Unmanned ship broadside soft and hard mixed folding fender module and unmanned ship

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned ship broadside soft and hard mixed folding fender module and an unmanned ship, and the fender module is suitable for the unmanned ship. The fender module comprises a fixing frame arranged on the ship board side, a shell arranged on the fixing frame and provided with a containing cavity, a hanging buckle assembly arranged between the shell and the fixing frame, and a first buffering assembly arranged in the containing cavity, distributed in a preset mode and composed of a plurality of buffering sets. And the second buffer assembly is arranged on one side, deviating from the fixing frame, of the shell and is sequentially provided with a wear-resistant layer, a buffer layer and a bearing layer from outside to inside. The fender module achieves graded energy absorption during collision through the synergistic effect of multiple layers of buffer structures, and the impact peak value is effectively reduced; and meanwhile, the modular design facilitates installation and maintenance, the soft and hard mixed structure gives consideration to abrasion resistance and buffering performance, and the safety and adaptability of berthing operation of the unmanned ship are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to unmanned ship berthing anti -collision technical field especially relates to an unmanned ship side soft and hard mixed folding fender module and unmanned ship. BACKGROUND

[0002] Unmanned ship is in the process of wharf berthing, formation and berthing or towing operation, and the side is easy to low-speed collision and scratch, and the traditional fender structure usually adopts whole rubber or single hardness material, and there are problems such as fixed volume, non-folding, difficult installation position adjustment, etc. This kind of structure is easy to appear local stress concentration when stressed, and it is difficult to take into account the needs of buffer energy absorption and stable positioning: if the material is soft, it is easy to collapse excessively after being pressed, resulting in direct contact with the ship body, if the material is hard, it is easy to produce rebound peak and lateral shear, aggravating the post-collision effect. In addition, the existing fender lacks effective and rapid hanging and anti-falling mechanism, and is easy to fall off under the action of wave and ship relative displacement, and it is easy to form attached water between the fender and the side after berthing, inducing water wedge effect and fouling corrosion, and lacking direct wear indication, it is difficult to judge the replacement opportunity in time. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the utility model aims at providing an unmanned ship side soft and hard mixed folding fender module and unmanned ship, which realizes graded energy absorption and attitude stability through the soft and hard mixed buffer structure and folding positioning design, and solves the problem that the traditional fender is difficult to take into account the buffer effect and installation adaptability.

[0004] In order to realize the above technical purpose, in the first aspect, the present application provides an unmanned ship side soft and hard mixed folding fender module, which is suitable for unmanned ship, the unmanned ship includes ship side, the fender module includes fixing frame, shell, hanging buckle assembly, first buffer assembly and second buffer assembly, the fixing frame is arranged on the ship side, the shell is arranged on the fixing frame, the shell has a containing cavity, the shell is made of flexible material, and the shell can be deformed according to the actual situation, the hanging buckle assembly is arranged between the shell and the fixing frame, the first buffer assembly is arranged in the containing cavity, the first buffer assembly includes a plurality of buffer groups and at least two gear groups, the plurality of buffer groups are distributed in the containing cavity in a preset mode, and the two gear groups are arranged on the two sides of the region where the buffer group is located respectively, and the second buffer assembly is arranged on the side of the shell away from the fixing frame, the second buffer assembly is sequentially provided with wear-resistant layer, buffer layer and bearing layer from outside to inside, and the buffer group is used to support the second buffer assembly.

[0005] In some embodiments, the unmanned ship side soft and hard mixed folding fender module further includes a base, the base is connected with the fixing frame through the hanging buckle assembly, and the shell is arranged on the base.

[0006] In some embodiments, each buffer group comprises an elastic member, a first limiting block and a second limiting block, the elastic member is arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the elastic member abuts against the base, and the other end of the elastic member abuts against the inner side wall of the shell; the first limiting block is arranged between the elastic member and the base; and the second limiting block is arranged between the elastic member and the shell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the buffer group further comprises a telescopic rod, the telescopic rod is arranged between the first limiting block and the second limiting block, and the outer side of the telescopic rod is sleeved with the elastic member.

[0008] In some embodiments, the gear group comprises a first adjusting plate, a second adjusting plate, a first sliding groove and a second sliding groove, the first adjusting plate has a first movable end and a first fixed end, the first fixed end is fixed on the base, and the first movable end is arranged towards the inner side of the shell away from the base; the second adjusting plate is hingedly connected to the middle part of the first adjusting plate, the second adjusting plate has a second fixed end and a second movable end, the second fixed end is fixed on the inner side of the shell away from the base, and the second movable end is arranged towards the base, and the hinge connection between the second adjusting plate and the first adjusting plate is configured as a damping hinge connection; the first sliding groove is arranged on the base, the first sliding groove is matched with the second movable end, and the second movable end is movable in the first sliding groove; and the second sliding groove is arranged on the inner side of the shell away from the base, the second sliding groove is matched with the first movable end, and the first movable end is movable in the second sliding groove.

[0009] In some embodiments, the number of the hanging buckle assemblies is two, each hanging buckle assembly comprises a clamping seat and a clamping ring, the clamping seat is arranged on the fixing frame, the clamping seat is provided with a first guide groove and a first clamping groove, the first guide groove is in communication with the first clamping groove, and the first guide groove is in a V shape; the clamping ring is arranged on the base and on the side of the base facing the fixing frame, the clamping ring is matched with the first clamping groove, and the first guide groove is used for guiding the clamping ring into the first clamping groove.

[0010] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer is configured as a TPU or NBR-PU composite material, the Shore A hardness is 80-90; the buffer layer is configured as an elastomer or a closed-cell foam, the Shore A hardness is 45-60; and the force-bearing layer is configured as a fiber-reinforced plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer is further provided with a plurality of drainage grooves; and the wear-resistant layer is embedded with a wear mark layer.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an unmanned ship, comprising a ship body and at least two fender modules, the ship body has a ship side; and the at least two fender modules are arranged on the ship side, and the fender modules are the fender modules of the first aspect.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model provides a unmanned ship side soft and hard mixed folding fender module and unmanned ship, the fender module is applicable to unmanned ship, the fender module includes the fixed frame of setting at the ship side, the casing of setting on the fixed frame and having the accommodation cavity, the hanging buckle assembly of setting between the casing and the fixed frame, the first buffer assembly of setting in the accommodation cavity and being composed of multiple buffer groups of preset mode distribution, and the second buffer assembly of setting at the side of casing away from the fixed frame and sequentially setting wear -resisting layer, buffer layer and force -bearing layer from outside to inside. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawing needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description, and obviously, the drawing in the following description is only some embodiments of the utility model, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0015] Figure 1 It is the first structure schematic view of the fender module described in the specific embodiment;

[0016] Figure 2 It is the second structure schematic view of the fender module described in the specific embodiment;

[0017] Figure 3 It is the third structure schematic view of the fender module described in the specific embodiment;

[0018] Figure 4 It is the overhead section structure schematic view of the fender module described in the specific embodiment;

[0019] Figure 5 It is the side section structure schematic view of the fender module described in the specific embodiment.

[0020] The reference signs of the above-mentioned drawings are as follows:

[0021] 1, fixed frame;

[0022] 2, casing;

[0023] 3, hanging buckle assembly;

[0024] 31, card seat;

[0025] 32, snap ring;

[0026] 4、first buffer assembly;

[0027] 41、buffer group;

[0028] 411、elastic member;

[0029] 412、first limiting block;

[0030] 413、second limiting block;

[0031] 414、telescopic rod;

[0032] 42、gear group;

[0033] 421、first adjusting plate;

[0034] 422、second adjusting plate;

[0035] 423、first sliding groove;

[0036] 424、second sliding groove;

[0037] 5、second buffer assembly;

[0038] 6、base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It is particularly pointed out that the following embodiments are only used for illustrating the utility model, but do not limit the scope of the utility model. Similarly, the following embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 In the first aspect, the embodiment provides a unmanned ship side soft and hard hybrid folding fender module, which is suitable for unmanned ship, and the unmanned ship includes a ship side, and the fender module includes a fixing frame 1, a shell 2, a hanging buckle assembly 3, a first buffer assembly 4 and a second buffer assembly 5, the fixing frame 1 is arranged on the ship side, the shell 2 is arranged on the fixing frame 1, and the shell 2 has a containing cavity; the shell 2 is configured to be made of flexible material, and the shell 2 can be deformed according to actual conditions; the hanging buckle assembly 3 is arranged between the shell 2 and the fixing frame 1; the first buffer assembly 4 is arranged in the containing cavity, the first buffer assembly 4 includes a plurality of buffer groups 41 and at least two gear groups 42, the plurality of buffer groups 41 are distributed in the containing cavity in a preset mode, and the two gear groups 42 are arranged on the two sides of the region where the buffer groups 41 are located; the second buffer assembly 5 is arranged on the side, away from the fixing frame 1, of the shell 2, and the second buffer assembly 5 sequentially includes a wear-resistant layer, a buffer layer and a bearing layer from outside to inside.

[0041] In the embodiment, the fixed frame 1 serves as a connecting base between the fender module and the ship side, for stably fixing the entire fender module on the ship side. The shell 2 is detachably connected with the fixed frame 1 through the hooking assembly 3, and the accommodating cavity arranged inside the shell 2 provides installation space for the first buffer assembly 4. It should be noted that the shell 2 is made of flexible material, such as silica gel, corrugated pipe, high polymer plastic, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment. The shell 2 has multi-directional deformation capability, so that when encountering multi-angle impact, the stress can be fully transmitted to the first buffer assembly 4 and the second buffer assembly 5 inside.

[0042] The first buffer assembly 4 is composed of a plurality of buffer groups 41 arranged in a preset manner. Such distributed layout can uniformly disperse the impact load to the entire fender module, avoiding local stress concentration. The second buffer assembly 5 adopts a three-layer composite structure, in which the wear-resistant layer is located at the outermost layer and directly bears the friction and scraping action; the buffer layer in the middle mainly bears the energy absorption function; and the force-bearing layer at the innermost layer is responsible for transmitting the impact force to the internal structure. Preferably, the plurality of buffer groups 41 can be arranged in a matrix or staggered manner to form a multi-stage buffer area, achieving a progressive energy absorption effect. It should be noted that the buffer group 41 is made of elastic material, and the second buffer assembly 5 supported by the buffer group 41 will deform to a certain extent under the support of the buffer group 41, becoming a bulging structure (indicated by the dashed-dotted line), which is protruding in the middle and fixed on both sides by the gear group 42 described below, and the impact force in the middle is greater. Figure 1

[0043] In the embodiment, the first buffer assembly 4 further includes at least two gear groups 42 arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the two gear groups 42 are respectively arranged on both sides of the area where the buffer group 41 is located. The gear group 42 is used to adjust the thickness of the shell 2 to switch the fender module from the storage state to the use state.

[0044] In the embodiment, the gear group 42 serves as an auxiliary adjusting mechanism of the first buffer assembly 4 and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the buffer group 41 area to form a lateral constraint to the main buffer area. It should be noted that the gear group 42 is mainly used for state switching of the fender module. Specifically, when the fender module is not in use, it can be placed in the storage state (i.e., the shell 2 and the buffer group 41 are compressed to the maximum extent) through the gear group 42. On this basis, when in use, the shell 2 can be restored to the normal expanded state by adjusting the gear group 42. On this basis, if the shell 2 in the expanded state is subjected to a great impact, the gear group 42 can also serve as a "buffer group" of a secondary buffer function, and the gear group 42 will work together with the buffer group 41 as a buffer to absorb and release energy, thereby achieving buffer adjustment of different impact intensities. For example, Figure 4 ​As shown, when the impact force arrow compresses the shell 2 from right to left, the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 of the gear group 42 will rotate correspondingly (as described below), thereby further compressing the shell 2 and achieving potential energy buffering. It should be noted that the buffering effect of the gear group 42 is triggered passively based on objective conditions, and the main function of the gear group 42 is to switch the use state of the fender module. The gear group 42 provides adjustable mechanical limit points, allowing the fender module to adapt to different intensity collision conditions.

[0045] Preferably, the gear group 42 can adopt a multi-stage slot structure or an adjustable bolt positioning method, allowing quick adjustment of the limit position according to actual needs. The contact surface of the gear group 42 and the inner wall of the shell 2 can be provided with friction-reducing materials to ensure smooth adjustment and reduce wear.

[0046] As previously described, in some embodiments, when the fender module is subjected to a collision, the gear group 42 works with the buffer group 41 to maintain the overall structural stability by limiting the lateral deformation of the shell 2. Under strong impact, the additional support points provided by the gear group 42 can disperse the load and prevent the buffer group 41 from overloading and failing.

[0047] This embodiment significantly improves the working condition adaptability and structural reliability of the fender module by adding bilateral gear groups 42. The symmetrical arrangement of the gear group 42 ensures the balance of load distribution, effectively preventing performance degradation due to unbalanced loading, allowing the fender module to flexibly adjust the buffering characteristics according to the actual collision intensity, ensuring both flexibility in light load collisions and structural integrity in heavy load impacts. The adjustable characteristics of the gear group 42 also extend the service life of the fender module, compensating for performance degradation caused by long-term use through timely adjustment.

[0048] When the unmanned ship collides during berthing, the second buffer assembly 5 first contacts the collision object, and the buffer layer compresses and deforms to absorb the initial impact energy, and the load-bearing layer transmits the remaining load to the shell 2; at the same time, the multiple buffer groups 41 in the first buffer assembly 4 work together to further dissipate impact energy through elastic deformation. This double-buffering design allows the fender module to effectively handle different intensity collision conditions. The hanging buckle assembly 3 not only enables quick installation and removal of the fender module, but also provides additional restraint force when subjected to a large impact, preventing the module from falling off. During the entire buffering process, the coordinated work of the inner and outer buffer assemblies ensures the graded absorption of impact energy, preventing both damage to the ship body from rigid collisions and failure of the fender module due to excessive deformation.

[0049] The embodiment achieves the hierarchical energy absorption function of the fender module by setting the inner and outer double buffering assemblies. When a collision occurs, the second buffering assembly 5 of the outer layer first absorbs most of the impact energy, and the first buffering assembly 4 of the inner layer provides supplementary buffering, and the synergistic effect significantly improves the energy absorption efficiency. The distributed layout of the plurality of buffering assemblies 41 ensures uniform load distribution and avoids the local overload problem commonly seen in traditional fenders. The modular structure design facilitates installation and maintenance, and the hanging buckle assembly 3 realizes quick disassembly and assembly, improving the operation convenience. The soft and hard mixed material combination not only ensures sufficient buffering performance, but also provides necessary structural strength, effectively solving the technical problem that the traditional fender is difficult to balance between energy absorption effect and structural stability.

[0050] In some embodiments, the unmanned ship fender module also includes a base 6 connected to the fixed frame 1 through the hanging buckle assembly 3, and the base 6 is provided with the shell 2.

[0051] In the embodiment, the base 6 not only provides a stable installation basis for the shell 2, but also plays an important role in uniformly transmitting the collision load from the shell 2 to the fixed frame 1. This split design allows the base 6 to be optimized for load-bearing requirements, while the shell 2 can focus on buffering protection functions, achieving reasonable division of labor among functional modules. Preferably, the base 6 can adopt a plate structure with reinforcing ribs to ensure structural strength while controlling overall weight.

[0052] When the fender module is impacted, the base 6 acts as the main force transmission path, effectively dispersing the concentrated load to the entire fixed frame 1 installation area, avoiding potential damage to the ship structure caused by stress concentration, and providing a precise positioning reference for the installation of the buffering assembly 41 in the subsequent embodiment. The hanging buckle assembly 3 cooperates with the base 6 to form a quick disassembly and assembly interface, facilitating the replacement of damaged parts individually without the need to disassemble the entire fender module.

[0053] The embodiment adds the base 6 structure to establish a more perfect force transmission path. During the collision process, the impact force is transmitted to the base 6 through the shell 2, then dispersed to the fixed frame 1 through the hanging buckle assembly 3, and finally borne by the ship side. This hierarchical force transmission mechanism effectively reduces the local stress peak value and improves the overall reliability of the fender module. At the same time, the split structure also simplifies the maintenance process, allowing individual replacement of damaged parts, significantly reducing maintenance costs and use difficulty.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5In some embodiments, each buffer group 41 includes a resilient member 411, a first limiting block 412, and a second limiting block 413. The resilient member 411 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, one end of the resilient member 411 abuts against the base 6, and the other end of the resilient member 411 abuts against the inner side wall of the shell 2. The first limiting block 412 is arranged between the resilient member 411 and the base 6. The second limiting block 413 is arranged between the resilient member 411 and the shell 2.

[0055] In the present embodiment, the resilient member 411 absorbs and dissipates the collision energy through its elastic deformation. The first limiting block 412 is arranged between the resilient member 411 and the base 6, mainly serving as positioning and load transmission, ensuring that the resilient member 411 remains stable and centered during compression. The second limiting block 413 is arranged between the resilient member 411 and the shell 2, limiting the maximum compression stroke of the resilient member 411 to prevent excessive deformation and damage to the components. This double-limiting block structure forms a reliable mechanical limiting system, providing the resilient member 411 with a precise working range.

[0056] Preferably, the resilient member 411 can be a coil spring or an elastic rubber column, and its stiffness coefficient can be matched and designed according to the expected collision energy. The contact surfaces of the first limiting block 412 and the second limiting block 413 can be provided with a wear-resistant coating to improve reliability during long-term use. The gap between the limiting blocks and the resilient member 411 is precisely calculated to ensure the buffering effect while avoiding impact noise caused by excessive gaps.

[0057] When the fender module is subjected to a collision, the shell 2 is compressed inward to push the second limiting block 413, which in turn compresses the resilient member 411 to produce a buffering effect. The first limiting block 412 transmits part of the load to the base 6 while preventing the resilient member 411 from shifting during compression. The cooperative action of the double limiting blocks ensures that the resilient member 411 always works within the preset stroke range, fully utilizing the buffering performance while avoiding permanent deformation caused by overtravel.

[0058] The present embodiment provides precise guidance and limiting protection for the resilient member 411 by setting a double-limiting block structure. During the collision process, the first limiting block 412 and the second limiting block 413 jointly constrain the movement trajectory of the resilient member 411, ensuring stable compression in the predetermined direction and effectively preventing a decrease in buffering efficiency caused by lateral deviation. The limiting blocks are also arranged to facilitate precise control of the buffering stroke by adjusting their thickness, providing convenience for performance optimization under different working conditions. The present embodiment significantly improves the working reliability of the buffer group 41, prolongs the service life, and ensures consistent buffering effect during each collision.

[0059] In some embodiments, the buffer group 41 further comprises a telescopic rod 414, which is arranged between the first limiting block 412 and the second limiting block 413, and the outer side of the telescopic rod 414 is sleeved with an elastic element 411.

[0060] In the present embodiment, the telescopic rod 414 serves as a guide element of the buffer group 41, is arranged inside the elastic element 411, and the two ends thereof are respectively in sliding fit with the first limiting block 412 and the second limiting block 413, so as to ensure that the elastic element 411 always moves along a straight line during compression and rebound, and effectively prevents jamming or abnormal wear caused by eccentric load. The telescopic rod 414 not only provides precise movement guidance, but also shares part of the axial load, thereby improving the carrying capacity of the entire buffer group 41.

[0061] Preferably, the telescopic rod 414 can adopt an inner-outer sleeve structure, cooperates with a precision bearing or a low-friction bushing, so as to ensure smooth movement. The surface of the rod body can be hardened to enhance wear resistance, and a grease injection port is arranged on the outer sleeve, so as to facilitate long-term maintenance and maintenance.

[0062] When the fender module bears a collision load, the telescopic rod 414 guides the elastic element 411 to be uniformly compressed in the axial direction, thereby avoiding the decrease of energy absorption efficiency caused by irregular deformation. During the rebound process, the telescopic rod 414 continues to maintain the guiding function, so as to ensure that the elastic element 411 can quickly recover to the initial state and be ready for the next buffering.

[0063] The present embodiment significantly improves the working stability and service life of the buffer group 41 by adding the telescopic rod 414 structure. The precise guiding function of the telescopic rod 414 ensures that the elastic element 411 always moves along the predetermined track, thereby eliminating the adverse effects of lateral deviation on the buffering performance. The present embodiment not only improves the energy absorption efficiency, but also reduces the performance degradation caused by friction and wear, so that the fender module can maintain stable buffering effect in long-term use. At the same time, the load sharing effect of the telescopic rod 414 enhances the overall strength of the buffer group 41, so that it can bear higher impact load.

[0064] In some embodiments, the gear set 42 comprises a first adjusting plate 421, a second adjusting plate 422, a first sliding groove 423 and a second sliding groove 424. The first adjusting plate 421 has a first fixed end fixed on the base 6 and a first movable end arranged towards the inner side of the housing 2 away from the base 6. The second adjusting plate 422 is hingedly connected to the first adjusting plate 421 at the middle part. The second adjusting plate 422 has a second fixed end fixed on the inner side of the housing 2 away from the base 6 and a second movable end arranged towards the base 6. The hingedly connection between the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 is configured as a damping hingedly connection. The first sliding groove 423 is arranged on the base 6 and is adapted to the second movable end which is movable in the first sliding groove 423. The second sliding groove 424 is arranged on the inner side of the housing 2 away from the base 6 and is adapted to the first movable end which is movable in the second sliding groove 424.

[0065] In the present embodiment, the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 form a link mechanism which can rotate relative to each other through the middle hingedly connection point. The two adjusting plates can adjust the angle according to the relative displacement between the housing 2 and the base 6. In the present embodiment, the damping hingedly connection is different from the common hingedly connection. In the connection mode of the damping hingedly connection, the rotation between the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 has damping, i.e. only when the force reaches a certain degree, the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 will produce relative sliding. In the case of the built-in buffer set 41, the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 will maintain the maximum connection state due to the support between the housing 2 and the buffer set 41 in normal state. When there is greater impact force which compresses the buffer set 41 and the housing 2, the damping hingedly connection characteristics of the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 will further absorb the impact force to achieve a passive buffer absorption effect. The first sliding groove 423 provides a precise guide rail for the second movable end to ensure that the second adjusting plate 422 maintains a stable trajectory during movement. The second sliding groove 424 guides the first movable end to move along a predetermined path. The cooperative action of the two sliding grooves realizes the smooth operation of the gear set 42.

[0066] Preferably, the hingedly connection point can adopt a pin shaft connection with a self-lubricating bushing to reduce friction resistance and improve service life. Wear-resistant guide rails can be arranged in the sliding grooves, and the edges of the grooves are chamfered to avoid movement interference. The adjusting plates can be made of lightweight high-strength aluminum alloy material to reduce the overall weight while ensuring structural rigidity.

[0067] When the fender module is compressed, the shell 2 and the base 6 are relatively displaced, driving the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 to rotate around the hinge point. The second movable end slides in the first sliding groove 423, and the first movable end moves in the second sliding groove 424. This double sliding groove structure effectively restricts the movement range of the adjusting plate, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of gear adjustment. During the entire movement process, the change in the rotation angle of the adjusting plate corresponds to the compression stroke, achieving automatic switching of the multi-stage buffering effect.

[0068] The present embodiment achieves accurate guidance and stable operation of the gear set 42 by providing a hinged adjusting plate and a double sliding groove structure. The connecting rod mechanism of the first adjusting plate 421 and the second adjusting plate 422 can convert the linear displacement between the shell 2 and the base 6 into a controllable change in the rotation angle, providing a reliable mechanical basis for multi-stage buffering. The design of the double sliding groove ensures that the moving parts always move along the predetermined trajectory, eliminating the instability caused by excessive degrees of freedom. The present embodiment not only improves the accuracy of gear adjustment, but also significantly enhances the durability of the entire fender module under repeated impact loads. The cooperation between the adjusting plate and the sliding groove enables the buffering characteristics to be automatically optimized according to the actual working conditions, ensuring both flexibility under light load and structural reliability under heavy load, effectively improving the working condition adaptability of the fender module.

[0069] In some embodiments, the number of hanging buckle assemblies 3 is two, each hanging buckle assembly 3 including a clamping seat 31 and a clamping ring 32. The clamping seat 31 is arranged on the fixed frame 1, and the clamping seat 31 is provided with a first guide groove and a first clamping groove, the first guide groove and the first clamping groove being in communication, and the first guide groove being V-shaped. The clamping ring 32 is arranged on the base 6 and is arranged on the side of the base 6 facing the fixed frame 1, and the clamping ring 32 is matched with the first clamping groove, and the first guide groove is used to guide the clamping ring 32 into the first clamping groove.

[0070] In the present embodiment, the symmetrical arrangement of the two hanging buckle assemblies 3 ensures the balance of the connection between the base 6 and the fixed frame 1, effectively preventing the moment imbalance that may be caused by single-point connection. The clamping seat 31, as a fixed component, is installed on the fixed frame 1, and its V-shaped first guide groove has a self-centering function, which can guide the clamping ring 32 to smoothly enter the predetermined position at the initial stage of installation. The first clamping groove provides the final locking position for the clamping ring 32, and its shape is accurately matched with the clamping ring 32 to ensure the reliability of the connection.

[0071] Preferably, the clamping ring 32 can adopt a cylindrical structure with a chamfer, which facilitates smooth cooperation with the V-shaped guide groove. The material of the clamping seat 31 can be wear-resistant alloy steel, and the first guide groove surface can be hardened to improve the service life. The two hanging buckle assemblies 3 can be arranged in mirror symmetry, further enhancing the stability of the connection.

[0072] During installation, the operator aligns the snap ring 32 on the base 6 with the V-shaped first guide groove of the seat 31, and the inclined surface of the guide groove guides the snap ring 32 to automatically slide into the first clamping groove. The double-hanging buckle assembly 3 acts simultaneously to ensure that the base 6 and the fixing frame 1 are quickly and accurately docked.

[0073] The embodiment realizes quick installation and reliable connection of the fender module by arranging the double-hanging buckle assembly 3 and the V-shaped guide groove structure. The inclined surface of the V-shaped first guide groove significantly reduces the installation accuracy requirement, and even if there is a certain position deviation, the self-centering function can still realize accurate positioning. The symmetrical arrangement of the double-hanging buckle assembly 3 ensures uniform distribution of the load and avoids stress concentration that may be caused by single-point connection. The embodiment not only improves the installation efficiency, but also enhances the reliability of the connection part under dynamic load, effectively preventing connection loosening caused by vibration or impact.

[0074] In some embodiments, the wear-resistant layer is configured as a TPU or NBR-PU composite material with a Shore A hardness of 80-90; the buffer layer is configured as an elastomer or closed-cell foam with a Shore A hardness of 45-60; and the load-bearing layer is configured as a fiber-reinforced plate.

[0075] In the embodiment, the wear-resistant layer is made of TPU or NBR-PU composite material, and the setting of the Shore A hardness of 80-90 enables it to have excellent scratch resistance and wear resistance, effectively resisting friction damage during berthing. The buffer layer is made of elastomer or closed-cell foam material, and the range of the Shore A hardness of 45-60 ensures good energy absorption characteristics, and dissipates impact energy through elastic deformation when colliding. The load-bearing layer uses fiber-reinforced plate material to provide necessary structural support and load transfer capability for the entire fender module.

[0076] Preferably, the wear-resistant layer surface can be provided with anti-slip texture to enhance the friction coefficient, the buffer layer can adopt a gradual density structure to achieve a gradual buffering effect, and the load-bearing layer can be optimized through fiber layering to improve the carrying capacity in a specific direction. The hardness gradient design of the three-layer material forms a reasonable transition from hard to soft from the outside to the inside.

[0077] When the fender module contacts the collision object, the wear-resistant layer first bears the surface friction, the buffer layer then compresses and deforms to absorb impact energy, and the load-bearing layer smoothly transfers the remaining load to the internal structure. This material combination realizes effective division of functions.

[0078] The embodiment realizes significant improvement of the fender module performance by optimizing the hardness configuration and material properties of the three-layer material. The high hardness of the wear-resistant layer ensures the durability of long-term use, the moderate hardness of the buffer layer provides an ideal energy absorption effect, and the load-bearing layer ensures the overall structural stability. The embodiment not only meets the performance requirements of different functional layers, but also realizes smooth transition of the load through the hardness gradient, avoiding stress concentration caused by sudden stiffness change. The synergistic work of the materials in each layer enables the fender module to effectively resist daily wear and tear and reliably absorb collision energy, significantly improving the service life and protection effect.

[0079] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer is also provided with a plurality of drainage guide grooves; and the wear-resistant layer is embedded with a wear mark layer.

[0080] In the embodiment, the drainage guide grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer, forming a continuous drainage channel that can quickly drain the retained water between the fender module and the contact surface. As shown in Figure 2 The drainage guide grooves are a plurality of parallel grooves that penetrate the wear-resistant layer of the second buffer assembly 5, dividing the wear-resistant layer into a plurality of curved surfaces and forming a structure with a wavy cross-section. The wear mark layer is embedded at a specific depth inside the wear-resistant layer and has a color or pattern that is significantly different from the surface layer material. When the wear-resistant layer is worn to a critical thickness, the wear mark layer is automatically exposed.

[0081] Optionally, the drainage guide grooves can adopt a mesh or radial layout, and the groove depth and spacing are optimized according to the expected drainage volume. The wear mark layer can be provided with multiple color bands corresponding to different degrees of wear, providing more accurate basis for maintenance decisions.

[0082] When the fender module contacts a wet surface, the drainage guide grooves immediately guide the water outward, effectively breaking the continuity of the water film. As the use time increases, the wear-resistant layer gradually wears, and when it reaches the preset thickness, the wear mark layer appears, prompting the need for maintenance and replacement.

[0083] The embodiment significantly improves the practicality and maintenance convenience of the fender module by adding drainage guide grooves and a wear mark layer. The drainage guide grooves effectively solve the problem of water accumulation during berthing, reducing the additional load caused by water wedge effect and suppressing the corrosion risk caused by water retention. The wear mark layer provides an intuitive indication of the wear state, enabling maintenance personnel to accurately determine the replacement timing in a timely manner, avoiding performance degradation or structural failure caused by excessive wear. This dual-function design not only prolongs the effective service life of the fender module, but also reduces maintenance costs and use risks.

[0084] In a second aspect, the embodiment also provides an unmanned ship, including a ship body and at least two fender modules, the ship body having a ship side; the at least two fender modules are arranged on the ship side, and the fender module is the fender module of the first aspect.

[0085] In the embodiment, the unmanned ship forms a complete side protection system by arranging at least two fender modules symmetrically on the ship side, can be optimized according to the ship structure and the expected collision position, and ensures that the key area is protected. The fender module adopts the soft and hard mixed folding structure in the foregoing embodiment, each module works independently and cooperates with each other, and jointly constitutes a hierarchical protection system.

[0086] Preferably, the fender modules can be arranged at equal intervals along the ship side, and the key protection area can appropriately increase the module density. The installation position of each module can be personalized according to the ship line and operation characteristics, so as to realize the best protection effect.

[0087] When the unmanned ship is in berthing operation, multiple fender modules work cooperatively, and the buffer function is started according to the actual contact condition. This distributed protection design can effectively disperse the impact load and avoid local overload, while providing redundant protection.

[0088] The embodiment integrates multiple fender modules into the ship side of the unmanned ship, and builds a comprehensive and reliable protection system. The multiple modules work cooperatively to realize effective dispersion of load and hierarchical absorption of energy, which significantly improves the safety of the ship body under complex berthing conditions. The modular design allows flexible adjustment of the protection configuration according to actual needs, which ensures the protection effect and avoids resource waste. This integrated solution enables the unmanned ship to adapt to different berthing scenarios, while simplifying the maintenance process, and the replacement of a single module does not affect the continuity of the overall protection system, effectively improving the reliability and economy of the unmanned ship operation.

[0089] By adopting the above technical scheme, the utility model is different from the prior art, and has the following beneficial effects: the hierarchical energy absorption function is realized by setting the inner and outer double buffer components, the second buffer component 5 adopts a three-layer composite structure, the wear-resistant layer, the buffer layer and the bearing layer form a hardness gradient from the outside to the inside, and respectively bear the anti-wear, energy absorption and structure support functions; the first buffer component 4 is distributedly arranged by multiple buffer groups 41, cooperates with the double limiting blocks and the telescopic rod 414 structure to ensure accurate guidance and stable compression. When collision occurs, the outer buffer layer first absorbs the impact energy, the inner multiple buffer groups 41 cooperatively further consume the remaining energy, and the gear group 42 realizes automatic switching of multiple levels of buffering through the hinged adjusting plate and the double sliding groove structure. The V-shaped guide groove design of the hanging buckle component 3 realizes rapid installation and positioning, the drainage drainage groove effectively removes the retained water, and the wear mark layer provides intuitive maintenance indication.

[0090] The soft and hard mixed folding structure effectively solves the problem that the traditional fender is difficult to balance the energy absorption effect and structural stability. The synergistic work of the inner and outer buffer components significantly improves the energy absorption efficiency, and the distributed layout avoids local stress concentration. The modular design facilitates installation and maintenance, the double hanging buckle component 3 ensures the connection reliability, and the material hardness gradient realizes the smooth transition of the load. The technical scheme makes the fender module have good wear resistance and structural strength while ensuring the buffering performance, and significantly improves the safety and adaptability of the unmanned ship berthing operation.

[0091] The above only describes some embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the protection scope of the present application, and any equivalent device or equivalent process conversion using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An unmanned ship side soft and hard hybrid folding fender module, characterized in that, The application is suitable for unmanned ship, the ship includes a ship side, the fender module comprises: a fixed frame arranged on the ship side; a shell arranged on the fixed frame, the shell has a receiving cavity, the shell is made of flexible material, and the shell can be deformed according to actual conditions; a hanging buckle assembly arranged between the shell and the fixed frame; a first buffer assembly arranged in the receiving cavity, the first buffer assembly comprises a plurality of buffer groups and at least two gear groups, the plurality of buffer groups are distributed in the receiving cavity in a preset manner, and the two gear groups are arranged on both sides of the buffer group area respectively; a second buffer assembly arranged on the side of the shell away from the fixed frame, the second buffer assembly sequentially comprises a wear-resistant layer, a buffer layer and a bearing layer from outside to inside, and the buffer group is used for supporting the second buffer assembly.

2. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a base connected with the fixed frame through the hanging buckle assembly, and the base is provided with the shell.

3. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 2, wherein, Each buffer group comprises: a resilient member arranged in the receiving cavity, one end of the resilient member is abutted against the base, and the other end of the resilient member is abutted against the inner side wall of the shell; a first limiting block arranged between the resilient member and the base; a second limiting block arranged between the resilient member and the shell.

4. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 3, wherein, The buffer group further comprises: a telescopic rod arranged between the first limiting block and the second limiting block, and the outer side of the telescopic rod is provided with the resilient member.

5. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 2, wherein, The gear group comprises: a first adjusting plate having a first movable end and a first fixed end, the first fixed end is fixed on the base, and the first movable end is arranged on the inner side of the shell away from the base; a second adjusting plate hingedly connected with the middle part of the first adjusting plate, the second adjusting plate has a second fixed end and a second movable end, the second fixed end is fixed on the inner side of the shell away from the base, the second movable end is arranged towards the base, and the hinge connection between the second adjusting plate and the first adjusting plate is configured as a damping hinge; a first sliding groove arranged on the base, the first sliding groove is matched with the second movable end, and the second movable end can move in the first sliding groove; a second sliding groove arranged on the inner side of the shell away from the base, the second sliding groove is matched with the first movable end, and the first movable end can move in the second sliding groove.

6. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 2, wherein, The number of the hanging buckle assemblies is two, and each hanging buckle assembly comprises: a clamping seat arranged on the fixed frame, the clamping seat is provided with a first guide groove and a first clamping groove, the first guide groove is in communication with the first clamping groove, and the first guide groove is in V shape; a clamping ring arranged on the base and arranged on the side of the base facing the fixed frame, the clamping ring is matched with the first clamping groove, and the first guide groove is used for guiding the clamping ring into the first clamping groove.

7. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 1, wherein, The wear-resistant layer is configured as TPU or NBR-PU composite material, and the Shore A hardness is 80-90; the buffer layer is configured as an elastomer or a closed-cell foam, and the Shore A hardness is 45-60; The force bearing layer is configured as a fiber reinforced plate.

8. The hybrid folding fender module of claim 1, wherein, The outer surface of the wear-resistant layer is further provided with a plurality of drainage grooves. And / or, the wear-resistant layer is embedded with a wear mark layer.

9. An unmanned ship, characterized in that Comprise: A ship body having a ship side; At least two fender modules arranged on the ship side, the fender modules being the fender modules according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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