Electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle comprises a vehicle frame, a walking system, a power system and an electrical system. The walking system comprises front wheels and rear wheels which are arranged below the frame; the power system comprises a power battery and a driving motor, the power battery is supported by the frame and connected with the driving motor to supply power to the driving motor, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel; the electrical system comprises a battery connector and a wire harness, the battery connector is in pluggable connection with a charging and discharging port of the power battery, the charging and discharging port comprises a grounding terminal, the battery connector comprises a grounding pin, and the grounding terminal is connected with the grounding pin; the wire harness comprises a grounding wire harness, the first end of the grounding wire harness is connected with the grounding pin, and the second end of the grounding wire harness is connected with the frame. Safe grounding of the power battery can be realized, the dismounting difficulty of the power battery is reduced, and the reliability and stability of the electric vehicle are guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle safety, in particular to an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of electric vehicles, the safety of electric vehicles is increasingly valued. Therefore, protective measures such as equal potential connection between high-voltage components and the vehicle body are often used on vehicles to reduce the probability of electric shock accidents. In related technologies, the battery grounding of an electric vehicle can be achieved by using a grounding wire, a grounding bolt or a metal spring. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an electric vehicle that can reduce the difficulty of disassembly while fixing the battery, ensure the reliability and stability of the electric vehicle, and improve the work efficiency.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a vehicle frame, a walking system comprising front wheels and rear wheels arranged below the vehicle frame, a power system comprising a power battery and a drive motor, the power battery being supported by the vehicle frame and connected with the drive motor to supply power to the drive motor, the drive motor being in driving connection with at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels, and an electrical system for at least controlling the power battery and the drive motor, the electrical system comprising a battery connector, a wire harness and a power distribution box.

[0005] In an embodiment, the battery connector further comprises an electric energy output pin, the wire harness further comprises an energy wire harness, a first end of the energy wire harness is connected with the electric energy output pin, and a second end of the energy wire harness is connected with an electric load on the electric vehicle.

[0006] In an embodiment, when the number of power batteries is at least two, the battery system further comprises a power distribution box, the second end of the grounding wire harness is connected with the vehicle frame through the power distribution box, and the second end of the energy wire harness is connected with the electric load through the power distribution box.

[0007] In an embodiment, the ground harness includes at least two ground input lines and a ground lead, and the power distribution box includes at least two input ports and a ground port. A first end of each ground input line is connected to a corresponding ground pin as a first end of the ground harness, and a second end of each ground input line is connected to a corresponding input port, respectively. A first end of the ground lead is connected to the ground port, and a second end of the ground lead is connected to the frame as a second end of the ground harness.

[0008] In an embodiment, the frame is provided with a metal part, and the second end of the ground lead is connected to the metal part.

[0009] In an embodiment, the power distribution box further includes a first power transmission port and a second power transmission port, the second end of the energy harness is connected to the first power transmission port, and the second power transmission port is used to connect the power load.

[0010] In an embodiment, the battery connector and the power distribution box are made of waterproof and dustproof materials.

[0011] In an embodiment, the power battery includes a metal shell, and the ground terminal is connected to the metal shell.

[0012] In an embodiment, the charging and discharging port includes a signal terminal, the battery connector further includes a signal transmission pin, the harness further includes a signal transmission harness, and the electric vehicle further includes a control device used to control the operation of the electric vehicle, the signal transmission pin is used to be connected to the signal terminal, a first end of the signal transmission harness is connected to the signal output pin, and a second end of the signal transmission harness is used to be connected to the control device.

[0013] In an embodiment, the power battery is detachably supported on the frame.

[0014] The technical scheme of the present application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0015] The electric vehicle provided by the present application can be plugged into the charging and discharging port of the power battery, wherein the charging and discharging port includes a ground terminal, the battery connector includes a ground pin, and the ground terminal is connected to the ground pin. At the same time, the electric vehicle also realizes the connection between the ground pin and the frame through the ground harness, thereby realizing the safe grounding of the electric vehicle. In this way, on the one hand, the present application can effectively guarantee the safety of personnel using the electric vehicle, meet the demand for safe grounding of the power battery, and reduce the probability of electric shock accidents; on the other hand, by plugging in and out the battery connector, the power battery can be quickly detached from the vehicle, improving the work efficiency, and guaranteeing the reliability and stability of the electric vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art more clearly, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 An enlarged detail view of the portion shown in the dashed box A. Figure 1

[0019] Figure 3 A principle schematic diagram of a power system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a battery connector provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments only represent some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application.

[0022] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments, and are not intended to be limiting to the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular expression "one", "an", "the" is intended to also include, for example, the expression "one or more", unless there is clear indication to the contrary in the context. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one" means one, two or more than two. The term "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships; for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after it.

[0023] ​Reference within this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in some embodiments" within this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, although it can. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof are meant to encompass the items listed thereafter, but do not exclude other items from also being present. The terms "a" and "an" are defined as meaning one or more unless explicitly indicated to the contrary or otherwise evident from the context.

[0024] Next, an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the application is further introduced. It can be understood that the electric vehicle of the application includes a two-wheeled electric vehicle or a four-wheeled electric vehicle, for example, an electric motorcycle or other types of vehicles, and the application does not limit the specific type of the electric vehicle, which is exemplified by an electric motorcycle in the following embodiments.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a structural schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided by an embodiment of the application. It can be understood that the electric vehicle 100 includes a frame 11 and a walking system 12. In the embodiment of the application, the frame structure is not specifically limited.

[0026] Specifically, the frame 11 is used to carry and fix the parts of the electric vehicle 100 and realize the function of the electric platform. As the electric platform, the frame 11 can integrate the electric equipment of the electric vehicle 10, support various vehicle types and configurations, and also can guide the electric current to the ground to play a role of safety protection, while optimizing the spatial layout and having high flexibility. The walking system 12 includes a front wheel 121 and a rear wheel 122, and the front wheel 121 and the rear wheel 122 are arranged below the frame 11 and are used to drive the electric vehicle 100 to move. The electric vehicle 100 further includes a power system, and the power system includes a power battery 13 and a driving motor (not shown in the figure), and the driving motor is used to drive at least one of the front wheel 121 and the rear wheel 122 to rotate. The driving motor can further include a motor controller and a transmission device, and the application does not limit the specific structure of the driving motor.

[0027] The power battery 13 is supported by the vehicle frame 11, and the power battery 13 is connected with the driving motor to supply power for the driving motor. The power battery 13 is detachably arranged on the vehicle frame 11. The power battery 13 converts the chemical energy stored inside into electrical energy to drive the electric vehicle 100 to move. The power battery 13 can be a lithium battery, a lead-acid battery or other types of batteries, and the specific type of the power battery 13 is not limited in the present application. The power battery 13 can be one battery or a plurality of batteries, for example, a plurality of 12V batteries connected in series and / or parallel, and the specific number of the power battery 13 is not limited in the present application.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the electric vehicle 100 further comprises an electrical system 14, and the electrical system 14 comprises a battery connector 141 and a wire harness 142. The battery connector 141 is plug- connectable with the charging and discharging port 131 of the power battery 13. The number of the battery connector 141 is greater than or equal to the number of the power battery 13, and the related skilled person can select according to the actual situation. Please refer to Figure 3 , the charging and discharging port 131 comprises a grounding terminal (not shown in the figure), and the battery connector 141 comprises a grounding pin 1411, and the grounding terminal is connected with the grounding pin 1411. Understandably, the power battery 13 comprises a metal shell 131a, and the grounding terminal is connected to the metal shell 131a. The grounding pin 1411 is connected with the inside of the power battery 13 through the grounding terminal. Among them, the equipotential connection, i.e. potential equalization (PE), is to connect the exposed conductive parts of electrical equipment with the reference point or equipotential point (usually referring to the vehicle frame) on the vehicle body through physical means to minimize the potential difference between them. The equipotential connection can ensure that the same potential is maintained between each conductive part in the electrical system, thereby reducing the risk of electric shock and other safety hazards. The grounding terminal adopts a terminal that can pass through a large current, which can withstand a short-circuit current in a short time, thereby improving safety. The grounding terminal can be made of metal, alloy or other materials, and the specific material of the grounding terminal is not limited in the present application.

[0029] The wire harness 142 is used to realize the transmission of circuit energy and / or the transmission of data. The wire harness, also known as the electric wire harness or the cable harness, is an integral body composed of a plurality of electric wires and cables through weaving, binding, sleeving or other ways, which is conducive to reducing the probability of line loosening and occupying installation space. Understandably, in the embodiment, the wire harness 142 at least includes a ground wire harness (not shown in the figure), a first end of the ground wire harness is connected with the ground pin 1411, and a second end of the ground wire harness is used to be connected with the vehicle frame 11. The application does not limit the specific composition of the wire harness 142. The outer layer of the wire harness 142 can be made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PUR) or other materials, and the application does not limit the specific manufacturing material of the wire harness 142.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 3 In an embodiment of the application, the battery connector 141 further includes an electric energy output pin 1412, and the wire harness 142 further includes an energy wire harness (not shown in the figure), a first end of the energy wire harness is connected with the electric energy output pin 1412, and a second end of the energy wire harness is connected with an electric load (not shown in the figure) on the electric vehicle 100. As shown in Figure 3 The electric energy output pin 1412 can include a positive output pin 1412a and a negative output pin 1412b; the energy wire harness can include a positive direct current wire and a negative direct current wire. The positive electrode of the power battery 13 is connected with the positive direct current wire in the energy wire harness through the positive output pin 1412a; the negative electrode of the power battery 131 is connected with the negative direct current wire in the energy wire harness through the negative output pin 1412b. The electric load includes part of high-voltage components of the electric vehicle 100, such as the motor controller of the driving motor or the direct current-direct current power supply (DC-DC), and the application does not limit the specific object of the electric load.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4In an embodiment of the present application, when the electric vehicle 100 comprises at least two power batteries 13, the electric system 14 further comprises a distribution box 143. The second end of the ground wire harness is connected with the frame 11 through the distribution box 143, and the second end of the energy wire harness is connected with the electric load through the distribution box 143. The ground wire harness comprises at least two ground input wires (not shown in the figure) and a ground wire 144, and the distribution box 143 comprises at least two input ports 1434 and a ground port 1431 which are in conduction. The first end of each ground input wire is connected with the corresponding ground pin 1411 as the first end of the ground wire harness, and the second end of each ground input wire is connected with the corresponding input port 1434 respectively; the first end of the ground wire 144 is connected with the ground port 1431, and the second end of the ground wire 144 is connected with the frame 11 as the second end of the ground wire harness. Understandably, the corresponding ground wire harnesses of all the power batteries 13 are connected with each other in the distribution box 143 and are output through the ground wire 144.

[0032] For example, the second end of the ground wire 144 is provided with a connecting terminal 145. The frame 11 is provided with a metal part 111 for positioning the second end of the ground wire 144, i.e. the connecting terminal 145. The metal part 111 is in conduction with the ground through the frame 11, and the metal part 111 can be integrally welded with the frame or the vehicle body, or can be grounded by adding an additional grounding wire, and the present application does not limit the specific grounding mode of the metal part 111. The metal part 111 can be arranged at one end of the frame 11 close to the rear wheel 122, or can be arranged at other positions, and the present application does not limit the specific arrangement position of the metal part 111. The metal part 111 can be made of copper, copper alloy or other metals, and the present application does not limit the specific manufacturing material of the metal part 111. The second end of the ground wire 144 is connected to the metal part 111 through the connecting terminal 145. The connecting terminal 145 is used to realize the fastening connection between the ground wire 144 and the metal part 111, and the connecting terminal 145 can be made of copper, copper-aluminum alloy or other materials, and the present application does not limit the specific manufacturing material of the connecting terminal 145.

[0033] Since the power battery 13 is detachably arranged on the frame 11, when the user needs to install or dismount the power battery 13, the user only needs to disconnect the battery connector 141 from the power battery 13 to operate. After the power battery 13 is installed, the ground terminal 145 of the power battery 13 is in conduction with the metal part 111 when the battery connector 141 is connected with the power battery 13, so that the power battery 13 can be safely grounded. In this way, the efficiency of the user in daily replacement of the power battery 13 can be effectively improved, the probability of using special tools can be reduced, and the convenience is improved.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 2 andFigure 4 As shown in Figure 2 The power distribution box 143 further comprises a first power transmission port 1432 and a second power transmission port 1433. The second end of the energy harness is connected to the first power transmission port 1432, and the second power transmission port 1433 is used to connect the power load. As shown in Figure 4 The second power transmission port 1433 outputs direct current, and the second power transmission port 1433 comprises a positive output end 1433a and a negative output end 1433b. The positive poles of the power batteries 13 are connected to each other in the power distribution box 143 through the positive direct current wires in the energy harness, and the negative poles of the power batteries 13 are connected to each other in the power distribution box 143 through the negative direct current wires in the energy harness. The power distribution box 143 is used to protect the power batteries 13 and distribute the input and output energy of the power batteries 13. For example, the power distribution box 143 can distribute the power input by the power batteries 13 and output to each power load through the second power transmission port 1433 to meet the power demand of different power loads.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 4 Understandably, when the electric vehicle 100 receives the power-on instruction, in the power battery 13, the switch 1332 and the switch 1333 are closed, the power supply 131 inside the power battery 13 starts to supply power, and the current is limited through the pre-charging resistor 132; when the circuit is stable, the switch 1331 is turned on and the switch 1332 is cut off, realizing power supply to the electric vehicle 100. Because the current in the power battery 13 is too large at the moment of turning on the circuit, it may cause a large impact on the parts of the electric vehicle 100, and may endanger the personal safety of the user, so it is necessary to add a pre-charging circuit in the power supply circuit, and limit the current through the pre-charging resistor 132, thereby relieving the impact of high voltage of the power supply and improving the safety. The pre-charging resistor 132 can be adjusted with the power battery 13, for example, the pre-charging resistor 132 can be a resistor with a rated power of 12W and a resistance of 10Ω. The specific specifications of the pre-charging resistor 132 are not limited in the present application, and the related technical personnel can select according to the actual situation. When the power battery 13 starts normal power supply, the positive pole of the power supply 131 is electrically connected to the positive output pin 1412a, and the negative pole of the power supply 131 is electrically connected to the negative output pin 1412b. In the power distribution box 143, the positive poles of the power batteries 13 are connected to the positive output end 1433a, the negative poles of the power batteries 13 are connected to the negative output end 1433b, and the power batteries 13 are uniformly output. In this way, the power batteries 13 can realize energy input and output through the power distribution box 143.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3The charging and discharging port 131 includes a signal terminal (not shown in the figure), the battery connector 141 further includes a signal transmission pin 1413, the wire harness 142 further includes a signal transmission wire harness (not shown in the figure), and the electric vehicle 100 further includes a control device configured to control the operation of the electric vehicle 100. The signal transmission pin 1413 is configured to be connected with the signal terminal, a first end of the signal transmission wire harness is connected to the signal transmission pin 1413, and a second end of the signal transmission wire harness is configured to be connected with the control device. The control device can include a battery management system (BMS), a vehicle instrument or a body control module (BCM), etc. In this way, the power battery 13 can be connected with the control device through the signal transmission pin 1413. In some embodiments, the power battery 13 can be connected with each control device through the signal transmission pin 1413 by using a controller area network (CAN) to realize the information exchange between the power battery 13 and the control device. For example, when the battery connector 141 is connected with the power battery 13 and the power battery 13 can output current through the battery connector 141, the signal transmission pin 1413 outputs a power-on signal to the body control module. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the signal transmission pin 1413 can also be connected with the control device by using other communication modes. The other communication mode can be a wired communication mode, for example, a wired communication mode based on an RS485 bus. The application does not limit the specific mode of establishing the communication connection. The number of the signal transmission pin 1413 can be set according to the design requirement, for example, the number is 5. The application does not limit the specific number of the signal transmission pin 1413.

[0037] In an embodiment of the application, as Figure 3As shown, the positive output pin 1412a and the negative output pin 1412b are arranged at the middle of the interface surface of the battery connector 141, the ground pin 1411 is arranged at the side of the positive output pin 1412a and the negative output pin 1412b close to the wire harness 142, the signal transmission pin 1413 is arranged at the side of the positive output pin 1412a and the negative output pin 1412b away from the wire harness 142, and the positive output pin 1412a and the negative output pin 1412b are symmetrically arranged relative to the ground pin 1411. The shapes of the ground pin 1411, the positive output pin 1412a, the negative output pin 1412b and the signal transmission pin 1413 can be circular, square or other shapes, and the application does not limit the specific arrangement of the ground pin 1411, the positive output pin 1412a, the negative output pin 1412b and the signal transmission pin 1413. In other embodiments, the ground pin 1411, the positive output pin 1412a, the negative output pin 1412b and the signal transmission pin 1413 on the battery connector 141 can also be arranged in other arrangements that can correspond to the charging and discharging port 131 of the power battery 13, and the application does not limit the specific arrangement of the battery connector 141.

[0038] According to the above embodiment, the battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143 can be made of waterproof and dustproof materials. The contact part of the battery connector 141 and the charging and discharging port 131 can be made of metal or alloy material, the insulating material of the battery connector 141 can be made of polyamide, epoxy resin or other materials, and the shell of the battery connector 141 can be made of stainless steel, metal plating or other composite materials. The specific manufacturing materials of the battery connector 141 are not limited in the present application. The shell of the distribution box 143 can be made of plastic, aluminum alloy or other materials, and the specific manufacturing materials of the distribution box 143 are not limited in the present application, which can be selected according to the actual application environment. The battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143 have good protection performance, which can effectively meet the preset waterproof and dustproof requirements of the electric vehicle 100. For example, the battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143 can meet the production standard of IP67 protection safety level (Ingress Protection Rating, IP), that is, the battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143 have 6-level dustproof and 7-level waterproof capability. The specific production standards of the battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143 are not limited in the present application. The battery connector 141 can effectively protect the connection point of the wire harness 142 and the power battery 13. Compared with the metal reed directly exposed to air in the related art, the battery connector 141 can reduce the probability of corrosion and rust of the connection point while ensuring the conductivity of the line, improve the wear resistance, and improve the safety of the electric vehicle 100. In this way, the service life of the electric vehicle 100 can be effectively guaranteed while improving the conductivity of the material, improving the protection effect of the battery connector 141 and the distribution box 143, ensuring the reliability and stability of the electric vehicle 100, and improving the working efficiency of the electric vehicle 100.

[0039] In other embodiments of the present application, when the battery system 13 includes a power battery 13, the power battery 13 can be connected to the wire harness 142 through a battery connector 141, directly connected to the metal part 111 through the ground wire harness in the wire harness 142 to realize the safe grounding of the power battery 13, and directly connected to the power load through the energy wire harness in the wire harness 142 to realize the power supply function of the power battery 13 to the power load.

[0040] It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application can be combined arbitrarily, for example, can be used alone or in combination, to achieve different technical effects, which are not limited.

[0041] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle, comprising: Frame; A walking system, the walking system including a front wheel and a rear wheel disposed under the frame; The power system includes a power battery and a drive motor. The power battery is supported by the vehicle frame and connected to the drive motor to supply power to the drive motor. The drive motor is connected in transmission to at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel. An electrical system, at least for controlling the power battery and the drive motor; The electrical system is characterized by comprising: A battery connector is pluggably connected to the charging / discharging port of the power battery. The charging / discharging port includes a grounding terminal, and the battery connector includes a grounding pin. The grounding terminal is connected to the grounding pin. The wiring harness includes a grounding harness, a first end of which is connected to the grounding pin, and a second end of which is connected to the vehicle frame.

2. The electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The battery connector also includes a power output pin, and the wiring harness also includes an energy harness. The first end of the energy harness is connected to the power output pin, and the second end of the energy harness is connected to the electrical load on the electric vehicle.

3. The electric vehicle as described in claim 2, characterized in that: When the number of power batteries is at least two, the electrical system also includes a power distribution box, the grounding harness is connected to the vehicle frame through the power distribution box, and the second end of the energy harness is connected to the electrical load through the power distribution box.

4. The electric vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The grounding harness includes at least two grounding input lines and one grounding conductor, and the distribution box includes at least two conductive input ports and one grounding port. The first end of each grounding input line is connected to the corresponding grounding pin as the first end of the grounding wire bundle, and the second end of each grounding input line is connected to the corresponding input port; the first end of the grounding wire is connected to the grounding port, and the second end of the grounding wire is connected to the vehicle frame as the second end of the grounding wire bundle.

5. The electric vehicle as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The vehicle frame is provided with a metal part, and the second end of the grounding wire is connected to the metal part.

6. The electric vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The power distribution box also includes a first power transmission port and a second power transmission port. The second end of the energy harness is connected to the first power transmission port, and the second power transmission port is used to connect the electrical load.

7. The electric vehicle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The battery connector and the power distribution box are made of waterproof and dustproof materials.

8. The electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power battery includes a metal casing, and the grounding terminal is connected to the metal casing.

9. The electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The charging / discharging port includes a signal terminal, the battery connector includes a signal transmission pin, the wiring harness includes a signal transmission harness, the electric vehicle includes a control device, the control device is used to control the operation of the electric vehicle, the signal transmission pin is used to connect to the signal terminal, the first end of the signal transmission harness is connected to the signal output pin, and the second end of the signal transmission harness is used to connect to the control device.

10. The electric vehicle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The power battery is detachably supported on the vehicle frame.

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