Pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of anti-collision safety, in particular to a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative poisson ratio structure anti-collision device. The structure comprises a pier and an anti-collision body annularly arranged on the pier, the anti-collision body is of a sealed structure, a supporting energy absorption structure is arranged in the anti-collision body and is of a negative Poisson's ratio structure formed by energy absorption units according to the size array of the pier, and the energy absorption units are of a double-arrow inward-concave structure. The cross section of the energy absorption unit is in a concave triangle shape, a network structure is arranged in the energy absorption unit, and the interior of the concave triangle shape of the energy absorption unit is divided into three triangles through the network structure. Impact energy can be effectively absorbed and dispersed, the impact peak value is reduced, the impact resistance can be improved, the overall protection performance is enhanced, and damage of collision to the protection bridge pier is reduced. The device is easy to construct, short in period and low in maintenance cost, and can be put into use again by replacing the damaged anti-collision unit after collision occurs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of collision avoidance safety technology, and in particular to a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure collision avoidance device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's transportation industry, collision avoidance devices play a crucial role in both the transportation and construction sectors. However, existing collision avoidance devices have limitations in structure and performance, failing to meet the ever-increasing safety demands. For example, traditional collision avoidance devices have limited effectiveness in absorbing impact energy, lack stability, and are poorly adaptable to complex application scenarios. Therefore, research on devices for preventing vehicle and ship collisions on bridge piers is both meaningful and necessary.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream anti-collision devices in China are mainly divided into rigid and flexible anti-collision devices. Their basic principle is to absorb and disperse impact energy through rigid deformation or elastic buffering during impact, thereby reducing the direct impact force on the bridge pier structure. Rigid anti-collision devices lack an effective buffering mechanism when impacted, and the impact force is directly transmitted to the protected structure and the impacting object. Furthermore, due to the high hardness of rigid anti-collision devices, fragments or splashes may be generated during the collision, which may fly or fall into the water, causing secondary injuries to nearby people or objects. While flexible anti-collision devices can buffer impact force to some extent, for larger impacts, the flexible material may deform excessively or even break, failing to completely prevent damage to the protected structure. Fundamentally, in the event of a large impact, they cannot effectively prolong the stress time, reduce the peak impact, and minimize damage to the protected object. Although these devices provide reliable protection in terms of impact energy absorption, they still have some limitations. Their customized design and manufacturing costs are high, and they require regular maintenance and inspection to maintain performance. In addition, the long production cycle of customized devices increases the project's time cost.

[0004] In view of this, this case arose in response to the aforementioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the limitations in structure and performance of existing anti-collision devices, as well as their high manufacturing and maintenance costs, and to propose a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device includes a bridge pier and an anti-collision body arranged in a ring on the bridge pier. The anti-collision body is a sealed structure. The anti-collision body has a supporting energy-absorbing structure inside. The supporting energy-absorbing structure is a negative Poisson's ratio structure formed by an array of energy-absorbing units according to the size of the bridge pier. The energy-absorbing unit is a double-arrow concave structure with a concave triangular cross-section.

[0008] Energy-absorbing units located in the same row constitute an energy-absorbing layer, which is composed of energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two connected together. The cross-sections of energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two are both in the shape of multiple "V" shapes connected end to end. The "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate two is located inside the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate one. The two endpoints of the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate one are connected to the two endpoints of the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate two, and the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate one is greater than that of energy-absorbing plate two. Energy-absorbing units located in the same column are connected by the apex corner of the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate one to the apex corner of the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate two.

[0009] The energy-absorbing unit has a network structure that divides the concave triangular shape of the energy-absorbing unit into three triangles. The network structure consists of three straight lines connected at one end with the connection point located inside the energy-absorbing unit, and the other end connected to the vertices of the three corners of the concave triangle inside the energy-absorbing unit.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-collision body is composed of several anti-collision units connected together, and the double-arrow concave structure is located inside the anti-collision unit.

[0011] Preferably, the anti-collision body is composed of two anti-collision units connected together. Each anti-collision unit includes a sealed chamber and two cavities connected to both ends of the sealed chamber. The two anti-collision units are fixedly connected to each other through the cavities. The double-arrow concave structure is located inside the sealed chamber of the anti-collision unit.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a connecting plate and bolts located between the two chambers, and the two anti-collision units are fixedly connected to each other by being fixed to the connecting plate by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting energy-absorbing structure is made of polymer composite material or metal alloy material.

[0014] Preferably, the outer shell of the impact protector is made of composite steel plate, which combines steel and composite materials.

[0015] Preferably, the outer shell of the impact protector is provided with multiple rows of reflective strips.

[0016] Preferably, the crash barrier is a floating crash barrier.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1) The double-arrow concave structure of the energy-absorbing unit of this invention is a negative Poisson's ratio structure with a negative Poisson's ratio effect. The characteristic of a negative Poisson's ratio structure is that the components converge inward, the instantaneous density increases, and it exhibits higher stiffness and strength outward, which can improve the longitudinal beam's resistance to damage. This stacked design of multiple double-arrow concave structures can absorb external impact energy by simultaneously contracting under vertical pressure and contracting inward laterally.

[0019] The double-arrow concave design increases the energy absorption area, thereby improving energy dissipation efficiency; the symmetry and layered design of the double arrows enhance the overall protection effect by dissipating energy in stages.

[0020] Therefore, when subjected to pressure along the arrow direction, the double-arrow concave structure of the present invention can undergo bidirectional negative Poisson's ratio deformation while maintaining overall stability. This can effectively absorb and disperse impact energy, improve impact resistance, and enhance overall protective performance.

[0021] 2) The energy-absorbing unit incorporates a network structure, which divides the concave triangular shape of the unit into three triangles. Triangles are the most stable polygons, and in this structure, the triangles connect to each other, forming a robust whole. Multiple triangles connected together form a mutually supporting network. This network structure effectively disperses and transfers loads, avoiding localized stress concentration. Whether under static or dynamic loads, the entire structure maintains good integrity, reducing the risk of structural damage. This structure fully utilizes the mechanical properties of the material. Uniform load distribution helps improve the overall load-bearing capacity and service life of the structure. The two left and right triangles within the energy-absorbing unit effectively reinforce the left and right sides of the unit. Therefore, two energy-absorbing units in the same row form an outwardly concave triangle, which lacks a network structure and thus has less strength than the energy-absorbing unit. The triangles with varying support strengths are arranged alternately, increasing support while maintaining a certain degree of elastic deformation in the lateral direction, enabling bidirectional negative Poisson's ratio deformation while maintaining overall stability.

[0022] 3) Energy-absorbing units located in the same row constitute an energy-absorbing layer. The energy-absorbing layer is composed of energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two connected together. Under the action of the energy-absorbing plate, it can prevent the deformation of the energy-absorbing plate and provide energy-absorbing buffer, further enhancing the impact resistance of the anti-collision body.

[0023] 4) The anti-collision body of this invention is composed of several anti-collision units connected together. After the anti-collision unit is damaged by a collision, it can be put back into use simply by replacing the damaged unit, which significantly saves economic costs. The structure is reasonably designed, has maintenance-free characteristics, and is highly adaptable, enabling standardized production according to different anti-collision requirements.

[0024] Therefore, a pyramid-shaped, double-arrow, concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device can effectively absorb and disperse impact energy, improve impact resistance, and provide strong overall protection. This device is easy to construct, has a short construction period, low maintenance costs, and is highly practical. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision device according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-collision body of the pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate of a pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio anti-collision device according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Pier; 2. Anti-collision unit; 3. Double-arrow concave structure; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Bolt; 6. Reflective strip. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "lower end", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0031] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] Example

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown: A pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device includes a bridge pier 1 and an anti-collision body arranged in a ring on the bridge pier 1. The anti-collision body is a sealed structure. The anti-collision body has a supporting energy-absorbing structure inside. The supporting energy-absorbing structure is a negative Poisson's ratio structure formed by an array of energy-absorbing units according to the size of the bridge pier 1. The energy-absorbing unit is a double-arrow concave structure 3 with a cross-sectional shape of a concave triangle.

[0035] Energy-absorbing units located in the same row constitute an energy-absorbing layer, which is composed of energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two connected together. The cross-sections of energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two are both in the shape of multiple "V" shapes connected end to end. The "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate two is located inside the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate one. The two endpoints of the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate one are connected to the two endpoints of the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate two, and the included angle of the "V" of energy-absorbing plate one is greater than that of energy-absorbing plate two. Energy-absorbing units located in the same column are connected by the apex corner of the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate one to the apex corner of the "V" structure of energy-absorbing plate two.

[0036] The energy-absorbing unit has a network structure that divides the concave triangular shape of the energy-absorbing unit into three triangles. The network structure consists of three straight lines connected at one end with the connection point located inside the energy-absorbing unit, and the other end connected to the vertices of the three corners of the concave triangle inside the energy-absorbing unit.

[0037] The double-arrow concave structure 3 of the energy-absorbing unit of this invention is a negative Poisson's ratio structure with a negative Poisson's ratio effect. The characteristic of a negative Poisson's ratio structure is that components converge inwards, resulting in increased instantaneous density and exhibiting higher stiffness and strength outwards, thus improving the longitudinal beam's resistance to damage. This stacked design of multiple double-arrow concave structures 3 allows for both vertical compression and lateral inward contraction, absorbing external impact energy. The double-arrow concave design increases the energy absorption area, thereby improving energy dispersion efficiency. The symmetry of the double arrows and the stacked design enhance the overall protective effect through progressive energy dissipation.

[0038] Therefore, when subjected to pressure along the arrow direction, the double-arrow concave structure 3 of the present invention can undergo bidirectional negative Poisson's ratio deformation while maintaining overall stability. This can effectively absorb and disperse impact energy, improve impact resistance, and enhance overall protective performance.

[0039] The double-arrow concave structure 3 of this invention is shaped like a concave triangle, which is divided into three triangles by a network structure. A triangle is the most stable polygon. Multiple triangles are connected together to form a mutually supporting network. This network structure can effectively distribute and transfer loads, avoiding localized stress concentration. Whether under static or dynamic loads, the entire structure maintains good integrity, reducing the risk of structural damage.

[0040] This structure makes full use of the material's mechanical properties. Due to the stability of the triangle and the integrity of the structure, the load is distributed more evenly. This means that each part of the structure can share the load reasonably, preventing any part from failing before others due to excessive load. Even load distribution helps improve the overall load-bearing capacity and service life of the structure. This structure can be designed for integral molding, directly inserted into the triangular structure.

[0041] Furthermore, the anti-collision body is composed of two anti-collision units 2 connected together. Each anti-collision unit 2 has an internal supporting energy-absorbing structure. Each anti-collision unit 2 includes a sealed chamber and two cavities connected to both ends of the sealed chamber. A connecting plate 4 is bolted between the two cavities. The two anti-collision units 2 are fixed to the connecting plate 4 by bolts 5 and thus fixedly connected to each other. The double-arrow concave structure 3 is located inside the sealed chamber of the anti-collision unit 2. This connection structure is easy to construct, has good connection stability, and is easy to disassemble. When one anti-collision unit 2 is damaged, it can be replaced and put back into use. This connection method also facilitates replacement and saves maintenance costs. The anti-collision units 2 can be produced in a standardized manner according to different anti-collision requirements. Different anti-collision device models can be selected according to the anti-collision level of the bridge pier 1.

[0042] Furthermore, the supporting energy-absorbing structure is made of polymer composite materials or metal alloy materials. Specifically, energy-absorbing plate one and energy-absorbing plate two are made of composite steel plates. Therefore, the double-arrow concave joint can be welded from two composite steel plates. Composite steel plates are inexpensive, have good rigidity, and are easy to construct.

[0043] Furthermore, the outer shell of the crash barrier is made of composite steel plate, which combines steel and composite materials. Composite steel plate is inexpensive, has good rigidity, and is easy to install.

[0044] Furthermore, the outer shell of the crash barrier is equipped with multiple rows of reflective strips 6. These strips can reflect ambient light at night, thus serving a certain warning function.

[0045] Furthermore, the crash barrier is a floating crash barrier. It can change with the water level to ensure that the crash barrier is positioned optimally on the bridge pier 1.

[0046] The implementation principle of the pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device of the present invention is as follows:

[0047] The two anti-collision units 2 are assembled into an anti-collision body by connecting plates 4. The anti-collision body is set around the bridge pier 1, and multiple double-arrow concave structures 3 are installed in the sealed compartment of the anti-collision unit 2. Construction is easy and the cycle is short.

[0048] When an impact occurs, the energy-absorbing unit of the present invention is compressed along the direction of the arrow. The double-arrow concave structure 3 of the present invention can undergo bidirectional negative Poisson's ratio deformation at the same time, which can effectively absorb and disperse impact energy, improve impact resistance, and enhance overall protective performance.

[0049] The double-arrow concave design increases the energy absorption area, thereby improving energy dissipation efficiency; the symmetry and layered design of the double arrows enhance the overall protection effect by dissipating energy in stages.

[0050] Meanwhile, the network structure within the energy-absorbing unit effectively disperses and transfers loads, avoiding localized stress concentration. The two triangles on the left and right sides of the energy-absorbing unit effectively reinforce its left and right sides, increasing its support strength. Between two energy-absorbing units in the same row, an outwardly concave triangle is formed, and since this triangle lacks a network structure, its strength is less than that of the energy-absorbing unit. The alternating arrangement of triangles with varying support strengths enhances the support force while maintaining a certain degree of elastic deformation in the lateral direction, enabling bidirectional negative Poisson's ratio deformation while maintaining overall stability.

[0051] After an impact, the crash barrier is damaged, but it can be put back into use by replacing the damaged crash barrier unit 2, resulting in low maintenance costs.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device, comprising a pier and an anti-collision body arranged in a ring on the pier, characterized in that: The anti-collision body is a sealed structure, and a support energy absorption structure is arranged in the anti-collision body, the support energy absorption structure is a negative Poisson's ratio structure formed by energy absorption units according to the size of the pier, and the energy absorption unit is a double-arrow concave structure, and the cross section shape is a concave triangle. The energy absorption units in the same row form an energy absorption layer, the energy absorption layer is composed of an energy absorption plate one and an energy absorption plate two, the cross sections of the energy absorption plate one and the energy absorption plate two are both connected in the shape of a plurality of "v" characters, the "v" structure of the energy absorption plate two is located in the "v" structure of the energy absorption plate one, the end points of the two ends of the "v" angle of the energy absorption plate one are connected with the end points of the two ends of the "v" angle of the energy absorption plate two, and the angle of the "v" angle of the energy absorption plate one is greater than that of the energy absorption plate two; the energy absorption units in the same column are connected in the form that the top corners of the "v" structures of the energy absorption plate one are connected with the top corners of the "v" structures of the energy absorption plate two. The energy absorption unit is internally provided with a network structure, the network structure divides the inner part of the concave triangle shape of the energy absorption unit into three triangles, and the network structure is connected at one end point of three straight lines and the connection point is located in the interior of the energy absorption unit, and the other end is connected with the top points of the three angles of the concave triangle in the interior of the energy absorption unit.

2. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crashworthy device according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-collision body is connected by a plurality of anti-collision units, and the double-arrow concave structure is located in the interior of the anti-collision unit.

3. A pyramid-shaped double-arrow concave negative Poisson's ratio structure anti-collision device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-collision body is connected by two anti-collision units, the anti-collision unit comprises a sealed cabin and two cavities connected at two ends of the sealed cabin, the two anti-collision units are fixedly connected with each other through the cavities, and the double-arrow concave structure is located in the interior of the sealed cabin of the anti-collision unit.

4. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crash attenuator according to claim 3, wherein: The anti-collision body is connected by two anti-collision units, the anti-collision unit comprises a sealed cabin and two cavities connected at two ends of the sealed cabin, the two anti-collision units are fixedly connected with each other through the cavities, and the double-arrow concave structure is located in the interior of the sealed cabin of the anti-collision unit.

5. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crash management device according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-collision body is connected by two anti-collision units, the anti-collision unit comprises a sealed cabin and two cavities connected at two ends of the sealed cabin, the two anti-collision units are fixedly connected with each other through the cavities, and the double-arrow concave structure is located in the interior of the sealed cabin of the anti-collision unit.

6. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crash management device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer shell of the anti-collision body is made of a composite steel plate combining steel and composite materials.

7. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crash management device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer shell of the anti-collision body is provided with a plurality of rows of reflective strips.

8. A pyramidal bi-directional re-entrant negative Poisson's ratio structure crash management device according to claim 1, wherein: The anti-collision body is a floating anti-collision body.

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