Multifunctional roadway / tunneling construction equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses multifunctional roadway / tunneling construction equipment, which is characterized in that a scraper conveyer, a rock slag stripping mechanism, a rock drilling device, a mechanical slotting device and a transverse sliding mechanism are arranged on a chassis, the transverse sliding mechanism comprises a guide rod, a sliding table and a sliding table driving device, and the rock slag stripping mechanism is rotatably mounted on the sliding table; a scraping and loading mechanism rotation power device is arranged between the rock slag scraping and loading mechanism and the sliding table, the rock drilling device comprises an arm frame component and a rock drilling mechanism, the rear end of an arm frame is movably installed on the chassis in the mode that the front end of the arm frame can swing in the up-down dimension and the left-right dimension, and the front end of the arm frame is movably connected with the rock drilling mechanism. According to the utility model, the defects caused by outward throwing of rock slag in conventional drilling and blasting rock are eliminated, the problems that a mechanical slotting device and a rock slag stripping mechanism cannot be compatible in space and construction equipment is incomplete in function are solved, the labor intensity is low, the construction efficiency and the construction speed are high, and the device is particularly suitable for mechanical tunneling construction of small-span roadways / tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunneling construction equipment technology, and in particular to a multi-functional tunnel / roadway tunneling construction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine systems, roadways (hereinafter referred to as rock roadways) and railway, highway, and hydropower systems (hereinafter referred to as rock tunnels) are constructed by excavation in rock mass. Drilling and blasting rock has always been the most commonly used rock breaking method. Other rock breaking methods include full-face mechanical rolling and scraping rock breaking by TBMs (Tunnel Boring Machines, including open-face and shield types), and partial-face cutting rock breaking by high-power cantilever horizontal axis hard rock tunnel boring machines.

[0003] In terms of adaptability to factors such as changes in pitch angle and advance direction of roadways and tunnels (hereinafter referred to as roadways / tunnels) located in rock masses, size of roadway / tunnel cross-section and length, rock hardness, and changes in surrounding rock stability, drill-and-blast rock breaking is significantly superior to TBM. In addition, TBM is large in size and complex in structure, and its cost is relatively much higher. Its installation and removal cycle is long, and its rock breaking energy consumption per unit volume and the cost per meter of project are significantly higher. Therefore, even though TBM has been around for many years, it still cannot completely replace the traditional drill-and-blast rock breaking method.

[0004] The cantilevered horizontal axis high-power hard rock tunnel boring machine (TBM), which has been on the market for over 20 years, has not been widely adopted in tunnel / tunnel excavation due to several issues. These issues include high noise levels from the cutting teeth when cutting hard rock, extremely high dust concentrations that seriously endanger the occupational health of construction workers, and high costs per meter of project (mainly due to high wear and tear of the cutting teeth, equipment maintenance and depreciation costs, and financial expenses). Moreover, if the rock hardness exceeds the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of 7, the construction speed will be significantly reduced. In particular, when the rock hardness exceeds the Protodyakonov hardness coefficient of 9, it is almost impossible to use a hard rock TBM for rock breaking. Only in a few cities, due to limitations in conditions that prevent the use of conventional drilling and blasting rock breaking methods and the availability of TBMs, have high-powered cantilevered horizontal axis hard rock TBMs been used, but the results have been far from ideal.

[0005] It is entirely foreseeable that drilling and blasting rock will remain an irreplaceable rock-breaking method for tunnel / roadway excavation for the present and for a considerable period of time to come. However, it is well known in the industry that conventional drilling and blasting rock-breaking construction requires first drilling and blasting small-section inclined holes in the rock mass of the working face to create an indispensable free face (also known as a free face) for subsequent large-area vertical drilling and blasting. Even if the explosives in the entire borehole are detonated all at once, the rock-breaking process is still a segmented detonation of the explosives in the entire borehole under the control of delayed detonators. The explosives in the inclined holes for blasting are detonated first to complete the drilling and blasting, and then the explosives in other vertical holes are detonated in sequence. However, along with drilling and blasting, a certain amount of high-energy rock fragments will inevitably be thrown tens of meters away from the working face. The practice of dumping rubble outside the affected area presents at least three major problems that have been criticized within the industry and remain difficult to overcome efficiently and effectively: First, the dumped rubble can cause severe impact damage to construction equipment, pipelines, and ventilation ducts within its affected area. Therefore, all such equipment, pipelines, and ventilation ducts must be moved outside the affected area or protected before blasting, and restored to their previous state after blasting. This additional workload slows down construction. Second, the dumped rubble is widely distributed, and collecting it is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and also slows down construction. Third, the dumped rubble may damage equipment and pipelines that have not yet been properly installed. The impact damage caused by shotcrete covering of anchor bolts and metal mesh in the area is significant and may even lead to anchor bolt failure. Therefore, it is necessary to cover the roadway / tunnel with shotcrete before blasting operations. The production process is always "one step distance for drilling and blasting rock → one step distance for anchor mesh support → one step distance for shotcrete". Accordingly, each shotcrete covering of the roadway / tunnel area is only one construction step distance. For small cross-section roadways / tunnels, the time occupied by the wet shotcrete machine and pipeline flushing is seriously unbalanced with the amount of shotcrete work. As a result, wet shotcrete, which is technically superior to dry shotcrete, has not been widely promoted and applied in the construction of small cross-section roadways / tunnels.

[0006] To eliminate the problems caused by the external impact of rock debris in conventional drilling and blasting methods, some construction sites first use rock drilling equipment to create several conventional drilling and blasting holes in the rock mass of the working face. Then, they replace the conventional drilling and blasting holes with larger diameter drill bits to enlarge the holes, thus creating a free face for subsequent drilling and blasting excavation without external rock debris. Based on this, drilling and blasting excavation without external rock debris is then carried out, thereby completing the conventional drilling and blasting excavation work with external rock debris. While this method achieves the goal of eliminating ejected rock debris through drilling and blasting, it also has significant drawbacks. Secondary enlargement of conventionally drilled and blasted rock boreholes is time-consuming, impacting construction speed. More importantly, to meet the required borehole diameter after enlargement, the capacity and size of the drilling rigs used in the drilling equipment significantly exceed those used for conventionally drilled and blasted rock boreholes. This inevitably leads to a larger angle between the drilled and blasted rock boreholes located around the tunnel / tunnel and the tunnel / tunnel centerline. This will inevitably increase the deviation in the formation of the tunnel / tunnel after blasting, thus increasing material consumption and construction cost per meter of the project.

[0007] It is important to note that small-span tunnels / roads lack the conditions for multiple construction equipment with different functions to pass each other. Therefore, unlike large-span tunnel excavation, it is impossible to use multiple construction equipment with different functions to work in rotation at the working face. For small-span tunnels / roads, especially coal mine rock tunnels, achieving fully mechanized construction using the most advantageous drill-and-blast method requires optimizing and integrating multiple mechanical components with different functions onto a single chassis. Furthermore, mechanical cutting must replace the conventional drill-and-blast cutting in conventional methods, and it must also replace the technology of secondary enlargement of conventional drill-and-blast rock drilling to complete the amount of work required for conventional drilling-and-blast rock cutting. This eliminates the inherent and unavoidable drawback of high-energy rock fragments thrown out during drilling-and-blast cutting in existing conventional methods, which causes significant damage to the construction equipment. Accordingly, it is necessary to research multi-functional construction equipment that integrates rock cutting loading and transportation, mechanical cutting, and rock drilling functions. However, there is a spatial incompatibility between the mechanical grooving device and the rock cutting loading mechanism, and the rock drilling device cannot be set at the front of the equipment chassis in the same way as the rock drilling device configured in a single-function rock drilling rig. Therefore, it is necessary to study targeted technologies to solve the relevant problems. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-functional tunnel / roadway excavation construction equipment, which eliminates the drawbacks of rock debris throwing in conventional drilling and blasting rock construction methods with more efficient technology, changes the current situation of incomplete functions of existing construction equipment, and solves the problem of spatial incompatibility between mechanical grooving device and rock debris loading mechanism, thereby reducing labor intensity and improving construction efficiency and construction speed.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is: a multi-functional tunnel / roadway excavation construction equipment, comprising: a chassis, a scraper conveyor, and a rock cutting loading mechanism. The chassis includes a frame and tracked walking parts installed on the left and right sides of the frame. The rock cutting loading mechanism is used to load rock cuttings onto the scraper conveyor, which is located in the center of the frame and is used to transfer the rock cuttings to the rear of the chassis. The chassis is also equipped with a lateral sliding mechanism and a mechanical grooving device. The lateral sliding mechanism includes a guide rod, a slide table, a slide table drive device, and a guide rod support. The guide rod support is installed on the left and right sides of the front of the chassis. Both ends of the guide rod are fixed to the guide rod support, the slide is slidably installed on the guide rod, the slide drive device is set between the slide and the chassis, the rock cuttings loading mechanism is rotatably installed on the slide, and a loading mechanism rotation power device is set between the rock cuttings loading mechanism and the slide; the mechanical grooving device is set in the center of the frame and behind the transverse sliding mechanism, and is used to create a free face borehole in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis as a free face for drilling blasting, or to create a free face borehole in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis as a free face for drilling blasting and to create an advance drilling borehole.

[0010] The mechanical grooving device includes a power head, a first slide block, a first slide rail, a feed power device, a drill rod, and a clamp. The power head is connected to or integrally formed with the first slide block. The power head is equipped with a chuck. The first slide rail and the clamp are fixedly installed on the frame. The first slide block is slidably installed on the first slide rail. The feed power device is located between the frame and the first slide block. The drill rod passes through the clamp and the chuck in a detachable manner and can be drivenly connected to the chuck.

[0011] The drill rod has a drill bit installed at its front end in a detachable manner. The drill bit is a hollow annular drill bit used to create a core-retaining annular borehole as the free face for drilling blasted rock.

[0012] The chassis is equipped with a rock drilling device, which is located on the left and right sides of the chassis. The rock drilling device includes a boom component and a rock drilling mechanism. The boom component includes a boom, and the rear end of the boom is movably mounted on the chassis with its front end swinging in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The front end of the boom is movably connected to the rock drilling mechanism.

[0013] The chassis is provided with a boom sliding mechanism that can slide back and forth on both sides. The boom sliding mechanism includes a boom slide rail and a boom slide seat. The boom slide rail is arranged longitudinally on the chassis. The boom slide seat is slidably or rollingly installed on the boom slide rail. A sliding power device is provided between the chassis and the boom slide seat. The rear end of the boom is movably installed on the boom slide seat with its front end swinging in both vertical and horizontal dimensions.

[0014] The rock drilling mechanism includes a rock drilling rig, a second sliding block, a rock drilling frame, and a propulsion mechanism. The rock drilling rig is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the second sliding block. The second sliding block is slidably mounted on the rock drilling frame. The propulsion mechanism is disposed between the second sliding block and the rock drilling frame, denoted as Scheme A; or

[0015] The rock drilling mechanism includes a rock drilling rig, a second slide block, a rock drilling frame, a propulsion mechanism, and a rock drilling slide. The rock drilling rig is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the second slide block. The second slide block is slidably mounted on the rock drilling frame. The propulsion mechanism is disposed between the second slide block and the rock drilling frame. The rock drilling frame is slidably mounted on the rock drilling slide. A rock drilling frame drive cylinder is disposed between the rock drilling frame and the rock drilling slide. This is referred to as Scheme B.

[0016] The rear end of the boom is hinged to the transition connecting seat via a cross-hinged joint. The transition connecting seat is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the boom slide. Two boom swing cylinders are provided between the rear part of the boom and the transition connecting seat. The rear end of the boom swing cylinder is hinged to the transition connecting seat via a cross-hinged joint, and its front end is hinged to the boom.

[0017] The front end of the boom is connected to the rock drilling mechanism via connector I, connector II, rotary cylinder I, and rotary cylinder II;

[0018] The front end of the boom is connected to the mounting end of the rotary cylinder I, the output end of the rotary cylinder I and the mounting end of the rotary cylinder II are respectively connected to the connecting piece I, and the output end of the rotary cylinder II is connected to the connecting piece II;

[0019] When the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme A, the rock drilling frame is rotatably mounted on the connecting member II, and a rock drilling frame drive cylinder is provided between the rock drilling frame and the connecting member II; when the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme B, the rock drilling slide is rotatably mounted on the connecting member II, and a rock drilling slide swing cylinder is provided between the rock drilling slide and the connecting member II.

[0020] The rear end of the boom is hinged to the transition connecting seat via a cross-hinged joint. The transition connecting seat is fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the boom slide. Two boom swing cylinders are provided between the rear part of the boom and the transition connecting seat. The rear end of the boom swing cylinder is hinged to the transition connecting seat via a cross-hinged joint, and its front end is hinged to the boom.

[0021] The front end of the boom is connected to the rock drilling mechanism via connector III, connector IV, and rotary cylinder III;

[0022] The front end of the boom is hinged to one side of the connector III via a cross joint. Two swing cylinders of the connector III are provided between its front part and one side of the connector III. The rear end of the swing cylinder of the connector III is hinged to the boom, and its front end is hinged to one side of the connector III via a cross joint. The mounting end of the rotary cylinder III is connected to the other side of the connector III, and the output end of the rotary cylinder III is connected to the connector IV.

[0023] When the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme A, the rock drilling frame is rotatably mounted on the connecting member IV, and a rock drilling frame drive cylinder is provided between the rock drilling frame and the connecting member IV; when the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme B, the rock drilling slide is rotatably mounted on the connecting member IV, and a rock drilling slide swing cylinder is provided between the rock drilling slide and the connecting member IV.

[0024] The boom slide is also provided with a lifting seat that is slidably connected thereto. A lifting power device is provided between the lifting seat and the boom slide. The transition connecting seat is fixedly connected to the lifting seat or is integrally formed with it.

[0025] The rock slag loading mechanism includes a rotating body, a first loading arm, a second loading arm, and a bucket that are sequentially hinged to each other. The rear end of the first loading arm is hinged to the rotating body. The rotating body is rotatably mounted on the slide table. The rotation power device of the loading mechanism is located between the rotating body and the slide table.

[0026] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] Firstly, this application describes a tunneling construction equipment with functions such as rock cuttings loading and transportation, rock drilling, and mechanical grooving. It creatively incorporates a transverse sliding mechanism, on which the rock cuttings loading mechanism is rotatably mounted. When mechanical grooving is required in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis to create a free face borehole for drilling blasting or for creating advance drilling boreholes, the rock cuttings loading mechanism is slid to one side via the transverse sliding mechanism, allowing for mechanical grooving or advance drilling operations. During transport, the drill rod and drill bit can be disassembled to carry out relevant operations, thus solving the prominent problem of incompatibility between rock cuttings loading and unloading mechanisms and mechanical grooving devices. This lays the foundation for fully mechanized tunneling operations in small-span roadways / tunnels, especially in coal mine rock roadways with spans generally less than 6.0m, where multiple construction equipment with different functions can be used in rotation at the working face. It also provides a more advanced technical means and approach to eliminate a series of drawbacks caused by conventional drill-blasting methods for dumping rock cuttings. Because it is multi-functional, it can also save a lot of equipment purchase costs.

[0028] Secondly, the drill bit used to create the free face of the blasting rock is a hollow annular drill bit, which creates a core-retaining annular hole. Compared with the coreless free face hole created by the solid drill bit, although both achieve the same goal—creating a free face for the blasting rock and eliminating the need for subsequent drilling and blasting trenching with external rock cuttings—the core-retaining annular free face hole created by the hollow annular drill bit not only has a different free face space distribution characteristics than the coreless free face hole created by the conventional solid drill bit, thus improving the utilization rate of the free face space, greatly shortening the time for creating the free face, and increasing the construction speed, but also significantly reducing the size of the mechanical trenching device, which is conducive to equipment miniaturization. Therefore, it can greatly improve the adaptability of the equipment to small cross-section tunnels / tunnels.

[0029] Third, during the rock cutting loading and unloading process, the rock cutting loading and unloading mechanism can slide laterally to the left or right as needed, driven by the lateral sliding mechanism. This makes it possible for the chassis of the multi-functional construction equipment to not need to move laterally during the rock cutting loading and unloading process, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of rock cutting loading and unloading and transportation. The lateral sliding mechanism can also drive the rock cutting loading and unloading mechanism to slide left and right, making enough space available for the drilling operations of the rock drilling devices arranged on both sides of the chassis, and avoiding blind spots in the drilling operations of the rock drilling devices due to the setting of the rock cutting loading and unloading mechanism.

[0030] Fourth, a boom sliding mechanism that can slide forward and backward is installed on the chassis. Through the longitudinal sliding of the boom slide and the lifting of the lifting seat, the boom can be further increased and the forward and backward movement range of the rock drilling mechanism can be driven, as well as the lifting function of the rear end of the boom. This solves the problem of blind spots in the drilling operation caused by installing the rock drilling device on both sides of the equipment chassis, and the problem of the rock drilling device hitting the rock wall in front of the working face when the loading mechanism is loading the rock debris at the front of the working face. It also makes it easier for the rock drilling device to create blasting rock boreholes and carry out anchor bolt support operations in a larger range without moving the chassis.

[0031] In summary, this utility model's equipment, through more advanced technology, more efficiently solves a series of drawbacks caused by the external throwing of high-energy rock fragments, one of the key problems hindering the improvement of construction mechanization based on drill-and-blast rock breaking methods. It also resolves the spatial incompatibility between the mechanical grooving device and the rock debris loading mechanism. This will significantly promote the advancement of small-span tunnel / cartridge excavation technology, greatly improve the mechanization level, construction speed, and operational efficiency of small-span tunnel / cartridge excavation based on drill-and-blast methods, and reduce labor intensity. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of a multifunctional tunnel / tunnel excavation construction equipment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment shows the structure after the rock drilling device and mechanical grooving device drill bit have been removed.

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the loading and unloading mechanism for slag;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanical grooving device;

[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the mid-arm sliding mechanism;

[0037] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-sized rock drilling device;

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the mid-arm boom components;

[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rock drilling mechanism;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of a multifunctional tunnel / tunnel excavation construction equipment of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of a medium-sized rock drilling device;

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 1. Chassis;

[0044] 2. Mechanical grooving device; 21. Drill bit; 22. Clamping device; 23. Support device; 24. Drill rod; 25. Chuck; 26. First slide block; 27. Power head; 28. First slide rail;

[0045] 3. Boom sliding mechanism; 31. Boom base; 32. Sliding power device; 33. Boom slide rail; 34. Boom slide block; 35. Lifting seat;

[0046] 4a. Rock drilling equipment; 4b. Rock drilling equipment;

[0047] 41. Boom assembly; 411. Transition connector; 412. Boom swing cylinder; 413. Boom; 414. Connector III swing cylinder; 415. Connector III; 416. Slewing cylinder III; 417. Slewing cylinder I; 418. Connector I; 419. Slewing cylinder II; 420. Connector II;

[0048] 42. Rock drilling mechanism; 421. Second slide; 422. Rock drilling rig; 423. Rock drilling machine frame; 424. Rock drilling slide; 425. Propulsion mechanism; 426. Rock drilling machine frame drive cylinder; 427. Rock drilling slide swing cylinder; 428. Connecting part IV;

[0049] a, b, c, and d are all cross-shaped hinge joints;

[0050] 5. Rock cuttings loading mechanism; 51. First loading arm; 52. Second loading arm; 53. Bucket; 54. Rotary body;

[0051] 6. Lateral sliding mechanism; 61. Guide rod; 62. Slide table; 63. Slide table drive device; 64. Guide rod support; 65. Loading and unloading mechanism rotary power device;

[0052] 7. Scraper conveyor;

[0053] 8. Load the shovel plate. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to further understand the purpose, solution and effect of this utility model, but it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the appended claims of this utility model.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-functional tunnel / tunnel excavation construction equipment includes a chassis 1 comprising a frame and tracked traveling parts installed on the left and right sides of the frame. The chassis 1 is equipped with a loading shovel 8, a rock cutting mechanism 5, a scraper conveyor 7, a rock drilling device 4a, a mechanical grooving device 2, and a lateral sliding mechanism 6. The mechanical grooving device 2 is located in the center of the frame, and the rock drilling device 4a is located on both sides of the chassis 1. In this embodiment, the rock drilling device 4a is mounted on the chassis 1 via a boom sliding mechanism 3.

[0057] The rock debris loading mechanism 5 works in conjunction with the loading shovel 8 to load the rock debris onto the scraper conveyor 7. The scraper conveyor 7 (commonly known as "the first conveyor") is located in the center of the frame and is used to transfer the rock debris to the rear of the chassis.

[0058] The rock cuttings loading mechanism 5 is rotatably mounted on the slide table 62 of the transverse sliding mechanism 6. When it is necessary to use the mechanical grooving device 2 to create a free face borehole in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis 1 as a free face for drilling blasting or to create a pre-drilling borehole, the rock cuttings loading mechanism 5 can be slid to one side by the transverse sliding mechanism 6 to carry out the mechanical grooving operation. When it is necessary to load and transport rock cuttings, the drill bit 21 and drill rod 24 of the mechanical grooving device 2 can be removed to carry out the relevant operations, thereby solving the prominent problem that the rock cuttings loading mechanism 5 and the mechanical grooving device 2 are incompatible with each other.

[0059] The mechanical slotting device 2 is located in the center of the frame and behind the transverse sliding mechanism 6. It is used to create a borehole in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis 1 as a free face for drilling blasting. This borehole is referred to as the free face borehole below. Alternatively, the mechanical slotting device 2 is also used to create a free face borehole in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis 1, and can also carry out advance drilling operations on the rock mass in front of the chassis 1.

[0060] The rock drilling device 4a is used to create a drilling hole for blasting rock in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis 1; or, it is used to create a drilling hole for blasting rock in the working face rock mass in front of the chassis 1 and to provide anchor bolt support for the surrounding rock of the tunnel / tunnel.

[0061] The boom sliding mechanism 3 is used to eliminate the problem of blind spots in the operation of the rock drilling device 4a caused by installing the rock drilling device 4a on both sides of the equipment chassis 1, as well as the problem of the rock drilling device hitting the rock wall in front of the working face when the loading mechanism loads the rock debris at the front of the working face. It can also further increase the forward and backward movement range of the rock drilling device 4a, so that the rock drilling device can create blasting rock boreholes and carry out anchor bolt support operations in a larger range.

[0062] The specific structure of the above-mentioned main components is described in detail below.

[0063] Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the multi-functional tunnel / tunnel excavation equipment after the removal of the rock drilling device 4a and the drill bit 21 of the mechanical slotting device 2. Figure 2 As shown, the transverse sliding mechanism 6 includes a guide rod 61, a slide table 62, a slide table drive device 63, and a guide rod support 64. The guide rod support 64 is installed on the left and right sides of the front of the chassis 1. The two ends of the guide rod 61 are fixed to the guide rod support 64 respectively. The slide table 62 is slidably installed on the guide rod 61. The slide table drive device 63 is located between the slide table 62 and the chassis 1. The rock debris loading mechanism 5 is rotatably installed on the slide table 62. A loading mechanism rotation power device 65 is provided between the rock debris loading mechanism 5 and the slide table 62.

[0064] In this embodiment, the slide drive device 63 is preferably a telescopic cylinder or other linear power device, and the shovel loading mechanism rotation power device 65 is preferably a drive cylinder or other power device that makes the rock debris shovel loading mechanism 5 rotate on the slide 62.

[0065] Figure 3 The specific structure of the rock slag loading mechanism 5 is shown, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rock slag loading mechanism 5 includes a rotating body 54, a first loading arm 51, a second loading arm 52 and a bucket 53 that are hinged in sequence. The rear end of the first loading arm 51 is hinged to the rotating body 54. The rotating body 54 is rotatably mounted on the slide table 62. The rotating power device 65 of the loading mechanism is located between the rotating body 54 and the slide table 62.

[0066] Figure 4 The specific structure of the mechanical grooving device 2 is shown, combined with Figure 1The mechanical grooving device 2 includes a power head 27, a first slide block 26, a first slide rail 28, a feed power unit, a drill rod 24, a support 23, and a clamp 22. The power head 27 is connected to or integrally formed with the first slide block 26. The power head 27 is equipped with a chuck 25. The first slide rail 28, the support 23, and the clamp 22 are fixed to the frame. The first slide block 26 is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 28. The feed power unit (not shown in the figure, preferably a telescopic cylinder, but other linear power units) is located between the frame and the first slide block 26. The drill rod 24 detachably passes through the clamp 22, the support 23, and the chuck 25, and can be drivenly connected to the chuck 25. The support 23 is not a mandatory component but an optional component.

[0067] In this embodiment, the front end of the drill rod 24 is detachably equipped with a drill bit 21, which is an annular hollow drill bit. The annular hollow drill bit 21 is used to create a core-retaining annular free face borehole in the rock mass of the working face. Compared to using conventional solid drill bits to create coreless freeface boreholes and then secondary enlargement, this method achieves the same goal—creating freefaces for drilling blasted rock. Subsequent drilling of blasted rock does not require drilling and blasting with external rock debris, eliminating a series of related problems caused by the external throwing of high-energy rock fragments. However, the core-retaining annular freeface boreholes created using hollow annular drill bits not only have a different freeface space distribution characteristics than coreless freeface boreholes created by conventional solid drill bits, thus improving the utilization rate of freeface space, greatly shortening the time required to create freefaces, and increasing construction speed, but also significantly reducing the size of the mechanical blasting device, which is conducive to equipment miniaturization and greatly improves the adaptability of the equipment to small cross-section tunnels / tunnels. It also does not increase the forming deviation of the tunnel / tunnel after blasting.

[0068] Solid core drill bits are also applicable to other operations, such as advanced drilling operations in the rock mass in front of the working face.

[0069] Figure 5 The specific structure of the boom sliding mechanism 3 is shown, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 6The chassis 1 is equipped with a boom sliding mechanism 3 that can slide back and forth. The boom sliding mechanism 3 includes a boom slide rail 33 and a boom slide seat 34. The boom slide rail 33 is longitudinally arranged on the boom base 31, and the boom base 31 is fixed to the chassis 1. The boom slide seat 34 is slidably or rollingly mounted on the boom slide rail 33. A sliding power device 32 is provided between the boom base 31 and the boom slide seat 34. The sliding power device 32 is preferably a telescopic cylinder, but it can also be other linear power devices. The rear end of the boom 413 is movably mounted on the lifting seat 35 with its front end swinging in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The lifting seat 35 is slidably mounted on the boom slide seat 34. A lifting power device (not shown in the figure) is provided between the lifting seat 35 and the boom slide seat 34. The lifting power device is preferably a telescopic cylinder, but it can also be other linear power devices. From the perspective of the utility model concept, the boom base 31 can be regarded as part of the chassis 1.

[0070] In this example, the sliding power device 32, which is set between the chassis 1 and the boom slide 34, generally refers to the power device that drives the boom slide to move relative to the slide rail. It includes both the boom slide slidingly mounted on the slide rail and moving relative to the slide rail, and the boom slide rolling on the slide rail and moving relative to the slide rail.

[0071] Of course, if the lifting seat 35 is not set, the rear end of the boom 413 is mounted on the boom slide 34 with its front end swinging in both vertical and horizontal dimensions (that is, the transition connecting seat 411 is fixedly connected to the boom slide 34). The advantage is that the structure is simplified, but the flexibility of the rock drilling device 4a is reduced and its adaptability to the working environment will be worse.

[0072] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the rock drilling device 4a includes a boom assembly 41 and a rock drilling mechanism 42 connected together. The boom assembly 41 includes a boom 413 and hydraulic cylinders, connectors, etc., connected to the boom 413. The boom 413 is a telescopic boom with a built-in telescopic hydraulic cylinder. In this embodiment, the rear end of the boom 413 is movably mounted on the lifting seat 35 of the boom sliding mechanism 3 with its front end swinging in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The longitudinally movable front end of the boom 413 is movably connected to the rock drilling mechanism 42. In this way, the boom 413 can move longitudinally with the boom slide 34 of the boom sliding mechanism and rise and fall with the lifting seat 35. This not only solves the problem of blind spots in the operation of the rock drilling device caused by setting the rock drilling device on both sides of the equipment chassis, but also the problem of the rock drilling device hitting the rock wall in front of the working face when the loading mechanism loads the rock debris at the front of the working face. Furthermore, it can increase the forward and backward movement range of the rock drilling device 4a, so that the rock drilling device can create blasting rock boreholes and carry out anchor bolt support operations in a larger range.

[0073] Of course, without the boom sliding mechanism 3, the rear end of the boom 413 can be directly and movably connected to the chassis 1.

[0074] Figure 7 The specific structure of boom component 41 is shown, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The rear end of the boom 413 is hinged to the transition connecting seat 411 via a cross joint. The transition connecting seat 411 is fixedly connected to or integrally set with the lifting seat 35. Two boom swing cylinders 412 are provided between the rear of the boom 413 and the chassis. The rear end of the boom swing cylinder 412 is hinged to the transition connecting seat 411 via a cross joint, and its front end is hinged to the boom 413. By extending and retracting the two boom swing cylinders 412, the boom 413 can be driven to swing its front end in both vertical and horizontal dimensions.

[0075] The front end of the boom 413 is connected to the rock drilling slide 424 via connector III 415, connector IV 428, and rotary cylinder III 416 (as shown in the figure, it is arranged longitudinally).

[0076] The front end of the boom 413 is hinged to one side of the connector III 415 via a cross joint c. Two swing cylinders 414 for the connector III 415 are installed between one side of the connector III 415 and the front of the boom 413. The rear end of the swing cylinder 414 is hinged to the boom 413, and its front end is hinged to one side of the connector III 415 via a cross joint d. By extending and retracting the two swing cylinders 414, the connector III 415 can be driven to swing in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. The mounting end of the rotary cylinder III 416 is connected to the other side of the connector III 415, and its output end is connected to the connector IV 428. By rotating the rotary cylinder III 416, the rock drilling mechanism 42 can be driven to swing around the rotation center of the rotary cylinder III 416. The rock drilling slide 424 is rotatably mounted on the connector IV 428 (the connector IV 428 is optimized to be a pin with an inner hole, and the rock drilling slide 424 is provided with a pin hole that rotates with the pin with the inner hole). A rock drilling slide swing cylinder 427 is provided between the connector IV 428 and the rock drilling slide 424. The pitch angle of the rock drilling mechanism 42 can be adjusted by extending and retracting the rock drilling slide swing cylinder 427.

[0077] like Figure 8As shown, the rock drilling mechanism 42 includes a rock drilling rig 422, a second slide block 421, a rock drilling frame 423, and a propulsion mechanism 425. The rock drilling rig 422 and the second slide block 421 are fixedly connected or integrally formed, and the second slide block 421 is slidably mounted on the rock drilling frame 423. The propulsion mechanism 425 preferably adopts a hydraulic cylinder-wire rope speed-multiplying mechanism or a hydraulic cylinder-chain speed-multiplying mechanism. The propulsion mechanism 425 is located between the second slide block 421 and the rock drilling frame 423 and is used to drive the second slide block 421 to slide relative to the rock drilling frame 423. With the speed-multiplying mechanism, the drilling depth can reach twice the hydraulic cylinder stroke, achieving a larger drilling depth with a smaller hydraulic cylinder stroke (length). The rock drilling mechanism 42 includes a rock drilling slide 424, which is movably connected to the front end of the boom 413. A rock drilling frame 423 is slidably mounted on the rock drilling slide 424. A rock drilling frame drive cylinder 426 is provided between the rock drilling frame 423 and the rock drilling slide 424. The rock drilling frame drive cylinder 426 can drive the rock drilling frame 423 to slide forward relative to the rock drilling slide 424, causing its front end to abut against the working face rock wall or surrounding rock wall, thereby increasing the stability of the rock drilling mechanism 42 during drilling operations. Alternatively, the rock drilling mechanism 42 can be without the rock drilling slide 424, allowing the rock drilling frame 423 to be directly movably connected to the front end of the boom 413. The advantage of this is a simplified structure, but the stability of the rock drilling mechanism 42 during drilling operations is inferior to the aforementioned structure.

[0078] For ease of understanding, the rock drilling mechanism 42 without the rock drilling slide 424 is denoted as Scheme A, and the rock drilling mechanism 42 with the rock drilling slide 424 is denoted as Scheme B. When the rock drilling mechanism 42 adopts Scheme A, the rock drilling frame 423 is rotatably mounted on the connecting part IV 428, and a rock drilling frame drive cylinder is provided between the rock drilling frame 423 and the connecting part IV 428; when the rock drilling mechanism 42 adopts Scheme B, the rock drilling slide 424 is rotatably mounted on the connecting part IV 428, and a rock drilling slide swing cylinder 427 is provided between the rock drilling slide 424 and the connecting part IV 428.

[0079] The multi-functional tunnel / tunnel excavation equipment disclosed in this embodiment, with its specific connection method between the rock drilling mechanism 42 and the front end of the boom 413 (a rotary hydraulic cylinder is provided between the front end of the boom and the rock drilling mechanism), is particularly suitable for creating blasting rock boreholes in the rock mass of the working face.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, Example 2 discloses another multi-functional tunnel / gutter excavation equipment, which is largely the same in structure and principle as Example 1, except that the connection method between the front end of the boom and the rock drilling mechanism is different. Figure 9The image shows the state after drill bit 21 has been removed.

[0082] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the front end of the boom 413 is connected to the rock drilling slide 424 via connector I 418, connector II 420, rotary cylinder I 417 (shown in the figure as longitudinally arranged), and rotary cylinder II 419 (shown in the figure as vertically arranged).

[0083] Specifically, the front end of boom 413 is connected to the mounting end of rotary cylinder I 417, the output end of rotary cylinder I 417 and the mounting end of rotary cylinder II 419 are respectively connected to connector I 418, and the output end of rotary cylinder II 419 is connected to connector II 420.

[0084] When the rock drilling mechanism 42 adopts the aforementioned scheme B, the rock drilling slide 424 is rotatably mounted on the connecting part II 420, and a rock drilling slide swing cylinder 427 is provided between the rock drilling slide 424 and the connecting part II 420. By rotating the rotary cylinder I 417, the rotary cylinder II 419 and the rock drilling mechanism 42 connected to the rotary cylinder II 419 are driven to swing around the rotation center of the rotary cylinder I 417; by rotating the rotary cylinder II 419, the rock drilling mechanism 42 is driven to swing around the rotation center of the rotary cylinder II 419; by extending and retracting the rock drilling slide swing cylinder 427, the pitch angle of the rock drilling mechanism 42 can be adjusted.

[0085] When the rock drilling mechanism 42 adopts scheme A, the rock drilling frame 423 is rotatably mounted on the connecting part II 420, and a rock drilling frame drive cylinder is provided between the rock drilling frame 423 and the connecting part II 420.

[0086] The multi-functional tunnel / tunnel excavation equipment disclosed in this embodiment, with its specific connection method between the rock drilling mechanism 42 and the front end of the boom 413 (two rotary cylinders are provided between the front end of the boom and the rock drilling mechanism), is particularly suitable for creating blasting rock boreholes in the working face rock in front of the chassis and implementing anchor bolt support for the surrounding rock of the tunnel / tunnel.

[0087] In summary, the equipment of this utility model solves, through more efficient means and methods, one of the key problems hindering the improvement of the mechanization level of conventional drilling and blasting rock excavation methods—a series of drawbacks caused by the external throwing of high-energy rock fragments. It also solves the problem of the drilling device colliding with the rock wall in front of the working face when the excavation mechanism is loading and unloading rock debris. In particular, it solves the problem of spatial incompatibility between the mechanical grooving device and the rock debris loading and unloading mechanism. This will significantly promote the advancement of small-span tunnel / cartridge excavation technology, greatly improve the mechanization level, construction speed, and operational efficiency of small-span tunnel / cartridge excavation based on the drilling and blasting method, and reduce labor intensity.

[0088] The above description is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. All parts not described in detail are known technologies in the art. The protection scope of the present utility model is determined by the content of the claims. Any equivalent transformations based on the technical teachings of the present utility model are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional roadway / tunnel excavation construction equipment, comprising: a chassis, a scraper conveyor and a rock residue shoveling mechanism, the chassis comprising a frame and crawler belts installed on both sides of the frame, the rock residue shoveling mechanism being used for shoveling rock residue onto the scraper conveyor, the scraper conveyor being arranged at the central position of the frame and being used for transferring the rock residue to the rear of the chassis; characterized in that, a transverse sliding mechanism and a mechanical slotting device are further arranged on the chassis; the transverse sliding mechanism comprises guide rods, a sliding table, a sliding table driving device and guide rod supports, the guide rod supports being installed on both sides of the front part of the chassis, the guide rods being fixed at both ends thereof to the guide rod supports, the sliding table being slidingly installed on the guide rods, the sliding table driving device being arranged between the sliding table and the chassis, the rock residue shoveling mechanism being rotatably installed on the sliding table, and a shoveling mechanism rotating power device being arranged between the rock residue shoveling mechanism and the sliding table; the mechanical slotting device is arranged at the central position of the frame and behind the transverse sliding mechanism, and is used for creating a free face drilling hole as a free face for drilling and blasting rock in the rock mass of the working face in front of the chassis, or is used for creating a free face drilling hole as a free face for drilling and blasting rock and an advanced drilling hole in the rock mass of the working face in front of the chassis.

2. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, the mechanical slotting device comprises a power head, a first sliding seat, a first sliding rail, a feeding power device, a drill rod and a gripper, the power head being connected with or integrally arranged with the first sliding seat, the power head being provided with a chuck, the first sliding rail and the gripper being fixedly installed on the frame, the first sliding seat being slidingly installed on the first sliding rail, the feeding power device being arranged between the frame and the first sliding seat, and the drill rod being detachably penetrated through the gripper and the chuck and being drivingly connected with the chuck.

3. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a drill bit is detachably installed at the front end of the drill rod, the drill bit being a ring-shaped hollow drill bit and being used for creating a cored ring-shaped drilling hole as a free face for drilling and blasting rock.

4. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein rock drilling devices are arranged on both sides of the chassis, the rock drilling devices comprising an arm support component and a rock drilling mechanism, the arm support component comprising an arm support, the rear end of the arm support being movably installed on the chassis in a manner that the front end thereof can swing in both vertical and horizontal dimensions, and the front end of the arm support being movably connected with the rock drilling mechanism.

5. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 4, wherein arm support sliding mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the chassis and can slide forward and backward, the arm support sliding mechanisms comprising arm support sliding rails and arm support sliding seats, the arm support sliding rails being arranged on the chassis in a longitudinal direction, the arm support sliding seats being slidingly or rollingly installed on the arm support sliding rails, a sliding power device being arranged between the chassis and the arm support sliding seats, and the rear end of the arm support being movably installed on the arm support sliding seat in a manner that the front end thereof can swing in both vertical and horizontal dimensions.

6. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the rock drilling mechanism comprises a rock drilling machine, a second sliding seat, a rock drilling frame and a pushing mechanism, the rock drilling machine being fixedly connected with or integrally arranged with the second sliding seat, the second sliding seat being slidingly installed on the rock drilling frame, and the pushing mechanism being arranged between the second sliding seat and the rock drilling frame, denoted as scheme A; or The rock drilling mechanism comprises a rock drilling machine, a second sliding base, a rock drilling frame, a propelling mechanism and a rock drilling slide, the rock drilling machine is fixedly connected with the second sliding base or is integrally arranged, the second sliding base is slidingly installed on the rock drilling frame, the propelling mechanism is arranged between the second sliding base and the rock drilling frame, the rock drilling frame is slidingly installed on the rock drilling slide, and a rock drilling frame driving oil cylinder is arranged between the rock drilling frame and the rock drilling slide, which is denoted as scheme B.

7. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The rear end of the boom is hinged to a transition connecting seat through a cross hinge joint, the transition connecting seat is fixedly connected with the boom sliding base or is integrally arranged, two boom swing oil cylinders are arranged between the rear part of the boom and the transition connecting seat, the rear end of the boom swing oil cylinder is hinged to the transition connecting seat through a cross hinge joint, and the front end of the boom swing oil cylinder is hinged to the boom. The front end of the boom is connected with the rock drilling mechanism through a connecting piece I, a connecting piece II, a rotary oil cylinder I and a rotary oil cylinder II. The front end of the boom is connected with the rotary oil cylinder I, the output end of the rotary oil cylinder I and the mounting end of the rotary oil cylinder II are connected with the connecting piece I, and the output end of the rotary oil cylinder II is connected with the connecting piece II. When the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme A, the rock drilling frame is rotatably installed on the connecting piece II, and a rock drilling frame driving oil cylinder is arranged between the rock drilling frame and the connecting piece II; when the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme B, the rock drilling slide is rotatably installed on the connecting piece II, and a rock drilling slide swing oil cylinder is arranged between the rock drilling slide and the connecting piece II.

8. The multi-functional lane / tunnel excavating construction apparatus according to claim 6, wherein The rear end of the boom is hinged to a transition connecting seat through a cross hinge joint, the transition connecting seat is fixedly connected with the boom sliding base or is integrally arranged, two boom swing oil cylinders are arranged between the rear part of the boom and the transition connecting seat, the rear end of the boom swing oil cylinder is hinged to the transition connecting seat through a cross hinge joint, and the front end of the boom swing oil cylinder is hinged to the boom. The front end of the boom is connected with the rock drilling mechanism through a connecting piece III, a connecting piece IV and a rotary oil cylinder III. The front end of the boom is hinged to one side of the connecting piece III through a cross hinge joint, two connecting piece III swing oil cylinders are arranged between the front part of the boom and one side of the connecting piece III, the rear end of the connecting piece III swing oil cylinder is hinged to the boom, the front end of the connecting piece III swing oil cylinder is hinged to one side of the connecting piece III, the mounting end of the rotary oil cylinder III is connected with the other side of the connecting piece III, and the output end of the rotary oil cylinder III is connected with the connecting piece IV. When the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme A, the rock drilling frame is rotatably installed on the connecting piece IV, and a rock drilling frame driving oil cylinder is arranged between the rock drilling frame and the connecting piece IV; when the rock drilling mechanism adopts scheme B, the rock drilling slide is rotatably installed on the connecting piece IV, and a rock drilling slide swing oil cylinder is arranged between the rock drilling slide and the connecting piece IV.

9. A multi-purpose roadway / tunneling construction apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein, The boom sliding base is further provided with a lifting seat slidingly connected therewith, a lifting power device is arranged between the lifting seat and the boom sliding base, and the transition connecting seat is fixedly connected with the lifting seat or is integrally arranged.

10. The multi-functional roadway / tunneling construction apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The slag scooping mechanism comprises a rotating body, a first scooping arm, a second scooping arm and a scooping bucket which are hingedly connected in sequence, the first scooping arm is hingedly connected to the rotating body at the rear end, the rotating body is rotatably installed on the sliding table, and the rotating power device of the scooping mechanism is arranged between the rotating body and the sliding table.

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