Zig-shaped open-air detonating network
By using a zigzag detonation network in open-pit blasting, eliminating the inter-row delay time, and using inter-hole time-delay detonators arranged in a zigzag pattern, the problems of uneven ore block size and impact on the rear rock were solved, achieving a more efficient and safer blasting effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520227829.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-13
AI Technical Summary
Conventional open-pit blasting networks are prone to causing uneven ore block size when blasting in heterogeneous rocks, and the rocks behind are severely affected by the back impact of the blast, which affects blasting efficiency and safety.
A zigzag open-pit blasting network is adopted, eliminating the inter-row delay time. Several blast holes are connected by inter-hole delay detonators arranged in a zigzag direction to form a zigzag blasting funnel, which moves the rock to the front row bench surface and improves the post-blast impact.
It improves the uniformity of blasted block size, shortens the charging process time, simplifies construction, reduces human error, and improves production efficiency and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223807721U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a zigzag open-air blasting network. BACKGROUND
[0002] The conventional open-air blasting network adopts a form connected by the combination of row delay time and hole delay time to connect the blasting network, so as to realize the hole-by-hole blasting of the blasting network from the hole and the row, and complete the blasting of the whole blasting area. This method has the advantages of small single-stage charge, multiple free faces, small blasting vibration, and easy control of blasting hazards such as flyrock, and is widely used in the blasting of open-pit mines and open-pit earthwork. However, the blasted rock is usually a heterogeneous body, and various rock bodies have structural planes and joint fissures with different development degrees, so that when this method is used for blasting, the blasting effect is not uniform, which easily causes uneven blockiness of the blasted ore.
[0003] In addition, since the conventional hole-by-hole blasting is from outside to inside, after blasting, the post-blasting impact is large, and the last row of holes is blasted, which greatly damages the rock of the rear row, often causing the secondary development of the rock structural plane due to the influence of the post-blasting impact, thereby affecting the subsequent blasting effect and efficiency. During the subsequent blasting, large ore blocks or insufficient root blasting are easily produced, and serious problems such as slope collapse and interruption of the blasting network may occur.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a zigzag open-air blasting network to solve the above problems. SUMMARY
[0005] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a zigzag open-air blasting network, which is arranged in a zigzag shape and cancels the row delay time step used in the conventional method, so that the rock moves more towards the front row step after blasting, and the occurrence of post-blasting impact is improved, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the protection of the rear row slope, the correction of the post-blasting slope, and other processes.
[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a zigzag open-air blasting network, which comprises: a plurality of blast holes, a blasting network connection line for connecting the plurality of blast holes, and a plurality of hole delay detonators arranged on the blasting network connection line.
[0007] The blasting network connection line comprises a plurality of A blasting network connection lines and a plurality of B blasting network connection lines.
[0008] The N-1th B blasting network connection line connects the tail end of the N-1th A blasting network connection line and the head end of the Nth A blasting network connection line; and the whole blasting network thus formed is in a zigzag shape.
[0009] In some embodiments, the A initiation network connection connects several different rows of blast holes in series.
[0010] In some embodiments, each blast hole is provided with an inter-hole delay detonator.
[0011] In some embodiments, the inter-hole delay detonator is arranged in a zigzag direction of the whole initiation network.
[0012] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the initiation network is arranged in a zigzag shape, and the inter-row delay time step used in the traditional way is cancelled; thus, when blasting, the rock blasting crater angle is larger, the blasting crater radius is larger, and the blasting free surface is more sufficient; in addition, after the rock is subjected to blasting, it also tends to move towards the front row of the step surface, which can improve the occurrence of the post-blasting impact, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the protection of the rear row of the slope, the correction of the slope after blasting and other processes.
[0013] Moreover, because this method cancels the setting of the inter-row delay time, the on-site charging process time is greatly shortened, and the on-site charging construction is simpler, which can also avoid the situation that workers make mistakes in setting the delay time. In addition, after blasting using this method, the block size is more concentrated and uniform, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of dispersed block size, obvious front paving and rear impact after traditional initiation network blasting. Furthermore, because the broken ore blocks are uniform after on-site implementation, the shovel loading and transportation equipment can complete the loading speed faster, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.
[0014] In some embodiments, the arrangement of the plurality of blast holes includes one of a triangular blast hole arrangement and a rectangular blast hole arrangement.
[0015] In some embodiments, the initiation point is located at the top end of the blasting area.
[0016] In some embodiments, the delay times of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators are consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator is 40-50 ms.
[0017] In some embodiments, the blast hole is filled with explosives.
[0018] In some embodiments, the zigzag open-air initiation network further includes an initiation point connected to the first end of the initiation network.
[0019] In some embodiments, the diameter of the blast hole is 100-200 mm; the row spacing of the blast hole is 4-6 m; and the hole spacing of the blast hole is 5-7 m.
[0020] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application. In order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and to be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the present application, the drawings used in the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.
[0022] Figure 1 Structure diagram of the volume of the blasting funnel of the conventional hole-by-hole initiation network blasting;
[0023] Figure 2 Structure diagram of the volume of the blasting funnel of the zigzag open-air initiation network blasting in the present application;
[0024] Figure 3 Structure diagram of the arrangement of the mine blast hole in the present application;
[0025] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the zigzag open-air initiation network in the present application;
[0026] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the open-air initiation network in Comparative Example 1 of the present application;
[0027] Figure 6 Comparison diagram of the blasting size of the initiation network in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application;
[0028] Explanation of reference signs:
[0029] 1, blast hole; 21, A initiation network connection line; 22, B initiation network connection line; 3, inter-hole delay detonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.
[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.
[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second" and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.
[0033] In this paper, the reference to "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or properties described in conjunction with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents a "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.
[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).
[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or it can be electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0038] The open-air blasting network in the prior art adopts a form connected by combining row delay time and hole delay time, but rock is usually a heterogeneous body, and various rock bodies have structural planes and joint fissures with different development degrees, so that when blasting is performed in this way, uneven blasting effect is easy to cause uneven ore size after blasting. Therefore, how to reasonably design to alleviate the uneven ore size after blasting is particularly important.
[0039] In order to solve the above technical problems, the zigzag open-air blasting network is provided, which is arranged in a zigzag shape, and the row delay time step adopted in the traditional way is cancelled, so that the blasting funnel angle of the rock is larger, the blasting funnel radius is larger, and the free surface of the blasting is more sufficient; in addition, the rock also tends to move to the front step surface after being blasted, which can improve the technical effect of the occurrence of post-blasting shock.
[0040] The following embodiments are described by taking a zigzag open-air blasting network of an embodiment of the present application as an example for convenience of description.
[0041] Please refer to Figures 1-6 The zigzag open-air blasting network provided by the embodiment of the present application comprises: a plurality of blast holes 1, a blasting network connecting line for connecting the plurality of blast holes 1, a plurality of hole delay detonators 3 arranged on the blasting network connecting line, and a blasting point connected with the head end of the blasting network connecting line.
[0042] The blasting network connecting line comprises a plurality of A blasting network connecting lines 21 and a plurality of B blasting network connecting lines 22; the plurality of A blasting network connecting lines 21 comprise: a first A blasting network connecting line, a second A blasting network connecting line,..., and an Nth A blasting network connecting line; the plurality of B blasting network connecting lines 22 comprise: a first B blasting network connecting line, a second B blasting network connecting line,..., and an Nth B blasting network connecting line.
[0043] The N-1th B blasting network connecting line 22 connects the tail end of the N-1th A blasting network connecting line 21 with the head end of the Nth A blasting network connecting line 21; and the whole blasting network thus formed is in a zigzag shape.
[0044] The A blasting network connecting line 21 connects the blast holes 1 in different rows of blast holes in series (the blast holes connected in adjacent rows are adjacent); one hole delay detonator 3 is arranged on each blast hole 1.
[0045] The hole delay detonator 3 is arranged in the zigzag direction of the whole blasting network.
[0046] The blasting point is located at the top end of the blasting area.
[0047] The blast hole 1 is filled with explosive.
[0048] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the arrangement of the blast holes 1 includes one of triangular hole arrangement and rectangular hole arrangement.
[0049] In this way, by arranging the initiation network in zigzag shape and canceling the delay time step between rows used in the traditional method, the angle of the blasting crater of the rock is larger when blasting, so the radius of the blasting crater is larger (as shown in Figures 1-2 , so the free surface of blasting is more sufficient; in addition, the rock also tends to move towards the front bench face after being blasted, which can improve the occurrence of post-blasting impact, providing favorable conditions for the implementation of processes such as protection of the rear row slope and correction of the slope after blasting.
[0050] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 3 is consistent.
[0051] Preferably, in other embodiments, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 3 is 40-50 ms.
[0052] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the blast hole 1 is 100-200 mm; the row spacing of the blast hole 1 is 4-6 m; and the hole spacing of the blast hole 1 is 5-7 m.
[0053] The zigzag open-air initiation network provided by the present application will be described in detail below in combination with embodiments:
[0054] Embodiment 1
[0055] A field blasting test was conducted on a certain highland copper-molybdenum mine,
[0056] As shown in Figure 3 , the blast holes in the open-air initiation network are divided into first row of blast holes, second row of blast holes,..., and nth row of blast holes;
[0057] As shown in Figure 4 , embodiment 1 provides a zigzag open-air initiation network, which includes: a plurality of blast holes 1, an initiation network connecting line for connecting the plurality of blast holes 1, a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 3 arranged on the initiation network connecting line, and an initiation point connected to the first end of the initiation network connecting line.
[0058] The detonation network connection includes several A detonation network connections 21 and several B detonation network connections 22; the several A detonation network connections 21 include: the first A detonation network connection 21, the second A detonation network connection 21, ..., the eleventh A detonation network connection 21; the several B detonation network connections 22 include: the first B detonation network connection 22, the second B detonation network connection 22, ..., the tenth B detonation network connection 22;
[0059] The (N-1)th B detonation network connection 22 connects the tail end of the (N-1)th A detonation network connection 21 to the head end of the Nth A detonation network connection 21; and the detonation network formed by this connection is zigzag in shape.
[0060] The A-detonation network connection 21 connects several blast holes in different blasting arrays 1 in series.
[0061] Each borehole 1 is equipped with a corresponding inter-hole delay detonator 3.
[0062] The orientation of the inter-hole time-delay detonator 3 is arranged in a zigzag pattern according to the overall detonation network.
[0063] The arrangement of several of the boreholes 1 is a triangular pattern.
[0064] The detonation point is located at the top of the blast zone.
[0065] The delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 3 is 42ms.
[0066] The borehole 1 is filled with explosives, which are emulsion explosives.
[0067] The diameter of the blast hole 1 is 140mm; the row spacing of the blast holes 1 is 5.5m; and the hole spacing of the blast holes 1 is 6.5m.
[0068] The detonation point uses an electronic detonator.
[0069] After the detonation point is ignited, starting from the detonation point, along... Figure 4 The blasting operation is carried out in the direction of the intermediate hole time-delay detonator 3 (i.e., in a zigzag pattern).
[0070] Comparative Example 1
[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, Comparative Example 1 provides an open-pit detonation network, which differs from Example 1 in the method of using the open-pit detonation network. The open-pit detonation network used in Comparative Example 1 is a combination of row-to-row delay time and hole-to-hole delay time; wherein, the hole-to-hole delay time for sequential detonation is 17ms, and the row-to-row delay time is 42ms. The steps and parameters are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.
[0072] After the ignition of the initiation point, the blasting operation is carried out along the direction indicated by the arrow in the middle. Figure 5 The blasting operation is carried out along the direction indicated by the arrow in the middle.
[0073] Figure 6 The block size distribution after the blasting test of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is compared. It can be seen from Figure 6 that the conventional hole-by-hole initiation network composed of row delay time and hole delay time in Comparative Example 1 is limited by the combination of row delay time and hole delay time, and the block size after blasting mainly presents two extreme cases of over-crushing and excessive large blocks, the obtained block size uniformity is poor, the loss control is difficult, and therefore the large block size needs to be crushed again, which also causes the reduction of mining efficiency and the increase of mining cost. The zigzag open-air initiation network used in Example 1 has a more uniform block size after blasting, and the overall block size presents a normal distribution, and the over-crushing and large block conditions are less, and therefore the subsequent shovel loading work is used. It can be seen that the zigzag initiation network is more beneficial to the blasting of the mine, and has high innovation and promotion value.
[0074] Please also refer to Figures 1-6 According to one or more embodiments of the present application, the zigzag open-air initiation network provided by the present application is arranged in a zigzag shape, and the row delay time step used in the traditional way is cancelled. In this way, the rock blasting crater angle is larger, the rock blasting crater radius is larger, and the free surface of the rock is more sufficient. In addition, the rock moves more towards the front step surface after being subjected to the blasting effect, which can improve the occurrence of the post-blasting impact, and provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the protection of the post-row slope, the correction of the post-blasting slope and other processes.
[0075] In addition, the use of this method can effectively overcome the disadvantages of dispersed block size, obvious front paving and post impact after the blasting of the traditional initiation network. Furthermore, because the broken block ore is uniform, the shovel loading and transportation equipment can complete the loading speed faster, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.
[0076] The whole device is simple to operate, stable to run, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, effectively reduces the labor intensity and production cost, and has good energy-saving and emission-reducing effect.
[0077] Note that the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments are merely examples, and embodiments having substantially the same configuration, function, and effect as the technical idea of the present application are included in the technical scope of the present application. Furthermore, other modes constructed by applying various modifications to the embodiments, or by combining part of the configurations of the embodiments, which can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application, are also included in the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A zigzag surface initiation network characterized in that, The application relates to a blasting method for a coal mine, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of blast holes, a plurality of blasting network wires for connecting the plurality of blast holes, a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators arranged on the blasting network wires; the blasting network wires comprise a plurality of A blasting network wires and a plurality of B blasting network wires; an N-1th B blasting network wire connects a tail end of an N-1th A blasting network wire and a head end of an Nth A blasting network wire; and the whole blasting network is in a zigzag shape.
2. The zig-zag surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, the A blasting network wires are connected in series with blast holes in different rows.
3. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 2, wherein, one inter-hole delay detonator is arranged on each blast hole.
4. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 3, wherein, the inter-hole delay detonators are arranged in the zigzag direction of the whole blasting network.
5. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, the arrangement mode of the plurality of blast holes comprises one of a triangular blast hole arrangement mode and a rectangular blast hole arrangement mode.
6. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, a blasting point is located at the top end of a blasting area.
7. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, the delay time of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators is consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators is 40-50 ms.
8. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, explosive is filled in the blast holes.
9. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, the blasting method further comprises a blasting point connected with the head end of the blasting network wires.
10. The zig-zag shaped surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, the diameter of the blast hole is 100-200 mm; the row distance of the blast hole is 4-6 m; and the hole distance of the blast hole is 5-7 m.