Battery testing device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a battery testing device, and relates to the field of batteries. The battery testing device is used for a phase change test of a single battery, and comprises a pressure sensor which is attached to one side of the single battery and is used for monitoring the pressure borne by the single battery; the fixing device is used for fixing the pressure sensor and the battery monomer; the fixing device and the pressure sensor are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole which are opposite; the ray emitting device is used for emitting X-rays, and the X-rays penetrate through the battery monomers through the first through holes and the second through holes. The testing device can improve the phase change detection efficiency of the single battery while taking the reliability into consideration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and more specifically, to a battery testing device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of battery technology, various battery performance characteristics are constantly improving. Before a battery is actually put into production and use, it often needs to undergo a variety of performance tests. Among these, the testing efficiency and reliability of the battery are particularly important. On the one hand, low testing efficiency may prolong the battery's development cycle. On the other hand, if the reliability of battery testing cannot be guaranteed, it will affect the quality of the battery.

[0003] Therefore, improving the efficiency and reliability of battery testing has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a battery testing device that can improve the efficiency and reliability of battery testing.

[0005] In a first aspect, a battery testing apparatus is provided, comprising: a pressure sensor attached to one side of a battery cell for monitoring the pressure exerted on the battery cell; a fixing device for fixing the pressure sensor and the battery cell; the fixing device and the pressure sensor are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; and a radiation emitting device for emitting X-rays, the X-rays passing through the first through hole and the second through hole and penetrating the battery cell.

[0006] In the embodiments of this application, corresponding through-hole structures are provided on the fixing device and the pressure sensor, respectively, which can enhance the penetration effect of X-rays, thereby enabling simultaneous detection of the phase transition state of the electrodes and electrolytes. This design not only improves the efficiency of battery testing but also contributes to the reliability of the test results.

[0007] In some implementations, the fixing device includes a first fixing plate and a second fixing plate; wherein the first fixing plate is disposed on the side of the pressure sensor away from the battery cell, and the second fixing plate is disposed on the side of the battery cell away from the pressure sensor; the first through hole includes a first sub-hole disposed on the first fixing plate 131 and a second sub-hole disposed on the second fixing plate 132; the battery testing device further includes a first filling layer, which fills the first sub-hole and the second through hole and is attached to the battery cell.

[0008] In the embodiments of this application, the pressure sensor and the battery cell can be fixed by the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate. Furthermore, the first filling layer provided in the first sub-hole and the second through hole facilitates a uniform and effective pressure distribution around the second through hole, which helps in the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0009] In some implementations, the first sub-hole and the first filling layer are provided with matching stepped structures; wherein, the end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole is provided with a recessed structure, the recessed structure being used to accommodate the first filling layer, such that the end of the first filling layer away from the second through hole is accommodated at the end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole.

[0010] In the embodiments of this application, matching stepped structures are provided in the first sub-hole and the first filling layer, and a recessed structure is designed in the first fixing plate, which is beneficial to the connection between the first fixing plate and the battery cell.

[0011] In some implementations, the battery testing apparatus further includes a second filling layer that fills the second sub-hole and is attached to the battery cell.

[0012] In the embodiments of this application, by further providing a second filling layer, it is beneficial to make the pressure distribution around the second sub-hole more uniform, which can promote the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0013] In some implementations, the second sub-hole and the second filling layer are provided with matching stepped structures; wherein, the end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell is provided with a recessed structure, the recessed structure being used to accommodate the second filling layer, such that the end of the second filling layer near the battery cell is accommodated in the end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell.

[0014] In the embodiments of this application, matching stepped structures are provided in the second sub-hole and the second filling layer, and a recessed structure is designed for the second fixing plate, which is beneficial to the connection between the second fixing plate and the battery cell.

[0015] In some implementations, the materials of the first and second filler layers include beryllium.

[0016] In the embodiments of this application, beryllium's high transmittance not only reduces external interference but also facilitates X-ray penetration, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery testing device. Furthermore, beryllium possesses a high melting point and high modulus, which allows it to maintain structural stability and strength even at high temperatures. Therefore, selecting beryllium as the material for both the first and second filler layers achieves X-ray transmission while simultaneously enhancing the structural stability of the battery testing device.

[0017] In some implementations, the thickness d of the pressure sensor satisfies: d≤0.5mm.

[0018] In the embodiments of this application, for the battery testing device, an excessively thick pressure sensor not only affects the X-ray penetration effect but is also easily damaged when pressure is applied. Therefore, controlling its thickness d within this range can achieve X-ray penetration while also improving the stability of the pressure sensor during testing, thereby extending its service life.

[0019] In some implementations, the pressure sensor includes a thin-film pressure sensor.

[0020] In the embodiments of this application, a thin-film pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure of the battery. Its dense collection points are conducive to conforming to the actual working conditions of the battery, thereby effectively characterizing the pressure distribution of the battery.

[0021] In some implementations, the X-rays include transmitted X-rays.

[0022] In the embodiments of this application, the radiation emitting device uses transmitted X-rays, which can improve the penetration capability of X-rays.

[0023] In some implementations, a voltage regulating device is also included, which is used to regulate the pressure of the battery cell.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, the pressure regulating device can be combined with a pressure sensor to adjust the pressure of a single battery cell to the required pressure value, thereby promoting the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0025] In some implementations, the pressure regulating device includes a threaded connector that connects the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate to apply adjustable pressure to the battery cell.

[0026] In the embodiments of this application, the threaded connector is characterized by easy installation, convenient disassembly, and low cost, and it can adjust pressure and provide mechanical connection, making it suitable for various applications. Furthermore, the adjustable pressure range of the threaded connector is more suitable for the pressure range required by individual battery cells.

[0027] In some implementations, the pressure regulating device includes four threaded connectors, which are evenly arranged around the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate.

[0028] In the embodiments of this application, the number of threaded connectors directly affects the connection strength. Selecting an appropriate number of connectors ensures sufficient strength at the connection to withstand the workload, reducing connection failure due to excessive pressure, while also minimizing increased costs and installation complexity caused by an excessive number of connectors. Furthermore, a reasonable distribution of connectors contributes to uniform pressure distribution. Providing threaded connectors around the first and second fixing plates not only enhances structural stability but also facilitates installation and disassembly. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery testing device in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first filling layer in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second filling layer in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the voltage regulating device in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the battery testing apparatus according to another embodiment of this application is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the battery testing apparatus according to another embodiment of this application is shown;

[0036] Figure 8 A top view of the battery cell and electrochemical workstation in the embodiments of this application is shown;

[0037] Figure 9 A top view of the pressure sensor and wireless data collector in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0038] Figure label:

[0039] 1-Battery testing device; 11-Battery cell; 111-Positive electrode; 112-Electrolyte; 113-Negative electrode; 12-Pressure sensor; 13-Fixing device; 131-First fixing plate; 132-Second fixing plate; 14-First filling layer; 15-Second filling layer; 16-Voltage regulating device; 17-Electrochemical workstation; 18-Wireless data collector.

[0040] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0044] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0047] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0048] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, all embodiments and optional embodiments of this application can be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, all technical features and optional technical features of this application may be combined to form new technical solutions.

[0051] In this embodiment of the application, the battery cell can be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be recharged to activate the active materials and continue to be used after the battery cell has been discharged.

[0052] In this application embodiment, the battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application embodiment is not limited to this. The battery cell can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, and this application embodiment is not limited to this either.

[0053] In embodiments of this application, the battery cell includes at least one of a pouch cell, a stacked cell, or a button cell. The button cell's casing includes a through-hole structure for X-rays to pass through. This enables phase transition detection of the battery cell using an X-ray emitting device.

[0054] A single battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly, which consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The battery cell primarily functions by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes.

[0055] The positive electrode includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector, and the positive current collector without the positive active material layer protrudes from the positive current collector with the positive active material layer. The positive current collector without the positive active material layer serves as the positive electrode tab. Taking a lithium-ion battery as an example, the material of the positive current collector can be aluminum, and the positive active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc.

[0056] The negative electrode includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer. The negative active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative current collector, and the negative current collector without the negative active material layer protrudes from the negative current collector with the negative active material layer. The negative current collector without the negative active material layer serves as the negative electrode tab. The material of the negative current collector can be copper, and the negative active material can be carbon, silicon, lithium metal, or lithium alloy, etc.

[0057] To ensure that a large current can be carried without melting, multiple positive electrode tabs are stacked together, and multiple negative electrode tabs are stacked together. The separator can be made of polypropylene (PP) or polyethylene (PE), etc. Furthermore, the electrode assemblies in the embodiments of this application include, but are not limited to, wound or stacked structures.

[0058] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not impose specific limitations on the type of electrolyte; it can be selected according to requirements. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0059] Liquid electrolytes include electrolyte salts and solvents.

[0060] Currently, judging from market trends, the application of power batteries is becoming increasingly widespread. Power batteries are not only used in energy storage systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric cars, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of power battery applications, market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0061] With the continuous advancement of battery technology, its various performance indicators are also constantly improving. Before a battery is officially put into production and market application, it usually needs to undergo a variety of performance evaluation tests. Among these tests, electrochemical processes during the charge-discharge cycle affect the structural stability of battery materials. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the internal electrochemical processes of the battery in order to monitor and evaluate changes in battery structure.

[0062] To address the aforementioned issues, related technologies employ in-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) systems to detect structural changes in batteries during charge and discharge. However, typical in-situ XRD systems have low detection efficiency; for example, a single test cannot simultaneously detect phase transitions in both electrodes and electrolytes. Furthermore, X-ray penetration through individual battery cells may be hindered by the test mold, affecting the penetration effect. Therefore, improving the efficiency of battery testing equipment while maintaining reliability is a pressing issue.

[0063] In view of this, this application provides a battery testing device, comprising: a pressure sensor attached to one side of a battery cell for monitoring the pressure on the battery cell; a fixing device for fixing the pressure sensor and the battery cell; the fixing device and the pressure sensor are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; and an X-ray emitting device for emitting X-rays, the X-rays passing through the first through hole and the second through hole to penetrate the battery cell.

[0064] In the above technical solution, since the performance of the battery depends on the tightness of the contact between the electrode and the electrolyte interface, applying appropriate pressure is beneficial to the normal operation of the battery. Therefore, monitoring the pressure on the battery using a pressure sensor can improve the reliability of the testing process. Furthermore, by setting opposing through-hole structures on the fixing device and the pressure sensor, the penetration effect of X-rays is enhanced, and the phase transition of the electrodes and electrolyte can be detected simultaneously. Therefore, the battery testing device in this embodiment not only improves the battery testing efficiency but also enhances the reliability of the testing process.

[0065] The battery testing apparatus of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery testing device 1 in an embodiment of this application is shown. The battery testing device 1 is used for phase change testing of a single battery cell 11, and includes a pressure sensor 12, a fixing device 13, and a radiation emitting device.

[0067] Specifically, the pressure sensor 12 is attached to one side of the battery cell 11 to monitor the pressure on the battery cell 11.

[0068] In some embodiments, the thickness d of the pressure sensor 12 satisfies: d ≤ 0.5 mm. For the battery testing apparatus 1, if the thickness of the pressure sensor 12 is too thick, it will not only affect the penetration of X-rays, but may also damage its material when pressure is applied. Therefore, setting the thickness d of the pressure sensor 12 within this range is beneficial to the penetration effect of X-rays, and at the same time, it can promote the stability of the pressure sensor 12 during the testing process, thereby extending its service life.

[0069] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 12 includes at least one of a thin-film pressure sensor, a metal pressure sensor, a semiconductor pressure sensor, and a ceramic pressure sensor.

[0070] The thin-film pressure sensor utilizes thin-film technology to create a pressure sensor that converts the mechanical pressure acting on the device into a measurable electrical signal. Because the thin-film pressure sensor has a relatively dense collection of data points, it is advantageous for aligning with the actual operating conditions of the battery. Simultaneously, the thin-film pressure sensor can characterize the pressure distribution of the individual battery cells 11, thereby improving the reliability of the battery testing device 1.

[0071] Metal pressure sensors typically utilize the elastic deformation of metallic materials to sense pressure. Due to the excellent mechanical properties of metals, such as high strength and high toughness, metal pressure sensors can withstand a wide pressure range and exhibit good stability in various application environments.

[0072] Semiconductor pressure sensors utilize the piezoresistive effect of semiconductor materials, meaning that the resistance of the material changes when pressure is applied. They are typically made of silicon and can integrate multiple functions, such as temperature compensation.

[0073] Ceramic pressure sensors are made of ceramic materials. They have good insulation and corrosion resistance, as well as good thermal stability. However, ceramic materials are brittle and have poor impact resistance, making them easily damaged when subjected to large impact forces.

[0074] In the battery testing device 1, a suitable pressure sensor 12 can be used according to the specific needs and scenarios of the pressure test.

[0075] In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 12 includes a thin-film pressure sensor. This allows it to closely match the actual operating conditions of the battery, thereby further improving the reliability of the battery testing device 1.

[0076] In some embodiments, the thin-film pressure sensor includes at least one of a silicon-based pressure sensor, a capacitive pressure sensor, a resistive pressure sensor, and a piezoelectric pressure sensor. Silicon-based pressure sensors utilize the piezoresistive effect of single-crystal silicon material and are fabricated using integrated circuit-related processing techniques, featuring small size, low power consumption, and high reliability. Capacitive pressure sensors enable non-contact measurement and have low dielectric loss, allowing for higher frequency power supply and thus higher operating frequencies. They also feature high sensitivity, high dynamic response, minimal natural effects, and good environmental adaptability. Resistive pressure sensors convert pressure into changes in resistance, offering advantages such as simple structure, low cost, ease of mass production, and high linearity. Piezoelectric thin-film sensors exhibit high sensitivity to minute pressure changes and can accurately detect subtle changes in physical quantities, offering high sensitivity, fast response, high resolution, and no need for an external power supply.

[0077] In the application scenario of battery testing device 1, a suitable pressure sensor 12 can be selected according to actual usage requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0078] In some embodiments, the fixing device 13 is used to fix the pressure sensor 12 and the battery cell 11.

[0079] In some embodiments, a first through hole and a second through hole are respectively provided on the fixing device 13 and the pressure sensor 12. For the battery testing device 1, the fixing device 13 and the pressure sensor 12 affect the penetrability of X-rays. By providing the first through hole and the second through hole, it is beneficial to enhance the penetration effect of X-rays on the battery cell 11, realize the simultaneous detection of the phase transition state of the electrode and the electrolyte, and thus improve the efficiency of phase transition detection of the battery cell 11.

[0080] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the pressure monitoring of the battery cell 11 corresponding to the second through hole provided by the pressure sensor 12 is replaced by the average pressure of all effective pressure areas of the pressure sensor 12.

[0081] Specifically, the pressure values ​​of all sensor units in the effective monitoring area of ​​pressure sensor 12 are first monitored, and the pressure values ​​of all sensor units are summed. Then, the total pressure value obtained by summing is divided by the number of sensor units in the effective monitoring area to obtain the average pressure value. This average pressure value is used as the pressure value of the battery cell 11 corresponding to the second through-hole section. In this way, pressure monitoring can be achieved not only through transmitted X-rays but also in the second through-hole section.

[0082] In some embodiments, the radiation emitting device is used to emit X-rays, which pass through a first through-hole and a second through-hole to penetrate the battery cell 11.

[0083] In some embodiments, the X-ray emitting device includes an in-situ transmission XRD system. The in-situ transmission XRD system has strong penetrating power and is used to perform phase transition analysis on the battery cell 11.

[0084] In some embodiments, the target material of the X-ray emitting device includes a molybdenum target. Specifically, the X-ray source excited by the molybdenum target mainly produces two types of X-rays: Kα lines and Kβ lines. The Kα lines have an energy of approximately 17.48 keV and a wavelength of approximately [missing information]. The energy of the Kβ line is approximately 19.61 keV, and its wavelength is approximately... Therefore, a molybdenum target is chosen because it emits high-energy X-rays with strong penetrating power, enabling it to penetrate light elements and thin-layer materials. Furthermore, the wavelength of the Kα line is suitable for crystal structure analysis. This is because it provides clear diffraction patterns, which is beneficial for determining the crystal structure and phase composition of materials.

[0085] In some embodiments, the X-rays include transmitted X-rays. Transmitted X-rays can improve the penetrability of X-rays in a radiation emitting device. For the battery testing apparatus 1, a suitable X-ray can be selected according to the actual testing requirements.

[0086] In some embodiments, the minimum radial dimension of the first through-hole and the second through-hole is not less than the radial dimension of the light spot of the X-ray emitting device. For the battery testing device 1, the minimum radial dimension of the first through-hole and the second through-hole depends on the radial dimension of the light spot of the X-ray emitting device. By setting the minimum radial dimension of the first through-hole and the second through-hole to be not less than the radial dimension of the light spot of the X-ray emitting device, the light spot can completely penetrate the battery cell 11, thereby maximizing the penetration effect.

[0087] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first filling layer 14 in an embodiment of this application is shown. The fixing device 13 includes a first fixing plate 131 and a second fixing plate 132; wherein, the first fixing plate 131 is disposed on the side of the pressure sensor 12 away from the battery cell 11, and the second fixing plate 132 is disposed on the side of the battery cell 11 away from the pressure sensor 12; the first through hole includes a first sub-hole disposed on the first fixing plate 131 and a second sub-hole disposed on the second fixing plate 132; the battery testing device 1 also includes a first filling layer 14, which fills the first through hole and the second through hole of the first fixing plate 131 and is attached to the battery cell 11.

[0088] It should be noted that the materials of the first fixing plate 131 and the second fixing plate 132 in this embodiment are not particularly limited. For example, glass plates, plastic plates, metal plates, ceramic plates, etc., are not limited in this application. The materials of the first fixing plate 131 and the second fixing plate 132 can be the same or different, and this application does not limit this either. For example, steel plates can be selected as the material for either the first fixing plate 131 or the second fixing plate 132 to fix the pressure sensor 12 and the battery cell 11. In practical applications, the selection of the materials for the first fixing plate 131 and the second fixing plate 132 depends on factors such as the required mechanical strength, stability, wear resistance, and cost during the testing process. In the above embodiment, the first filling layer 14 facilitates the application of effective and uniform pressure to the second through-hole positions around the battery cell 11, thereby promoting the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0089] In some embodiments, see continue to see Figure 2The first sub-hole and the first filling layer 14 are provided with matching stepped structures; wherein, the end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole is provided with a recessed structure, which is used to accommodate the first filling layer 14, so that the end of the first filling layer 14 away from the second through hole is accommodated in the end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole. In this way, the matching stepped structures of the first sub-hole and the first filling layer 14 enable a stable connection between the first fixing plate 131 and the battery cell 11.

[0090] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second filling layer 15 in an embodiment of this application is shown. The battery testing device 1 further includes the second filling layer 15, which fills the second sub-hole and is attached to the battery cell 11. By providing the second filling layer 15, it is beneficial to apply effective and uniform pressure to the first through-hole position around the battery cell 11, thereby further promoting the charging and discharging process of the battery.

[0091] In some embodiments, the second sub-hole and the second filling layer 15 are provided with matching stepped structures; wherein, the end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell 11 is provided with a recessed structure, the recessed structure being used to accommodate the second filling layer 15, such that the end of the second filling layer 15 near the battery cell 11 is accommodated within the end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell 11. Thus, by providing matching stepped structures for the second sub-hole and the second filling layer 15, a stable connection can be established between the first fixing plate 131 and the battery cell 11.

[0092] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, the height of the step structure is less than the thickness of the corresponding first fixing plate 131 and second fixing plate 132. Specifically, the first sub-hole and the first filling layer 14 are provided with matching step structures, the height of which is less than the thickness of the first fixing plate 131; the second sub-hole and the second filling layer 15 are provided with matching step structures, the height of which is less than the thickness of the second fixing plate 132.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, the first filling layer 14 and the second filling layer 15 are made of materials with high transmittance and low deformation. The high transmittance of the material facilitates X-ray penetration, thereby enabling phase change detection of the battery cell 11. Simultaneously, selecting materials that are not easily deformed helps maintain the stability and structural integrity of the battery testing device 1 during long-term testing. This reduces the impact of deformation on the accuracy of test results, thereby improving data reliability.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first filler layer 14 and the second filler layer 15 are made of beryllium. This material has high transmittance, which effectively reduces interference from the external environment while allowing transmitted X-rays to pass through, thus facilitating the normal operation of the battery testing device 1. Furthermore, beryllium has a high melting point and modulus, which allows it to maintain structural stability and strength even at high temperatures, making it suitable for various applications. Therefore, choosing beryllium as the material for the first filler layer 14 and the second filler layer 15 not only facilitates X-ray penetration but also maintains the structural stability of the battery testing device 1.

[0095] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the voltage regulating device 16 in an embodiment of this application is shown. The battery testing device 1 also includes a voltage regulating device 16, which is used to regulate the pressure of the battery cell 11. Specifically, the voltage regulating device 16, in conjunction with the pressure sensor 12, sets the pressure of the battery cell 11 to a desired pressure value to achieve the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 11.

[0096] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating device 16 includes a threaded connector that connects a first fixing plate 131 and a second fixing plate 132 to apply adjustable pressure to the battery cell 11. The threaded connector is characterized by easy installation, convenient disassembly, and cost-effectiveness. It not only regulates pressure but also provides a stable mechanical connection, ensuring the sealing and durability of the connection. Furthermore, the pressure range adjustable by the threaded connector is more suitable for the pressure range required by the battery cell 11 during charging and discharging.

[0097] Investigating the phase transformation of the battery under different pressures during the charge and discharge process of cell 11 is of great significance for guiding downstream processes. Specifically, this research can measure the structural changes of battery materials under electrochemical influences. By applying external pressure, the stress distribution and electrochemical reaction kinetics within the battery can be affected, thereby impacting battery performance and lifespan. For example, appropriate pressure can improve the battery's cycle stability and capacity retention, while excessively high or low pressures can lead to rapid performance degradation. For lithium metal batteries, pressure also has a significant impact on the performance of the lithium metal anode, promoting dense lithium deposition and thus improving the battery's coulombic efficiency and cycle stability. Therefore, by studying the phase transformation under different pressure conditions, battery design can be optimized, manufacturing processes improved, and overall battery performance enhanced.

[0098] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating device 16 includes four threaded connectors, which are evenly distributed around the first fixing plate 131 and the second fixing plate 132. On one hand, the number of threaded connectors directly affects the strength of the connection. Choosing an appropriate number of threaded connectors helps the connection to have sufficient strength to withstand the workload, reducing connection failure due to excessive pressure, and also helps reduce increased cost and installation complexity due to an excessive number of connectors. On the other hand, the distribution of threaded connectors affects the uniformity of pressure distribution. For example, uneven distribution of threaded connectors may cause excessive pressure in local areas, thereby affecting the stability of the entire battery testing device 1. Furthermore, providing threaded connectors around the first fixing plate 131 and the second fixing plate 132 also facilitates the installation and disassembly process.

[0099] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cell 11 in an embodiment of this application is shown. The battery cell 11 may include a positive electrode 111, an electrolyte 112, and a negative electrode 113, as indicated by the boxes in the battery cell 11. It should be noted that the different sizes of the boxes in the battery cell 11 are only for distinguishing the electrodes and electrolyte 112 from other test objects, and do not limit the position, order, or content of the test objects. Through this design, X-rays can directly penetrate the battery cell 11, thereby achieving simultaneous phase transition detection of the electrodes and electrolyte 112.

[0100] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the battery testing apparatus 1 according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 6 As shown, a first filling layer 14 is disposed within a first through hole and a second through hole. The radial dimension of the first filling layer 14 at the end near the battery cell 11 within the first sub-hole is larger than the radial dimension at the end away from the battery cell 11. This allows the first filling layer 14 to be accommodated within the first sub-hole at the end near the second through hole. This increases the strength of the voltage regulating device 16, enabling it to apply greater pressure to the battery cell 11 to meet a wider range of application requirements.

[0101] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, the larger size of the first filler layer 14 increases the cost of the filler layer material. Furthermore, choosing a thicker first filler layer 14 may affect the X-ray penetration effect. Therefore, in different application scenarios of the battery testing device 1, a suitable structure for the first filler layer 14 can be designed according to actual needs.

[0102] It should be understood that in the above technical solution, the total thickness of the first filling layer 14 within the first through hole can be no greater than the thickness of the first fixing plate 131, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. In actual application scenarios, the appropriate thickness of the first filling layer 14 can be selected according to the specific requirements of the battery cell 11.

[0103] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the battery testing apparatus 1 according to another embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 7 As shown, the second filling layer 15 is disposed at one end near the battery cell 11, and its radial dimension is larger than the radial dimension of the third through hole at the end away from the battery cell 11. The second filling layer 15 is accommodated at the end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell 11. In this way, the amount of material required for the second filling layer 15 can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall cost.

[0104] Figure 8 A top view of the battery cell 11 and the electrochemical workstation 17 in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 8 As shown, the battery cell 11 is connected to the electrochemical workstation 17. The electrochemical workstation 17, through various electrochemical testing techniques, can provide data for battery performance analysis and state monitoring during battery charging and discharging. The battery testing device 1 of this application, used in conjunction with the electrochemical workstation 17, can monitor the phase transition of the electrodes and electrolyte 112 in situ during charging and discharging.

[0105] Figure 9 A top view of the pressure sensor 12 and the wireless data collector 18 in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 9 As shown, the battery testing device 1 also includes a wireless data collector 18 for collecting pressure data from the individual battery cells 11. Specifically, the wireless data collector 18 can collect pressure data from the pressure sensor 12, which helps to improve the efficiency and convenience of data acquisition.

[0106] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery testing device, characterized in that, include: A pressure sensor (12) is attached to one side of the battery cell (11) to monitor the pressure on the battery cell (11); Fixing device (13) for fixing the pressure sensor (12) and the battery cell (11); The fixing device (13) and the pressure sensor (12) are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; An X-ray emitting device for emitting X-rays, which penetrate the battery cell (11) through the first through hole and the second through hole.

2. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing device (13) includes a first fixing plate (131) and a second fixing plate (132); The first fixing plate (131) is disposed on the side of the pressure sensor (12) away from the battery cell (11), and the second fixing plate (132) is disposed on the side of the battery cell (11) away from the pressure sensor (12). The first through hole includes a first sub-hole disposed on the first fixing plate (131) and a second sub-hole disposed on the second fixing plate (132); The battery testing device further includes a first filling layer (14), which fills the first sub-hole and the second through hole and is attached to the battery cell (11).

3. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sub-hole and the first filling layer (14) are provided with matching stepped structures; Wherein, a recessed structure is provided at one end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole, the recessed structure being used to accommodate the first filling layer (14), such that the end of the first filling layer (14) away from the second through hole is accommodated at the end of the first sub-hole near the second through hole.

4. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery testing device further includes a second filling layer (15), which fills the second sub-hole and is attached to the battery cell (11).

5. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second sub-hole and the second filling layer (15) are provided with matching stepped structures; Wherein, a recessed structure is provided at one end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell (11), the recessed structure being used to accommodate the second filling layer (15), such that one end of the second filling layer (15) near the battery cell (11) is accommodated at one end of the second sub-hole near the battery cell (11).

6. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The materials of the first filling layer (14) and the second filling layer (15) include beryllium.

7. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thickness d of the pressure sensor (12) satisfies: d≤0.5mm.

8. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (12) includes a thin-film pressure sensor.

9. The battery testing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The X-rays include transmitted X-rays.

10. The battery testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It also includes a voltage regulating device (16) for regulating the pressure of the battery cell (11).

11. The battery testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The pressure regulating device (16) includes a threaded connector that connects the first fixing plate (131) and the second fixing plate (132) to apply adjustable pressure to the battery cell (11).

12. The battery testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The pressure regulating device (16) includes four threaded connectors, which are evenly arranged around the first fixing plate (131) and the second fixing plate (132).

Images