Piston structure, piston connecting rod mechanism and engine system
By installing a cover plate and a limiting component at the piston pin hole, the problem of insufficient piston sealing is solved, and high-temperature gas and engine oil are effectively blocked, thereby improving the working efficiency and reliability of the piston and engine system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520610684.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-02
AI Technical Summary
In existing opposed piston engines, high-temperature gases can easily overflow through the pin holes, causing oil to be carried out, resulting in high-temperature lubrication failure and pin seizure, as well as insufficient sealing.
A cover plate and a limiting component are installed at the piston pin hole. The cover plate blocks the high-temperature gas, and the limiting component prevents the cover plate from detaching. Combined with an alloy bushing, the sealing performance and stability are improved.
It effectively reduces the leakage of high-temperature gas and engine oil, reduces pin seizure failure, and improves the working efficiency and reliability of piston and engine systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN223825129U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a piston structure, piston connecting rod mechanism and engine system. Background Technology
[0002] The piston is an important component of the engine combustion chamber. Its function is to withstand the combustion pressure in the cylinder and transmit the force to the connecting rod and crankshaft to achieve power output.
[0003] Taking an opposed piston engine as an example, the piston sidewall is provided with a pin hole for the piston pin to pass through. The piston and connecting rod are connected through the small end of the connecting rod to the piston pin, thereby realizing power output. However, when this engine is working, the high temperature gas generated inside the piston is easy to overflow from the pin hole, which may carry out the oil on the inner wall of the piston, causing high temperature lubrication failure and resulting in a serious failure of pin seizure.
[0004] Therefore, how to improve the piston's sealing performance, thereby reducing the leakage of high-temperature gas and oil from the pin hole and thus improving the piston's working efficiency, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to at least solve the technical problem of how to improve the piston's sealing performance, thereby reducing the leakage of high-temperature gas and oil from the pin hole, and thus improving the piston's working efficiency. This objective is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0006] In the first aspect, this utility model proposes a piston structure, which includes: a piston body having an inner cavity, the piston body including a head and a skirt connected to the head, the end of the skirt away from the head having an assembly port communicating with the inner cavity, and two pin holes for assembling piston pins symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the skirt; and two cover plates, the two cover plates being arranged one-to-one with the two pin holes, in a set of mutually corresponding cover plates and pin holes, the cover plates being used to block the pin holes.
[0007] In this piston structure, when the engine is running, the high-temperature gas generated in the inner cavity of the piston body is blocked by the cover plate, which effectively reduces the situation where the high-temperature gas carries the engine oil out through the pin hole, thereby reducing the occurrence of serious failures such as pin seizure caused by high-temperature lubrication failure, and thus improving the working efficiency of the piston structure. In addition, this method only requires adding a cover plate of appropriate size and material at the pin hole, without changing the structure of the piston body or piston pin, making manufacturing and assembly very convenient.
[0008] In some embodiments of this utility model, in a set of corresponding cover plates and pin holes, the cover plates and pin holes are fitted with a clearance.
[0009] In some embodiments of this utility model, the piston structure further includes two limiting members, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with two cover plates. In a set of mutually corresponding limiting members, cover plates and pin holes, the limiting members are located on the side of the cover plate away from the inner cavity, and the limiting members are used to prevent the cover plate from disengaging from the pin hole.
[0010] In some embodiments of this utility model, the limiting member is a retaining ring, and in a set of corresponding retaining rings and pin holes, the retaining ring is engaged with the pin hole.
[0011] In some embodiments of this utility model, the retaining ring is an elastic element.
[0012] Secondly, this utility model proposes a piston connecting rod mechanism, which includes: any of the piston structures described above; a connecting rod structure, the first end of which has a first hole and is located in the inner cavity; and a piston pin, located in the inner cavity, which passes through the first hole and is transitionally fitted with two pin holes.
[0013] In some embodiments of this utility model, the piston connecting rod mechanism further includes a bushing, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston pin, and the first hole is sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing.
[0014] In some embodiments of this utility model, the bushing is an alloy bushing.
[0015] In some embodiments of this utility model, the second end of the connecting rod structure has a second hole, the diameter of which is larger than that of the first hole, and the second hole is used for connection with the crankshaft.
[0016] Thirdly, this utility model proposes an engine system, which includes: any of the piston connecting rod mechanisms described above; an engine body including a cylinder liner, the skirt of which is configured to directly contact the inner wall of the cylinder liner and reciprocate along the extension direction of the cylinder liner; and a crankshaft including a connecting rod journal, the second end of the connecting rod structure having a second hole, a connecting rod bearing being provided in the second hole, and the connecting rod bearing being connected to the connecting rod journal.
[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the piston structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piston body in the piston structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining ring in the piston structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 4 An exploded view of the piston connecting rod mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows:
[0024] 1. Piston and connecting rod mechanism;
[0025] 10. Piston structure;
[0026] 100. Piston body; 110. Head; 120. Skirt; 121. Pin hole;
[0027] 200. Cover plate;
[0028] 300. Limiting component; 310. Retaining ring; 311. First part; 312. Second part;
[0029] 20. Connecting rod structure; 201. First hole; 202. Second hole;
[0030] 30. Piston pin. Detailed Implementation
[0031] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
[0032] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also include the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.
[0033] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.
[0034] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "over," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" would subsequently be oriented as "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.
[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the piston structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piston body in the piston structure provided in the embodiment of this utility model; as shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model embodiment provides a piston structure 10, which includes: a piston body 100 having an inner cavity, the piston body 100 including a head 110 and a skirt 120 connected to the head 110, the end of the skirt 120 away from the head 110 having an assembly port communicating with the inner cavity, and two pin holes 121 for assembling piston pins 30 symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the skirt 120; and two cover plates 200, the two cover plates 200 and the two pin holes 121 being arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, in a set of mutually corresponding cover plates 200 and pin holes 121, the cover plate 200 is used to block the pin hole 121.
[0036] In this embodiment, when the engine is working, the high-temperature gas generated in the inner cavity of the piston body 100 is blocked by the cover plate 200, which effectively reduces the situation where the high-temperature gas carries the oil out through the pin hole 121, thereby reducing the occurrence of serious failures such as pin seizure caused by high-temperature lubrication failure of the piston, and thus improving the working efficiency of the piston structure 10.
[0037] In addition, this method only requires adding a cover plate 200 of appropriate size and material at the pin hole 121, without changing the structure of the piston body 100 or the piston pin 30, making manufacturing and assembly very convenient.
[0038] In some embodiments of this utility model, in a set of corresponding cover plates 200 and pin holes 121, the cover plate 200 and the pin hole 121 are in clearance fit.
[0039] In this embodiment, the cover plate 200 and the pin hole 121 are configured to have a clearance fit in order to prevent the deformation of the pin hole 121 itself from affecting the engine when it is working, thereby further ensuring the working efficiency of the piston structure 10.
[0040] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments of this utility model, the piston structure 10 further includes two limiting members 300, which are respectively arranged in correspondence with two cover plates 200. In a set of mutually corresponding limiting members 300, cover plates 200 and pin holes 121, the limiting member 300 is located on the side of the cover plate 200 away from the inner cavity, and the limiting member 300 is used to prevent the cover plate 200 from disengaging from the pin hole 121.
[0041] In this embodiment, it is easy to understand that when the piston structure 10 is assembled into the engine, the piston pin 30 needs to extend into the inner cavity and be assembled into the pin hole 121; and because the piston structure 10 will reciprocate when the engine is working, in order to maintain the normal operation of the engine, it is necessary to restrict the axial displacement of the piston pin 30.
[0042] Therefore, in this embodiment, a limiting member 300 is provided at each cover plate 200. While preventing the cover plate 200 from dislodging from the pin hole 121 and thus preventing the leakage of high-temperature gas and oil, it can also limit the piston pin 30, thereby further ensuring the working efficiency of the piston structure 10.
[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining ring in the piston structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to... Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments of this utility model, the limiting member 300 is a retaining ring 310. In a set of corresponding retaining rings 310 and pin holes 121, the retaining ring 310 is engaged with the pin hole 121.
[0044] In this embodiment, specifically taking a fully floating piston structure as an example, since the piston structure 10 needs to move back and forth during operation, the piston pin 30 also needs to float within the pin hole 121. In order to reduce the wear between the retaining ring 310 and the pin hole 121, the retaining ring 310 can be set to have a clearance fit with the pin hole 121, thereby ensuring the stability and durability of the piston pin 30 during the operation of the piston structure 10.
[0045] Continue to refer to Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments of this utility model, the retaining ring 310 is an elastic element.
[0046] Specifically, the retaining ring 310 may include a first part 311 and a second part 312 symmetrically arranged with respect to the first part 311. The first part 311 and the second part 312 are connected, and under the action of elasticity, the first part 311 and the second part 312 can move closer to each other and further away from each other. When assembling the retaining ring 310, the first part 311 and the second part 312 are brought closer to each other by external force (i.e., the outline of the retaining ring 310 is reduced), and the retaining ring 310 is placed into the pin hole 121. Then the external force is released, and the first part 311 and the second part 312 are moved further away from each other (i.e., the outline of the retaining ring 310 is increased), so that the retaining ring 310 is engaged with the pin hole 121.
[0047] Therefore, this arrangement ensures the stability of the assembly between the retaining ring 310 and the pin hole 121, while also facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the retaining ring 310.
[0048] Figure 4 An exploded view of the piston-connecting rod mechanism provided in the embodiment of this utility model; also referenced. Figures 1 to 4 This utility model embodiment also provides a piston connecting rod mechanism 1, which includes: any of the piston structures 10 described above; a connecting rod structure 20, the first end of which has a first hole 201 and is located in the inner cavity; and a piston pin 30, located in the inner cavity, the piston pin 30 passing through the first hole 201 and the piston pin 30 transitionally engaging with two pin holes 121.
[0049] In this embodiment, the assembly process of this piston-connecting rod mechanism 1 will be described in detail below:
[0050] First, the first end of the connecting rod structure 20 is inserted into the inner cavity through the assembly port of the skirt 120; then, the piston pin 30 is inserted into the inner cavity through a pin hole 121 of the skirt 120, and the piston pin 30 is inserted into the first hole 201, ensuring that both ends of the piston pin 30 are respectively transitionally fitted with the two pin holes 121; next, the two cover plates 200 are each used to block one pin hole 121, ensuring that each cover plate 200 is clearance fitted with the corresponding pin hole 121; finally, the two retaining rings 310 are each installed in one pin hole 121, ensuring that each retaining ring 310 is clearance fitted with the corresponding pin hole 121, thus completing the assembly.
[0051] Therefore, in this piston-connecting rod mechanism 1, when the engine is working, the high-temperature gas generated in the inner cavity of the piston body 100 is blocked by the cover plate 200, which effectively reduces the situation where the high-temperature gas carries the oil out through the pin hole 121, thereby reducing the occurrence of serious failures such as pin seizure caused by high-temperature lubrication failure of the piston, and thus improving the working efficiency of the piston-connecting rod mechanism 1; in addition, this method only requires adding a cover plate 200 of appropriate size and material at the pin hole 121, without changing the structure of the piston body 100 or the piston pin 30, which is very convenient for manufacturing and assembly.
[0052] In some embodiments of this utility model, the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 further includes a bushing (not shown in the figure), the bushing is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston pin 30, and the first hole 201 is sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing.
[0053] In this embodiment, the bushing can reduce the wear between the piston pin 30 and the first hole 201, thereby protecting the connecting rod structure 20 and the piston pin 30.
[0054] In addition, since the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 generates a lot of heat when it is working, the bushing can also play a certain role in heat dissipation.
[0055] In addition, it is easy to understand that the presence of the bushing also improves the overall sealing performance of the piston connecting rod mechanism 1.
[0056] Specifically, in some embodiments of this utility model, the bushing is an alloy bushing.
[0057] In this embodiment, since the alloy material (e.g., aluminum alloy) has a low density, the overall weight of the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 can be appropriately reduced, thereby improving the power performance and fuel economy of the whole vehicle.
[0058] Furthermore, the alloy material has strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance, which effectively ensures the service life of the bushing.
[0059] In addition, the alloy material has good damping performance and can effectively absorb vibration energy, thereby reducing the noise and vibration generated by the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 during operation, and thus improving the driving and riding comfort of the whole vehicle.
[0060] Finally, it is easy to understand that alloy materials can better adapt to high temperature and high pressure working environments, thereby reducing the failure rate and improving the overall reliability and service life of the piston connecting rod mechanism 1.
[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of this utility model, the second end of the connecting rod structure 20 has a second hole 202, the diameter of the second hole 202 is larger than the diameter of the first hole 201, and the second hole 202 is used to connect with the crankshaft.
[0062] In this embodiment, it is easy to understand that the first hole 201 of the connecting rod structure 20 is commonly known as the small end hole of the connecting rod, and the second hole 202 of the connecting rod structure 20 is commonly known as the large end hole of the connecting rod. During vehicle assembly, the piston pin 30 is inserted through the first hole 201 and the second hole 202 is connected to the crankshaft to ultimately realize the power output of the engine system.
[0063] This utility model embodiment also provides an engine system, the engine system including: any of the above-described piston connecting rod mechanism 1; an engine body including a cylinder liner, the skirt 120 being configured to directly contact the inner wall of the cylinder liner and reciprocate along the extension direction of the cylinder liner; and a crankshaft including a connecting rod journal, the second end of the connecting rod structure 20 having a second hole 202, the second hole 202 being provided with a connecting rod bearing, the connecting rod bearing being connected to the connecting rod journal.
[0064] In this embodiment, after the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 is assembled (i.e., the piston structure 10, connecting rod structure 20 and piston pin 30 are assembled), the crankshaft of the engine system is connected to the connecting rod bearing in the second hole 202 through the connecting rod journal, and the skirt 120 of the piston body 100 is installed on the inner wall of the cylinder liner to ensure that the skirt 120 can directly contact the inner wall of the cylinder liner and can slide back and forth along the extension direction of the cylinder liner. Then the engine system is assembled.
[0065] This engine system has the same beneficial effect as any of the piston connecting rod mechanisms 1 mentioned above. It can effectively reduce the situation where high-temperature gas carries the engine oil out through the pin hole 121, thereby reducing the occurrence of serious failures such as pin seizure caused by high-temperature lubrication failure of the piston. In turn, it improves the working efficiency of the piston connecting rod mechanism 1 and the engine system as a whole. For the specific principle, please refer to the above analysis of the piston structure 10 and piston connecting rod mechanism 1, which will not be repeated here.
[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A piston structure, characterized in that, The piston structure (10) includes: A piston body (100) has an inner cavity. The piston body (100) includes a head (110) and a skirt (120) connected to the head (110). The end of the skirt (120) opposite to the head (110) has a mounting port communicating with the inner cavity. Two pin holes (121) for mounting piston pins (30) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the skirt (120). Two cover plates (200) are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with two pin holes (121). In a set of corresponding cover plates (200) and pin holes (121), the cover plate (200) is used to block the pin hole (121).
2. The piston structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In a set of corresponding cover plates (200) and pin holes (121), the cover plates (200) and pin holes (121) are clearance-fitted.
3. The piston structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston structure (10) further includes two limiting members (300), which are respectively arranged in correspondence with the two cover plates (200). In a set of mutually corresponding limiting members (300), cover plates (200) and pin holes (121), the limiting member (300) is located on the side of the cover plate (200) away from the inner cavity. The limiting member (300) is used to prevent the cover plate (200) from disengaging from the pin hole (121).
4. The piston structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting member (300) is a retaining ring (310). In a set of corresponding retaining rings (310) and pin holes (121), the retaining ring (310) is engaged with the pin hole (121).
5. The piston structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The retaining ring (310) is an elastic element.
6. A piston-connecting rod mechanism, characterized in that, The piston-linkage mechanism (1) includes: The piston structure (10) as described in any one of claims 1-5; A connecting rod structure (20), the first end of which has a first hole (201), the first end of which is located in the inner cavity; and A piston pin (30) is located in the inner cavity. The piston pin (30) passes through the first hole (201) and is transitionally fitted with the two pin holes (121).
7. The piston connecting rod mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The piston connecting rod mechanism (1) further includes a bushing, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the piston pin (30), and the first hole (201) is sleeved on the outer wall of the bushing.
8. The piston connecting rod mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bushing is an alloy bushing.
9. The piston connecting rod mechanism according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, The second end of the connecting rod structure (20) has a second hole (202), the diameter of which is larger than that of the first hole (201), and the second hole (202) is used to connect to the crankshaft.
10. An engine system, characterized in that, The engine system includes: The piston connecting rod mechanism (1) as described in any one of claims 6-9; An engine body, including a cylinder liner, wherein the skirt (120) is configured to directly contact the inner wall of the cylinder liner and reciprocate along the extension direction of the cylinder liner; and The crankshaft includes a connecting rod journal, and the second end of the connecting rod structure (20) has a second hole (202), in which a connecting rod bearing is provided, and the connecting rod bearing is connected to the connecting rod journal.