Sound wave intensity detection instrument for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock

Abstract

The utility model provides a sound wave intensity detection instrument for in-situ unidirectional compression of rocks, which belongs to the technical field of sound wave detection and comprises a mounting frame, a pressure mechanism and a sound wave detection component. The pressure mechanism comprises a linear driving part and a pressure applying component, the linear driving part is longitudinally arranged on the mounting frame, and the pressure applying component is mounted at the driving end of the lower part of the linear driving part; the sound wave detection assembly comprises two sound detection pipes arranged at the lower part of the mounting frame, the lower ends of the two sound detection pipes are respectively inserted into preformed holes formed in the rock to be detected, the lower ends of the two sound detection pipes are respectively and oppositely provided with a sound wave transmitting unit and a sound wave receiving unit, and the sound wave transmitting unit and the sound wave receiving unit are connected with a data output unit. According to the sound wave intensity detection instrument for in-situ one-way compression of the rock, the development condition of rock cracks is explored by utilizing sound emission signals generated in the fracturing process of the rock and the decay change condition of ultrasonic waves, and the sound emission instrument and the ultrasonic wave transmission instrument can be integrated by combining the sound emission signals and the ultrasonic wave decay change condition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to acoustic wave detection technical field, more specifically, relate to a kind of acoustic wave detection intensity instrument of in situ unidirectional compression rock. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the rock strength research test, the test about the relationship between crack development and rock strength is less than tension, compression, bending and shear test. The method of studying rock crack development is roughly divided into two kinds: one is to simulate compression in the laboratory by self-made model test piece similar to rock strength, and the other is to compress the rock test piece in the outdoor and then in the indoor.

[0003] Among them, the former uses 3D printing model and chamber to simulate surrounding rock, and uses camera to observe rock crack development law. The latter uses 3D printing core model to simulate, and uses high-speed camera to shoot rock crack development rate. Both of them need to prepare samples in the laboratory during the research process. The former rock has microcrack expansion from outdoor mining to indoor transportation, which leads to inconsistent data with the actual situation. The latter rock test piece does not consider the compaction stage of rock crack during preparation, that is, the small cracks in the rock cannot be accurately simulated. The precision of the camera for monitoring rock crack development is not high, and the difference is large. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of acoustic wave detection intensity instrument of in situ unidirectional compression rock, which uses acoustic emission signal and ultrasonic decay change generated in the process of rock fracturing to explore rock crack development, and realizes the integration of acoustic emission and ultrasonic transmission instrument.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of providing a kind of acoustic wave detection intensity instrument of in situ unidirectional compression rock, comprising:

[0006] mounting frame, the lower end of the mounting frame is fixed on the rock to be measured;

[0007] pressure mechanism, the pressure mechanism includes linear drive and pressure applying member, the linear drive is longitudinally arranged on the mounting frame, the pressure applying member is installed on the driving end of the lower part of the linear drive, and the linear drive is used to drive the pressure applying member to abut on the upper surface of the rock to be measured and gradually apply pressure;

[0008] acoustic wave detection assembly, the acoustic wave detection assembly includes two acoustic measuring tubes arranged at the lower part of the mounting frame, the lower ends of the two acoustic measuring tubes are respectively inserted into the reserved holes opened on the rock to be measured, the lower ends of the two acoustic measuring tubes are respectively provided with acoustic wave emitting unit and acoustic wave receiving unit, and the acoustic wave emitting unit and the acoustic wave receiving unit are connected with data output unit.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the mounting frame comprises:

[0010] a plurality of mounting rods, the plurality of mounting rods are longitudinally arranged and have lower ends fixed on the rock to be measured, and upper ends of the acoustic tube are mounted on lower portions of the mounting rods;

[0011] an upper pressing plate, the upper pressing plate is horizontally mounted on upper portions of the plurality of mounting rods, and the linear drive is mounted on a lower end surface of the upper pressing plate;

[0012] a lower pressing plate, the lower pressing plate is horizontally mounted on lower portions of the plurality of mounting rods, and a driving end of a lower portion of the linear drive penetrates the lower pressing plate.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the number of the mounting rods is four and the mounting rods are arranged in a matrix, and the acoustic wave emitting unit and the acoustic wave receiving unit of the same group of acoustic wave detection assemblies are arranged on two mounting rods distributed on diagonal lines.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the acoustic wave emitting unit and the acoustic wave receiving unit of the same group of acoustic wave detection assemblies are of the same height, and the acoustic wave emitting unit and the acoustic wave receiving unit of different groups of acoustic wave detection assemblies are of different heights.

[0015] In a possible implementation, lower portions of the plurality of mounting rods further horizontally mount a limiting plate, and a middle portion of the limiting plate is provided with a limiting hole for the driving end of the linear drive to pass through.

[0016] In a possible implementation, an upper end of the acoustic tube is provided with an adjusting sleeve, the adjusting sleeve is sleeved on the lower portion of the mounting rod, and the adjusting sleeve moves along an axial direction of the mounting rod to adjust a depth of the lower end of the acoustic tube inserted into the reserved hole.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the lower portion of the mounting rod is provided with a plurality of positioning teeth in an axial direction, and one side of the adjusting sleeve is provided with a rotating locking block, the rotating locking block rotationally locks the positioning teeth to position the adjusting sleeve on the lower portion of the mounting rod.

[0018] In a possible implementation, a lower end of the mounting rod is provided with a fixed anchor rod, and the fixed anchor rod is used for anchoring on the rock to be measured.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the linear drive is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the pressure applying member is a cylindrical rod body, and a lower end of the cylindrical rod body has a spherical pressure applying end.

[0021] The in-situ one-way compression rock acoustic wave detection strength instrument has the advantages that, compared with the prior art, the mounting frame is fixed on the rock to be detected through the lower end thereof, and the reserved holes are punched in the area below the mounting frame on the upper surface of the rock to be detected; the acoustic wave detection assembly is installed on the lower part of the mounting frame, the lower ends of the two acoustic measuring pipes of the acoustic wave detection assembly are respectively inserted into the corresponding reserved holes, the parts of the two acoustic measuring pipes inserted into the reserved holes are respectively provided with the opposite acoustic wave emitting unit and acoustic wave receiving unit, and the acoustic wave emitting unit and acoustic wave receiving unit are connected with the data output unit; the linear driving element installed on the mounting frame is provided with the pressure applying member on the lower end of the driving end, the linear driving element drives the pressure applying member to abut against the upper surface of the rock to be detected and gradually apply pressure, so that the in-situ one-way compression of the rock to be detected is formed, the rock is broken to generate cracks, the acoustic emission signals are generated in the development process of the cracks, the acoustic wave emitting unit and acoustic wave receiving unit detect the frequency, energy and wave speed of the acoustic emission signals, and synchronously feed back to the data output unit. The in-situ one-way compression rock acoustic wave detection strength instrument can explore the rock crack development condition by using the acoustic emission signals and ultrasonic wave decay changes generated in the fracturing process of the rock, and the acoustic emission and ultrasonic wave transmission instrument integration can be realized by the combination of the two. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the in-situ one-way compression rock acoustic wave detection strength instrument provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 2 The connection structure view of the acoustic measuring pipe and the mounting rod provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 3 The structure schematic view of the acoustic wave emitting unit and acoustic wave receiving unit arranged in the reserved hole provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0026] In the figure: 1, mounting rod; 2, upper pressing plate; 3, lower pressing plate; 4, linear driving element; 5, pressure applying end; 6, limiting plate; 7, acoustic measuring pipe; 8, adjusting sleeve; 9, positioning tooth; 10, rotating lock block; 11, anchor rod; 12, acoustic wave emitting unit; 13, acoustic wave receiving unit; 14, data output unit; 15, reserved hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model clearer and more apparent, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0028] Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the use of the terms "first", "second" or "third" etc. is merely intended to differentiate different objects, and is not intended to describe a specific order.

[0029] Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the use of terms such as "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "high", "low" etc. indicates the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely intended to facilitate the description of the utility model and simplify the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the utility model.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 1 , now a kind of in situ one-way compression rock's acoustic wave detection intensity instrument provided by the utility model will be described.A kind of in situ one-way compression rock's acoustic wave detection intensity instrument, including mounting bracket, pressure mechanism and acoustic wave detection component.

[0031] The lower end of the mounting bracket is fixed on the rock to be measured;The pressure mechanism includes a linear drive 4 and a pressure member, the linear drive 4 is longitudinally arranged on the mounting bracket, the pressure member is installed on the driving end of the lower part of the linear drive 4, and the linear drive 4 is used to drive the pressure member to abut against the upper surface of the rock to be measured and gradually apply pressure;The acoustic wave detection component includes two acoustic measuring tubes 7 arranged at the lower part of the mounting bracket, the lower ends of the two acoustic measuring tubes 7 are respectively inserted into the reserved holes 15 opened on the rock to be measured, the lower ends of the two acoustic measuring tubes 7 are respectively provided with a sound wave emitting unit 12 and a sound wave receiving unit 13, and the sound wave emitting unit 12 and the sound wave receiving unit 13 are connected with a data output unit 14.

[0032] The utility model provides a kind of acoustic detection intensity instrument of in situ one-way compression rock, compared with prior art, mounting bracket is fixed on the rock to be measured by its lower end, and preformed hole 15 is punched in the area of the upper surface of the rock to be measured below mounting bracket.In the lower part of mounting bracket, acoustic detection assembly is installed, the lower end of two acoustic measuring tubes 7 of acoustic detection assembly is inserted into corresponding preformed hole 15 respectively, the part of two acoustic measuring tubes 7 inserted into preformed hole 15 is respectively installed with opposite acoustic emission unit 12 and acoustic receiving unit 13, and acoustic emission unit 12 and acoustic receiving unit 13 are connected with data output unit 14.Linear drive 4 is installed on mounting bracket, and the driving end of lower end is installed with pressure applying member, linear drive 4 drives pressure applying member to abut on the upper surface of the rock to be measured and gradually press, so as to form in situ one-way compression to the rock to be measured, and fracture is generated in rock rupture, and acoustic emission signal is generated in the development process of fracture, and acoustic emission unit 12 and acoustic receiving unit 13 form detection to acoustic emission signal frequency, energy and wave velocity, and are fed back to data output unit 14 synchronously.The acoustic detection intensity instrument of in situ one-way compression rock provided by the utility model uses acoustic emission signal and ultrasonic wave decay change generated in the fracturing process of rock to explore the development of rock fracture, and the combination of the two can realize the integration of acoustic emission and ultrasonic wave transmission instrument.

[0033] It is worth noting that: acoustic emission unit 12 and acoustic receiving unit 13 are respectively the core components in ultrasonic equipment.Acoustic emission unit 12 is based on piezoelectric effect or magnetostrictive effect, which converts electrical energy into acoustic energy.Acoustic receiving unit 13 is also based on piezoelectric effect or magnetostrictive effect, but the process is opposite to acoustic emission unit 12, which receives ultrasonic wave and converts acoustic energy into electrical energy.Data output unit 14 is a comprehensive instrument with ultrasonic data display and pressure data display functions.It can drive ultrasonic probe to emit ultrasonic signal, receive reflected ultrasonic signal and process, and also can be connected with pressure device to obtain pressure data, and output these data in suitable form.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 , mounting bracket includes a plurality of mounting rods 1, upper pressing plate 2 and lower pressing plate 3.A plurality of mounting rods 1 are longitudinally arranged, and the lower end is fixed on the rock to be measured, and the upper end of acoustic measuring tube 7 is installed on the lower part of mounting rod 1;Upper pressing plate 2 is horizontally installed on the upper part of a plurality of mounting rods 1, and linear drive 4 is installed on the lower end surface of upper pressing plate 2;Lower pressing plate 3 is horizontally installed on the lower part of a plurality of mounting rods 1, and the driving end of lower part of linear drive 4 penetrates lower pressing plate 3.

[0035] The installation rod 1 is preferably made of high-strength alloy steel, such as 40CrNiMoA. This material not only has excellent tensile strength and can withstand the device itself and the large load applied during testing, but also has good corrosion resistance, effectively preventing rust even when exposed to humid or corrosive rock environments for a long time, ensuring the service life of the device.

[0036] The height of the upper and lower pressing plates 2 and 3 is adjustable relative to the axis direction of the installation rod 1, thereby adjusting the installation height of the linear drive 4 to achieve the purpose of one-way compression of different rocks in situ.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The number of installation rods 1 is four and arranged in a matrix. This layout not only provides a stable support structure for the entire device, but also achieves a good balance in space utilization and stress distribution. The sound wave emitting unit 12 and the sound wave receiving unit 13 of the two groups of sound wave detection assemblies are respectively arranged on the two installation rods 1 distributed on the diagonal. From the perspective of acoustics, the diagonal arrangement can make the sound wave propagation path in the rock to be tested more diverse and comprehensive. When the sound wave emitted by the sound wave emitting unit 12 propagates in the rock, it will interact with the structure and properties inside the rock in different directions and depths. By setting the sound wave receiving unit 13 on the diagonal, the sound wave signal after propagation through different paths can be captured to the maximum extent, thereby obtaining more abundant internal information of the rock.

[0038] Preferably, the sound wave emitting unit 12 and the sound wave receiving unit 13 of the same group of sound wave detection assemblies have the same height. When the sound wave emitting unit 12 and the receiving unit are at the same height, the sound wave propagation path during transmission can have clear repeatability and consistency. This makes the data collected during sound wave detection more stable and reliable. The sound wave emitting unit 12 and the sound wave receiving unit 13 of different groups of sound wave detection assemblies have different heights. The different heights allow the sound wave to propagate and detect at different depth levels of the rock to be tested. By changing the height of the emitting and receiving units, acoustic information at different depths inside the rock can be obtained, thereby constructing a three-dimensional acoustic image of the rock. Rocks at different depths may have different physical properties and structural characteristics. Through different height sound wave detection assemblies, these differences can be comprehensively detected and analyzed.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1The lower part of the plurality of mounting rods 1 is further horizontally mounted with a limiting plate 6, and the middle part of the limiting plate 6 is provided with a limiting hole for the driving end of the linear driving member 4 to pass through. The limiting plate 6 further enhances the stability and accuracy of the device, and the limiting hole and the linear driving member 4 form a small gap, which ensures that there is no shaking or deviation during the operation of the linear driving member 4.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 2 The upper end of the acoustic pipe 7 is provided with an adjusting sleeve 8, which is sleeved on the lower part of the mounting rod 1 and moves along the axial direction of the mounting rod 1 to adjust the depth of the lower end of the acoustic pipe 7 inserted into the reserved hole 15. It provides a flexible and reliable way to adjust the depth of the lower end of the acoustic pipe 7 inserted into the reserved hole 15.

[0041] Specifically, the lower part of the mounting rod 1 is provided with a plurality of positioning teeth 9 along the axial direction, and one side of the adjusting sleeve 8 is provided with a rotating lock block 10, which rotates to lock the positioning teeth 9 to position the adjusting sleeve 8 on the lower part of the mounting rod 1. When it is necessary to adjust the depth of the lower end of the acoustic pipe 7 inserted into the reserved hole 15, the operator only needs to rotate the above-mentioned rotating lock block 10 slightly to make it disengage from the locking state of the positioning teeth 9. At this time, the adjusting sleeve 8 can move freely along the axial direction of the mounting rod 1, and the operator can adjust the acoustic pipe 7 to the appropriate depth according to the actual needs. After the adjustment is completed, the above-mentioned rotating lock block 10 is rotated again to tightly engage with the corresponding position of the positioning teeth 9.

[0042] In addition, the lower end of the mounting rod 1 is provided with a fixed anchor rod 11, which is used to anchor on the rock to be measured. The main function of the fixed anchor rod 11 is to firmly anchor the mounting rod 1 on the rock to be measured, so that the whole device can remain stable during the test and is not affected by external interference forces, thereby ensuring that the acoustic wave detection assembly can accurately collect data.

[0043] Specifically, the linear driving member 4 is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or an electric push rod.

[0044] Specifically, the pressure applying member is a cylindrical rod body, and the lower end of the cylindrical rod body has a spherical pressure applying end 5. The cylindrical rod body is usually made of high-strength alloy steel, such as 40Cr steel. This material has good comprehensive mechanical properties, which has high strength to withstand the large pressure generated during the pressure applying process and is not easy to deform or break, and also has certain toughness to buffer the impact force to some extent, ensuring the stability of the pressure applying process. The spherical pressure applying end 5 has good adaptability and can effectively contact the upper surface of the rock with different shapes and surface conditions. At the same time, compared with other shapes of the pressure applying end 5, the spherical pressure applying end 5 can reduce the wear and damage to the surface of the acoustic pipe 7 during contact and relative movement with the acoustic pipe 7.

[0045] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An acoustic intensity testing instrument for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock, characterized in that, include: Mounting frame, the lower end of which is fixed to the rock to be tested; The pressure mechanism includes a linear drive (4) and a pressure application member. The linear drive (4) is longitudinally arranged on the mounting frame. The pressure application member is installed at the driving end of the lower part of the linear drive (4). The linear drive (4) is used to drive the pressure application member to abut against the upper surface of the rock to be tested and gradually apply pressure. The acoustic wave detection assembly includes two acoustic tubes (7) disposed at the lower part of the mounting frame. The lower ends of the two acoustic tubes (7) are respectively inserted into the reserved holes (15) opened on the rock to be tested. The lower ends of the two acoustic tubes (7) are respectively provided with an acoustic wave transmitting unit (12) and an acoustic wave receiving unit (13). The acoustic wave transmitting unit (12) and the acoustic wave receiving unit (13) are both connected to a data output unit (14).

2. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket includes: Multiple mounting rods (1) are arranged longitudinally and their lower ends are all fixed to the rock to be tested. The upper end of the acoustic tube (7) is installed on the lower part of the mounting rod (1). Upper pressure plate (2), which is horizontally installed on the upper part of a plurality of mounting rods (1), and the linear drive member (4) is installed on the lower end face of the upper pressure plate (2); The lower pressure plate (3) is horizontally installed at the lower part of the plurality of mounting rods (1), and the driving end of the lower part of the linear drive member (4) passes through the lower pressure plate (3).

3. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The number of mounting rods (1) is four and they are arranged in a matrix. The acoustic wave emitting unit (12) and the acoustic wave receiving unit (13) of the two sets of acoustic wave detection components are respectively set on the two mounting rods (1) that are diagonally distributed.

4. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The acoustic wave emitting unit (12) and the acoustic wave receiving unit (13) of the acoustic wave detection components in the same group have the same height, while the acoustic wave emitting unit (12) and the acoustic wave receiving unit (13) of the acoustic wave detection components in different groups have different heights.

5. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A limiting plate (6) is horizontally installed at the lower part of the plurality of mounting rods (1), and a limiting hole is provided in the middle of the limiting plate (6) for the driving end of the linear drive member (4) to pass through.

6. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 2, characterized in that, An adjusting sleeve (8) is provided at the upper end of the acoustic tube (7). The adjusting sleeve (8) is sleeved on the lower part of the mounting rod (1). The adjusting sleeve (8) moves along the axial direction of the mounting rod (1) to adjust the depth of the lower end of the acoustic tube (7) inserted into the reserved hole (15).

7. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting rod (1) has a plurality of positioning teeth (9) arranged axially at its lower part, and a rotating locking block (10) is provided on one side of the adjusting sleeve (8). The rotating locking block (10) rotates to lock the positioning teeth (9) so as to position the adjusting sleeve (8) at the lower part of the mounting rod (1).

8. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the mounting rod (1) is provided with a fixed anchor rod (11), which is used to anchor the rod to the rock to be tested.

9. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear drive component (4) is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric push rod.

10. The acoustic wave intensity tester for in-situ unidirectional compression of rock as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-applying component is a cylindrical rod, and the lower end of the cylindrical rod has a spherical pressure-applying end (5).

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