Four-frequency-band laminated satellite navigation antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-frequency-band laminated satellite navigation antenna, which is characterized in that firstly, microstrip antennas are respectively designed for S, B3, L and B2b frequency bands, and a feed mode and a perturbation structure are optimized to improve the performance; the S and B3 frequency bands and the B2b and the L frequency band respectively form a double-layer laminated structure, wherein the short circuit point design of the B3 frequency band antenna enhances the isolation from the S frequency band. And then, a strip line feed network layer is additionally arranged below the B3 and L frequency band antennas, so that high integration and compactness of the antenna are realized. And finally, all antennas are integrated with a feed network to form a complete four-frequency-band laminated antenna, and performance testing is carried out on the complete four-frequency-band laminated antenna. The antenna is compact and light in structure, excellent in performance of each frequency band, capable of working at the same time, high in isolation degree and particularly suitable for occasions with limited space and high performance requirements such as airborne satellite navigation, and the performance and reliability of the antenna are manifested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent belongs to the field of navigation and communication equipment, specifically relating to a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite navigation systems, as a type of wireless positioning system, provide high-precision navigation, positioning, short message communication, and timing services. They are an indispensable information infrastructure for national defense applications. my country's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System is a completely new global satellite navigation system independently designed and developed after those of the United States, Russia, and the European Union. It provides various service guarantees for both military and civilian applications and is of great significance to improving my country's national defense modernization. The satellite navigation antenna, as the wireless signal input terminal of the satellite navigation system, plays a crucial role in the system's performance and is key to ensuring stable operation.

[0003] Planar microstrip antennas are characterized by their small size, light weight, low cost, simple fabrication, and ease of circular polarization. Circularly polarized antennas can suppress interference from incoming waves, reduce multipath propagation effects, and eliminate polarization distortion, making them widely used in satellite navigation antennas. Satellite navigation systems are compatible with numerous frequency bands, and using only a single-layer antenna design is insufficient to meet the requirements for compatibility with multiple frequency points. Conversely, using multiple single-layer antennas makes it difficult to achieve the miniaturization requirements of satellite navigation antennas. In recent years, research on planar microstrip antennas has mainly focused on two hot topics: ultra-wideband and multi-frequency antennas, with multi-frequency antennas being more suitable for satellite navigation antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the technical problems existing in the prior art by designing a four-band stacked satellite navigation antenna. It features multi-frequency compatibility and shared transmission / reception capabilities. It can receive signals from the B2b band (1207.14MHz±10.23MHz), B3 band (1268.52MHz±10.23MHz), and S band (2491.75MHz±8.16MHz), and can transmit signals from the L band (1615.68MHz±8.16MHz), achieving compatibility and shared transmission / reception across four frequency bands (S, B3, B2b, and L). Furthermore, its three-layer stacked structure results in a small size and light weight, facilitating miniaturization and meeting the size and weight requirements of airborne satellite navigation equipment.

[0005] This application provides a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna, including:

[0006] S101, Construct an S-band receiving antenna and set a feed point in the center of the antenna for receiving signals;

[0007] S102, the B3 band antenna is designed as the receiving antenna, so that it forms a double-layer stacked structure with the S band antenna;

[0008] S103 is an L-band transmitting antenna designed with a single-point feeding method.

[0009] S104, construct a receiving antenna with dual-point feeding in the B2b band.

[0010] Preferably, S101 includes:

[0011] Design S-band antenna 1 as a receiving antenna, and set a feed point in the center of the antenna;

[0012] Design a U-shaped groove to extend the current path, and design a protruding rectangle on each of the four sides of the radiating patch as a perturbation;

[0013] The impedance matching degree and VSWR of the S-band antenna are controlled by adjusting the size of the perturbation.

[0014] Two chamfered angles 1 are set on one diagonal of the antenna to form right-hand circular polarization;

[0015] Adjusting the chamfer 1 controls the axial ratio of the S-band antenna.

[0016] Preferably, S102 includes:

[0017] The B3 band antenna is a receiving antenna, forming a double-layer stacked structure with the S band antenna;

[0018] A dual-point feeding method is adopted, with feeding point 1 and feeding point 2 having the same feeding amplitude, and feeding point 2 having a phase that leads feeding point 1 by 90°, forming a right-hand circular polarization;

[0019] Set a ring of short-circuit points in the center of the B3 band antenna;

[0020] Three protruding rectangular perturbations are designed on each of the four sides of the radiating patch;

[0021] Adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbation controls the impedance matching degree and VSWR of the B3 band antenna 2.

[0022] Preferably, S103 includes:

[0023] The L-band antenna 3 is designed as a transmitting antenna using a single-point feeding method;

[0024] Two chamfered angles 2 are set on one diagonal of the antenna to form left-hand circular polarization;

[0025] The size of the chamfer 2 controls the axial ratio of the L-band antenna.

[0026] Preferably, S104 includes:

[0027] The B2b band antenna 4 is designed as a receiving antenna using a dual-point feeding method.

[0028] Feed point 1 and feed point 2 have the same feed amplitude, and the phase of feed point 2 leads the phase of feed point 1 by 90°, forming right-hand circular polarization;

[0029] Design a square slot to extend the current path, and design two protruding rectangles on each of the four sides of the radiating patch as perturbations.

[0030] The impedance matching degree and VSWR of the B2b band antenna are controlled by adjusting the size of the perturbation.

[0031] Preferably, S104 includes:

[0032] S201 connects the feed line of S-band antenna 1 to the feed point of S-band antenna to provide power to S-band antenna;

[0033] S202 uses Wilkinson power divider 1 to split the feed power of the B3 band antenna into two paths.

[0034] S203 uses Wilkinson power divider 2 to split the feed power of the B2b band antenna into two paths;

[0035] S204 connects the feed line of the L-band antenna to the feed point of the L-band antenna to provide power to the L-band antenna.

[0036] Preferably, step S202 involves splitting the feeder power of the B3 band antenna into two paths, including:

[0037] The left path goes through the 90° phase-shifting network 1 to the feed point 2 of the B3 band antenna;

[0038] The right-hand path leads directly to power supply point 1;

[0039] The two feed points are 90 degrees out of phase, which makes the B3 band antenna right-hand circularly polarized.

[0040] Preferably, the feed power of the S203, B2b band antenna is divided into two paths, including:

[0041] The left path goes through the 90° phase-shifting network 2 to the feed point 2 of the B2b band antenna;

[0042] The right-hand path leads directly to power supply point 1;

[0043] The two feed points are 90 degrees out of phase, which makes the B2b band antenna right-hand circularly polarized.

[0044] Preferably, it further includes:

[0045] S301 determines that the S-band antenna and the B3-band antenna are a double-layer stacked structure, with the S-band antenna located on the upper layer and the B3-band antenna located on the lower layer;

[0046] S302, It is determined that the B2b band antenna and the L band antenna are a double-layer stacked structure, with the B2b band antenna located in the lower layer and the L band antenna located in the upper layer;

[0047] S303, a double-layer stacked structure consisting of S-band antenna and B3-band antenna is combined with B2b-band antenna and L-band antenna. S304, the stripline feed network layer is located in the third layer of the stack, that is, the layer below B3-band antenna and L-band antenna.

[0048] S305, according to this structure, the antennas of each frequency band and the stripline feed network layer are assembled to form a complete 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna;

[0049] S306 will perform performance tests on the assembled antennas, including the gain, radiation pattern, and isolation of the antennas in each frequency band.

[0050] Preferably, the

[0051] The S-band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and single-point feeding. It receives signals at 2491.75MHz ± 8.16MHz.

[0052] The B3 band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and dual-point feeding. It receives signals at 1268.52MHz ± 10.23MHz.

[0053] The B2b band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and dual-point feeding. It receives signals at 1207.14MHz ± 10.23MHz.

[0054] The L-band antenna is a microstrip antenna with left-hand circular polarization and single-point feeding. It transmits a 1615.68MHz ± 8.16MHz signal.

[0055] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0056] 1. Through a meticulously designed stacked antenna structure, multi-band reception and transmission capabilities are achieved across S-band, B3-band, L-band, and B2b-band, effectively improving antenna performance. Each band antenna employs a specific feeding method and perturbation structure to optimize impedance matching, improve VSWR, and achieve excellent circular polarization characteristics. In particular, the short-circuit point in the B3-band antenna effectively enhances isolation from the S-band antenna, reducing inter-band interference and ensuring stable signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, by adjusting parameters such as perturbation size and chamfer angle, fine-tuning of antenna performance is achieved for each band antenna, meeting the needs of different application scenarios.

[0057] 2. This stacked antenna structure not only achieves simultaneous operation across multiple frequency bands but also maintains a small size and weight, facilitating installation and portability. The construction of the stripline feed network layer makes the antenna system more compact and highly integrated, improving overall reliability and stability. Furthermore, simulation verification has ensured that key performance indicators such as antenna gain, in-band flatness, and phase center stability across each frequency band meet or exceed expected targets, providing strong technical support for practical applications.

[0058] 3. The antenna feeding scheme in this embodiment successfully achieves effective feeding of antennas in four frequency bands (S, B3, B2b, and L) by precisely controlling the feed points and power distribution of each band. Particularly for the B3 and B2b band antennas, a Wilkinson power divider combined with a 90° phase-shifting network is cleverly used to achieve a 90-degree phase difference between the two feed points, thereby ensuring the right-hand circular polarization characteristics of the antenna and significantly improving the stability and efficiency of signal transmission. This feeding scheme is not only ingeniously designed but also simple to implement, effectively avoiding signal loss and interference problems caused by complex feeding networks. Furthermore, the independent setting of the feed points for each frequency band antenna facilitates subsequent debugging and optimization of antenna performance.

[0059] 4. The four-band stacked satellite navigation antenna in this embodiment successfully achieves coverage of four frequency bands (S, B3, B2b, and L) through design and assembly. It employs a three-layer stacked structure, significantly reducing the antenna's size and weight, making it highly suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as airborne satellite navigation equipment. The antenna system utilizes a microstrip antenna design, combined with different polarization methods and feeding technologies, ensuring high isolation and signal transmission stability between frequency bands. In actual performance testing, comprehensive modeling and simulation of the antenna were performed using Ansys electromagnetic field simulation software. The results show that the antenna system exhibits excellent gain, in-band flatness, and phase center stability across all frequency bands, fully demonstrating its superior performance and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a top view of the S-band antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 3 This is a top view of the B3 band antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 4 This is a top view of the L-band antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 5This is a top view of the B2b band antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 6 This is a top view of the stripline feed network layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 7 This is a side view schematic diagram of a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0067] Figure 8 The diagram shows the antenna performance of various frequency bands in Ansys electromagnetic field simulation according to an embodiment of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0068] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of this application will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0069] Example 1:

[0070] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna includes: an S-band antenna 1, a B3-band antenna 2, an L-band antenna 3, a B2b-band antenna 4, and a stripline feed network layer 5, forming a 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0071] S101, construct an S-band receiving antenna, and set a feed point in the center of the antenna for receiving signals.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, this is a top view of the S-band antenna 1. The S-band antenna 1 is a receiving antenna with a feed point at the center. The current path can be extended and the size of the radiating patch can be reduced through the U-shaped slot. Each of the four sides of the radiating patch has a protruding rectangle, which is a perturbation. Adjusting the size of the perturbation can improve the impedance matching of the S-band antenna 1 and improve the standing wave ratio. The two chamfers 1 are located at the two ends of a diagonal line. The chamfers 1 can form right-hand circular polarization. The axial ratio of the S-band antenna 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the chamfers 1.

[0073] S102, the B3 band antenna is designed as the receiving antenna, so that it forms a double-layer stacked structure with the S band antenna.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, this is a top view of the B3 band antenna 2. The B3 band antenna 2 is a receiving antenna, using dual-point feeding. Feed point 1 and feed point 2 have the same feeding amplitude, and feed point 2 leads feed point 1 by 90°, forming right-hand circular polarization. Since the B3 band antenna 2 and the S-band antenna 1 are a double-layer stacked structure, the feed points of the S-band antenna 1 and the B3 band antenna 2 are relatively close, resulting in poor isolation between the feed points. Therefore, a ring of short-circuit points is set in the center of the B3 band antenna 2 to improve the isolation between the B3 band antenna 2 and the S-band antenna 1. The radiating patch has three protruding rectangular perturbations on each of its four sides to extend the current path and reduce the size of the radiating patch. By adjusting the size of the rectangular perturbations, the impedance matching of the B3 band antenna 2 can be improved, and the VSWR can be improved.

[0075] The S103 is an L-band transmitting antenna designed with a single-point feeding method.

[0076] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the L-band antenna 3 is a top view. The L-band antenna 3 is a transmitting antenna and uses a single-point feed. By adjusting the position of the feed point, the impedance matching degree of the L-band antenna 3 can be improved, and the standing wave ratio can be improved. The two chamfers 2 are located at the two ends of a diagonal line. The chamfers 2 can form left-hand circular polarization. By adjusting the size of the chamfers 2, the axial ratio of the L-band antenna 4 can be adjusted.

[0077] S104, construct a receiving antenna with dual-point feeding in the B2b band.

[0078] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, this is a top view of the B2b band antenna 4. The B2b band antenna 4 is a receiving antenna, which adopts dual-point feeding. Feed point 1 and feed point 2 have the same feeding amplitude, and feed point 2 leads feed point 1 by 90°, forming right-hand circular polarization. The current path can be extended and the size of the radiating patch can be reduced through the square slot. There are two protruding rectangles on each of the four sides of the radiating patch. These rectangles are perturbations. Adjusting the size of the perturbations can improve the impedance matching degree of the B2b band antenna 4 and improve the standing wave ratio.

[0079] S105, the above-mentioned 4-band antenna and stripline feed network layer are superimposed to form a three-layer stacked structure.

[0080] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0081] 1. Through a meticulously designed stacked antenna structure, multi-band reception and transmission capabilities are achieved across S-band, B3-band, L-band, and B2b-band, effectively improving antenna performance. Each band antenna employs a specific feeding method and perturbation structure to optimize impedance matching, improve VSWR, and achieve excellent circular polarization characteristics. In particular, the short-circuit point in the B3-band antenna effectively enhances isolation from the S-band antenna, reducing inter-band interference and ensuring stable signal reception and transmission. Furthermore, by adjusting parameters such as perturbation size and chamfer angle, fine-tuning of antenna performance is achieved for each band antenna, meeting the needs of different application scenarios.

[0082] 2. This stacked antenna structure not only achieves simultaneous operation across multiple frequency bands but also maintains a small size and weight, facilitating installation and portability. The construction of the stripline feed network layer makes the antenna system more compact and highly integrated, improving overall reliability and stability. Furthermore, simulation verification has ensured that key performance indicators such as antenna gain, in-band flatness, and phase center stability across each frequency band meet or exceed expected targets, providing strong technical support for practical applications.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] The above embodiment 1, through innovative stacked antenna design and optimization methods, achieves efficient multi-band integration and performance improvement across S-band, B3-band, L-band, and B2b-band. In step S105, the stripline feed network layer, as shown... Figure 6 The top view shown is of the stripline feed network layer, which specifically includes:

[0085] S201 connects the feed line of S-band antenna 1 to the feed point of S-band antenna to provide power to S-band antenna.

[0086] S202 uses Wilkinson power divider 1 to split the feed power of the B3 band antenna into two paths.

[0087] Among them, the left path reaches the feed point 2 of the B3 band antenna through the 90° phase shifting network 1, and the right path directly reaches the feed point 1, ensuring that the two feed points are 90 degrees out of phase, thus realizing the right-hand circular polarization of the B3 band antenna.

[0088] S203 uses Wilkinson power divider 2 to split the feed power of the B2b band antenna into two paths.

[0089] Among them, the left path reaches the feed point 2 of the B2b band antenna through the 90° phase shifting network 2, and the right path directly reaches the feed point 1, ensuring that the two feed points are 90 degrees out of phase, thus realizing the right-hand circular polarization of the B2b band antenna.

[0090] S204 connects the feed line of the L-band antenna to the feed point of the L-band antenna to provide power to the L-band antenna.

[0091] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0092] 1. The antenna feeding scheme in this application successfully achieves effective feeding of antennas in four frequency bands (S, B3, B2b, and L) by precisely controlling the feed points and power distribution of each band. Particularly for the B3 and B2b band antennas, a Wilkinson power divider combined with a 90° phase-shifting network is cleverly used to achieve a 90-degree phase difference between the two feed points, thereby ensuring the right-hand circular polarization characteristics of the antenna and significantly improving the stability and efficiency of signal transmission. This feeding scheme is not only ingeniously designed but also simple to implement, effectively avoiding signal loss and interference problems caused by complex feeding networks. Furthermore, the independent setting of the feed points for each frequency band antenna facilitates subsequent debugging and optimization of antenna performance.

[0093] Example 3:

[0094] The antenna feeding scheme in Embodiment 2 described above uses a Wilkinson power divider and a 90° phase-shifting network to precisely control the power and phase at the feed point, achieving effective and stable feeding of the S, B3, B2b, and L band antennas. In particular, it ensures the right-hand circular polarization characteristics of the B3 and B2b band antennas, improving signal transmission efficiency. The scheme is ingeniously designed and highly practical. Superimposing the S, B3, B2b, and L band antennas with a stripline feed network layer reduces the size and weight of the antennas, such as... Figure 7 The side view of the 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna shown is a further supplement to Embodiment 2, specifically as follows:

[0095] S301 determines that the S-band antenna and the B3-band antenna are a double-layer stacked structure, with the S-band antenna located on the upper layer and the B3-band antenna located on the lower layer.

[0096] The S-band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and single-point feeding, used to receive 2491.75MHz±8.16MHz signals; the B3-band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and dual-point feeding, used to receive 1268.52MHz±10.23MHz signals.

[0097] S302, it is determined that the B2b band antenna and the L band antenna are a double-layer stacked structure, with the B2b band antenna located in the lower layer and the L band antenna located in the upper layer.

[0098] The B2b band antenna is a microstrip antenna with right-hand circular polarization and dual-point feeding, used to receive 1207.14MHz±10.23MHz signals; the L band antenna is a microstrip antenna with left-hand circular polarization and single-point feeding, used to transmit 1615.68MHz±8.16MHz signals.

[0099] S303 arranges a double-layer stacked structure consisting of an S-band antenna and a B3-band antenna side by side with a double-layer stacked structure consisting of a B2b-band antenna and an L-band antenna.

[0100] The B3 band antenna and the B2b band antenna have the same lower surface height.

[0101] S304, the stripline feed network layer is located in the third layer of the stack, that is, the layer below the B3 band antenna and the L band antenna.

[0102] The stripline feed network is used to feed S-band antennas, B3-band antennas, B2b-band antennas, and L-band antennas.

[0103] S305, according to this structure, the antennas of each frequency band and the stripline feed network layer are assembled to form a complete 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna.

[0104] S306 will perform performance tests on the assembled antennas, including the gain, radiation pattern, and isolation of the antennas in each frequency band.

[0105] Specifically, the Ansys electromagnetic field simulation software was used to model and simulate the four-band stacked satellite navigation antenna. The gain, in-band flatness, and phase center stability of each frequency band were simulated, and the antenna performance of each frequency band was displayed in the figure below. Figure 8 As shown.

[0106] The technical solutions described in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0107] 1. The four-band stacked satellite navigation antenna in this embodiment successfully achieves coverage of four frequency bands (S, B3, B2b, and L) through design and assembly. It employs a three-layer stacked structure, significantly reducing the antenna's size and weight, making it highly suitable for space-constrained scenarios such as airborne satellite navigation equipment. The antenna system utilizes a microstrip antenna design, combined with different polarization methods and feeding technologies, ensuring high isolation and signal transmission stability between frequency bands. In actual performance testing, comprehensive modeling and simulation of the antenna were performed using Ansys electromagnetic field simulation software. The results show that the antenna system exhibits excellent gain, in-band flatness, and phase center stability across all frequency bands, fully demonstrating its superior performance and reliability.

[0108] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations are possible with this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna, characterized by, The application relates to a multi-band antenna. The S-band antenna is designed as a receiving antenna, a feeding point of the S-band antenna is arranged in the center of the antenna, a U-shaped slot prolonging a current path is designed, four protruding rectangles on four edges of a radiation patch are designed as perturbations of the S-band antenna, the size of the perturbations is adjusted to control impedance matching degree and a standing wave ratio of the S-band antenna, two cut angles of the S-band antenna are arranged on a diagonal line of the antenna to form right-hand circular polarization, and the size of the cut angles of the S-band antenna is adjusted to control an axial ratio of the S-band antenna. The B3-band antenna is a receiving antenna and forms a double-layered structure with the S-band antenna. The B3-band antenna adopts a double-point feeding mode, the feeding point 1 of the B3-band antenna and the feeding point 2 of the B3-band antenna have the same feeding amplitude, the phase of the feeding point 2 of the B3-band antenna leads the phase of the feeding point 1 of the B3-band antenna by 90 degrees, right-hand circular polarization is formed, a short-circuit point of the B3-band antenna is arranged in the center of the B3-band antenna, three protruding rectangles on four edges of a radiation patch of the B3-band antenna are designed as perturbations, and the size of the rectangles is adjusted to control impedance matching degree and a standing wave ratio of the B3-band antenna. The L-band antenna is designed as a transmitting antenna by adopting a single-point feeding mode, two cut angles 2 of the L-band antenna are arranged on a diagonal line of the antenna to form left-hand circular polarization, and the size of the cut angles 2 of the L-band antenna is adjusted to control an axial ratio of the L-band antenna. The B2b-band antenna is designed as a receiving antenna by adopting a double-point feeding mode, the feeding point 1 of the B2b-band antenna and the feeding point 2 of the B2b-band antenna have the same feeding amplitude, the phase of the feeding point 2 of the B2b-band antenna leads the phase of the feeding point 1 of the B2b-band antenna by 90 degrees, right-hand circular polarization is formed, square slots prolonging a current path are designed, and two protruding rectangles on four edges of a radiation patch of the B2b-band antenna are designed as perturbations. The size of the perturbations is adjusted to control impedance matching degree and a standing wave ratio of the B2b-band antenna. The feeding line of the S-band antenna is connected with the feeding point of the S-band antenna to provide power supply for the S-band antenna, a Wilkinson power divider 1 is used to divide the power of the feeding line of the B3-band antenna into two paths, a Wilkinson power divider 2 is used to divide the power of the feeding line of the B2b-band antenna into two paths, and the feeding line of the L-band antenna is connected with the feeding point of the L-band antenna to provide power supply for the L-band antenna.

2. A 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The power of the feeding line of the B3-band antenna is divided into two paths, including: one left path reaches the feeding point 2 of the B3-band antenna through a 90-degree phase-shifting network 1, and one right path directly reaches the feeding point 1; the phases of the two feeding points are different by 90 degrees, so that the B3-band antenna has right-hand circular polarization.

3. A 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The power of the feeding line of the B2b-band antenna is divided into two paths, including: one left path reaches the feeding point 2 of the B2b-band antenna through a 90-degree phase-shifting network 2, and one right path directly reaches the feeding point 1; the phases of the two feeding points are different by 90 degrees, so that the B2b-band antenna has right-hand circular polarization.

4. A 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The S-band antenna and the B3-band antenna form a double-layered structure, the S-band antenna is located in the upper layer, and the B3-band antenna is located in the lower layer; the B2b-band antenna and the L-band antenna form a double-layered structure, the B2b-band antenna is located in the lower layer, and the L-band antenna is located in the upper layer. ​ 5. A 4-band stacked satellite navigation antenna as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that ​ The double-layered structure composed of S-band antenna and B3-band antenna and the layered structure composed of B2b-band antenna and L-band antenna S304, the stripline feed network layer is located in the third layer of the layered structure, that is, the lower layer of B3-band antenna and L-band antenna; each frequency band antenna and the stripline feed network layer are assembled to form a complete 4-frequency-band layered satellite navigation antenna.

6. The 4-frequency-band layered satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein the S-band antenna is a microstrip antenna, the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, the feed mode is single-point feed, and the S-band antenna receives a 2491.75 MHz ± 8.16 MHz signal; the B3-band antenna is a microstrip antenna, the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, the feed mode is double-point feed, and the B3-band antenna receives a 1268.52 MHz ± 10.23 MHz signal; the B2b-band antenna is a microstrip antenna, the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, the feed mode is double-point feed, and the B2b-band antenna receives a 1207.14 MHz ± 10.23 MHz signal; the L-band antenna is a microstrip antenna, the polarization mode is left-hand circular polarization, the feed mode is single-point feed, and the L-band antenna transmits a 1615.68 MHz ± 8.16 MHz signal. ​

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