Assembly type prefabricated open caisson structure
The prefabricated caisson structure solves the problems of long construction period and high cost, and realizes the economy of reusability of the back wall and concrete sealing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520147737.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
Existing caisson construction methods suffer from complex construction procedures, long construction periods, non-reusable back walls, and high costs associated with concrete sealing.
The prefabricated caisson structure is adopted, including prefabricated top, middle and bottom prefabricated sections, prefabricated back wall and sealing bottom. The on-site pouring is reduced by detachable connection and reuse, and the back wall and the bottom sealing are prefabricated and mixed materials are used.
It shortened the construction period, reduced costs, and enabled the reuse of the back wall and the economic efficiency of concrete sealing.
Smart Images
Figure CN223780872U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of prefabricated caissons, specifically a prefabricated caisson structure. Background Technology
[0002] A caisson is a cylindrical structure that is lowered to the design elevation by excavating soil inside the caisson and relying on its own weight to overcome the frictional resistance of the caisson wall. Then, the bottom of the caisson is sealed with concrete and the caisson hole is filled, making it the foundation for bridge piers or other structures.
[0003] The existing caisson construction methods have the following problems: 1. Before installation, a preliminary sinking pit needs to be excavated, and after some installations, the pit needs to be backfilled. Furthermore, the caisson requires concrete pouring after installation, making the construction process complex and time-consuming. 2. During pipe jacking, jacks are typically used to push the pipe through the soil layer from the working pit to the receiving pit. A back wall is usually used to increase the stability and load-bearing capacity of the structure. However, currently, the back wall is mostly cast in place, and then broken up and removed after the pipe jacking is completed. This method means the back wall can only be used once, resulting in high costs. 3. Existing caissons use concrete pouring for bottom sealing, which is also costly. Utility Model Content
[0004] The present invention aims to provide a prefabricated caisson structure to solve the problems of long construction period caused by on-site casting of caissons, non-reusable back wall, and high cost of concrete sealing in the existing technology.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A prefabricated caisson structure includes, from top to bottom, a top prefabricated section, an intermediate prefabricated section, a bottom prefabricated section, and a cutting edge prefabricated section. The top prefabricated section is detachably connected to the intermediate prefabricated section, the intermediate prefabricated section is detachably connected to the bottom prefabricated section, and the bottom prefabricated section is detachably connected to the cutting edge prefabricated section. The bottom prefabricated section has a reserved hole on its wall for the jacking pipe to pass through. The top of the top prefabricated section, the intermediate prefabricated section, the bottom prefabricated section, and the cutting edge prefabricated section all have lifting holes.
[0007] It also includes prefabricated back wall and sealing layer;
[0008] The precast back wall is made of reinforced concrete, and the top of the precast back wall is also equipped with hoisting holes;
[0009] The sealing layer consists of, from top to bottom, a reinforced concrete base slab, a concrete cushion layer, and a graded crushed stone cushion layer.
[0010] As a limitation of this utility model: the top precast section and the middle precast section, the middle precast section and the bottom precast section, and the bottom precast section and the cutting edge precast section are all detachably fixed by anchor rods.
[0011] As a further limitation of this utility model: the top precast section, the middle precast section, the bottom precast section and the cutting edge precast section are all made of C35 concrete.
[0012] As another limitation of this utility model: the top prefabricated section, the middle prefabricated section and the bottom prefabricated section are all circular structures composed of multiple first arc-shaped tube segments that can be detachably connected.
[0013] As a further limitation of this utility model: the first arc-shaped tube segment is provided with grouting holes.
[0014] As a further limitation of this utility model: two adjacent first arc-shaped segments are detachably connected by anchor bolts.
[0015] As a further limitation of this utility model: the prefabricated blade foot section is a circular structure composed of multiple second arc-shaped tube segments that are detachably connected.
[0016] As a further limitation of this utility model: two adjacent second arc-shaped segments are also detachably connected by anchor bolts.
[0017] As another limitation of this utility model: the concrete cushion layer is a C20 concrete cushion layer.
[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:
[0019] This utility model includes a prefabricated top layer section, a prefabricated middle layer section, a prefabricated bottom layer section, and a prefabricated cutting edge section. After prefabrication, the sections are sent to the construction site for assembly, followed by excavation of the caisson, which solves the problem of long construction period caused by on-site pouring.
[0020] This utility model also includes a precast back wall, which is made of reinforced concrete and has a hoisting hole at the top. The precast back wall is placed in during pipe jacking construction and lifted out through the hoisting hole when not in use. The precast back wall can be reused, which reduces costs.
[0021] The sealing layer of this utility model includes, from top to bottom, a reinforced concrete base slab, a concrete cushion layer, and a graded crushed stone cushion layer. Compared with the existing method of using concrete for sealing the entire bottom, this method can achieve the same function as concrete sealing while reducing costs.
[0022] In summary, this utility model has a short construction period, the prefabricated back wall can be reused, and the cost is low; it is suitable for bridge construction, water conservancy construction, or other industries that require the use of caisson technology. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal section structure of the prefabricated cutting edge section and the sealing layer in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second arc-shaped tube segments when unfolded in 1 / 4 of this embodiment;
[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner arc surface of a first arc-shaped segment in the prefabricated section of the intermediate layer when it is unfolded.
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer arc surface of a first arc-shaped segment in the middle layer prefabricated section under unfolded state;
[0030] Figure 7 This is a top view of the prefabricated blade section in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the inner arc surface of a second arc-shaped segment in the prefabricated section of the cutting edge, in its unfolded state.
[0032] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the outer arc surface of a second arc segment in the prefabricated section of the cutting edge, in its unfolded state;
[0033] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the pipe jacking construction state in this embodiment.
[0034] In the diagram: 1-Top layer precast section, 2-Intermediate layer precast section, 3-Bottom layer precast section, 4-Cutting edge precast section, 5-Precast back wall, 6-Sealing layer, 61-Reinforced concrete base slab, 62-C20 concrete cushion layer, 63-Graded crushed stone cushion layer, 7-Anchor bolt, 8-Installation hole, 9-Lifting hole, 10-Reserved hole, 11-Jack pipe, 12-First arc-shaped segment, 13-Second arc-shaped segment, 14-Anchor bolt, 15-Grouting hole. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and do not constitute a limitation thereof.
[0036] The terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used in the embodiments are based on the figures in the accompanying drawings of this utility model specification. Figure 1 The spatial relationship, "top" and "bottom" represent Figure 1 The terms "upper" and "lower" in this context are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation, or that it must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the content protected by this utility model.
[0037] like Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment includes a top precast section 1, a middle precast section 2, a bottom precast section 3, and a cutting edge precast section 4 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. This embodiment is precast in advance, eliminating the need for on-site pouring and saving construction time. This embodiment also includes a precast back wall 5 and a sealing layer 6. The precast back wall 5 can be reused, and the sealing layer 6 can reduce costs compared to the existing method of using concrete for the entire bottom.
[0038] In this embodiment, the top precast section 1, the middle precast section 2, the bottom precast section 3, and the cutting edge precast section 4 are all made of C35 concrete with a permeability grade of P10. The top precast section 1 is detachably fixed to the middle precast section 2, the middle precast section 2 is detachably fixed to the bottom precast section 3, and the bottom precast section 3 is detachably fixed to the cutting edge precast section 4 by anchor bolts 7. Specifically, taking the middle precast section 2 as an example... Figure 5 , 6 As shown, multiple anchor rods 7 are fixed at intervals at the bottom end of the intermediate layer precast section 2. In this embodiment, six anchor rods 7 are provided for illustrative purposes only. Correspondingly, six mounting holes 8 are provided at the top end of the bottom layer precast section 3 corresponding to the positions of the anchor rods 7. The anchor rods 7 are inserted into the mounting holes 8 and then grouted for fixation. Similarly, mounting holes 8 are provided at the top end of the intermediate layer precast section 2, and anchor rods 7 are fixed at the bottom end of the top layer precast section 1. The anchor rods 7 are inserted into the mounting holes 8 and then grouted for fixation, achieving a detachable connection between the top layer precast section 1 and the intermediate layer precast section 2. Anchor rods 7 are fixed at the bottom end of the bottom layer precast section 3, and mounting holes 8 are provided at the top end of the cutting edge precast section 4. The anchor rods 7 are inserted into the mounting holes 8 and then grouted for fixation, achieving a detachable connection between the bottom layer precast section 3 and the cutting edge precast section 4. Of course, in this embodiment, any other detachable connection structure in the prior art can be selected between the top layer precast section 1 and the intermediate layer precast section 2, the intermediate layer precast section 2 and the bottom layer precast section 3, and the bottom layer precast section 3 and the cutting edge precast section 4.
[0039] The top of the top precast section 1, the middle precast section 2, the bottom precast section 3, and the cutting edge precast section 4 are all equipped with lifting holes 9 to facilitate lifting and construction. Figure 5 , 6 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, this embodiment only shows the lifting holes 9 on the intermediate layer prefabricated section 2 and the cutting edge prefabricated section 4, as shown in Figure 7. Figure 7As shown, the prefabricated cutting edge section 4 has twelve lifting holes 9. In this embodiment, the lifting holes 9 on the top prefabricated section 1 and the bottom prefabricated section 3 are not shown. Figure 8 , 9 The lifting hole 9 is not shown.
[0040] like Figure 1 , 10 As shown, the bottom prefabricated section 3 has a reserved hole 10 on the well wall for the jacking pipe 11 to pass through, which facilitates the construction of the jacking pipe 11.
[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the top prefabricated section 1, the middle prefabricated section 2, and the bottom prefabricated section 3 are all circular structures composed of multiple first arc-shaped tube segments 12 that can be detachably connected. Figure 4 The image shown is a 1 / 4 scale unfolded view of the tube segment of this embodiment. Figure 4 There are four first arc-shaped tube segments 12 on the top-layer precast section 1, four on the middle-layer precast section 2, and four on the bottom-layer precast section 3. In the complete embodiment, there are sixteen first arc-shaped tube segments 12 on the top-layer precast section 1, the middle-layer precast section 2, and the bottom-layer precast section 3. Specifically, adjacent first arc-shaped tube segments 12 on the same layer are detachably connected by anchor bolts 14. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, multiple anchor bolts 14 are provided on the connecting end face of one of the first arc-shaped segments 12. Here, the connecting end face refers to the left and right end faces of the first arc-shaped segment 12. Figure 5 , 6 There are four anchor bolts 14 on each of the left and right end faces, with the four anchor bolts 14 facing different directions. The anchor bolts 14 are used to connect two adjacent first arc-shaped tube segments 12 on the same layer. The method of using anchor bolts 14 to achieve a detachable connection is a prior art. Of course, any other detachable connection structure in the prior art can be selected between two adjacent first arc-shaped tube segments 12.
[0042] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, the first arc-shaped segment 12 is provided with a reserved grouting hole 15. If there is sediment at the bottom of the well during caisson preparation, grout can be injected through the grouting hole 15.
[0043] It should be noted that the shape of the prefabricated cutting edge section 4 is the same as that of the prior art. The difference is that, in this embodiment, the prefabricated cutting edge section 4 is a circular structure composed of multiple second arc-shaped tube segments 13 that are detachably connected. Figure 4 The second arc-shaped segment 13 on the precast section 4 of the middle cutting edge is provided with one, Figure 4 The image shown is a 1 / 4 scale unfolded view of the tube segment in this embodiment. In the complete embodiment, the prefabricated section 4 of the cutting edge has four second arc-shaped tube segments 13. See [link / reference]. Figure 7 .like Figure 8 , 9 As shown, adjacent second arc-shaped segments 13 are also detachably connected by anchor bolts 14. It should be noted that the number of first arc-shaped segments 12 and second arc-shaped segments 13 will vary depending on the actual diameter of the caisson.
[0044] The precast back wall 5 is made of reinforced concrete. During the construction of the jacking pipe 11, the precast back wall 5 is placed in the pipe. The top of the precast back wall 5 is also provided with a hoisting hole. After the jacking pipe 11 is completed, the precast back wall 5 is hoisted out through the hoisting hole. The precast back wall 5 can be reused, which reduces costs.
[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the sealing layer 6 comprises, from top to bottom, a reinforced concrete base slab 61, a concrete cushion layer, and a graded crushed stone cushion layer 63. Here, the concrete cushion layer is a C20 concrete cushion layer 62. In application, the thickness of the reinforced concrete base slab 61 is 500mm, the thickness of the C20 concrete cushion layer 62 is 100mm, and the maximum thickness of the graded crushed stone cushion layer 63 is 1300mm. These dimensions can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario. The function of the sealing layer is threefold: first, to protect the underlying soil and pipelines from damage; second, to effectively prevent soil erosion during the caisson sinking process and ensure the stability of the construction environment; and third, to provide stability to the caisson foundation and prevent the caisson from tilting or shifting. In this application, the sealing layer 6 achieves the above effects and, compared to using a completely concrete sealing layer, also reduces construction costs.
[0046] In this embodiment, the prefabricated top layer section 1, intermediate layer section 2, bottom layer section 3, and cutting edge section 4 are transported from the factory to the construction site for assembly. Then, a caisson is excavated. After the caisson has settled into place, the sealing layer 6 is laid, and the pipe jacking 11 operation begins. During the pipe jacking 11 construction, if... Figure 10 As shown, when constructing the left end of the jacking pipe 11, the precast back wall 5 is moved to the left end. Then, when constructing the right end of the jacking pipe 11, the precast back wall 5 is moved to the right end. It should be noted that during the construction of the jacking pipe 11, the jacks are positioned between the jacking pipe 11 and the precast back wall 5. This method is existing technology. Figure 10 The jack is not shown, so the prefabricated back wall 5 is in contact with the jacking pipe 11 for illustration only.
[0047] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A prefabricated assembled caisson structure, characterized in that, It includes a top precast section, an intermediate precast section, a bottom precast section, and a cutting edge precast section arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The top precast section and the intermediate precast section, the intermediate precast section and the bottom precast section, and the bottom precast section and the cutting edge precast section are all detachably connected. The bottom precast section has a reserved hole on its well wall for the jacking pipe to pass through. The top of the top precast section, the intermediate precast section, the bottom precast section, and the cutting edge precast section are all provided with lifting holes. It also includes prefabricated back wall and sealing layer; The precast back wall is made of reinforced concrete, and the top of the precast back wall is also equipped with hoisting holes; The sealing layer consists of, from top to bottom, a reinforced concrete base slab, a concrete cushion layer, and a graded crushed stone cushion layer.
2. The prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top-level precast section and the middle-level precast section, the middle-level precast section and the bottom-level precast section, and the bottom-level precast section and the cutting edge precast section are all detachably fixed by anchor bolts.
3. The prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top precast section, the middle precast section, the bottom precast section, and the cutting edge precast section are all made of C35 concrete.
4. A prefabricated caisson structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The top-layer prefabricated section, the middle-layer prefabricated section, and the bottom-layer prefabricated section are all circular structures composed of multiple first arc-shaped tube segments that can be detachably connected.
5. A prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Grouting holes are provided on the first arc-shaped segment.
6. A prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two adjacent first arc-shaped segments are detachably connected by anchor bolts.
7. A prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cutting edge prefabricated section is a circular structure composed of multiple second arc-shaped tube segments that can be detachably connected.
8. A prefabricated caisson structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two adjacent second arc-shaped segments are also detachably connected by anchor bolts.
9. A prefabricated caisson structure according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5-8, characterized in that, The concrete cushion layer is a C20 concrete cushion layer.