Filtering antenna, common-caliber antenna array and base station

Abstract

The utility model discloses a filtering antenna, a common aperture antenna array and a base station, the filtering antenna comprises a radiation structure, the radiation structure comprises a radiation substrate, at least one electric dipole and a plurality of open circuit branches; the electric dipole comprises two annular radiation arms which are symmetrical about the center of the radiation substrate; the annular radiation arm is connected with at least one open-circuit branch knot and is in the same plane with the open-circuit branch knot; and the open-circuit branch knot is used as a filtering structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a filter antenna, a common aperture antenna array, and a base station. Background Technology

[0002] With the iterative development of mobile communication technology, factors such as Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MMIMO), new frequency bands, frequency refarming, and the coexistence of 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G systems have led to an increase in the number of frequency bands that the antennas in base stations need to support, and a corresponding surge in antenna data.

[0003] Operators want to add antennas supporting more frequency bands to existing base stations to adapt to the development of mobile communications. As a result, common-aperture antennas that support multiple frequency bands and multiple arrays have become the mainstream of base station antennas today.

[0004] However, common-aperture antennas often lead to severe coupling problems between different frequency bands, resulting in a decrease in the performance of common-aperture antennas. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides a filtered antenna, a common aperture antenna array, and a base station to solve the technical problem of severe coupling between different frequency bands in the existing common aperture antenna.

[0006] Firstly, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model embodiment provides a filter antenna, comprising:

[0007] A radiating structure, the radiating structure comprising a radiating substrate, at least one electric dipole, and multiple open-circuit stubs;

[0008] The electric dipole includes two annular radiating arms that are centrally symmetrical about the radiating substrate;

[0009] The annular radiating arm is connected to at least one open-circuit stub and is on the same plane; the open-circuit stub serves as a filtering structure.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the annular radiating arm is quadrilateral in shape;

[0011] Each side of the annular radial arm connects to at least one of the open-circuit stubs.

[0012] In one possible implementation, two open-circuit branches with opposite opening directions are provided on the same side of the annular radial arm.

[0013] In one possible implementation, each side of the annular radiating arm near the center of the radiating substrate is provided with an open branch whose opening direction is opposite to the center of the radiating substrate;

[0014] Each side of the annular radiating arm, away from the center of the radiating substrate, is provided with two open branches with opposite openings.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the open branch is L-shaped, and the turning angle of the L-shaped open branch is a right angle or an arc-shaped turning angle.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the radiating structure further includes:

[0017] A coupling stub corresponds to at least one of the open-circuit stubs and is located on a different surface of the radiating substrate, wherein the coupling stub and the corresponding open-circuit stub overlap in their orthographic projections onto the radiating substrate.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the coupling stub corresponds to one of the open-circuit stubs, and the coupling stub and the corresponding open-circuit stub coincide in the orthographic projection of the radiating substrate.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the coupling stub is an open ring;

[0020] The open ring corresponds to two adjacent open stubs connected to the same side of the annular radial arm; and the opening of the open ring coincides with the gap between the two open stubs.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the filter antenna further includes:

[0022] A balun feed structure is located on one side of the radiating structure; the balun feed structure includes a support structure and a pair of feed lines corresponding to the electric dipole disposed on the support structure.

[0023] One end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the radiating substrate;

[0024] The feeder pair includes a first feeder wire and a second feeder wire;

[0025] The two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate, and the first feed line and the second feed line are directly connected to and coupled to the two annular radiating arms, respectively.

[0026] Alternatively, the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on the side of the radiating substrate away from the balun feed structure, and the first feed line and the second feed line are directly connected to the two annular radiating arms respectively.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate, and the radiating structure further includes:

[0028] A power feeding coupling structure is located on the side of the radiating substrate away from the coupled annular radiating arm of the two annular radiating arms, and the power feeding coupling structure overlaps with the coupled annular radiating arm. The power feeding coupling structure is connected to the second power feeding line.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the filter antenna further includes:

[0030] A metal reflector is located on the side of the balun-fed structure away from the low-frequency radiation structure; the metal reflector is fixedly connected to the other end of the support structure;

[0031] The metal reflector is either a flat metal reflector or a U-shaped metal reflector.

[0032] Secondly, embodiments of this utility model provide a common-aperture antenna array, comprising:

[0033] The filtered antenna as described in the first aspect;

[0034] Multiple antennas are distributed around the filter antenna, and the height of the high-frequency antenna is less than the height of the filter antenna; wherein the frequency of the filter antenna is less than the frequency of the antenna.

[0035] Thirdly, this utility model embodiment provides a base station, including the common aperture antenna array as described in the second aspect. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a common aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 A simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas is provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0039] Figures 7-12 A simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies is provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 13 A top view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 14 Simulation comparison diagram of the directivity coefficient of the filtered antenna with and without coupling stubs provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 15 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figures 16-21 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of another filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 23 A top view of a filter antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 24 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 25 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0048] Figures 26-31 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0049] Figure 32 A top view of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0050] Figure 33 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0051] Figure 34 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0052] Figures 35-40 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0053] Figure 41 A top view of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0054] Figure 42 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0055] Figure 43 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0056] Figures 44-49 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0057] Figure 50 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 13 A simplified schematic diagram of the cross-section along the AA' direction;

[0058] Figure 51 The present utility model provides a connection with the embodiments of the present utility model. Figure 50 A side view of the corresponding filter antenna;

[0059] Figure 52 A top view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0060] Figure 53 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 52 A simplified schematic diagram of the cross-section along the BB' direction;

[0061] Figure 54 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture filter antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 55 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0063] Figures 56-61 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0064] Figure 62 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a filter antenna provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0065] Figure 63 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0066] Figure 64 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0067] Figures 65-70 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0068] Figure 71 This is a schematic diagram of a common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure label:

[0070] Radiation structure 1, radiation substrate 11, electric dipole 12, open stub 13, annular radiation arm 121, coupling stub 14, opening K, gap K', balun feed structure 2, support structure 21, second feed line 23, feed coupling structure 15, metal reflector 3, radome 4. Detailed Implementation

[0071] This utility model provides a filtered antenna, a common aperture antenna array, and a base station to solve the technical problem of severe coupling between different frequency bands in the existing common aperture antenna.

[0072] It should be understood that the specific structural and functional details disclosed in the embodiments of this utility model are merely representative and are intended to describe exemplary embodiments of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many alternative or combined forms and should not be construed as being limited solely to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0073] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0074] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0075] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “an” as used herein are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units, and / or components, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0076] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the utility model more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. Terms describing position and direction in this utility model are illustrative based on the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this utility model. The accompanying drawings of this utility model are for illustrating relative positional relationships only and do not represent actual proportions.

[0077] It should be noted that specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. The following description is a preferred embodiment for carrying out the present application; however, the description is for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application shall be determined by the appended claims.

[0078] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details a filtered antenna, a common aperture antenna array, and a base station provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0079] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The filter antenna includes:

[0080] Radiation structure 1 includes a radiation substrate 11, at least one electric dipole 12, and multiple open-circuit stubs 13; as shown Figure 1 The radiating structure 1 shown can be equipped with an electric dipole 12, or it can be as follows: Figure 2 The radiation structure 1 shown is provided with two electric dipoles 12, which are placed orthogonally to achieve dual polarization;

[0081] The electric dipole 12 includes two annular radiating arms 121 symmetrical about the center O of the radiating substrate 11; the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole 12 can be as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 They can be located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate 11 or on the same surface of the radiating substrate 11, without limitation; the annular radiating arm 121 can be circular, elliptical, square, rectangular, regular hexagonal, etc., without specific limitation;

[0082] The annular radiating arm 121 is connected to at least one open-circuit stub 13 and is on the same plane; the open-circuit stub 13 serves as a filtering structure. When current flows from the point where the open-circuit stub 12 is connected to the connected annular radiating arm 121 to the end of the open-circuit stub 13, the electromagnetic field formed at the end of the open-circuit stub 13 partially cancels out the electromagnetic field generated by the annular radiating arm 12, thereby achieving a filtering effect.

[0083] An open-circuit stub 13 can be set on an annular radial arm 121, or it can be like... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The number of open-circuit branches 13 set on each annular radial arm 121 is not limited here.

[0084] In some embodiments, the open branch 13 is L-shaped, and the turning angle of the L-shaped open branch 13 is a right angle or an arc-shaped turning angle.

[0085] Please see Figures 3-5 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a common-aperture antenna array provided for an embodiment of this utility model, wherein... Figure 3 The first antenna in the structure does not have an antenna array (i.e., it does not have a radiating plate and therefore cannot radiate electromagnetic waves). Figure 4 The first ray's radiation structure 1 is Figure 2 The structure after removing open-circuit stub 13 (i.e., without a filtering structure) Figure 5 The filter antenna in the middle adopts Figure 2 The structure; in Figures 2-5 In this configuration, four identical second antennas are positioned around both the first antenna and the filter antenna. The frequency of the second antennas is higher than that of the first antenna and the filter antenna; the structural form of the second antennas is not restricted. Hereinafter, the electromagnetic waves generated by the third antenna and the filter antenna will be referred to as low-frequency electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves generated by the second antenna will be referred to as high-frequency electromagnetic waves.

[0086] For ease of explanation, Figure 3 , Figure 4 The corresponding common-aperture antenna arrays are denoted as Model 1 and Model 2, respectively, and will adopt this utility model. Figure 2 The filter antenna shown Figure 5 The common-aperture antenna array shown is denoted as Model 1.

[0087] Please see Figure 6 This invention provides a simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas, representing an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The thin line represents Figure 4 The S-parameter curves of Model 2 (i.e., the antenna without a filter structure) are shown below; the thick line represents... Figure 5 The S-parameter curves of this model 1 (i.e., the one with open-circuit stub 13, which is a filtered antenna band filter structure) are shown in the figure.Figure 6 As can be seen from this, in most frequency bands, compared to Figure 4 In this embodiment, no filtering structure is added to the third antenna (i.e., the low-frequency antenna element). Figure 5 The mutual isolation between the second antenna and the filter antenna (i.e., high and low frequency antennas) has been greatly improved, from -14 to -20 dB to -16 to -30 dB.

[0088] Please see Figures 7-12 This is a simulation comparison diagram of the radiation pattern of a high-frequency antenna at different frequencies, provided for an embodiment of this utility model. Figures 7-12 The radiating structure 1 in the filtered antenna of the Nakamoto model uses the following... Figure 2 The structure is shown. Since the first antenna in Model 1 cannot radiate electromagnetic waves, it's equivalent to the common-aperture antenna array in Model 1 radiating the same high-frequency electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, since no low-frequency electromagnetic waves block the high-frequency electromagnetic waves, there is no high-low frequency coupling. Therefore, the electromagnetic waves generated by Model 1 can be considered ideal electromagnetic waves. Because the antenna array in the third antenna in Model 2 only contains... Figure 2 The four annular radiating arms in Model 2 lack open-circuit stubs (13). Therefore, the third antenna in the common-aperture antenna array of Model 2 can generate low-frequency electromagnetic waves. These low-frequency electromagnetic waves will block the high-frequency electromagnetic waves generated by the third antenna. Thus, the electromagnetic waves generated by Model 2 exhibit severe high- and low-frequency coupling. Figures 7-12 It can be seen that, except for the 2.69GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 1 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna element, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna element differs significantly from that of Model 1 without an antenna element. This indicates that the low-frequency antenna has a significant impact on the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern. In this embodiment, by adding an open-circuit stub 13 to the annular radiating arm 121, a good filtering effect is achieved, so that the high-frequency antenna radiation pattern recovers to the case without a low-frequency antenna element at most frequency points, thus eliminating the coupling between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas to a certain extent.

[0089] It should be noted that, for ease of observation, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The annular radiating arm 121 and open-circuit stub 13 located on the upper surface of the radiating substrate 11 are shown with solid lines, while the annular radiating arm 121 and open-circuit stub 13 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11 are shown with dashed lines. High-frequency electromagnetic waves and low-frequency electromagnetic waves can be defined according to the electromagnetic wave range specified in the communications industry, or they can be customized according to actual needs; no specific restrictions are imposed.

[0090] In the embodiments provided by this utility model, by setting at least one open stub 13 as a filtering structure on the annular radiating arm 121, the electromagnetic waves generated by the current on the open stub 13 are canceled out with part of the electromagnetic waves generated by the annular radiating arm 121, thereby eliminating the coupling between high and low frequency antennas and improving the performance of the common aperture antenna array.

[0091] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 The annular radial arm 121 is quadrilateral in shape, such as a rectangle, square, parallelogram, etc.; each side of the annular radial arm 121 is connected to at least one open branch 13.

[0092] By setting the shape of the annular radiating arm to a quadrilateral, the size of the radiating structure 1 can be reduced, making it easier to miniaturize. At least one open-circuit stub 13 is connected to each side of the annular radiating arm, which can form at least one filter structure on each side to filter out high-frequency electromagnetic waves. This allows for the filtering out of more electromagnetic waves, further reducing the mutual coupling between high- and low-frequency electromagnetic waves and improving the performance of the common-aperture antenna array containing the filter antenna of this embodiment.

[0093] Please see Figure 13 This is a top view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The radial structure 1 further includes:

[0094] The coupling stub 14 corresponds to at least one open stub 13 and is located on a different surface of the radiating substrate 11. The orthographic projections of the coupling stub 14 and the corresponding open stub 13 onto the radiating substrate 11 overlap.

[0095] Figure 13 Is Figure 2 The structure is further enhanced by adding coupling branches 14, each coupling branch 14 corresponding to at least one open-circuit branch 13, in Figure 13 Each coupled branch 14 corresponds to an open branch 13, but some open branches 13 may not correspond to coupled branches 14.

[0096] Please continue reading Figure 13 Coupled stub 14 corresponds to an open stub 13, and the orthographic projections of coupled stub 14 and the corresponding open stub 13 onto the radiating substrate 11 coincide. See also... Figure 14 This is a simulation comparison chart of the directivity coefficients of the filtered antenna with and without coupling stubs, provided for embodiments of this utility model. From... Figure 14 As can be seen, by setting a coupling branch 14 that coincides with the orthographic projection of the corresponding coupling branch 14 on the side of the radiating substrate 11 away from the path branch 13, the directivity coefficient can be improved, thereby improving the radiation performance of the filter antenna.

[0097] Please seeFigures 15-21 , Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 16-21 This is a simulation comparison diagram of the radiation pattern of a high-frequency antenna at different frequencies, provided as an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 15 The filtered antenna used is Figure 13 The structure corresponding to the common aperture antenna array is denoted as Model 2.

[0098] from Figures 16-21 As can be seen, except for the 2.69GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna vibrator, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without adding a filter structure to the antenna vibrator is quite different from that of Model 1 without an antenna vibrator.

[0099] It can be seen that after adding open-circuit stub 13 and corresponding coupling stub 14, Model 2 achieved a good filtering effect, which restored the high-frequency antenna pattern to the state without low-frequency antenna elements at most frequency points, eliminated the coupling between high and low frequency antennas to a certain extent, and improved the radiation performance of the filtered antenna.

[0100] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, two open-circuit stubs 13 with openings K facing each other are provided on the same side of the annular radiating arm 121 (such as the side away from the center O of the radiating substrate 11); as Figure 22 The diagram shown is a schematic of another filter antenna provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Alternatively, each side of the annular radiating arm 121 may have two open-circuit stubs 13 facing each other in the direction of opening K. Furthermore, in... Figure 22 For each open-circuit branch 13 located on the upper surface of the radiating substrate 11, a coupling branch 14 of the same shape and size is provided. Similarly, for some open-circuit branches 13 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11, coupling branches 14 of the same shape and size are also provided. The corresponding top view is shown below. Figure 23 As shown. Using Figure 22 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the common-aperture antenna array is shown below. Figure 24 As shown, Figure 24 The corresponding common-aperture antenna array is denoted as Model 3.

[0101] Please see Figure 25 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model, from... Figure 25As can be seen, compared to Model 2 which does not add a filtering structure to the third antenna (the low-frequency antenna element), Model 3 sets two open-circuit stubs 13 with opposite openings K on each side of the annular radiating arm 121, which greatly improves the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas, from -14 to -20 dB to -20 to -32 dB. Furthermore, compared to Model 2, Model 3 provides better mutual isolation in the low-frequency band of 1.69 to 1.8 GHz.

[0102] Please see Figures 26-31 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model, from Figures 26-31 As can be seen, except for the 2.69 GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 3 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna differs significantly from that of Model 1 without an antenna. Furthermore, compared to Model 2, Model 3 is closer to the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 1 without an antenna at 1.69 GHz, 1.85 GHz, and 2.33 GHz, while Model 2 is closer to the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 1 without an antenna at 2.01 GHz, 2.17 GHz, and 2.69 GHz.

[0103] Therefore, by setting two open stubs 13 opposite to each other on each side of the annular radiating arm 121, the filtering performance of the filter antenna at some frequencies can be improved, but it will also lead to a decrease in the filtering performance at other frequencies.

[0104] Please see Figure 32 This is a top view of another radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 32 In the annular radiating arm 121, an open stub 13 with an opening K facing the center of the radiating substrate 11 is provided near the center of the radiating substrate 11. On each side of the annular radiating arm 121 away from the center of the radiating substrate 11, two open stubs 13 with opposite openings K are provided. (See also...) Figure 33 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention, denoted as Model 4.

[0105] Please see Figure 34 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model, from... Figure 34 As can be seen, compared to Model 2, which does not add a filtering structure to the low-frequency antenna element, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in Model 4 is significantly improved, increasing from -14 to -20 dB to -16 to -33 dB. Compared to Model 2, Model 4 provides better mutual isolation in frequency bands other than 2.29 to 2.47 GHz.

[0106] Please seeFigures 35-40 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model, from Figures 35-40 As can be seen, except for the 2.69GHz frequency point, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 4 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna differs significantly from that of Model 1 without an antenna. However, compared with Model 2, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 4 differs slightly more from that of Model 1 without an antenna.

[0107] In this model 2, each side of the annular radiating arm 121 near the center of the radiating substrate 11 is provided with an open branch 13 with an opening K facing away from the center of the radiating substrate 11; each side of the annular radiating arm 121 away from the center of the radiating substrate 11 is provided with two open branches 13 with opposite openings K.

[0108] In the embodiments provided by this utility model, by providing an open stub 13 with an opening K facing away from the center of the radiating substrate 11 on each side of the annular radiating arm 121 near the center of the radiating substrate 11, and providing two open stubs 13 with opposite opening K on each side of the annular radiating arm 121 away from the center of the radiating substrate 11, the filtering performance of the filtering antenna can be improved.

[0109] Please see Figure 41 This is a top view of another radiating structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. In this radiating structure 1, the coupling branch 14 is an open K-ring; the open K-ring corresponds to two adjacent open branches 13 connected to the same side of the annular radiating arm; and the opening K of the open K-ring coincides with the gap K' between the two open branches 13.

[0110] Please see Figure 42 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 42 The filter antenna in the common aperture antenna array uses Figure 41 The radial structure 1 shown is... Figure 42 The common-aperture antenna array shown is denoted as Model 5.

[0111] Please see Figure 43 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model, from... Figure 43 As can be seen, in the 2–2.69 GHz frequency band, compared to Model 2 which does not add a filtering structure to the low-frequency antenna element, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in Model 5 is significantly improved, increasing from -14–-17 dB to -20–-31 dB. However, in the 1.69–2 GHz frequency band, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in Model 5 is poor.

[0112] Please seeFigures 44-49 Another simulation comparison diagram of high-frequency antenna radiation patterns at different frequencies provided for embodiments of this utility model, from Figures 44-49 As can be seen, except for the 1.69GHz and 2.69GHz frequencies, at most frequencies, the high-frequency radiation patterns of Model 5 are similar to those of Model 1 without an antenna and Model 2, while the high-frequency radiation patterns of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna are quite different from those of Model 1 without an antenna.

[0113] Therefore, setting the coupling stub 14 as an open K-ring results in a decrease in filtering performance in the low-frequency band compared to setting it as an L-shape.

[0114] Please see Figures 50-52 , Figure 50 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 13 A simplified schematic diagram of the cross-section along the AA' direction. Figure 51 The present utility model provides a connection with the embodiments of the present utility model. Figure 50 A side view of the corresponding filter antenna. Figure 52 This is a top view of a radial structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 53 Provided for the embodiments of this utility model Figure 52 A simplified cross-sectional view along the BB' direction is shown. The filter antenna also includes:

[0115] The balun feed structure 2 is located on one side of the radiating structure 1. The balun feed structure 2 includes a support structure 21 and a pair of feed lines corresponding to the electric dipoles 12 disposed on the support structure 21. If the filter antenna includes two electric dipoles 12, then each of the two electric dipoles 12 corresponds to a pair of feed lines. If the filter antenna includes one electric dipole 12, then this one electric dipole 12 corresponds to a pair of feed lines.

[0116] One end of the support structure 21 is fixedly connected to the radiating substrate 11;

[0117] The feeder pair includes a first feeder wire and a second feeder wire 23; the aforementioned support structure 21 can be composed of two printed circuit boards, which are arranged in a cross shape. The first feeder wire and the second feeder wire 23 corresponding to an electric dipole 12 are respectively located on two sides of a printed circuit board; if the first feeder wire is grounded, copper can be applied to one side of the printed circuit board as the second feeder wire, and the second feeder wire is directly connected to the corresponding annular radiating arm 121 on the upper surface of the radiating substrate 11; copper traces are provided on the other side of the printed circuit board as the second feeder wire 23.

[0118] like Figure 50As shown, the two annular radiating arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on different sides of the radiating substrate 11, and the second feed line 23 is coupled to the corresponding annular radiating arm 121; since the first feed line is on the other side of the printed circuit board, the first feed line is not shown in the figure.

[0119] Please see Figure 50 and Figure 51 ( Figure 51 The middle side view direction is Figure 13 (AA' corresponds to the extension direction of the cutting line), the two annular radiating arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate 11, and the radiating structure 1 also includes:

[0120] The power feeding coupling structure 15 is located on the side of the radiating substrate 11 away from the coupled annular radiating arm 121 of the two annular radiating arms, and the power feeding coupling structure 15 overlaps with the coupled annular radiating arm 121. The power feeding coupling structure 15 is connected to the second power feeding line 23.

[0121] like Figure 52 and Figure 53 As shown, the two annular radiating arms 121 of the electric dipole 12 are located on the side of the radiating substrate 11 away from the balun feed structure 2. The first feed wire and the second feed wire 23 are directly connected to the two annular radiating arms 121, respectively. Since the first feed wire is on the other side of the printed circuit board, it is not shown in the figure. Figure 52 Since the coupling stub 14 is located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11, it cannot be shown. Figure 53 The routing of the second feeder line 23 on the support structure 21 can be referenced. Figure 51 .

[0122] Please see Figure 54 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture filter antenna array provided in this embodiment of the present invention. Figure 54 The filtered antenna adopts Figure 52 The structure, Figure 54 The corresponding common-aperture antenna array is denoted as Model 6.

[0123] Please see Figure 55 Another simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for an embodiment of this utility model, from... Figure 55 As can be seen, compared to Model 2, which does not add a filtering structure to the low-frequency antenna element, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in Model 6 is significantly improved, increasing from -14 to -20 dB to -18 to -39 dB. Compared to Model 2, Model 6 has poorer mutual isolation in the 2.11–2.33 GHz frequency band, but better mutual isolation in the 2.33–2.69 GHz frequency band.

[0124] Please see Figures 56-61A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation pattern of a high-frequency antenna at different frequencies, provided for an embodiment of this utility model. From Figures 56-61 As can be seen, except for the 1.69GHz and 2.69GHz frequencies, at most frequencies, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 6 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna element. However, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna element differs significantly from that of Model 1 without an antenna element. Compared to Model 2, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 6 differs slightly more from that of the model without an antenna element.

[0125] Therefore, using direct feeding will reduce the antenna's filtering performance to some extent.

[0126] In the embodiments provided by this utility model, by setting the two annular radiating arms 121 in the electric dipole 12 on different surfaces of the radiating substrate 11, and providing a feed coupling structure 15 for the annular radiating arm 121 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11, and connecting the second feed wire 23 to the feed coupling structure 15, the second feed wire 23 can be coupled to the annular radiating arm 121 located on the lower surface of the radiating substrate 11 through the feed coupling structure 15, thereby improving the filtering performance of the filtering antenna.

[0127] Please see Figure 62 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a filtering antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The filtering antenna further includes:

[0128] Metal reflector 3 is located on the side of balun feed structure 2 away from low-frequency radiation structure 1; metal reflector 3 is fixedly connected to the other end of support structure 21.

[0129] The metal reflector 3 is either a flat metal reflector 3 or a U-shaped metal reflector 3.

[0130] Please continue reading Figure 62 The filter antenna also includes an antenna cover 4 and a metal reflector 3.

[0131] Please see Figure 63 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another common-aperture antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 63 In the filtered antenna, the metal reflector 3 is a planar metal reflector 3. Figure 63 The corresponding common-aperture antenna array is denoted as Model 7.

[0132] Please see Figure 64 A simulation comparison diagram of mutual isolation between high-frequency and low-frequency antennas provided for another embodiment of this utility model. From Figure 64As can be seen, compared with Model 2, which does not add a filter structure to the low-frequency antenna vibrator, the mutual isolation between the high-frequency and low-frequency antennas in Model 7 is greatly improved, from -14 to -20dB to -15 to -30dB, which almost coincides with the mutual isolation curve of Model 2.

[0133] Please see Figures 65-70 A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation pattern of a high-frequency antenna at different frequencies, provided for an embodiment of this utility model. From Figures 65-70 As can be seen, at most frequency points, the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 7 is similar to that of Model 1 without an antenna, while the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 2 without a filter structure on the antenna differs significantly from that of Model 1 without an antenna. However, compared with Model 2 (in Model 2, the metal reflector 3 is a U-shaped metal reflector), the peak gain of the high-frequency radiation pattern of Model 7 is slightly lower.

[0134] Therefore, using a planar metal reflector 3 will hardly affect the antenna's filtering performance, but it will cause a certain degree of reduction in the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna.

[0135] In the embodiments provided by this utility model, by setting the metal reflector 3 in the filter antenna as a U-shaped metal reflector 3, the radiation performance can be effectively improved.

[0136] Based on the same utility model concept, please refer to Figure 71 This utility model provides a schematic diagram of a common aperture antenna array, which includes:

[0137] The filter antenna 100 is as shown above;

[0138] Multiple antennas 200 are distributed around the filter antenna 100, and the height h1 of the antenna 200 is less than the height h2 of the filter antenna 100; wherein the frequency of the filter antenna 100 is less than the frequency of the antenna 200.

[0139] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model embodiment provides a base station, including the common aperture antenna array as described above.

[0140] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0141] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A filter antenna, characterized in that, include: A radiating structure, the radiating structure comprising a radiating substrate, at least one electric dipole, and multiple open-circuit stubs; The electric dipole includes two annular radiating arms that are centrally symmetrical about the radiating substrate; The annular radiating arm is connected to at least one open-circuit stub and is on the same plane; the open-circuit stub serves as a filtering structure.

2. The filter antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The annular radial arm is quadrilateral in shape; Each side of the annular radial arm connects to at least one of the open-circuit stubs.

3. The filter antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Two open-ended branches with opposite opening directions are provided on the same side of the annular radial arm.

4. The filter antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In the annular radiating arm, each side near the center of the radiating substrate is provided with an open branch whose opening direction is opposite to the center of the radiating substrate; Each side of the annular radiating arm, away from the center of the radiating substrate, is provided with two open branches with opposite openings.

5. The filter antenna as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The shape of the open branch is L-shaped, and the turning angle of the L-shaped open branch is a right angle or an arc-shaped turning angle.

6. The filter antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The radiating structure further includes: A coupling stub corresponds to at least one of the open-circuit stubs and is located on a different surface of the radiating substrate, wherein the coupling stub and the corresponding open-circuit stub overlap in their orthographic projections onto the radiating substrate.

7. The filter antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The coupling stub corresponds to one of the open stubs, and the coupling stub and the corresponding open stub coincide in the orthographic projection of the radiating substrate.

8. The filter antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The coupling stub is an open loop; The open ring corresponds to two adjacent open stubs connected to the same side of the annular radial arm; and the opening of the open ring coincides with the gap between the two open stubs.

9. The filter antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The filtered antenna also includes: A balun feed structure is located on one side of the radiating structure; the balun feed structure includes a support structure and a pair of feed lines corresponding to the electric dipole disposed on the support structure. One end of the support structure is fixedly connected to the radiating substrate; The feeder pair includes a first feeder wire and a second feeder wire; The two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate, and the first feed line and the second feed line are directly connected to and coupled to the two annular radiating arms, respectively. Alternatively, the two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on the side of the radiating substrate away from the balun feed structure, and the first feed line and the second feed line are directly connected to the two annular radiating arms respectively.

10. The filter antenna as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The two annular radiating arms of the electric dipole are located on different surfaces of the radiating substrate, and the radiating structure further includes: A power feeding coupling structure is located on the side of the radiating substrate away from the coupled annular radiating arm of the two annular radiating arms, and the power feeding coupling structure overlaps with the coupled annular radiating arm. The power feeding coupling structure is connected to the second power feeding line.

11. The filter antenna as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The filtered antenna also includes: A metal reflector is located on the side of the balun-fed structure away from the radiating structure; the metal reflector is fixedly connected to the other end of the supporting structure; The metal reflector is either a flat metal reflector or a U-shaped metal reflector.

12. A common-aperture antenna array, characterized in that, include: The filter antenna as described in any one of claims 1-11; Multiple antennas are distributed around the filter antenna, and the height of the antennas is less than the height of the filter antenna; wherein the frequency of the filter antenna is less than the frequency of the antenna.

13. A base station, characterized in that, Including the common aperture antenna array as described in claim 12.

Images