Partitioned composite open-air detonating network

Abstract

The utility model provides a partitioned composite open-air detonating network, and belongs to the field of engineering blasting, the partitioned composite open-air detonating network can reasonably distribute explosion energy and perform optimized blasting according to physical characteristics of different rocks and actual requirements of each region by arranging different detonating networks in rock mass regions with different characteristics, and the blasting efficiency is improved. Therefore, the overall blasting effect is improved, and certain energy waste can be reduced. In addition, the design of the zoned composite detonating network can ensure that the blasting process is more controllable, and safety accidents caused by improper blasting are reduced; and by optimizing the design of the detonating network, the complexity and preparation time of the blasting operation can be reduced, and the efficiency of the blasting operation is improved. The composite detonating network can be adjusted according to different geological conditions and blasting requirements, and has high adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a partitioned composite open-air initiation network. BACKGROUND

[0002] The conventional open-air initiation network adopts a form connected by the combination of row delay time and hole delay time, and the initiation network is connected through network connection design, and each hole is sequentially detonated, so as to realize the blasting of row and hole in the blasting area, and complete the blasting of the whole blasting area. After blasting, the corresponding ore or earthwork can be mined. This method has the advantages of small single-stage explosive charge, more free surface, small blasting vibration, and easy control of blasting hazards such as flyrock, and is widely used in open-pit mine blasting and open-pit earthwork blasting.

[0003] Due to the complexity of geological conditions, especially the rock is not a homogeneous body, and various rock bodies have structural planes and joints and fractures with different development degrees, which easily leads to uneven performance of blasting effect. This unevenness will make the ore size after blasting inconsistent, and then affect the subsequent ore processing and transportation efficiency. Especially in the rock body with strong structural plane development, the conventional blasting is difficult to achieve uniform crushing effect, which further aggravates the unevenness of the ore size after blasting.

[0004] In addition, since the conventional hole-by-hole blasting is sequentially affected from outside to inside, the blasting of the last row of holes is affected by a large back force, which easily causes serious damage to the rocks in the rear row. This back force easily causes the secondary development of rock structural planes, affecting the effect and efficiency of subsequent blasting, and during subsequent blasting, large ore blocks or insufficient root blasting are easily produced, and in severe cases, even lead to safety hazards such as slope collapse and interruption of the blasting network.

[0005] Therefore, although the conventional open-air blasting network performs well in many application scenarios, its application in complex geological conditions still has certain limitations, especially in rock bodies containing a large number of joints, fractures and structural planes.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a partitioned composite open-air initiation network to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the technical problems in the background art, the present application provides a partitioned composite open-air initiation network, which divides the rock into different areas, and implements different blasting purposes according to the hardness and structural characteristics of the actual rock in each rock area, so as to improve the blasting effect and reduce the blasting hazards through partitioned blasting, and make the ore size after rock blasting more uniform, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of processes such as protection of the rear row slope and correction of the slope after blasting.

[0008] The embodiment of the present application provides a partitioned composite open-air initiation network, comprising: a first initiation network arranged in a hard rock blasting area, a zigzag initiation network arranged in a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the hard rock blasting area, and a second initiation network arranged in a broken rock area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area.

[0009] The partitioned composite open-air initiation network comprises a plurality of blast holes, initiation network wires for connecting the plurality of blast holes, and a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators arranged on the initiation network wires.

[0010] The initiation network wires in the first initiation network are composed of a plurality of branch initiation network wire loops.

[0011] The initiation network wires in the zigzag initiation network comprise a plurality of A initiation network wires and a plurality of B initiation network wires.

[0012] The N-1th B initiation network wire connects the tail end of the N-1th A initiation network wire with the head end of the Nth A initiation network wire.

[0013] In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application, different initiation networks are arranged in rock areas with different characteristics (hard rock, soft rock and broken rock), so that the explosion energy can be reasonably distributed according to the actual requirements of each area according to the physical characteristics of different rocks, and the blasting is optimized, thereby improving the overall blasting effect and reducing certain energy waste. In addition, the design of the partitioned composite initiation network can ensure that the blasting process is more controllable and reduce safety accidents caused by improper blasting; by optimizing the design of the initiation network, the complexity and preparation time of the blasting operation can also be reduced, and the efficiency of the blasting operation can be improved. The composite initiation network can be adjusted according to different geological conditions and blasting requirements, and has strong adaptability.

[0014] In some embodiments, the A initiation network wires connect blast holes in a plurality of different rows of blast holes in series.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the direction from the hard rock blasting area to the soft rock blasting area, the blast holes in the partitioned composite open-air initiation network are divided into a first row of blast holes, a second row of blast holes,..., and an mth row of blast holes; wherein the blast holes in the first initiation network are divided into a first row of blast holes, a second row of blast holes,..., and an mth row of blast holes. n

[0016] The branch initiation network wires comprise an initiation network wire a connecting the mth-1th row of blast holes in series, a plurality of initiation network wires b connecting the blast holes in the initiation network wire a with the mth row of blast holes, and a plurality of initiation network wires c connecting the blast holes in the initiation network wire b with the mth-1th row of blast holes. n n

[0017] The mth​​​n -1 row of blastholes and the m n The blastholes in the row of blastholes are connected only once by the initiation network connection b.

[0018] In some embodiments, the initiation network connections in the second initiation network comprise a plurality of initiation network connections C connecting blastholes in different rows in series; the first end of the initiation network connection C is connected to a blasthole in the zigzag initiation network.

[0019] In some embodiments, in the first initiation network, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection a is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator is 5-9 ms; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection b is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator is 9-15 ms; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection a is inconsistent with the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection b, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection a is less than the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator in the initiation network connection b.

[0020] In some embodiments, in the zigzag initiation network, the delay time of a plurality of the inter-hole delay detonators is consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator is 40-50 ms.

[0021] In some embodiments, in the second initiation network, the delay time of a plurality of the inter-hole delay detonators is consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator is 60-70 ms.

[0022] In the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, by setting different types of initiation network connections, the explosion sequence and delay can be effectively controlled, the flying matters in the blasting process can be reduced, and the influence of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment can be reduced.

[0023] In addition, by laying the zigzag initiation network without the inter-row delay time step adopted in the conventional way, the blasting of the rock can have a larger blasting crater angle, a larger blasting crater radius, and a more sufficient free surface; in addition, after the rock is subjected to the blasting action, it also tends to move towards the front row of the step surface, which can improve the occurrence of the post-blasting impact, thereby providing favorable conditions for the implementation of the processes such as the protection of the rear row of the slope and the correction of the slope after blasting.

[0024] And, because the mode cancels the delay time setting between rows, the on-site charging process time is greatly shortened, and the on-site charging construction is simpler, and the worker delay time setting error can be avoided. In addition, after the blasting is carried out in this way, the block size formed is more concentrated and uniform, which effectively overcomes the obvious shortcomings of block size dispersion, front paving and rear impact after traditional initiation network blasting. Furthermore, after on-site implementation, because the broken lump ore is uniform, the loading and transportation equipment can also complete the loading speed faster, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first blasted hole in the zigzag initiation network is connected to one hole in the first initiation network through the initiation network connection line.

[0026] In some embodiments, the arrangement of the plurality of holes includes one of a triangular hole arrangement and a rectangular hole arrangement.

[0027] In some embodiments, the diameter of the hole is 100-200 mm, the row spacing of the hole is 4-6 m, and the hole spacing of the hole is 5-7 m.

[0028] The above description is only a summary of the technical solutions of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings used in the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of conventional hole-by-hole initiation network blasting of funnel volume;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the zoned composite open-air initiation network blasting funnel volume in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the zoning of rock in the zoned composite open-air initiation network in the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the blasting zoning effect in the zoned composite open-air initiation network in the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the zoned composite open-air initiation network in the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 Structure diagram of open-air blasting network in Comparative Example 1 of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 Comparison diagram of blasting size of blasting network in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application;

[0037] Explanation of reference signs:

[0038] 1, blast hole; 21, a blasting network connecting line; 22, b blasting network connecting line; 31, a blasting network connecting line; 32, b blasting network connecting line; 4, c blasting network connecting line; 5, inter-hole delay detonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0042] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive or alternative to other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are a "or" relationship.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The existing technology adopts a form of connecting the detonation network by combining the delay time between rows and the delay time between holes, but rock is usually a heterogeneous body, and various rock bodies have structural planes and joint fissures with different degrees of development, so that when blasting is performed in this way, uneven blasting action can easily cause uneven ore size. Therefore, how to reasonably design to alleviate the uneven ore size after blasting is particularly important.

[0048] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a partition composite open-air detonation network, which is arranged by different detonation networks in different rock regions with different characteristics, reasonably allocates explosion energy according to the actual needs of each region according to the physical characteristics of different rocks, optimizes blasting, thereby improving the overall blasting effect, and also reduces the technical effect of energy waste.

[0049] The following embodiments are described for convenience with a partition composite open-air detonation network of an embodiment of the present application as an example.

[0050] Please refer to Figures 1-6The partitioned composite open-air detonation network provided by the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first detonation network arranged in a hard rock blasting area, a zigzag detonation network arranged in a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the hard rock blasting area, and a second detonation network arranged in a broken rock area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area.

[0051] The partitioned composite open-air detonation network comprises a plurality of blast holes 1, detonation network connecting lines for connecting the plurality of blast holes 1, and a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 arranged on the detonation network connecting lines.

[0052] The rock area comprises: a hard rock blasting area adjacent to a front row of free surfaces on one side, a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the other side of the hard rock blasting area, and a broken rock area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area.

[0053] The detonation network connecting lines in the first detonation network are composed of a plurality of branch detonation network connecting lines;

[0054] In the direction from the hard rock blasting area to the soft rock blasting area, the blast holes 1 in the partitioned composite open-air detonation network are divided into a first row of blast holes, a second row of blast holes, …, and an mth row of blast holes; wherein the blast holes 1 in the first detonation network are divided into a first row of blast holes, a second row of blast holes, …, and an mth row of blast holes. n

[0055] The branch detonation network connecting lines comprise detonation network connecting lines a21 connecting the mth n -1 row of blast holes in series, detonation network connecting lines b22 connecting the blast holes 1 in the detonation network connecting lines a21 and the blast holes 1 in the mth n row of blast holes.

[0056] The blast holes 1 in the mth n -1 row of blast holes are connected to the blast holes 1 in the mth n row of blast holes only once through the detonation network connecting lines b22.

[0057] The rock obtained by using the first detonation network in the hard rock blasting area is characterized by short time consumption and efficient breaking.

[0058] The detonation network connecting lines in the zigzag detonation network comprise a plurality of A detonation network connecting lines 31 and a plurality of B detonation network connecting lines 32; the plurality of A detonation network connecting lines 31 comprise: a first A detonation network connecting line 31 (a first blast hole 1), a second A detonation network connecting line 31, …, and an Nth A detonation network connecting line 31; and the plurality of B detonation network connecting lines 32 comprise: a first B detonation network connecting line 32, a second B detonation network connecting line 32, …, and an Nth B detonation network connecting line 32.

[0059] ​The N-1th B initiation network connection 32 connects the tail end of the N-1th A initiation network connection 31 with the head end of the Nth A initiation network connection 31, and the whole initiation network thus formed is in the shape of a zigzag; the A initiation network connection 31 connects the blast holes 1 in different rows of blast holes in series (the blast holes 1 connected in adjacent rows of blast holes are adjacent).

[0060] The first blast hole 1 in the zigzag initiation network is connected with a blast hole 1 in the first initiation network through an initiation network connection.

[0061] The rock obtained by using the zigzag initiation network in the soft rock blasting area is characterized by uniform blasting.

[0062] The initiation network connections in the second initiation network include a plurality of initiation network connections C4 connecting the blast holes 1 in different rows in series; the head end of the initiation network connection C4 is connected with a blast hole 1 in the zigzag initiation network.

[0063] The rock obtained by using the second initiation network in the broken rock mass area is characterized by weakened backbreak.

[0064] The orientations of the inter-hole delay detonators 5 in the zoned composite open-air initiation network are arranged in the arrow directions as shown. Figure 5 The blast holes 1 are filled with explosives.

[0065] In this way, according to the hardness and structure of the actual rock in different rock areas, different types of initiation network connections are set to effectively control the blasting sequence and delay, thus improving the blasting effect through zoned blasting, reducing the blasting hazards, and making the block size of the blasted rock more uniform, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the processes of protecting the rear row of slopes, correcting the slope after blasting, etc.

[0066] In addition, by arranging the zigzag initiation network without the inter-row delay time step used in the traditional way, the blasting funnel angle of the rock is larger, the blasting funnel radius is larger, and the free surface of blasting is more sufficient when blasting; in addition, the rock also tends to move towards the front row of steps after being blasted, which can improve the occurrence of backbreak after blasting, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the processes of protecting the rear row of slopes, correcting the slope after blasting, etc.

[0067] And, because the mode cancels the delay time setting between rows, the on-site charging process time is greatly shortened, and the on-site charging construction is simpler, and the worker delay time setting error can be avoided. In addition, after the blasting is carried out in this way, the block size formed is more concentrated and uniform, which effectively overcomes the dispersion of block size, obvious front paving and rear impact after traditional initiation network blasting. Furthermore, after on-site implementation, because the broken block ore is uniform, the loading and transportation equipment can complete the loading speed faster, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0068] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the initiation network connection in the first initiation network can also be composed of initiation network connection a21 connecting the first row of blast holes in series, and a plurality of initiation network connection b22 connecting the blast holes 1 in different rows in series, wherein the initiation network connection b22 is connected with the blast holes 1 in the initiation network connection a21.

[0069] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the arrangement mode of the plurality of blast holes 1 includes one of triangular hole arrangement and rectangular hole arrangement.

[0070] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, in the first initiation network, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection a21 is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 5-9 ms; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection b22 is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 9-15 ms; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection a21 is inconsistent with the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection b22, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection a21 is less than the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiation network connection b22.

[0071] In the zigzag initiation network, the delay time of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 is consistent; and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 40-50 ms.

[0072] In the second initiation network, the delay time of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 is consistent; and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 60-70 ms.

[0073] Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the blast hole 1 is 100-200 mm; the row spacing of the blast hole 1 is 4-6 m; and the hole spacing of the blast hole 1 is 5-7 m.

[0074] In this way, the explosion sequence and delay can be effectively controlled, the flying matters in the blasting process can be reduced, and the influence of blasting vibration on the surrounding environment can be reduced.

[0075] The following will describe the partitioned composite open-air initiation network provided by the present application in conjunction with embodiments.

[0076] Embodiment 1

[0077] A blasting test is conducted on a highland copper-molybdenum mine,

[0078] As shown in Figures 1-5 Embodiment 1 provides a zoned composite open-air initiation network, which comprises: a first initiation network arranged in a hard rock blasting area, a zigzag initiation network arranged in a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the hard rock blasting area, and a second initiation network arranged in a broken rock mass area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area.

[0079] The zoned composite open-air initiation network comprises a plurality of blast holes 1, initiation network connecting lines for connecting the plurality of blast holes 1, and a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 arranged on the initiation network connecting lines; each blast hole 1 is provided with a corresponding inter-hole delay detonator 5.

[0080] The rock area comprises: a hard rock blasting area adjacent to a front row of free faces on one side, a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the other side of the hard rock blasting area, and a broken rock mass area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area.

[0081] The initiation network connecting lines in the first initiation network are composed of a plurality of dendritic initiation network connecting line cycles;

[0082] In the direction from the hard rock blasting area to the soft rock blasting area, the blast holes 1 in the zoned composite open-air initiation network are divided into a first row of blast holes, a second row of blast holes,..., and an mth row of blast holes, a total of seven rows; wherein the blast holes 1 in the first initiation network are divided into a first row of blast holes and a second row of blast holes.

[0083] The dendritic initiation network connecting lines comprise initiation network connecting lines a21 connecting the first row of blast holes in series, and a plurality of initiation network connecting lines b22 connecting the blast holes 1 in the initiation network connecting lines a21 with the blast holes 1 of the second row;

[0084] The blast holes 1 in the first row of blast holes are connected to the blast holes 1 in the second row of blast holes only once through the initiation network connecting lines b22.

[0085] The initiation network connecting lines in the zigzag initiation network comprise a plurality of A initiation network connecting lines 31 and a plurality of B initiation network connecting lines 32; the plurality of A initiation network connecting lines 31 comprise: a first A initiation network connecting line 31 (a first blast hole 1), a second A initiation network connecting line 31,..., and an Nth A initiation network connecting line 31; the plurality of B initiation network connecting lines 32 comprise: a first B initiation network connecting line 32, a second B initiation network connecting line 32,..., and an Nth B initiation network connecting line 32;

[0086] The N-1th B initiating network connection 32 connects the tail end of the N-1th A initiating network connection 31 with the head end of the Nth A initiating network connection 31, and the whole initiating network thus formed is in the shape of a zigzag; the A initiating network connection 31 connects the blast holes 1 in different rows in series.

[0087] The first blast hole 1 in the zigzag initiating network is connected with a blast hole 1 in the first initiating network through an initiating network connection.

[0088] The initiating network connections in the second initiating network include: a plurality of initiating network connections C4 connecting a blast hole 1 in the sixth row with a blast hole 1 adjacent to it in the seventh row; the head end of the initiating network connection C4 is connected with a blast hole 1 in the zigzag initiating network, i.e., a blast hole 1 in the sixth row is connected with a blast hole 1 adjacent to it in the seventh row through an initiating network connection.

[0089] The orientations of the inter-hole delay detonators 5 in the partitioned composite open-air initiating network are arranged in the arrow direction as shown. Figure 5 The blast holes 1 are filled with explosives, which are emulsion explosives.

[0090] The arrangement of the plurality of blast holes 1 is in the shape of a triangle.

[0091] In the first initiating network, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiating network connection a21 is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 7 ms; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 in the initiating network connection b22 is consistent, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 11 ms.

[0092] In the zigzag initiating network, the delay time of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 is consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 42 ms.

[0093] In the second initiating network, the delay time of the plurality of inter-hole delay detonators 5 is consistent; the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 is 65 ms.

[0094] The diameter of the blast hole 1 is 140 mm; the row spacing of the blast hole 1 is 5.5 m; and the hole spacing of the blast hole 1 is 6.5 m.

[0095] The initiation point is initiated by an electronic detonator.

[0096] After igniting the initiation point, the blasting operation is carried out along the direction of the inter-hole delay detonator 5 from the initiation point. Figure 4

[0097] Comparative Example 1

[0098] As shown in Figure 6 ​As shown, the comparative example 1 provides an open blasting network, which is different from the example 1 in that the way of the open blasting network adopted is different. The way of the open blasting network adopted in the comparative example 1 only contains a first blasting network (i.e. a form combined by row delay time and hole delay time); wherein the hole-by-hole hole delay time is 17 ms, and the row delay time is 42 ms. The steps and parameters thereof are consistent with the example 1, and will not be described herein again.

[0099] After igniting the detonation point, the blasting operation is performed along the direction indicated by the arrow in the middle. Figure 6

[0100] Figure 7 The block size distribution comparison after the blasting of the example 1 and the comparative example 1 is shown in the following table. Figure 7 As can be seen from the table, the conventional hole-by-hole open blasting network composed of row delay time and hole delay time in the comparative example 1 is limited to only the combination of row delay time and hole delay time, and the block size after blasting mainly presents two extreme cases of over-crushing and too much large block, the block size uniformity obtained is poor, the loss control is difficult, and therefore the large block size needs to be crushed again, which also causes the reduction of mining efficiency and the increase of mining cost. The block size after blasting of the z-shaped open blasting network adopted in the example 1 is relatively uniform, and presents a normal distribution form, and the over-crushing and large block are less, and therefore the subsequent shovel loading operation is used. It can be seen that the z-shaped open blasting network is more beneficial to the blasting of the mine, and has high innovation and promotion value.

[0101] Please refer to Figures 1-7 According to one or more embodiments of the present application, the z-shaped open blasting network provided by the present application can reasonably allocate explosion energy according to the actual needs of each region and optimize the blasting by laying different blasting networks in different rock mass regions with different characteristics, so as to improve the overall blasting effect and reduce certain energy waste. In addition, the design of the z-shaped open blasting network can ensure that the blasting process is more controllable and reduce safety accidents caused by improper blasting; by optimizing the design of the blasting network, the complexity and preparation time of the blasting operation can also be reduced, and the efficiency of the blasting operation can be improved. The z-shaped open blasting network can be adjusted according to different geological conditions and blasting requirements, and has strong adaptability. The row delay time step adopted in the traditional way is cancelled.

[0102] ​In addition, by arranging the zigzag initiation network without the delay time step between rows used in the conventional method, the angle of the rock blasting crater is larger, the radius of the blasting crater is larger, and the free surface of the blasting is more sufficient. In addition, after the rock is subjected to the blasting effect, it also tends to move to the front row of the step surface, which can improve the occurrence of the post-blasting impact, which provides favorable conditions for the implementation of the process of protecting the rear row of the slope and correcting the slope after blasting. Moreover, because this method cancels the setting of the delay time between rows, the on-site charging process time is greatly shortened, and the on-site charging construction is simpler, which can also avoid the error of the worker setting the delay time. In addition, after blasting using this method, the block size is more concentrated and uniform, which effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the dispersed block size, obvious front paving and rear impact after blasting using the conventional initiation network. Furthermore, because the broken ore is uniform, the shovel loading and transportation equipment can complete the loading speed faster, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0103] The whole device is simple to operate, stable to run, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, effectively reduces the labor intensity and production cost, and has good energy-saving and emission-reducing effect.

[0104] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same technical idea and playing the same role within the scope of the technical solutions of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, within the scope of the main idea of the present application, various modifications of the embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art, and other ways constructed by combining part of the constituent elements of the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A zoned composite surface initiation network, characterized in that, The application relates to a partitioned composite open blasting network. The first blasting network is arranged in a hard rock blasting area, the zigzag blasting network is arranged in a soft rock blasting area adjacent to the hard rock blasting area, and the second blasting network is arranged in a broken rock area adjacent to the soft rock blasting area. The partitioned composite open blasting network comprises a plurality of blast holes, blasting network connecting lines for connecting the blast holes, and a plurality of inter-hole delay detonators arranged on the blasting network connecting lines. The blasting network connecting lines in the first blasting network are composed of a plurality of branch blasting network connecting line cycles. The blasting network connecting lines in the zigzag blasting network comprise a plurality of A blasting network connecting lines and a plurality of B blasting network connecting lines. The N-1th B blasting network connecting line connects the tail end of the N-1th A blasting network connecting line with the head end of the Nth A blasting network connecting line.

2. The zoned composite surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, The A blasting network connecting lines connect blast holes in different rows in series.

3. The zoned composite surface initiation network of claim 2, wherein, According to the direction from the hard rock blasting area to the soft rock blasting area, the blast holes in the subarea composite open blasting network are divided into first row of blast holes, second row of blast holes, …, and mth row of blast holes; wherein the blast holes in the first blasting network are divided into first row of blast holes, second row of blast holes, …, and mth row of blast holes. n row of blast holes; The tree-shaped detonation network connection includes the first m n -1 row of blast hole series in series detonation network connection a, several detonation network connection b22 connecting the blast hole in the detonation network connection a with the first m n row of blast hole m n - The blastholes in the m n The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m - The blastholes in the m 4. The zoned composite surface initiation network of claim 3, wherein, The blasting network connecting lines in the second blasting network comprise a plurality of blasting network connecting lines C connecting blast holes in different rows in series, and the head end of the blasting network connecting line C is connected with a blast hole in the zigzag blasting network.

5. The zoned composite surface initiation network of claim 4, wherein, In the first blasting network, the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line a have the same delay time, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators is 5-9 ms, the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line b have the same delay time, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators is 9-15 ms, the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line a is different from that of the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line b, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line a is smaller than that of the inter-hole delay detonators in the blasting network connecting line b.

6. The zoned composite surface initiation network of claim 4, wherein, In the zigzag blasting network, the delay times of the inter-hole delay detonators are the same, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators is 40-50 ms.

7. The zoned hybrid surface initiation network of claim 4, wherein, In the second blasting network, the delay times of the inter-hole delay detonators are the same, and the delay time of the inter-hole delay detonators is 60-70 ms.

8. The zoned hybrid surface initiation network of claim 4, wherein, The first blast hole in the zigzag blasting network is connected with a blast hole in the first blasting network through a blasting network connecting line.

9. The zoned hybrid surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, The arrangement mode of the blast holes comprises one of a triangular blast hole arrangement mode and a rectangular blast hole arrangement mode.

10. The zoned hybrid surface initiation network of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the blast hole is 100-200 mm, the row spacing of the blast hole is 4-6 m, and the hole spacing of the blast hole is 5-7 m.

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