IV-type composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat

Abstract

The integrated optimization design is provided for solving the problems that an IV-type composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat is insufficient in air tightness, weak in anti-shearing force and concentrated in stress. The metal valve seat comprises an inner hole, an annular continuous limiting structure, an axial continuous limiting structure, a step type groove and a transition arc. The inner hole is connected with a cylinder valve in a threaded mode to form an efficient gas channel. Gradual arc transition is adopted between the top and the bottom of the metal valve seat, interface stress mutation is eliminated, and the sealing performance is improved through contact surface expansion; the annular continuous limiting structure and the axial continuous limiting structure cooperate to form a three-dimensional mechanical interlocking interface, and the torsion resistance and multiple anti-disengaging mechanisms are enhanced correspondingly. The stepped groove is a continuous step, the length of the stepped groove is larger than the radial length of the circumferential continuous limiting structure, and stress dispersion is optimized while circumferential stability is maintained. Through cooperative regulation and control of three-dimensional interlocking and multi-dimensional stress, the shear resistance, the tensile property and the overall pressure-bearing stability are remarkably enhanced, and the device is suitable for harsh working conditions such as high-pressure gas storage and mobile equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model discloses a Ⅳ type composite material pressure container valve seat production field, especially a Ⅳ type composite material pressure container metal valve seat. BACKGROUND

[0002] The industrial gas storage technology has formed an iteration system of Ⅰ type, Ⅱ type, Ⅲ type and Ⅳ type pressure containers, and mainly adopts Ⅰ type pressure containers on the market. The Ⅱ type pressure container is based on the Ⅰ type steel bottle (or aluminum bottle), and the pressure bearing capacity is improved and the weight is reduced by fiber winding. The Ⅲ type pressure container is further improved on the basis of the Ⅱ type, and the use of metal materials is reduced by full winding carbon fiber layer to improve the lightweight and pressure bearing capacity. However, the metal liner still has corrosion risks, and the high-strength fiber leads to rising manufacturing costs, which restricts its large-scale application.

[0003] The Ⅳ type composite material pressure container is the best development direction of the current high-pressure gas storage technology, which is especially suitable for the storage and transportation of hydrogen energy, CNG and other high-pressure industrial gases. It adopts a structure of plastic inner liner + full winding composite material + valve seat.

[0004] The metal valve seat is the connecting structure of the Ⅳ type composite material pressure container and the pressure container valve, which plays an important role in improving the pressure bearing capacity of the pressure container. Since the high-pressure hydrogen storage container with non-metallic material as the inner liner cannot directly process the structure meeting the strength and bottle valve connection on the inner liner, a metal valve seat is needed before processing the plastic inner liner to realize reliable connection of the pressure container bottle body and the gas valve and improve the pressure bearing capacity of the pressure container. At present, the Ⅳ type composite material pressure container has been applied in the field of fixed vehicle hydrogen storage, and the transportation link depends on mechanical equipment, so it adopts a conventional metal valve seat structure. The bottom of the conventional metal valve seat is directly assembled with the inner liner, and the upper surface and the side surface of the bottom are in smooth contact with the inner liner.

[0005] When the application scenario expands from fixed hydrogen storage to mobile and portable end, the technical characteristics of the Ⅳ type composite material pressure container show significant adaptive advantages. The pressure container adopts carbon fiber and epoxy resin matrix to build a composite layer structure, which significantly reduces the self-weight of the container and brings the possibility of manual carrying and moving. However, when moving to the portable end, the metal valve seat interface mechanical environment will change fundamentally - the combination part of the metal valve seat and the inner liner not only needs to cope with the continuous action of the medium pressure, but also needs to bear the dynamic shear load generated by lifting and carrying. In the face of the dual demands of lightweight and convenient transportation in the mobile end, breaking through the mechanical transmission mechanism of the existing metal valve seat structure and establishing a multi-dimensional stress coordination system have become the technical barriers to be overcome for promoting the mobile and portable Ⅳ type composite material pressure container. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0006] The utility model discloses a metal valve seat of type IV composite pressure vessel, which is arranged at the bottle opening of the end of the pressure vessel.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model discloses the following technical scheme:

[0008] A metal valve seat of type IV composite pressure vessel is arranged at the bottle opening of the end of the pressure vessel. The metal valve seat comprises a connecting unit at the top and a mechanical interlocking unit at the bottom. A transition arc is arranged between the connecting unit and the mechanical interlocking unit. The connecting unit comprises an inner hole that penetrates the metal valve seat in the axial direction. The mechanical interlocking unit comprises a circumferential continuous limiting structure and an axial continuous limiting structure.

[0009] The circumferential continuous limiting structure is arranged on the top surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat. The axial continuous limiting structure is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat.

[0010] The metal valve seat is further provided with a stepped groove that penetrates the bottom. The stepped groove is arranged in an array on the bottom of the metal valve seat.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the inner hole is threadedly connected with the bottle valve. The inner hole is in interference fit with the bottle valve.

[0012] Preferably, the circumferential continuous limiting structure comprises a plurality of circumferential grooves that are uniformly expanded in the radial direction.

[0013] Preferably, the axial continuous limiting structure comprises a plurality of circumferential protrusions that are uniformly distributed in the axial direction.

[0014] Preferably, the surface of the circumferential protrusions and the circumferential grooves is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0015] Preferably, the radial length of the stepped groove is greater than the radial length of the circumferential continuous limiting structure. The edge of the stepped groove is chamfered.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model patent has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The metal valve seat inner hole connects the bottle valve, and the bottle valve realizes the inflation and deflation. The inner hole channel end and the bottle valve outlet form an interference fit structure to ensure air tightness. At the same time, the transition arc structure is adopted at the top and bottom transition section of the metal valve seat. The sharp right angle or edge will cause the plastic melt flow to be blocked, and it is easy to form underfilling or micro-cracks during the molding process. The transition arc structure can guide the uniform flow of plastic, ensure that the inner container material completely fills the gap between the valve seat and the container wall, and eliminate the local weak area caused by sharp corners. The transition arc structure provides a continuous curved transition for the outer fiber winding layer (such as carbon fiber / glass fiber), avoiding wrinkles, suspension or local accumulation of fibers at right angles. This smoothness ensures that the fiber winding layer uniformly covers the valve seat area, forming a defect-free full winding structure. The transition arc is in contact with the plastic inner container and the fiber winding layer, ensuring the air tightness and pressure resistance of the composite pressure vessel.

[0018] After the metal valve seat is manufactured, the circumferential and axial continuous limiting structures provide displacement resistance to the plastic inner container of the pressure vessel in the circumferential and axial dimensions respectively through geometric interlocking and physical engagement, forming a composite anti-disengagement mechanism to ensure that the circumferential and axial continuous limiting structures are closely connected with the plastic inner container of the pressure vessel. The core goal is to ensure that the interface between the metal valve seat and the plastic inner container is mechanically constrained in multiple directions under dynamic load, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the pressure vessel.

[0019] On this basis, the stepped groove realizes the comprehensive improvement of sealing performance, mechanical stability and stress buffering and deformation resistance through geometric optimization.

[0020] 1. Enhanced sealing performance: multi-stage sealing contact: the stepped groove forms a multi-stage sealing surface that matches the corresponding structure of the plastic inner container, achieving more reliable sealing through step-by-step compression; at the same time, the stepped groove can distribute fluid pressure to different step surfaces, reducing stress concentration on a single sealing surface and reducing the risk of leakage.

[0021] 2. Optimize mechanical stability: the stepped groove forms a multi-dimensional limiting system with the circumferential and axial limiting structures, i.e., when the circumferential and axial limiting structures are slightly loose due to vibration or thermal expansion, the stepped groove can still resist the rotation of the inner container by engaging with the structure of the inner container.

[0022] 3. Stress buffering and deformation resistance: the stepped structure can gradually transfer the contact stress between the metal valve seat and the inner container, avoiding stress concentration in a single area and reducing the possibility of valve seat deformation or cracking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the application, and the illustrative embodiments of the application and their descriptions are used to explain the application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the application. Among them:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a conventional metal valve seat drawing for a type IV composite material pressure vessel.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a type IV composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat drawing of the utility model patent.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a type IV composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat of the utility model patent Figure 2 The structure schematic view of the partial enlargement in A of the middle.

[0027] Figure 4 It is a front view of a type IV composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat of the utility model patent.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a top view of a type IV composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat of the utility model patent.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a shear force simulation drawing of a conventional metal valve seat of a type IV composite material pressure vessel.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a shear force simulation drawing of a type IV composite material pressure vessel metal valve seat of the utility model patent.

[0031] In the drawing: 1, inner hole; 2, annular continuous limiting structure; 3, axial continuous limiting structure; 4, stepped groove; 5, transition arc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In the description of the utility model patent, it should be understood that, when specific positions are involved, for example, the positions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "annular", "axial", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model patent and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular position, be constructed and operated in a particular position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model patent. In the description of the utility model patent, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0033] The specific embodiments of the utility model patent will be further described in detail below in combination with the embodiment drawings, so that the technical scheme of the utility model patent is more easily understood and mastered, and the protection scope of the utility model patent is more clearly defined.

[0034] The utility model discloses a metal valve seat of IV type composite pressure container, increase the bearing capacity of valve seat, guarantee the close connection of pressure container, realize the pressure container's with take with put, improve the service life of pressure container.

[0035] The conventional metal valve seat of IV type composite pressure container is shown in the drawing, and it is contrasted with the metal valve seat of IV type composite pressure container, highlighting the features of the utility model patent. Figure 1

[0036] The structural features of the metal valve seat of IV type composite pressure container are shown in the drawing, and the metal valve seat of IV type composite pressure container comprises a coaxially arranged inner hole 1, a circumferential continuous limiting structure 2 and an axial continuous limiting structure 3. Figures 2 to 5

[0037] The circumferential continuous limiting structure 2 is arranged at the top surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat, and the axial continuous limiting structure 3 is arranged at the side surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat; a transition arc 5 is arranged between the inner hole 1 and the circumferential continuous limiting structure 2; a stepped groove 4 is arranged through the bottom of the metal valve seat, and the stepped groove 4 is arranged in an array at the bottom of the metal valve seat.

[0038] The inner hole 1 is connected with the valve of the pressure container bottle, and a gas passage is arranged in the inner hole 1; the circumferential continuous limiting structure 2, the axial continuous limiting structure 3 and the stepped groove 4 are connected with the plastic inner container.

[0039] The inner hole 1 at the top of the metal valve seat is provided with a thread, and the inner hole 1 is connected with the valve of the bottle through the thread; meanwhile, the inner hole 1 has a large diameter, so that the rapid inflation and deflation of gas can be realized. The inner hole 1 is arranged to have a height higher than the plastic inner container and the fiber winding layer, so as to ensure the normal use of the valve seat of the pressure container.

[0040] The circumferential continuous limiting structure 2 comprises three circumferential grooves arranged at the top surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat and uniformly expanded along the radial direction; the axial continuous limiting structure 3 comprises three circumferential protrusions arranged at the side surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat and uniformly and spacedly distributed along the axial direction; the surfaces of the circumferential protrusions and the circumferential grooves are provided with anti-skid textures; during the forming of the plastic inner container, the plastic is formed in the grooves, that is, the plastic inner container also forms the groove and protrusion structures, and the circumferential continuous limiting structure 2 and the axial continuous limiting structure 3 at the bottom of the metal valve seat are engaged with the protrusion and groove structures of the plastic inner container.

[0041] The circumferential continuous limiting structure 2 can resist the circumferential stress and rotation, and specifically, the filled plastic forms annular protrusions after solidification, increases the contact area and improves the friction force between the metal and the plastic interface, so as to avoid the loosening of the valve seat due to the centrifugal force or radial impact during transportation or use.​​

[0042] The ring continuous limiting structure 2 can also enhance radial fixation. Specifically, the groove design around the bottom of the metal valve seat allows the plastic liner to fill the groove during shaping, forming a mechanical interlock. This structure can effectively prevent the valve seat from being displaced radially due to external vibration, torque, or pressure fluctuations.

[0043] The axial continuous limiting structure 3 prevents axial pull-out or push-in. Specifically, the ring protrusions distributed along the axial direction (height direction) of the valve seat form a longitudinal engagement with the plastic liner during shaping. The longitudinal engagement structure can resist internal pressure changes, external pulling or pushing forces, and prevent the valve seat from being pulled out or pushed in along the axis.

[0044] The axial continuous limiting structure 3 can also disperse axial loads. Specifically, by arranging multiple levels of ring protrusions, the axial stress of the metal valve seat is dispersed to multiple plastic embedding points, reducing local stress concentration and improving the durability of the connection structure.

[0045] The stepped groove 4 is evenly distributed around the circumference of the metal valve seat bottom edge with the axis of the inner hole 1 as the reference. For ease of processing, the stepped groove 4 has three step surfaces; the radial length of the stepped groove 4 is greater than the radial length of the ring continuous limiting structure 2.

[0046] The stepped groove 4 changes the spatial distribution pattern of load transmission, attenuating the stress peak that was originally concentrated at the end of the ring continuous limiting structure 2. The stepped groove 4 structure reduces the flow resistance of the molten plastic during injection molding, helping the polymer material to fully fill the mold cavity and reducing structural weakness caused by local shrinkage or fiber orientation disorder. At the same time, during the shaping of the plastic liner, the plastic can be shaped at the same time as the ring continuous limiting structure 2 and the axial continuous limiting structure 3, ensuring that the metal valve seat does not slip during use.

[0047] The transition arc 5 is used to contact and tightly connect with the plastic liner and the fiber winding layer, ensuring the air tightness and pressure resistance of the composite pressure vessel. The core value of the transition arc 5 is to achieve interface integrity and process adaptability through geometric optimization: (1) during the manufacturing stage, ensure the shaping quality of the plastic liner; (2) during the winding stage, ensure the continuous coverage of the fiber layer; (3) during the use stage, maintain air tightness and resist dynamic load. The essence is to eliminate local defects and stress concentration, improving the reliability and safety of the IV type composite pressure vessel.

[0048] Figure 6 And Figure 7The white arrow is the direction of the applied tension, and the tension size is 100N. Through the stress simulation comparison chart, it can be obtained that the mises stress, i.e. the maximum shear force, of the metal valve seat designed by the utility model patent is 1.5MPa, and the mises stress, i.e. the maximum shear force, of the conventional metal valve seat is 2.2MPa under the same tension condition. It can be obtained that compared with the conventional metal valve seat, the maximum shear force of the metal valve seat designed by the utility model patent is reduced by 32%, which improves the safety and reliability of the metal valve seat and can effectively prevent the metal valve seat from falling off and sliding when bearing tension.

[0049] It is obvious for those skilled in the art that the utility model patent is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the utility model patent. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the utility model patent is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the utility model patent. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the involved claims.

Claims

1. A metal valve seat for a Type IV composite pressure vessel, disposed at a mouth of an end of the pressure vessel, characterised in that, The metal valve seat comprises a connecting unit at the top and a mechanical interlocking unit at the bottom, and a transition arc is arranged between the connecting unit and the mechanical interlocking unit; the connecting unit comprises an inner hole penetrating through the metal valve seat in the axial direction, and the mechanical interlocking unit comprises a circumferential continuous limiting structure and an axial continuous limiting structure; The circumferential continuous limiting structure is arranged on the top surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat, and the axial continuous limiting structure is arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the metal valve seat; The metal valve seat is further provided with a stepped groove penetrating through the bottom of the metal valve seat, and the stepped groove is arrayed on the bottom of the metal valve seat.

2. The metal valve seat for a Type IV composite pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein: One end of the inner hole is threadedly connected with a bottle valve, and the inner hole is in interference fit with the bottle valve.

3. The metal valve seat for a Type IV composite pressure vessel of claim 1, wherein, The circumferential continuous limiting structure comprises a plurality of circumferential grooves uniformly expanding in the radial direction.

4. The metal valve seat for a Type IV composite pressure vessel of claim 3, wherein, The axial continuous limiting structure comprises a plurality of circumferential protrusions uniformly and spacedly distributed in the axial direction.

5. The metal valve seat for a Type IV composite pressure vessel of claim 4, wherein, The surfaces of the circumferential protrusions and the circumferential grooves are provided with anti-skid textures.

6. The Type IV composite pressure vessel metal valve seat of claim 1, wherein, The radial length of the stepped groove is greater than the radial length of the circumferential continuous limiting structure; and the edge of the stepped groove is chamfered.

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