt. As a result, the soil-crushing unit breaks up the soil clods on the root crops, and the broken soil clods fall through the gaps in the conveyor belt, thereby achieving the separation of soil clods from the root crops.

[0010] In one embodiment, the connecting rod is provided with several sets of through holes and snap-fit ​​holes, and the upper side of the soil crushing rod is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove that matches the snap-fit ​​hole. One end of the soil crushing rod passes through the through hole and passes through the connecting rod. Then, the snap-fit ​​groove on the soil crushing rod is snapped into the snap-fit ​​hole, thereby realizing the snap-fit ​​fixing of the soil crushing rod to the connecting rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, the outer cylindrical surface of the soil-breaking rod is provided with several reinforcing ribs.

[0012] In one embodiment, a tension adjustment mechanism is provided between the two ends of the first rotating shaft and the support frame. The tension adjustment mechanism includes a connecting block, which is fixed on the support frame. A mounting frame is fixed on the upper side of the connecting block. A first adjusting screw is screwed to the side of the mounting frame. A T-shaped bearing is rotatably connected to the end of the first adjusting screw. The first rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the T-shaped bearing. Slide rails are slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of the T-shaped bearing. The slide rails are fixed to the inner side of the mounting frame.

[0013] In one embodiment, a soil clod preloading mechanism is provided at the front of the soil crushing mechanism. The soil clod preloading mechanism includes a third rotating shaft, which is rotatably mounted on a support frame via a bracket. A fifth sprocket and a sixth sprocket are fixed at one end of the third rotating shaft. An eighth sprocket is connected to the fifth sprocket via a chain drive. The eighth sprocket is fixed on a first rotating shaft. A seventh sprocket is connected to the sixth sprocket via a chain drive. The seventh sprocket is fixed on a fourth rotating shaft. A soil crushing roller is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft. The soil crushing roller is located on the upper side of the conveyor belt. Connecting frames are rotatably connected to both sides of the fourth rotating shaft. The other side of the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the third rotating shaft.

[0014] In one embodiment, a first fixing seat is fixed to one side of the connecting frame, and a second adjusting screw is screwed onto the first fixing seat. The lower end of the second adjusting screw abuts against the support frame.

[0015] In one embodiment, a second fixing seat is fixed between the two connecting frames, and a scraper is fixed on the second fixing seat, the front end of the scraper abutting against the outer cylindrical surface of the soil-crushing roller.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0017] 1. When the harvester digs out crops mixed with soil clods from the land, it transports them to the conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism then transports the crops backward. At this time, the soil-crushing unit works, and the soil-crushing rods and chains on the soil-crushing unit rotate in a cycle. When the soil-crushing rods are at the lower end of the chain, they come into contact with the crops mixed with soil clods on the conveying belt. The conveying belt carries the crops diagonally upward, while the soil-crushing rods move diagonally downward with the chain. As a result, the soil-crushing rods come into contact with the crops and soil clods on the conveying belt. During the contact process, mutual forces are generated between the two. Under the action of these forces and the vibration generated during the movement of the conveying belt, the soil clods on the crops separate from the crops. Large soil clods are broken into smaller soil clods, which then fall through the gaps in the conveying belt, thus achieving the separation of soil clods from crops. During the harvesting process, soil clods on crops can be separated without the need for secondary processing using other tools, greatly improving work efficiency, saving manpower, and reducing harvesting costs.

[0018] 2. By setting a soil clod pre-compression mechanism on the front side of the soil crushing unit, when the harvested crops contain large soil clods, the larger soil clods first come into contact with the soil crushing roller. Under the action of the soil crushing roller and the conveyor belt, the larger soil clods are crushed into smaller soil clods, which facilitates the subsequent separation of soil clods by the soil crushing rod. The larger soil clods in the crops are pre-treated first, and the soil clods mixed in the crops are treated in layers. This avoids the larger soil clods coming into direct contact with the soil crushing rod, which could jam or damage the soil crushing rod. This greatly improves the efficiency and quality of soil crushing and extends the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a first-view schematic diagram of the entire device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 A second-view schematic diagram of the entire device provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the loop unit structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the movement directions of each mechanism in the entire device provided for the embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the tension adjustment mechanism provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the soil preloading mechanism provided for embodiments of this utility model Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the soil preloading mechanism provided for embodiments of this utility model Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 8 A diagram showing the positional relationship between the soil-breaking unit and the conveyor belt provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 9 Exploded view of the soil-breaking unit provided for the embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the soil-breaking rod structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 11 A schematic diagram showing the installation position of the soil-breaking rod on the adjacent connecting rod for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 100. Material conveying mechanism; 110. Support frame; 120. Material conveyor belt;

[0033] 200. Soil-breaking mechanism; 210. Drive unit; 211. Drive motor; 212. First sprocket; 213. Second sprocket;

[0034] 220. Circulation unit; 221. First shaft; 222. Third sprocket; 223. Fourth sprocket; 224. Second shaft;

[0035] 230. Soil breaking unit; 231. Fixing frame; 232. Connecting rod; 2321. Through hole; 2322. Snap-fit ​​hole; 233. Soil breaking rod; 2331. Snap-fit ​​groove; 2332. Reinforcing bar;

[0036] 240. Tension adjustment mechanism; 241. Connecting block; 242. Mounting bracket; 243. First adjusting screw; 244. T-bearing; 245. Slide rail;

[0037] 300. Soil preloading mechanism; 310. Third shaft; 320. Fifth sprocket; 330. Sixth sprocket; 340. Seventh sprocket; 350. Fourth shaft; 360. Soil crushing roller;

[0038] 370. Connecting frame; 371. First fixed seat; 372. Second adjusting screw; 373. Second fixed seat; 374. Scraper; 380. Eighth sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0040] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 An embodiment of this utility model provides a flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and stem harvester, including a conveying mechanism 100 for transporting root and stem crops forward. The conveying mechanism 100 includes a support frame 110, on which a circulating conveying belt 120 is provided. It should be noted that the conveying belt 120 is provided with gaps to facilitate subsequent soil crushing to fall downward through the gaps. Above the conveying mechanism 100 is a soil crushing mechanism 200 that can crush soil clumps mixed in with the root and stem crops. Both the conveying mechanism 100 and the soil crushing mechanism 200 are inclined upward.

[0042] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the soil-breaking mechanism 200 includes a drive unit 210 that provides power. The drive unit 210 is connected to a circulation unit 220. The drive unit 210 includes a drive motor 211, which is preferably a hydraulic motor, but can also be an electric motor, engine, or any other type that can provide the required power. A first sprocket 212 is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor 211. A second sprocket 213 is connected above the first sprocket 212 via a chain drive. The second sprocket 213 is fixed on a first rotating shaft 221 on one side of the circulation unit 220. Thus, the drive motor 211 can drive the first rotating shaft 221 to rotate through the transmission of the sprocket and the chain, thereby providing the circulation unit 220 with the power for cyclic rotation.

[0043] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The circulation unit 220 includes a first rotating shaft 221 and a second rotating shaft 224. The first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 224 are rotatably disposed on both sides of the support frame 110. A third sprocket 222 is fixed on both sides of the first rotating shaft 221, and a fourth sprocket 223 is fixed on both sides of the second rotating shaft 224. The third sprocket 222 and the fourth sprocket 223 on the same side are connected by a chain drive. Thus, when the first rotating shaft 221 drives the third sprocket 222 to rotate, the third sprocket 222 can drive the fourth sprocket 223 to rotate through the chain. In this way, the third sprocket 222 and the fourth sprocket 223 drive the chain to circulate between the first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 224.

[0044] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8Several soil-breaking units 230 are arranged between the chains on the two sets of third sprockets 222 and fourth sprockets 223, and these units are evenly distributed throughout the chain. Specifically, each soil-breaking unit 230 includes two T-shaped fixing frames 231, which are respectively fixed to the chain between the opposing third sprockets 222 and fourth sprockets 223. A connecting rod 232 is bolted between the two fixing frames 231. The connecting rod 232 is made of hollow square steel, and several soil-breaking rods 233 are evenly arranged on the connecting rod 232. The soil-breaking rods 233 on adjacent connecting rods 232 are staggered in a quincunx pattern (e.g., ...). Figure 11 As shown), this layout reduces the spacing between the soil-crushing rods 233 in the horizontal direction, increasing the working area of ​​the soil-crushing rods 233 and improving the soil-crushing effect. When the soil-crushing rods 233 rotate with the chain to the bottom of the circulation unit 220, the gap between the bottom end of the soil-crushing rods 233 and the top conveyor belt 120 is very small, approximately 3mm-5mm, while the soil-crushing rods 233 and the top conveyor belt 120 move in opposite directions (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown, the soil-breaking rod 233, moving diagonally downwards, collides with and comes into contact with the root crops with soil clods on the conveyor belt 120, which is moving diagonally upwards. Since root crops are relatively brittle, they can be damaged by large external forces. Therefore, the conveyor belt 120 is set to transport crops at a relatively fast speed. The high speed of the conveyor belt 120 generates a large vibration force on the crops during transportation, which separates the soil clods on the crops. The movement speed of the soil-breaking rod 233 is relatively slow, so the collision force generated when the soil-breaking rod 233 comes into contact with the crops on the conveyor belt 120 is small and will not damage the crops. Under the interaction of the blocking force of the soil-breaking rod 233 and the vibration force of the conveyor belt 120, the soil clods on the crops are separated without damaging the crops themselves. Then the broken soil clods fall through the gaps in the conveyor belt 120, thereby achieving the separation of soil clods from root crops.

[0045] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10It should be noted that the soil-breaking rod 233 has a tapered design, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The connecting rod 232 has several sets of through holes 2321 and locking holes 2322. The diameter of the through holes 2321 is larger than the maximum diameter of the soil-breaking rod 233, facilitating its passage during installation. The upper side of the soil-breaking rod 233 has a locking groove 2331 that matches the locking holes 2322. The diameter of the locking holes 2322 is equal to the diameter of the locking groove 2331, while the diameter of the locking groove 2331 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the soil-breaking rod 233. Thus, the locking holes 2322, through their engagement with the locking groove 2331, can lock the soil-breaking rod 233 in place, securing it to the connecting rod 232. The soil-breaking rod 233 is made of flexible rubber, possessing a certain degree of elasticity. During the collision with the soil clod, the soil crusher 233 exhibits a certain degree of flexibility, greatly reducing the stress caused by the collision and significantly lowering the risk of breakage due to excessive stress. This, in turn, greatly extends the service life of the soil crusher 233. When disassembling the soil crusher 233, a tool is used to push down the top of the soil crusher 233 through the through hole 2321. Due to the flexibility of the soil crusher 233, it deforms under the downward pushing force, causing the locking groove 2331 on the soil crusher 233 to separate from the locking hole 2322, thereby separating the soil crusher 233 from the connecting rod 232 and achieving disassembly of the soil crusher 233. In addition, several reinforcing ribs 2332 are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the soil crusher 233 to improve its strength and increase its service life.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Preferably, a tension adjustment mechanism 240 is provided between the two ends of the first rotating shaft 221 and the support frame 110. The tension adjustment mechanism 240 includes a connecting block 241, which is fixed to the support frame 110. A mounting bracket 242 is fixed to the upper side of the connecting block 241. The mounting bracket 242 has a U-shaped design. A first adjusting screw 243 is screwed to the side of the mounting bracket 242. A T-shaped bearing 244 is rotatably connected to the end of the first adjusting screw 243. The first rotating shaft 221 is rotatably mounted on the T-shaped bearing 244. Slide rails are slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of the T-shaped bearing 244. 245. The slide rail 245 is fixed inside the mounting bracket 242. When it is necessary to adjust the tension of the chain between the first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 224, the first adjusting screw 243 is rotated. Driven by the mounting bracket 242, the first adjusting screw 243 can push the T-shaped bearing 244 to move back and forth along the slide rail 245. The T-shaped bearing 244 moves backward, which in turn drives the first rotating shaft 221 to move backward. As a result, the distance between the first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 224 increases, and the chain on the first rotating shaft 221 and the second rotating shaft 224 is tightened. Conversely, the chain becomes loose.

[0047] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It should be noted that a soil clod preloading mechanism 300 is provided in front of the soil crushing mechanism 200. The soil clod preloading mechanism 300 includes a third rotating shaft 310, which is rotatably mounted on the support frame 110 via a bracket. A fifth sprocket 320 and a sixth sprocket 330 are fixed at one end of the third rotating shaft 310. The fifth sprocket 320 is connected to an eighth sprocket 380 via a chain drive. The eighth sprocket 380 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 221. The sixth sprocket 330 is connected to a seventh sprocket 340 via a chain drive. The seventh sprocket 340 is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft 350. A soil crushing roller 360 is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft 350. The soil crushing roller 360 is located on the upper side of the conveyor belt 120. Connecting frames 370 are rotatably connected to both sides of the fourth rotating shaft 350. The other side of the connecting frame 370 is rotatably connected to the third rotating shaft 310.

[0048] The first rotating shaft 221 drives the eighth sprocket 380 to rotate, which in turn drives the fifth sprocket 320 to rotate via a chain. The fifth sprocket 320 then drives the third rotating shaft 310 to rotate, which in turn drives the sixth sprocket 330 to rotate. The sixth sprocket 330 then drives the seventh sprocket 340 to rotate via a chain. The seventh sprocket 340 then drives the fourth rotating shaft 350 to rotate, which in turn drives the soil-crushing roller 360 to rotate. The lowest point of the soil-crushing roller 360 runs in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt 120 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 As shown, when the harvested crops contain large clods of soil, these clods first come into contact with the crushing roller 360. Under the action of the crushing roller 360 and the conveyor belt 120, the large clods are crushed into smaller clods, facilitating the subsequent separation by the crushing mechanism 200. This pre-treatment of the large clods in the crops, along with the layered processing of the clods mixed in with the crops, prevents the large clods from directly contacting the crushing rod 233, which could jam or damage the crushing rod 233. This significantly improves the efficiency and quality of the crushing process and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0049] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7Preferably, a first fixing seat 371 is fixed on one side of the connecting frame 370, and a second adjusting screw 372 is screwed onto the first fixing seat 371. The lower end of the second adjusting screw 372 abuts against the support frame 110. By rotating the second adjusting screw 372, under the reaction force of the support frame 110 and the drive of the first fixing seat 371, the second adjusting screw 372 can drive the connecting frame 370 to rotate up and down around the third rotating shaft 310. In turn, the connecting frame 370 drives the soil crushing roller 360 to rotate up and down, thereby adjusting the size of the gap between the soil crushing roller 360 and the conveyor belt 120 to cope with soil clods of different volumes and improve the mobility and flexibility of the device. In addition, between the two connecting frames 370 A second fixing seat 373 is fixed, and a scraper 374 is fixed on the second fixing seat 373. The front end of the scraper 374 abuts against the outer cylindrical surface of the soil crushing roller 360. The soil debris crushed by the soil crushing roller 360 will stick to the outer surface of the soil crushing roller 360. If it is not dealt with in time, it will accumulate more and more, eventually causing the outer diameter of the soil crushing roller 360 to increase, which will cause the gap between the soil crushing roller 360 and the conveyor belt 120 to decrease, thus making it impossible to crush the soil clods, or even jamming the soil crushing roller 360. The scraper 374 is designed so that the soil debris sticking to the outer circumference of the soil crushing roller 360 rotates with the soil crushing roller 360. When the soil debris reaches the position of the scraper 374, it is scraped away from the soil crushing roller 360 by the scraper 374, realizing the timely separation of the two.

[0050] It should be noted that the motion state and trajectory of each mechanism in this device can be automatically controlled by CNC program or PLC programming, and automatic start-stop and automatic operation can be achieved in conjunction with position switches. The above-mentioned programs and programming are common knowledge to those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The specific model and specifications of the drive unit 211 need to be determined based on the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0052] The power supply and principle of the drive motor 211 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester, comprising a conveying mechanism (100) for transporting root and tuber crops forward, the conveying mechanism (100) including a support frame (110), on which a circulating conveyor belt (120) is disposed, characterized in that, Above the material conveying mechanism (100) is a soil breaking mechanism (200) capable of breaking up the soil clumps mixed in with root crops. The soil breaking mechanism (200) includes a drive unit (210) that provides power, and the drive unit (210) is connected to a circulation unit (220). The circulation unit (220) includes a first rotating shaft (221) and a second rotating shaft (224). The first rotating shaft (221) and the second rotating shaft (224) are rotatably disposed on both sides of the support frame (110). A third sprocket (222) is fixed on both sides of the first rotating shaft (221), and a fourth sprocket (223) is fixed on both sides of the second rotating shaft (224). The third sprocket (222) and the fourth sprocket (223) on the same side are connected by chain drive. Several soil-breaking units (230) are arranged between the chains on the third sprocket (222) and the fourth sprocket (223). The soil-breaking units (230) rotate cyclically with the chains on the third sprocket (222) and the fourth sprocket (223). When the soil-breaking unit (230) rotates to the lower side, the soil-breaking unit (230) comes into contact with the root crops with soil clods on the conveyor belt (120). Due to the obstruction of the root crops by the soil-breaking unit (230), under the action of the obstruction force and the vibration force generated by the conveyor belt (120), the soil clods on the root crops are separated from the crops. Then the broken soil clods fall from the gaps on the conveyor belt (120), thereby realizing the separation of soil clods on the root crops.

2. The flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive unit (210) includes a drive motor (211), which is a hydraulic motor. A first sprocket (212) is fixed on the output shaft of the drive motor (211). The first sprocket (212) is connected to a second sprocket (213) via a chain drive. The second sprocket (213) is fixed on a first rotating shaft (221). Thus, the drive motor (211) can drive the first rotating shaft (221) to rotate through the transmission of the sprocket and the chain.

3. The flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil-breaking unit (230) includes two fixed frames (231), which are respectively fixed on the chain between the opposite third sprocket (222) and fourth sprocket (223). A connecting rod (232) is fixed between the two fixed frames (231). Several soil-breaking rods (233) are evenly arranged on the connecting rod (232). When the soil-breaking rods (233) rotate to the bottom with the chain, the soil-breaking rods (233) collide with the root crops with soil clods on the conveyor belt (120). Thus, the soil-breaking unit (230) breaks the soil clods on the root crops. Then, the broken soil clods fall through the gaps on the conveyor belt (120), thereby realizing the separation of soil clods on the root crops.

4. The flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The connecting rod (232) has several sets of through holes (2321) and snap-fit ​​holes (2322). The upper side of the soil crushing rod (233) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (2331) that matches the snap-fit ​​hole (2322). One end of the soil crushing rod (233) passes through the connecting rod (232) through the through hole (2321), and then the snap-fit ​​groove (2331) on the soil crushing rod (233) is snapped into the snap-fit ​​hole (2322), thereby realizing the snap-fit ​​fixing of the soil crushing rod (233) on the connecting rod (232).

5. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer cylindrical surface of the soil crushing rod (233) is provided with several reinforcing ribs (2332).

6. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, A tension adjustment mechanism (240) is provided between the two ends of the first rotating shaft (221) and the support frame (110). The tension adjustment mechanism (240) includes a connecting block (241), which is fixed on the support frame (110). A mounting frame (242) is fixed on the upper side of the connecting block (241). A first adjusting screw (243) is screwed to the side of the mounting frame (242). A T-shaped bearing (244) is rotatably connected to the end of the first adjusting screw (243). The first rotating shaft (221) is rotatably mounted on the T-shaped bearing (244). A slide rail (245) is slidably connected to the upper and lower ends of the T-shaped bearing (244). The slide rail (245) is fixed to the inner side of the mounting frame (242).

7. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, A soil clod preloading mechanism (300) is provided on the front side of the soil crushing mechanism (200). The soil clod preloading mechanism (300) includes a third rotating shaft (310), which is rotatably mounted on a support frame (110) via a bracket. A fifth sprocket (320) and a sixth sprocket (330) are fixed at one end of the third rotating shaft (310). An eighth sprocket (380) is connected to the fifth sprocket (320) via a chain drive. The eighth sprocket (380) is fixed to the first rotating shaft. On shaft (221), the sixth sprocket (330) is connected to the seventh sprocket (340) via chain drive. The seventh sprocket (340) is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft (350). A soil-crushing roller (360) is fixed on the fourth rotating shaft (350). The soil-crushing roller (360) is set on the upper side of the conveyor belt (120). Connecting frames (370) are rotatably connected to both sides of the fourth rotating shaft (350). The other side of the connecting frame (370) is rotatably connected to the third rotating shaft (310).

8. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first fixing seat (371) is fixed on one side of the connecting frame (370), and a second adjusting screw (372) is screwed onto the first fixing seat (371). The lower end of the second adjusting screw (372) abuts against the support frame (110).

9. A flexible soil crushing and slag removal device for a root and tuber harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second fixing seat (373) is fixed between the two connecting frames (370), and a scraper (374) is fixed on the second fixing seat (373). The front end of the scraper (374) abuts against the outer cylindrical surface of the soil crushing roller (360).

Images