Tunnel excavation supporting structure under karst geological condition

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tunnel excavation supporting structure under karst geological conditions, which comprises a supporting platform, a supporting push plate with a semicircular structure is arranged at the end part of the supporting platform, a balance steel frame is arranged on the inner side of the supporting push plate, a stress supporting frame is arranged on the inner side of the supporting platform in a penetrating manner, and the stress supporting frame is arranged on the inner side of the supporting platform. The threaded anchor rods are evenly arranged on the supporting push plate, so that the supporting push plate can obtain a good anchoring effect at all positions, and the supporting push plate is stably connected with the top end of the tunnel. Meanwhile, a multi-point uniform supporting structure is formed by matching a semi-arc-shaped supporting steel top plate on the inner side of the supporting push plate with a V-shaped balancing steel frame with the two ends fixed to the two sides of the arc face of the top end of the inner wall of the supporting steel top plate and supporting points at the two ends of the supporting platform. The pressure of different positions of the top of the tunnel can be more comprehensively borne, the problems of local deformation, push plate damage and the like caused by single-point supporting are effectively avoided, the supporting strength of the whole supporting structure to the top of the tunnel is enhanced, and the collapse risk of the tunnel is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to karst tunnel construction technical field, concretely relates to a tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions. BACKGROUND

[0002] The structure of the tunnel includes two parts of the main building and the auxiliary equipment, the main building is composed of the tunnel body and the tunnel portal, the auxiliary equipment includes the escape hole, the fire-fighting facilities, the emergency communication and the drainage facilities, the long tunnel also has the special ventilation and lighting equipment, the existing part karst tunnel support structure needs to remove the whole frame after the position fine-tuning, and then is assembled in the required position, the operation is more cumbersome, and the construction efficiency is extremely adversely affected.

[0003] Therefore, the publication number "CN220849714U" is a kind of karst tunnel support structure, including push plate, the push plate inner side movably connected with anchor screw, the anchor screw is symmetrically provided with several, the push plate bottom is fixedly connected with vertical plate, the vertical plate is symmetrically provided with two, the inner side of vertical plate bottom end is all fixedly connected with hydraulic telescopic rod, opens hydraulic telescopic rod and expands, the height of vertical plate and push plate rises to the position that push plate top contacts karst tunnel top, anchor screw is anchored with embedded part, the position of fixed push plate is supported, continues to open hydraulic telescopic rod and expands, the output end of hydraulic telescopic rod is supported at the top through anchor screw, can drive bottom plate to continue to descend to the position of fully contacting ground and support, can effectively avoid the case that the whole frame needs to be removed after the position fine-tuning, and then is assembled in the required position, effectively simplifies the operation process, and improves the construction efficiency.

[0004] However, for the above-mentioned karst tunnel support structure, although the push plate bottom side is fixedly connected with the support rod, the support rod is symmetrically provided with two, which effectively improves the stability of the push plate, but the following obvious defects still exist in the use process: the inner side of the push plate in the above-mentioned support structure is a single-point support structure with T-shaped structure, which cannot maintain the stability of the push plate under multi-point balanced force support due to the large span distance of the push plate support, and the vertical downward force in the karst tunnel is supported by the single-point support of the support rod, which easily causes the downward concave deformation of the support rod and the push plate after supporting the karst tunnel, and further causes the phenomenon of decreased support strength and tunnel collapse. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at providing a tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions to solve the problems in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions, comprising:

[0007] The supporting support table is provided with a supporting push plate with a semicircular structure at the end through a combined limiting plug rod with a threaded surface, the inner side of the supporting push plate is provided with a balanced steel frame with a V-shaped structure and balanced at two points, and a stress support frame with a reverse V-shaped structure is provided through the inner side of the supporting support table and combined with one end of the balanced steel frame to support the stress of the supporting push plate;

[0008] The vertical rods are arranged at both sides of the bottom of the supporting support table to support the lifting of the supporting push plate for the lifting support of the karst tunnel, the bottom of each vertical rod is provided with a manual hydraulic jack for lifting the vertical rod top to make the supporting push plate rise for the lifting support of the karst tunnel, the bottom of the manual hydraulic jack is provided with a supporting fixed bottom plate fixed in the ground to make the manual hydraulic jack lift the vertical rod, and the inner side of the vertical rod is provided with a moving seat for moving the karst tunnel supporting part.

[0009] Preferably, the supporting push plate is uniformly provided with threaded anchor rods for anchoring the supporting push plate at the top end of the karst tunnel, and the uniformly arranged threaded anchor rods can make the supporting push plate obtain better anchoring effect at each position.

[0010] Preferably, the inner side of the supporting push plate is provided with a supporting steel roof with a semicircular arc shape, and one end of the threaded anchor rod penetrates the supporting steel roof, and the two outwardly inclined ends of the balanced steel frame are fixed at both sides of the inner wall top arc surface of the supporting steel roof, so that when the supporting steel roof bears the pressure from the top of the tunnel, the force can be more uniformly transmitted to the balanced steel frame, reducing the problem of local deformation caused by single-point support.

[0011] Preferably, the two end supporting points of the balanced steel frame of the inner wall of the supporting steel roof and the two end supporting points of the supporting support table form a multi-point uniform support structure for the supporting push plate, which can more comprehensively bear the pressure from different positions of the top of the tunnel. Multi-point support avoids the problem of deformation or even damage of the supporting push plate caused by excessive local pressure when single-point support or a small number of point supports.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the balanced steel frame is provided with a supporting connection steel plate, and the supporting connection steel plate and the steel connection seat at the top end of the stress support frame are fixed by bolt locking, and the bottom ends of the stress support frame are inclined and penetrate to the both sides of the bottom of the supporting support table and are locked with the inner side of the vertical rod, which improves the ability of the entire supporting structure to resist vertical pressure and horizontal displacement, and ensures that the supporting structure can stably support the tunnel under karst geological conditions.

[0013] Preferably, two limiting combination through grooves are arranged on the upper surface of the two ends of the support support table, the two ends of the bottom of the support support table are provided with two combined limiting insertion rods, and the combined limiting insertion rods are locked and fixed through the limiting combination through grooves to the two sides of the bottom of the support support table through the lock caps, so that the support push plate cannot be displaced unnecessarily due to external force during use of the support structure, and the stability and safety of the entire support structure are ensured.

[0014] Preferably, the support fixing bottom plate at the bottom of the manual hydraulic jack is provided with anchoring screws anchored on the karst tunnel ground on the two sides, so that the manual hydraulic jack can work stably, and reliable jacking support is provided for the support structure, and the fixing effect and stability of the entire support structure on the tunnel ground are improved.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of moving support wheels are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the moving seat, and a steel plate connecting piece is arranged at the end of the moving seat and fixed to the inner side wall bottom end of the vertical rod at the two ends of the bottom of the support support table, so that the support structure can be conveniently moved to the required position in the tunnel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the karst geological condition tunnel excavation support structure are that: the threaded anchor rods are uniformly arranged on the support push plate, so that the support push plate can be well anchored at each position and stably connected with the tunnel top end. Meanwhile, the semicircular arc-shaped support steel top plate on the inner side of the support push plate cooperates with the V-shaped balanced steel frame fixed to the two sides of the arc surface top end of the inner wall and the support points at the two ends of the support support table to form a multi-point uniform support structure. This not only can more comprehensively bear the pressure at different positions of the tunnel top, effectively avoids problems such as local deformation and push plate damage caused by single-point support, greatly improves the stability of the support push plate, enhances the support strength of the entire support structure on the tunnel top, and reduces the risk of tunnel collapse.

[0017] The support structure of the utility model is also unique in ingenuity in connection and stability design. The balanced steel frame is bolted and locked through the steel connecting seat at the top end of the stress support frame and the support connecting steel plate, and the stress support frame bottom is locked and fixed to the inner side of the vertical rod, so that the ability of the entire support structure to resist vertical pressure and horizontal displacement is improved. The limiting combination through grooves of the support support table cooperate with the combined limiting insertion rods to ensure that the support push plate will not be unnecessarily displaced due to external force during use. The anchoring screws on the two sides of the support fixing bottom plate at the bottom of the manual hydraulic jack ensure that the jack works stably, and the fixing effect of the support structure on the tunnel ground is enhanced. The moving support wheels at the bottom of the moving seat facilitate the movement of the support structure in the tunnel, and the overall construction efficiency, safety and stability of the support structure are improved, and the many drawbacks of the existing support structure mentioned in the background art are effectively solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the utility model support structure side view structure;

[0020] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the utility model support steel roof front view structure;

[0021] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the utility model stress support frame front view structure;

[0022] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the utility model mobile seat side view structure.

[0023] In the figure: 1, support support platform; 2, combination limiting insertion rod; 3, support push plate; 4, balanced steel frame; 5, stress support frame; 6, vertical rod; 7, manual hydraulic jack; 8, support fixed bottom plate; 9, mobile seat; 10, threaded anchor rod; 11, support steel roof; 12, support connecting steel plate; 13, limiting combination through groove; 14, anchoring screw; 15, mobile support wheel; 16, steel plate connecting piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The utility model provides a technical scheme: a tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions, comprising:

[0026] The supporting support table 1 is connected with the supporting push plate 3 with a half-round structure through the combined limiting plug rod 2 with a threaded surface, so as to provide a stable mounting position for the supporting push plate 3 and ensure that the supporting push plate 3 can remain stable under different working conditions. The end of the supporting support table 1 is provided with the supporting push plate 3 with a half-round structure through the combined limiting plug rod 2 with a threaded surface. The position of the supporting push plate 3 on the supporting support table 1 is determined by passing through the limiting combined through slot 13 and being fixed by using a lock cap. In addition, the position of the supporting push plate 3 can be fine-tuned according to actual needs during construction. The half-round structure of the supporting push plate 3 is matched with the shape of the top of the karst tunnel, so that the supporting push plate 3 can better fit the top of the tunnel and increase the contact area with the top, thereby uniformly bearing the vertical pressure from the top of the tunnel and transmitting the pressure to the internal support structure. The inside of the supporting push plate 3 is provided with the balanced steel frame 4 with a V-shaped structure and balanced at two points, so that the pressure of the supporting push plate 3 can be uniformly transmitted to the two support points when the supporting push plate 3 bears the pressure of the top of the tunnel, thereby reducing the risk of local deformation and improving the stability of the supporting push plate 3,

[0027] The stress support frame 5 with a reverse V-shaped structure and one end combined with one end of the balanced steel frame 4 is arranged inside the supporting support table 1 to balance the stress support of the supporting push plate 3. The reverse V-shaped structure, the balanced steel frame 4, the supporting support table 1 and the vertical rod 6 jointly form a stable triangular support system. One end is connected with the balanced steel frame 4, and the other end is inclined and penetrates to the bottom of the supporting support table 1 on both sides and is locked and fixed with the inside of the vertical rod 6. This structure design enables the stress support frame 5 to effectively transmit the pressure from the supporting push plate 3 to the supporting support table 1 and the vertical rod 6, thereby improving the resistance of the structure to forces in different directions.

[0028] The vertical rod 6 transmits the jacking force generated by the manual hydraulic jack 7 to the supporting push plate 3, so that the supporting push plate 3 can be lifted to a suitable position to support the top of the karst tunnel. The vertical rod 6 is arranged at the bottom of the supporting support table 1 on both sides to lift the supporting push plate 3 for the jacking support of the karst tunnel. The bottom of the vertical rod 6 is provided with the manual hydraulic jack 7 for jacking the vertical rod 6 to lift the supporting push plate 3 for the jacking support of the karst tunnel. The jacking force is generated by manual operation to exert an upward force on the top of the vertical rod 6, so that the vertical rod 6 is lifted and in turn drives the supporting push plate 3 to be lifted, thereby realizing the jacking support function of the top of the karst tunnel and providing necessary power support for the construction of the entire supporting structure.

[0029] The bottom of the manual hydraulic jack 7 is provided with a support fixed bottom plate 8 fixed in the ground, which allows the manual hydraulic jack 7 to lift the vertical rod 6 and at the same time move downward to penetrate into the ground, thereby providing a stable support base for the manual hydraulic jack 7, bearing the reaction force from the jack when the manual hydraulic jack 7 is working, preventing the jack from sinking or deviating during the jacking process, and ensuring that the manual hydraulic jack 7 can work stably to provide reliable jacking support for the support structure. The inner side of the vertical rod 6 is provided with a moving seat 9 for moving the karst tunnel support, which has good moving performance and can easily move in the inner side of the vertical rod 6. During the tunnel construction process, construction personnel can move the relevant parts of the support structure to the required position according to the construction progress and actual needs.

[0030] The support push plate 3 is uniformly provided with threaded anchor rods 10 for anchoring the support push plate 3 to the top of the karst tunnel. When the support push plate 3 contacts the top of the tunnel, the threaded anchor rods 10 penetrate into the rock inside the top of the tunnel, and use the friction between the rock and the threaded anchor rods 10 and the anchoring force of the threaded anchor rods 10 to firmly anchor the support push plate 3 and the support steel top plate 11 to the top of the tunnel, thereby enhancing the connection strength between the support push plate 3 and the top of the tunnel.

[0031] The inner side of the support push plate 3 is provided with a support steel top plate 11 in the shape of a semicircle, and the threaded anchor rods 10 penetrate into the support steel top plate 11 at one end. The two ends of the balanced steel frame 4 are fixed to the two sides of the top arc surface of the inner wall of the support steel top plate 11, which is inclined outward. The circular arc shape fits the contour of the top of the tunnel, increases the contact area with the top of the tunnel, and allows the pressure from the top of the tunnel to be more evenly distributed on the support push plate 3, thereby avoiding stress concentration and improving the support effect of the support push plate 3 on the top of the tunnel. The support steel top plate 11 serves as a fixed carrier for the balanced steel frame 4, providing a stable support point for the balanced steel frame 4, so that the balanced steel frame 4 can better play the role of two-point balanced support. At the same time, the threaded anchor rods 10 penetrate through the support steel top plate 11, further enhancing the connection between the support steel top plate 11 and the top of the tunnel, and working cooperatively with the balanced steel frame 4.

[0032] The two end support points of the balanced steel frame 4 on the inner wall of the support steel top plate 11 form a multi-point uniform support structure for the support push plate 3 together with the two end support points of the support support platform 1.

[0033] The bottom end of the balanced steel frame 4 is provided with a support connecting steel plate 12, which is located at the bottom end of the balanced steel frame 4 and provides a stable platform for the connection between the balanced steel frame 4 and the stress support frame 5. The support connecting steel plate 12 and the top end of the stress support frame 5 are provided with a steel connecting seat fixed by bolts, and the two ends of the bottom of the stress support frame 5 are inclined and penetrate into the two sides of the bottom of the support support platform 1 and are locked and fixed to the inner side of the vertical rod 6.

[0034] The two ends of the supporting support platform 1 are provided with two limiting combination through grooves 13 on the upper surface, which are matched with the combination limiting insertion rod 2 to provide multiple optional positions for the combination limiting insertion rod 2 during the construction and installation process. The construction personnel can insert the combination limiting insertion rod 2 into the limiting combination through grooves 13 at different positions according to the actual shape and size of the tunnel to realize the accurate adjustment of the position of the supporting push plate 3. The two ends of the bottom of the supporting support platform 1 are provided with two combination limiting insertion rods 2, and the combination limiting insertion rod 2 is locked and fixed through the locking cap on the two sides of the bottom of the supporting support platform 1.

[0035] The two sides of the supporting fixed bottom plate 8 at the bottom of the manual hydraulic jack 7 are provided with anchoring screws 14 anchored on the karst tunnel ground. The anchoring screws 14 are arranged on the two sides of the supporting fixed bottom plate 8 and penetrate into the karst tunnel ground to firmly fix the supporting fixed bottom plate 8 on the ground by using the anchoring force of the ground to provide strong anti-pulling force and anti-sliding force for the entire supporting structure to prevent the supporting fixed bottom plate 8 from moving during the operation of the manual hydraulic jack 7.

[0036] The bottom inside of the moving seat 9 is uniformly provided with multiple moving support wheels 15. The uniform distribution of the multiple moving support wheels 15 ensures the stability of the moving seat 9 during the moving process, reduces the impact on other parts of the supporting structure caused by unstable movement, and ensures the overall stability of the supporting structure during the moving process. The end of the moving seat 9 is provided with a steel plate connecting piece 16 which is fixed to the inside wall bottom end of the stand 6 at the bottom of the two ends of the supporting support platform 1. The moving seat 9 is firmly fixed to the inside wall bottom end of the stand 6 at the bottom of the two ends of the supporting support platform 1 to ensure that the moving seat 9 is closely connected with the entire supporting structure during the moving process.

[0037] Specifically, in use, the supporting support platform 1 is connected with the supporting push plate 3 through the combination limiting insertion rod 2, the combination limiting insertion rod 2 penetrates through the limiting combination through grooves 13 at the two ends of the supporting support platform 1 and is fixed with a locking cap to finely adjust the position of the supporting push plate 3 and ensure that it matches the shape of the top of the tunnel to lay a foundation for subsequent supporting work. The V-shaped balanced steel frame 4 inside the supporting push plate 3 is fixed to the two sides of the top end arc surface of the semicircular arc-shaped supporting steel top plate 11 at its two ends to form a multi-point uniform support structure with the support points at the two ends of the supporting support platform 1, so that the supporting push plate 3 can uniformly bear the vertical pressure of the top of the tunnel and reduce local deformation. At the same time, the stress support frame 5 is inverted V-shaped, one end of which is combined with the balanced steel frame 4, and the other end penetrates through the bottom of the supporting support platform 1 and is locked with the inside surface of the stand 6 to form a stable triangular support system with other components to enhance the resistance of the structure to forces in different directions.

[0038] The manual hydraulic jack 7 is arranged at the bottom of the vertical rod 6, and generates a jacking force by manual operation to push the vertical rod 6 to rise, thereby driving the supporting push plate 3 to rise, so that the supporting push plate 3 reaches a suitable position to support the top of the karst tunnel, and the supporting fixed bottom plate 8 at the bottom of the manual hydraulic jack 7 bears the reaction force when the jack works, so as to prevent the jack from sinking or deviating.

[0039] The supporting steel top plate 11 not only matches the contour of the tunnel top and uniformly distributes the pressure, but also provides a stable support point for the balanced steel frame 4, and cooperates with the balanced steel frame 4 to further improve the stability of the supporting structure.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not for limiting the present application, although the foregoing embodiments of the present application are described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be modified, or part of the technical features of the equivalent replacement, within the spirit and principles of the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions, characterized in that, include: The support support platform (1) has a support push plate (3) with a semi-circular structure at the end of the support support platform (1) through a combined limiting rod (2) with a threaded surface. The support push plate (3) has a balanced steel frame (4) with a V-shaped structure and two-point balanced support on the inner side. The support support platform (1) has a stress support frame (5) with an inverted V-shaped structure and one end combined with the balanced steel frame (4) to provide balanced stress support for the support push plate (3). The uprights (6) are set on both sides of the bottom of the support support platform (1) to lift the support push plate (3) for jacking up the karst tunnel. The bottom of each upright (6) is equipped with a manual hydraulic jack (7) to lift the upright (6) and raise the support push plate (3) to support the karst tunnel. The bottom of the manual hydraulic jack (7) is equipped with a support fixing plate (8) that allows the manual hydraulic jack (7) to lift the upright (6) and move down into the ground to fix it. The inner side of the upright (6) is equipped with a moving seat (9) to move the karst tunnel support components.

2. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support push plate (3) is uniformly provided with threaded anchor rods (10) that anchor the support push plate (3) at the top of the karst tunnel.

3. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner side of the support push plate (3) is provided with a semi-circular arc-shaped support steel top plate (11), and one end of the threaded anchor rod (10) passes through the support steel top plate (11). The two ends of the balanced steel frame (4) that are inclined outward are fixed to both sides of the arc surface at the top of the inner wall of the support steel top plate (11).

4. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that: The balanced steel frame (4) at both ends of the inner wall of the supporting steel top plate (11) and the supporting support platform (1) at both ends form a multi-point uniform support structure for the supporting push plate (3).

5. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the balanced steel frame (4) is provided with a supporting connecting steel plate (12), and the supporting connecting steel plate (12) and the top end of the stress support frame (5) are provided with a steel connecting seat and locked and fixed by bolts. The bottom ends of the stress support frame (5) are inclined and penetrate to the two sides of the bottom of the support platform (1) and locked and fixed to the inner side of the upright (6).

6. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support platform (1) has two limiting combination slots (13) running through both ends of its top surface. The support platform (1) has two combination limiting rods (2) at both ends of its bottom surface. The combination limiting rods (2) pass through the limiting combination slots (13) to the two sides of the bottom of the support platform (1) and are locked and fixed by locking caps.

7. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manual hydraulic jack (7) has anchor bolts (14) on both sides of the support fixing base plate (8) at the bottom, which are anchored to the ground of the karst tunnel.

8. The tunnel excavation support structure under karst geological conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable seat (9) is provided with multiple movable support wheels (15) evenly distributed on the inner side of the bottom, and the movable seat (9) is provided with steel plate connectors (16) at the end, and the steel plate connectors (16) are fixed to the bottom of the inner side wall of the uprights (6) at both ends of the bottom of the support platform (1).

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