Device for finely and quantitatively controlling laser welding protective gas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fine quantitative control laser welding protective gas device, which relates to the technical field of welding, and comprises a welding gun, a gas flowmeter, a photoelectric sensor, an auxiliary nozzle and a proportional valve, the photoelectric sensor is arranged to detect whether a workpiece passes through, when the workpiece is detected to pass through, a gas path is opened, protective gas is sprayed out, and the welding gun is started; when it is detected that no workpiece passes through or is located in a gap between a front workpiece and a rear workpiece, the gas path is closed, when the welding gun is in a non-welding state, the gas path is closed, invalid gas loss can be avoided, unnecessary protective gas waste is avoided, meanwhile, the auxiliary nozzle is additionally arranged, the auxiliary nozzle and the main nozzle of the welding gun form dual protection, and the welding quality is improved. A comprehensive gas protection barrier is formed, the protection gas fully covers a welding area, the auxiliary nozzle follows the main nozzle, the time that the welding seam is covered by the protection gas is prolonged, the welding seam is slowly cooled in the atmosphere of the protection gas, and therefore the quality of the welding seam is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of welding technology, and more specifically, to a device for precisely quantitatively controlling the protective gas in laser welding. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of laser welding technology in high-precision processing scenarios such as automotive door rings and precision sheet metal parts, the stability of the supply and quantitative control accuracy of the shielding gas (such as Ar gas) has become one of the core factors determining welding quality and production costs. During laser welding, the shielding gas can effectively isolate air, prevent oxidation of the molten pool metal, and suppress the generation of defects such as porosity and cracks. Even slight fluctuations in its flow parameters can directly affect the mechanical properties and appearance quality of the weld.

[0003] Existing welding shielding gas devices, in terms of gas control accuracy and operation modes, mostly employ quantitative control valves and rely heavily on manual flow adjustment and statistics. Differences in operator experience lead to significant statistical errors in shielding gas usage, making it impossible to accurately measure gas consumption per sheet of material and failing to meet the lean management requirements of modern production. Regarding gas loss control, existing devices lack a linkage control mechanism with the welding station. The gas path remains open during non-welding stages (such as gaps in sheet transport or when the welding torch is not in a welding state), resulting in substantial ineffective gas loss. Furthermore, the single gas jet channel design of existing welding torches can lead to insufficient gas coverage in some areas, causing the weld to be exposed to air before it has fully cooled, increasing the risk of welding defects. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a device for precise quantitative control of shielding gas in laser welding, the specific solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas includes: a base, a gantry frame, linear module one, linear module two, linear module three, a placement plate, a welding torch, a gas flow meter, a photoelectric sensor, an auxiliary nozzle, and a switching valve. Linear module one is fixedly mounted on the base, and the placement plate is fixedly mounted on linear module one. Linear module one runs in the front-to-back direction. The photoelectric sensor is mounted and fixedly mounted on the base to detect whether a workpiece passes through. The gantry frame is mounted and fixedly mounted on the gantry frame. Linear module two runs in the up-down direction. Linear module three is fixedly connected to linear module two and runs in the left-to-right direction. The welding torch and the auxiliary nozzle are mounted and fixedly mounted on linear module three. The welding torch has a main nozzle, and the auxiliary nozzle is located in front of the welding torch and close to the main nozzle. The main nozzle and the auxiliary nozzle of the welding torch are connected to a gas pipe, and the other end of the gas pipe is connected to a shielding gas source. The switching valve and the gas flow meter are connected to the gas pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the switching valve is a proportional valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the photoelectric sensor is installed close to the front of the working area of ​​the welding torch.

[0008] Furthermore, the linear module one is conveyed by a conveyor belt, and guide frames are provided on both sides of the linear module one. A slider is slidably connected to the guide frame, and rollers are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the slider. Grooves are provided on both sides of the guide frame, and the rollers can move back and forth along the grooves. The placement plate is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0009] Furthermore, both the linear module two and the linear module three include a motor, a lead screw, and a nut, with the nut sleeved on the lead screw, and the motor and the lead screw fixedly connected.

[0010] Furthermore, an operation panel is fixedly installed on the gantry frame.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] This invention improves upon manual flow rate adjustment by replacing it with automatic adjustment. A photoelectric sensor detects whether a workpiece passes through. When a workpiece is detected, the gas path opens, releasing protective gas. When no workpiece is detected or the gas path is between two workpieces, the gas path closes. Furthermore, the gas path remains closed when the welding torch is not in a welding state. This design avoids ineffective gas loss and unnecessary waste of protective gas.

[0013] This invention adds a secondary nozzle, which, together with the main nozzle of the welding torch, forms a double protection, creating a comprehensive gas protection barrier. This ensures that the protective gas fully covers the welding area. The secondary nozzle follows the main nozzle, extending the time the weld is covered by the protective gas, allowing the weld to cool slowly in the atmosphere of the protective gas, thereby ensuring the quality of the weld. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from a first perspective.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model from a second perspective.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the linear module and other components of this utility model.

[0017] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this utility model are as follows: 1. base, 2. gantry frame, 3. linear module one, 4. linear module two, 5. linear module three, 6. placement plate, 7. welding torch, 8. secondary nozzle, 9. guide frame, 10. slider, 11. roller, 12. proportional valve, 13. operation panel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The precision quantitative control laser welding shielding gas device provided in this embodiment includes a base 1, a gantry frame 2, a linear module one 3, a linear module two 4, a linear module three 5, a placement plate 6, a welding torch 7, a gas flow meter, a photoelectric sensor, an auxiliary nozzle 8, and a proportional valve 12. It should be noted that, for ease of subsequent description, Figure 1 In the diagram, 'a' points to the left, and its opposite direction is the right; 'b' points to the front, and its opposite direction is the back.

[0020] Base 1 serves as the supporting base for the entire device. Linear module 3 is fixedly mounted on base 1, and placement plate 6 is fixedly mounted on linear module 3. Placement plate 6 is used to place the workpiece to be welded. The running direction of linear module 3 is... Figure 1 In the forward and backward direction, that is, the linear module 3 can drive the placement plate 6 and the workpiece placed on the placement plate 6 to move forward and backward in a linear motion.

[0021] Among them, linear module 3 is preferably conveyed by a conveyor belt. Conveyor belt conveying is more suitable for long-distance transportation and is beneficial for the continuous transportation of multiple workpieces. Its transportation direction is along... Figure 1 In the front-back direction, the placement plate 6 is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt of the linear module 3, so the movement of the conveyor belt will drive the placement plate 6 to move back and forth.

[0022] Preferably, please refer to Figure 3 The conveyor belt of the linear module 3 is also equipped with guide frames 9 on both sides. Slider blocks 10 are slidably connected to the guide frames 9, and rollers 11 are rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the sliders 10. Grooves are provided on both sides of the guide frames 9, limiting the movement of the rollers 11, allowing them to move back and forth along the grooves. The placement plate 6 is fixedly connected to the sliders 10, thus the placement plate 6 and sliders 10 move synchronously. By adding sliders 10 to both sides of the placement plate 6, the sliders 10 can support the placement plate 6, making its movement more stable and suitable for placing larger workpieces.

[0023] A photoelectric sensor is mounted and fixed on the base 1 to detect whether a workpiece passes by. Preferably, the photoelectric sensor is installed close to the front of the working area of ​​the welding torch 7, and the welding torch 7 is turned on immediately when the photoelectric sensor detects that a workpiece has passed by.

[0024] The gantry frame 2 is mounted and fixed on the base 1, and the linear module 2 4 is mounted and fixed on the gantry frame 2. The linear module 2 4 runs in the up-down direction. The linear module 2 4 is preferably a combination structure of motor + lead screw + nut. The nut is sleeved on the lead screw, and the length direction of the lead screw is along the up-down direction. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the nut to move up and down.

[0025] Linear module 3 (5) is fixedly connected to linear module 2 (4) by a nut. The running direction of linear module 3 (5) is left and right. Linear module 3 (5) is also preferably a combination structure of motor + lead screw + nut, with the length direction of the lead screw along the left and right direction. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby causing the nut of linear module 3 (5) to move in the left and right direction.

[0026] The welding torch 7 is fixedly connected to the linear module 3 5, which can drive the welding torch 7 to move in the left and right directions. The welding torch 7 is equipped with a nozzle for spraying a protective gas (such as Ar gas). This type of welding torch 7 is a component in the prior art and can be directly applied to this device. The specific structure of the welding torch 7 will not be described in detail here.

[0027] The secondary nozzle 8 is mounted and fixed on the linear module 3 5. The linear module 3 5 can drive the secondary nozzle 8 to move synchronously with the welding torch 7 in the left-right direction. The secondary nozzle 8 is located in front of the welding torch 7 and close to the nozzle of the welding torch 7. The nozzle of the welding torch 7 serves as the main nozzle, and the secondary nozzle 8 serves as an auxiliary nozzle to the main nozzle. The shielding gas ejected by the main nozzle provides the first layer of protection, covering the main molten pool area. The shielding gas ejected by the secondary nozzle 8 provides the second layer of protection, covering the surrounding weld area and its heat-affected zone of the main molten pool area, thus forming a double protection and creating a comprehensive gas shielding barrier, ensuring that the shielding gas fully covers the welding area. The secondary nozzle 8 follows the main nozzle, extending the time that the weld is covered by the shielding gas, allowing the weld to cool slowly in the atmosphere of the shielding gas, preventing the weld from being exposed to the air before it has fully cooled, thereby ensuring the quality of the weld.

[0028] The main nozzle and auxiliary nozzle 8 of the welding torch 7 are connected to a gas pipe, the other end of which is connected to a protective gas source. A proportional valve 12 and a gas flow meter are connected to the gas pipe. The photoelectric sensor, proportional valve 12, gas flow meter, and control system are electrically connected. When the photoelectric sensor detects a workpiece passing through, the proportional valve 12 opens, the gas pipe is open, and the main nozzle and auxiliary nozzle 8 of the welding torch 7 eject protective gas. When the photoelectric sensor detects no workpiece passing through or that the workpiece is in the gap between two workpieces, the proportional valve 12 closes, the gas pipe is closed, and the main nozzle and auxiliary nozzle 8 of the welding torch 7 do not eject protective gas. Furthermore, when the welding torch 7 is not in a welding state, the proportional valve 12 closes, and the gas passage is closed. This design avoids ineffective gas loss and unnecessary waste of protective gas.

[0029] The proportional valve 12 enables stepless linear adjustment, precisely controlling the opening within the 0-100% range to achieve continuous flow adjustment. Therefore, operators can set the flow rate as needed, adjusting it to the minimum value that meets protection requirements. An operation panel 13 is fixedly installed on the gantry 2, allowing operators to set the flow rate. Gas flow meters are used for real-time flow monitoring. The control system stores gas flow and other parameters at a frequency of 1 second per meter, generating real-time change curves to visually present parameter fluctuation trends, providing data support for welding process monitoring and subsequent traceability. When welding quality problems occur, managers can trace abnormal gas parameter nodes through historical data to quickly locate the root cause, which is beneficial for continuously improving production efficiency and product qualification rate.

[0030] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A device for precisely quantitatively controlling the shielding gas in laser welding, characterized in that, include: The system consists of a base (1), a gantry (2), a linear module one (3), a linear module two (4), a linear module three (5), a placement plate (6), a welding torch (7), a gas flow meter, a photoelectric sensor, an auxiliary nozzle (8), and a switching valve. The linear module one (3) is fixedly installed on the base (1), and the placement plate (6) is fixedly installed on the linear module one (3). The linear module one (3) runs in the front-to-back direction. The photoelectric sensor is installed and fixedly installed on the base (1) to detect whether a workpiece is passing through. The gantry (2) is installed and fixedly installed on the base (1), and the linear module two (4) is installed and fixedly installed on the base (1). Fixed on the gantry (2), the running direction of the second linear module (4) is along the up and down direction. The third linear module (5) is fixedly connected to the second linear module (4). The running direction of the third linear module (5) is along the left and right direction. The welding torch (7) and the auxiliary nozzle (8) are installed and fixed on the third linear module (5). The welding torch (7) has a main nozzle. The auxiliary nozzle (8) is located in front of the welding torch (7) and close to the main nozzle of the welding torch (7). The main nozzle of the welding torch (7) and the auxiliary nozzle (8) are connected by a gas pipe. The other end of the gas pipe is connected to a protective gas source. The switch valve and the gas flow meter are connected to the gas pipe.

2. The precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching valve is a proportional valve (12).

3. The precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric sensor is installed in front of the working area of ​​the welding torch (7).

4. The precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear module 1 (3) is conveyed by a conveyor belt. Guide frames (9) are provided on both sides of the linear module 1 (3). A slider (10) is slidably connected on the guide frame (9). Rollers (11) are rotatably connected on both sides of the bottom surface of the slider (10). Grooves are provided on both sides of the guide frame (9). The rollers (11) can move back and forth along the grooves. The placement plate (6) is fixedly connected to the slider (10).

5. The precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the second linear module (4) and the third linear module (5) include a motor, a lead screw, and a nut. The nut is fitted onto the lead screw, and the motor is fixedly connected to the lead screw.

6. The precision quantitative control device for laser welding shielding gas according to claim 1, characterized in that, An operation panel (13) is fixedly installed on the gantry frame (2).

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