Miniaturized spectrometer

Abstract

The utility model provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the miniaturized spectrometer comprises a shell, a dispersion element, a detector and a dodging assembly, the shell is provided with an accommodating space and a light passing port communicated with the accommodating space, the dispersion element and the detector are arranged in the accommodating space of the shell, and the dodging assembly is arranged on the shell. Wherein the light uniformizing assembly is arranged at the light passing opening of the shell, the light uniformizing assembly and the dispersion element are sequentially located on a light sensing path of the detector, the light uniformizing assembly comprises a light uniformizing support, at least one light uniformizing unit arranged on the light uniformizing support and an entrance slit, and the entrance slit is arranged in the light uniformizing support. Wherein incident light is dodging through the dodging unit, the entrance slit is opposite to the dispersion element, and the incident light reaches the dispersion element after passing through the entrance slit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spectral detection technology, and in particular to a miniaturized spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] The description herein provides only background information in relation to this utility model and does not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Light interacts with matter through processes such as absorption, scattering, fluorescence, and Raman spectroscopy, producing specific spectra. Each substance's spectrum is unique. Therefore, spectral information can be considered the "fingerprint" of everything. Spectrometers can directly detect the spectral information of substances, revealing the presence and composition of the target material. They are crucial testing instruments in fields such as materials characterization and chemical analysis.

[0004] A spectrometer is a scientific instrument that breaks down complex light into spectral lines. It consists of prisms or diffraction gratings and measures the light reflected from the surface of an object. The seven colors of sunlight are the portion that the naked eye can distinguish (visible light). However, if sunlight is broken down by a spectrometer and arranged by wavelength, visible light occupies only a small range of the spectrum; the rest are indistinguishable to the naked eye, such as infrared, microwaves, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays. By capturing light information with a spectrometer, developing it on photographic film, or displaying and analyzing the data using computerized automated instruments, the elements contained in an object can be determined. This technology has been widely used in the detection of air pollution, water pollution, food hygiene, and the metal industry.

[0005] Existing spectrometers are dispersive spectrometers, which typically consist of one or more diffraction gratings, an optical path length, and a photodetector array. In this array, the light signal from the target object is collimated and incident on the diffraction grating after passing through an entrance slit. The diffraction grating disperses the spectral components in different directions, and finally, a concave mirror focuses the dispersed spectral components onto the photodetector array to obtain the spectral distribution. While this type of spectrometer boasts ultra-high resolution, a wide spectral range, and mature technology, dispersive spectrometers rely on bulky dispersive elements and long optical path lengths, making size reduction difficult.

[0006] However, in existing technologies, to ensure good resolution in a spectrometer, it is generally necessary to ensure the performance of each component and its corresponding installation accuracy, while also requiring a sufficiently long optical path. Therefore, existing spectrometers are not only expensive but also relatively large in overall size. The shortcomings of existing spectrometers lie in their multi-component and long optical path requirements. On the one hand, the large number of components and high installation accuracy requirements of existing spectrometers undoubtedly increase manufacturing difficulty and cost; on the other hand, the need for numerous components and long optical paths also contributes to the overall large size of the spectrometer. Utility Model Content

[0007] A major advantage of this invention is that it provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the design of the spectrometer eliminates the collimation element, thereby maintaining the spectrometer's performance at a good level as much as possible.

[0008] Another advantage of this invention is that it provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the spectrometer is small in size while ensuring that the resolution meets the requirements, which is conducive to achieving structural miniaturization.

[0009] Another advantage of this invention is that it provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the spectrometer improves resolution while ensuring size, which is beneficial to improving the working performance of the spectrometer.

[0010] Another advantage of this invention is that it provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the optical component is arranged in front of the entrance slit to collect light, thereby expanding the recognition range and facilitating the use of the spectrometer.

[0011] Another advantage of this invention is that it provides a miniaturized spectrometer, wherein the spectrometer is small in size while ensuring that the resolution meets the requirements; or the resolution is improved while ensuring the size.

[0012] According to one aspect of the present invention, a miniaturized spectrometer of the present invention, capable of achieving the aforementioned and other objectives and advantages, comprises:

[0013] A housing having a receiving space and a light-transmitting port communicating with the receiving space;

[0014] A dispersive element and a detector, wherein the dispersive element and the detector are disposed within the receiving space of the housing; and

[0015] A light-diffusing assembly is provided in the light-transmitting port of the housing. The light-diffusing assembly and the dispersive element are located sequentially on the light-sensing path of the detector. The light-diffusing assembly includes a light-diffusing bracket, at least one light-diffusing unit disposed on the light-diffusing bracket, and at least one incident slit. The incident slit is opposite to the dispersive element, and the incident light passes through the incident slit and the light-diffusing unit before reaching the dispersive element.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this application, the light homogenizing component further includes at least one slit unit, wherein the incident slit is formed in the slit unit.

[0017] According to one embodiment of this application, the slit unit includes a first slit unit and a second slit unit, wherein the first slit unit and the second slit unit are fixed by the light-diffusing bracket, and the light-diffusing unit is located between the first slit unit and the second slit unit.

[0018] According to one embodiment of this application, the light-diffusing unit is disposed at the front end of the light incident direction of the slit unit; or the light-diffusing unit is disposed at the rear end of the light incident square of the slit unit.

[0019] According to one embodiment of this application, the first slit unit is provided with a first incident slit, and the second slit unit is provided with a second incident slit, wherein the first incident slit of the first slit unit and the second incident slit of the second slit unit are formed on both sides of the homogenizing unit.

[0020] According to one embodiment of this application, the light-diffusing bracket has a first mounting groove, a second mounting groove, and a light-diffusing through hole connecting the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, wherein the light-diffusing unit is disposed in the light-diffusing through hole of the light-diffusing bracket, the first slit unit is disposed in the first mounting groove of the light-diffusing bracket, and the second slit unit is disposed in the second mounting groove of the light-diffusing bracket.

[0021] According to one embodiment of this application, the light-diffusing bracket is provided with a slit cavity, the light-diffusing unit is disposed in the slit cavity, and the incident slit is formed in the slit cavity of the light-diffusing bracket.

[0022] According to one embodiment of this application, the spectrometer further includes at least one optical element, wherein the at least one optical element is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the incident slit, and the incident light passes through the optical element and then through the incident slit to reach the dispersive element.

[0023] According to one embodiment of this application, the optical element is disposed in the housing, that is, the optical element is supported by the housing in front of the light-diffusing assembly.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this application, the housing is further provided with a mounting cavity, wherein the mounting cavity is connected to the light-transmitting port and is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the light-uniforming component, and the optical element is fixed in the mounting cavity of the housing.

[0025] According to one embodiment of this application, the optical element is detachably disposed in the mounting cavity of the housing.

[0026] According to one embodiment of this application, the depth of the entrance slit is between 0.5 and 4 mm.

[0027] According to one embodiment of this application, the depth of the entrance slit is 1 to 3 mm.

[0028] According to one embodiment of this application, the widths of the first entrance slit and the second entrance slit are 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0029] According to one embodiment of this application, the line connecting the center of the entrance slit and the center of the dispersive element and the line connecting the center of the detector and the center of the dispersive element form an angle of 30-120°.

[0030] According to one embodiment of this application, the spectroscopic device further includes a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is electrically connected to the detector.

[0031] According to one embodiment of this application, the depth of the slit cavity is 1.5 to 4 mm.

[0032] According to one embodiment of this application, the depth of the slit cavity is 2 to 3 mm.

[0033] According to one embodiment of this application, the width of the slit cavity is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0034] The further objectives and advantages of this invention will become fully apparent from the following description and accompanying drawings.

[0035] These and other objects, features and advantages of this invention will be fully apparent from the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same parts. Wherein:

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a miniaturized spectrometer according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2A and Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the uniform light assembly of the miniaturized spectrometer according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another optional real-time mode of the miniaturized spectrometer according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the entrance slit of the miniaturized spectrometer according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-diffusing component according to the second preferred embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following description is intended to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0043] Those skilled in the art should understand that, in the disclosure of this utility model, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0044] It is understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element can be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element can be multiple, and the term "a" should not be understood as a limitation on the number.

[0045] Refer to the accompanying drawings in this application specification. Figures 1 to 2B As shown, a miniaturized spectrometer according to a first preferred embodiment of this application is illustrated in the following description. The miniaturized spectrometer includes a housing 10, a dispersive element 20, a detector 30, and a homogenizing assembly 40. The housing 10 has a receiving space 101 and a light-transmitting port 102 communicating with the receiving space 101. The homogenizing assembly 40 is disposed at the light-transmitting port 102 of the housing 10. The homogenizing assembly 40 homogenizes the incident light, and the dispersive element 20 and the detector 30 are disposed within the receiving space 101 of the housing 10. The homogenizing assembly 40 and the dispersive element 20 are sequentially located on the photosensitive path of the detector 30. After being homogenized by the homogenizing assembly 40, the incident light reaches the dispersive element 20, where it is dispersed before reaching the detector 30, where the detector 30 receives the incident light signal.

[0046] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing component 40 is preferably disposed at the exit end of the light-transmitting port 102 of the housing 10, that is, the light-diffusing component 40 is located inside the housing 10. The light-diffusing component 40 includes a light-diffusing bracket 41, at least one slit unit 42 and at least one light-diffusing unit 43 disposed on the light-diffusing bracket 41, wherein the at least one light-diffusing unit 43 and the at least one slit unit 42 are stacked one after the other, and the incident light is diffusing by the light-diffusing unit 43. The slit unit 42 is further provided with an entrance slit 420, wherein the entrance slit 420 of the slit unit 42 is opposite to the dispersive element 20, and the incident light reaches the dispersive element 20 after passing through the entrance slit 420 of the slit unit 42. Of course, according to requirements, in some embodiments, the light-diffusing component 40 may also be disposed at the entrance end of the light-transmitting port 102 of the housing 10.

[0047] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing unit 43 and the slit unit 42 are fixed to the light-diffusing bracket 41, and the light-diffusing bracket 41 fixes and supports the light-diffusing unit 43 and the slit unit 42 in the housing 10.

[0048] The light homogenizing unit 43 is disposed at the front end of the light incident direction of the slit unit 42, that is, the light incident from the light port 102 is homogenized by the light homogenizing unit 43 and then passes through the incident slit 420 of the slit unit 42 to reach the dispersive element 20; or the light homogenizing unit 43 is disposed at the rear end of the light incident direction of the slit unit 42, that is, the incident light incident from the light port 102 passes through the incident slit 420 of the slit unit 42 and then is homogenized by the light homogenizing unit 43 to reach the dispersive element 20.

[0049] like Figure 2A and Figure 2B As shown, in this preferred embodiment of the application, the number of slit units 42 of the light-diffusing component 40 is two, that is, the slit unit 42 includes a first slit unit 421 and a second slit unit 422, wherein the first slit unit 421 and the second slit unit 422 are fixed by the light-diffusing bracket 41, and the light-diffusing unit 43 is located between the first slit unit 421 and the second slit unit 422.

[0050] The first slit unit 421 is fixed at the front end of the light-incident direction of the light-uniforming unit 43, and the second slit unit 422 is fixed at the rear end of the light-uniforming unit 43 by the light-uniforming bracket 41. That is, the incident light entering from the light-transmitting port 102 of the housing 10 passes sequentially through the first slit unit 421, the light-uniforming unit 43, and the second slit unit 422 before reaching the dispersive element 20.

[0051] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the first slit unit 421 is provided with a first entrance slit 4210, and the second slit unit 422 is provided with a second entrance slit 4220, wherein the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 and the second entrance slit 4220 of the second slit unit 422 are located opposite each other on both sides of the light-diffusing unit 43, preferably symmetrically arranged with respect to the light-diffusing unit 43. The first slit unit 421 and the second slit unit 422 are fixed on both sides of the light-diffusing unit 43 by the light-diffusing bracket 41.

[0052] The light-diffusing bracket 41 has a first mounting groove 411, a second mounting groove 412, and a light-diffusing through hole 413 connecting the first mounting groove 411 and the second mounting groove 412. The light-diffusing unit 43 is disposed in the light-diffusing through hole 413 of the light-diffusing bracket 41, the first slit unit 421 is disposed in the first mounting groove 411 of the light-diffusing bracket 41, and the second slit unit 422 is disposed in the second mounting groove 412 of the light-diffusing bracket 41.

[0053] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the first mounting groove 411 and the second mounting groove 412 of the light-diffusing bracket 41 are symmetrical with respect to the light-diffusing through-hole 413 of the light-diffusing bracket 41. In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing unit 43 is implemented as a light-diffusing sheet or a light-diffusing component. It can be understood that in another optional embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing unit 43 is a light-diffusing material formed in the light-diffusing through-hole 413 of the light-diffusing bracket 41, that is, the light-diffusing unit 43 is formed by a light-diffusing material on the light-diffusing bracket 41, thereby constituting the light-diffusing unit 43.

[0054] It should be noted that in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing component 40 simultaneously functions as a light-diffusing element and an entrance slit, thereby further integrating the device and allowing the size of the spectrometer to be further compressed.

[0055] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the dispersive element 20 and the detector 30 are fixedly disposed in the accommodating space 101 of the housing 10.

[0056] It is worth mentioning that the dispersive element 20 can be implemented as a diffraction grating, a blazed grating, etc., which mainly disperses the incident light. The detector array 30 can be implemented as a CCD chip, a CMOS chip, or other detectors, or it can be an imaging module that can receive the incident light signal.

[0057] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the spectrometer further includes at least one optical element 50, wherein the at least one optical element 50 is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the light homogenizing component 40, that is, the incident light passes through the optical element 50 and then through the light homogenizing component 40 to reach the dispersive element 20. The optical element 50 can be implemented as a lens, a light homogenizer, a microlens array, etc., or it can be a transparent protective plate, such as a glass cover.

[0058] It is understandable that, due to the generally small size of the entrance slit 420, the corresponding recognition range of the spectrometer is small; that is, the object to be identified must be within the recognition range of the entrance slit 420, which is undoubtedly detrimental to the use of the spectrometer. Therefore, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the optical element 50 is arranged in front of the light incident direction of the entrance slit 420 for light collection, thereby expanding the recognition range and facilitating the use of the spectrometer.

[0059] Preferably, the optical element 50 is disposed in the housing 10, that is, the optical element 50 is supported by the housing in front of the light-diffusing assembly 40.

[0060] In detail, the housing 10 further includes a mounting cavity 103, which communicates with the light-transmitting port 102 and is located at the front end of the light-shielding assembly 40 in the light incident direction. The optical element 50 is fixed in the mounting cavity 103 of the housing 10. Preferably, the mounting cavity 103 and the light-transmitting port 102 are integrally formed in the housing 10, and the optical element 50 is mounted in the mounting cavity 103. The size of the mounting cavity 103 is adapted to the optical element 50.

[0061] It is understood that the mounting cavity 103 is located on the outside of the housing 10, that is, the mounting cavity 103 is a semi-groove structure formed on the outside of the housing 10, the optical element 50 is fixed in the mounting cavity 103, and one side of the optical element 50 faces the external environment.

[0062] In certain examples of this application, the optical element 50 is detachably disposed in the mounting cavity 103 of the housing 10, allowing for the replacement of the type of optical element 50 according to different needs; or the optical element 50 may not be used. For example, in low-light environments, the optical element 50 can be removed so that light can directly pass through the light homogenizing assembly 40, thus avoiding the loss of incident light energy by the optical element 50. For example, when focusing is required, optical elements such as lenses or microlens arrays can be mounted in the mounting cavity; when homogenizing the incident light is required, a light homogenizer can be mounted in the mounting cavity; and to prevent dust from entering the interior, a transparent protective plate, such as a glass cover, can be provided.

[0063] The spectrometer further includes a processing unit 60, wherein the processing unit 60 is electrically connected to the detector 30, and wherein the processing unit 60 may be disposed inside the housing 10 or outside the housing 10 of the spectrometer, without limitation.

[0064] In this preferred embodiment of the application, the optical element 50 is preferably a glass cover plate, which is attached to the mounting cavity 103 of the housing 10. The entrance slit 420 of the homogenizing assembly 40 is facing the dispersive element 20. Light incident on the entrance slit 420 through the optical element 50 reaches the surface of the dispersive element 20. It can be understood that the incident light becomes more uniform after passing through the homogenizing unit, and then enters the dispersive element through the entrance slit 420. The dispersive element disperses the incident light, dispersing the polychromatic light incident from the slit into monochromatic light, which is then reflected at different angles onto the detector 30. The detector 30 receives the light source signal and converts it into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the computing unit. The computing unit analyzes the signal to obtain the polychromatic light spectral information. The analysis results are stored in the processing unit or output through the data transmission interface provided thereon.

[0065] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the size of the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 is the same as the size of the second entrance slit 4220 of the second slit unit 422, and the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 and the second entrance slit 4220 of the second slit unit 422 are facing each other. Optionally, in another alternative embodiment of the present application, the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 and the second entrance slit 4220 of the second slit unit 422 are facing each other, but their sizes are different.

[0066] It should be understood that, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, if the size of the entrance slit 420 and the distance from the exit point of the entrance slit 420 to the surface of the diffraction grating allow the spectrometer to be miniaturized as much as possible, the performance of the spectrometer will not be significantly affected. For example, the required resolution of the spectrometer is 1-10 nm, or within 5 nm, or even within 1 nm.

[0067] Preferably, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the size parameters of the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 and the second slit unit 4220 of the second slit unit 422 are the same as the size parameters of the entrance slit 420 of the entrance slit 42.

[0068] The entrance slit 420 has a slit channel 401, an entrance port 402 located at the entrance end of the slit channel 401, and an exit port 403 located at the exit end of the slit channel 401. Let the width, depth, and length of the slit channel 401 of the entrance slit 420 be a, b, and c, respectively, where the depth refers to the distance along the incident direction of the incident light from the entrance port of the first entrance slit 4210 of the first slit unit 421 to the exit port of the second entrance slit 4220 of the second slit unit 422; wherein the distance from the exit port 403 of the second entrance slit 4220 to the surface of the dispersive element 20 is l. Since the length c generally only needs to match the length of the diffraction grating and has little impact on the optical path design and performance of the spectrometer, the relationship between the width a, depth b, and distance l of the entrance slit 420 is the primary consideration. The distance l is generally determined by the size requirements of the spectrometer, the size of the entrance slit 420, and the limitations of the dispersive element 20. If the distance l is too small, the incident light cannot be effectively diffused, resulting in only a small portion of the grating working, which is not conducive to ensuring spectral accuracy. If the distance l is too large, the size of the entire spectrometer will be too large. Therefore, given a fixed size of the spectrometer, the dispersive element 20 can be positioned as far away from the entrance slit 420 as possible.

[0069] Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, a lensless entrance slit 420 is used to collimate the optical path. When the entrance slit 420 is relatively large, its geometric dimensions control the size of the exit angle. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the incident angle is determined by the width and depth of the incident slit 420, tan(α / 2) = b / a. However, when the exit angle is too large (>10°), the spectral bandwidth exceeds 20 nanometers, affecting spectral accuracy, i.e., the resolution is poor. This effect can be defined as a geometric effect, and to a certain extent, it can be understood that the incident slit plays a role in controlling the exit angle in a geometric sense.

[0070] When the width of the entrance slit 420 is reduced to the micrometer scale, diffraction will play a major role. a(sinα + sinini) = mλ, the 0th order exit angle (<0.5 degrees) occupies the dominant energy, and the spectral bandwidth is less than 1 nm. However, at this size, the excessively small entrance slit 420 leads to a decrease in light transmittance and a drop in the system signal-to-noise ratio. It is necessary to calculate the diffraction effect when light passes through the entrance slit 420. For example, when collimated light is incident, the angle of the diffracted light is determined by the entrance slit width a and the dominant wavelength λ.

[0071] For example, the principal maximum angle width of level 0. Corresponding spectral width Where N is the number of grating lines and i is the incident angle; the spectral width Δλ can be further understood as the spectral resolution. Therefore, the larger the number of grating lines N, the larger the incident angle i, or the smaller Δθ, the smaller the corresponding resolution can be, and the higher the accuracy of the spectrometer. However, a smaller principal maximum angle width Δθ requires a larger width of the incident slit 420, which indicates that the function of the incident slit 420 in this invention cannot be explained solely by either geometric or diffraction effects.

[0072] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the entrance slit 420 exerts both geometric and diffraction effects on the incident light. Under the combined effect of these two factors, the structure of the spectrometer can be simplified, and the optical path structure of the spectrometer can be optimized. In other words, the spectrometer of this preferred embodiment can achieve the required resolution without the need for a collimating lens, and the simplified structure facilitates miniaturization.

[0073] Specifically, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the entrance slit 40 formed in the housing 10 can control the size of the entire optical path. When the depth of the entrance slit 40 is too small, the geometric effect is often large, which will increase the emission angle and lead to a decrease in resolution. Conversely, when the slit depth is too large, the intensity of the incident light will be too weakened, which is not conducive to subsequent detection. Therefore, in this application, the depth of the entrance slit 40 is controlled between 1.5 and 4 mm. Preferably, the depth b of the entrance slit 40 is 2 to 3 mm, for example, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3 mm. It should be noted that the depth b of the entrance slit 40 is affected to some extent by the width a of the entrance slit 40. The range of the depth b of the entrance slit 40 in this invention is also determined to some extent with reference to the width a of the entrance slit in this invention.

[0074] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, the entrance slit 40 formed in the housing 10 can control the size of the entire optical path. When the width of the entrance slit 40 is too large, the slit often does not produce a diffraction effect; while when the slit width is too small, the intensity of the incident light will be too weakened, which is not conducive to subsequent detection. When the spectral resolution reaches 1-5nm, the entrance slit 40 of the present invention needs to control the exit angle at about 1°. At this time, the width a of the entrance slit 40 can be set to 0.1-0.5mm. At this time, the geometric effect and the diffraction effect play a joint role. At the same time, the width of 0.1-0.5mm can effectively ensure the light efficiency, that is, ensure that the light transmittance is not too low, and also produce a geometric effect.

[0075] It should be noted that in this invention, the line connecting the center of the entrance slit 420 and the center of the dispersive element 20, and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersive element 20, are at an angle of 30-120°. This means that by folding the optical path, the overall size of the spectrometer can be controlled. Preferably, the line connecting the center of the entrance slit 420 and the center of the dispersive element 20, and the line connecting the center of the detector 30 and the center of the dispersive element 20, are at an angle of 90°.

[0076] The housing 10 of this preferred embodiment can be formed by integral processing or by assembling multiple modules. The housing 10 includes a housing body 11, a support base 12 disposed on the housing body 11, and a bracket 13 for fixing the dispersive element 20. The housing body 11 and the support base 12 together form the accommodating space 101 of the housing 10. The support base 12 is located below the housing body 11, and the detector 30 and the processing unit 60 are disposed on the support base 12. The support base 12 can also be implemented as a circuit board, electrically connected to the detector 30.

[0077] It is worth mentioning that, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-transmitting port 102 is formed on a side wall of the housing body 11, and the height of the incident slit 420 is approximately the same as the height at which the dispersive element 20 is fixed.

[0078] The bracket 13 is disposed inside the top of the housing body 11, opposite to the support base 12, and the dispersive element 20 is fixed within the accommodating space 101 by the bracket 13. It is worth noting that in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the bracket 13 has a fixed support surface, and the fixed support surface of the bracket 13 is an inclined surface, inclined towards the direction of the entrance slit 420, so that the light incident from the entrance slit 420 reaches the surface of the dispersive element 20.

[0079] In another optional embodiment of this application, the detector 30 can also be implemented as an imaging module, wherein the imaging module includes a detector and an optical lens, the optical lens being located on the photosensitive path of the detector. In certain embodiments of this application, the spectrometer may further include a filter located between the optical lens and the detector. To better receive incident light, the FOV of the imaging module needs to be 40-150°, preferably 45-100°. Further, the imaging module includes a circuit board, and the detector is electrically connected to the circuit board.

[0080] Refer to the accompanying drawings in this application specification. Figure 5As shown, a light-diffusing assembly 40A according to a second preferred embodiment of this application is described below. The light-diffusing assembly 40A includes a light-diffusing bracket 41A and at least one light-diffusing unit 43A disposed on the light-diffusing bracket 41A. The light-diffusing bracket 41A has a slit cavity 42A, and the light-diffusing unit 43A is disposed in the slit cavity 42A. The slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A serves the same function as the incident slit 420 of the slit unit 42 in the aforementioned preferred embodiment; that is, the incident slit is formed in the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A. In this preferred embodiment of the application, the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing assembly 40A is facing the dispersive element 20. Incident light enters the light-diffusing unit 43A through the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing assembly 40A, and the incident light, after being homogenized by the light-diffusing unit 43A, reaches the dispersive element 20 through the slit cavity 42A.

[0081] In short, in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing component 40A is used to accommodate the light-diffusing unit 43A, and the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing component 40A is also equivalent to the incident slit 420 of the first preferred embodiment described above. That is, the setting of the slit cavity 42A defines the parameters of the incident slit 420. The depth of the slit cavity 42A is the depth of the incident slit 420, the width of the slit cavity 42A is the width of the incident slit 420, and the length of the slit cavity 42A is the length of the incident slit 420.

[0082] It is worth mentioning that the light-diffusing unit 43A is formed in the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A. For example, the light-diffusing element is formed by curing the light-diffusing material in the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A, or an existing light-diffusing element can be fixed in the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A. There is no limitation on this.

[0083] It is understood that in this preferred embodiment of the present application, the light-diffusing component 40A serves both as an entrance slit and as a light-diffusing effect.

[0084] In this preferred embodiment of the present application, in order for the slit cavity 42A of the light-diffusing bracket 41A to perform both geometric and diffraction functions, the parameters of the slit cavity 42A in this embodiment are similar to those in the first embodiment, that is, the depth of the slit cavity 42A is controlled to be between 1.5 and 4 mm in this embodiment. Preferably, the depth b of the slit cavity 42A is 2 to 3 mm, for example, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, or 3 mm. When the spectral resolution reaches 1-5 nm, the exit angle of the slit cavity 42A of the present invention needs to be controlled to be around 1°. At this time, the width a of the slit cavity 42A can be set to 0.1-0.5 mm. At this time, the geometric and diffraction functions work together, and the width of 0.1-0.5 mm can effectively ensure light efficiency, that is, ensure that the light transmittance is not too low, while still producing geometric functions. By integrating the light-diffusing component and the incident slit, the overall structure is simplified, and the size of the light-diffusing component 40A is also reduced, which is beneficial for the integration of the spectral device.

[0085] It should be noted that the structure of the light-diffusing bracket 41A may be different from the structure of the light-diffusing bracket 41 in the first preferred embodiment described above, wherein the slit cavity 42A is a cavity structure that penetrates both sides of the light-diffusing bracket 41A.

[0086] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are merely examples and do not limit the present invention. The purpose of the present invention has been fully and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and explained in the embodiments. Without departing from the stated principles, the implementation of the present invention may have any variations or modifications.

Claims

1. A miniaturized spectrometer, characterized in that, include: A housing having a receiving space and a light-transmitting port communicating with the receiving space; A dispersive element and a detector, wherein the dispersive element and the detector are disposed in the receiving space of the housing; as well as A light-diffusing assembly is provided in the light-transmitting port of the housing. The light-diffusing assembly and the dispersive element are located sequentially on the light-sensing path of the detector. The light-diffusing assembly includes a light-diffusing bracket, at least one light-diffusing unit disposed on the light-diffusing bracket, and at least one incident slit. The incident slit is opposite to the dispersive element, and the incident light passes through the incident slit and the light-diffusing unit before reaching the dispersive element.

2. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the homogenizing component further comprises at least one slit unit, wherein the incident slit is formed in the slit unit.

3. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 2, wherein the slit unit includes a first slit unit and a second slit unit, wherein the first slit unit and the second slit unit are fixed by the light-diffusing bracket, and the light-diffusing unit is located between the first slit unit and the second slit unit.

4. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 3, wherein the first slit unit is provided with a first incident slit, the second slit unit is provided with a second incident slit, wherein the first incident slit of the first slit unit and the second incident slit of the second slit unit are formed on both sides of the homogenizing unit.

5. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the light-uniforming bracket has a first mounting groove, a second mounting groove, and a light-uniforming through hole connecting the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, wherein the light-uniforming unit is disposed in the light-uniforming through hole of the light-uniforming bracket, the first slit unit is disposed in the first mounting groove of the light-uniforming bracket, and the second slit unit is disposed in the second mounting groove of the light-uniforming bracket.

6. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the homogenizing support is provided with a slit cavity, the homogenizing unit is disposed in the slit cavity, and the incident slit is formed in the slit cavity of the homogenizing support.

7. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the spectrometer further comprises at least one optical element, wherein the at least one optical element is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the incident slit, and the incident light passes through the optical element and then through the incident slit to reach the dispersive element.

8. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 7, wherein the housing is further provided with a mounting cavity, wherein the mounting cavity is connected to the light-transmitting port and is located at the front end of the light incident direction of the light-uniforming component, and the optical element is fixed in the mounting cavity of the housing.

9. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 8, wherein the optical element is detachably disposed in the mounting cavity of the housing.

10. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the entrance slit is 0.5 to 4 mm.

11. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the entrance slit is 1 to 3 mm.

12. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 4, wherein the widths of the first entrance slit and the second entrance slit are 0.1-0.5 mm.

13. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the line connecting the center of the entrance slit and the center of the dispersive element and the line connecting the center of the detector and the center of the dispersive element form an angle of 30-120°.

14. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein the spectroscopic device further includes a processing unit, wherein the processing unit is electrically connected to the detector.

15. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein the depth of the slit cavity is 1.5 to 4 mm.

16. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein the depth of the slit cavity is 2 to 3 mm.

17. The miniaturized spectrometer according to claim 6, wherein the width of the slit cavity is 0.1-0.5 mm.

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