Multi-path battery parallel equalization system

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-path battery parallel equalization system, which comprises at least two branches, each branch comprises at least one battery cluster, a circuit breaker, a converter and a fuse are arranged on each branch, and the multi-path battery parallel equalization system further comprises a programmable controller. And the programmable controller is connected with all the battery clusters, the circuit breakers, the converters and the fuses on each branch through communication control cables. Voltage between different branch battery clusters is balanced through the converter, circulation loss is avoided, the utilization efficiency of the battery clusters is improved, and the service life is prolonged. The programmable controller is connected with any one battery cluster, the circuit breaker, the converter and the fuse, accurate control over the multi-path battery parallel equalization system can be achieved, circuits can be effectively protected through the arrangement of the circuit breaker, the converter and the fuse, and the multi-path battery parallel equalization system is more flexible and controllable in battery energy storage application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery balancing technology, and in particular to a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, battery energy storage technology is also developing towards large capacity, large current and high voltage. Because the characteristics of batteries are that the voltage of a single cell is relatively low and the charging and discharging current is limited, multiple cells are usually used in series to achieve a relatively high voltage, and multiple cells are used in parallel to achieve large current charging and discharging and large capacity energy storage.

[0003] The series and parallel connection of battery cells places high demands on individual cells. If cell balance cannot be achieved during series and parallel connections, it will affect the battery's discharge capacity and energy storage capacity, and may even lead to severe circulating current consumption. To solve the cell balance problem, passive or active balancing is generally used for individual cells. However, both methods have limited effectiveness in large-scale energy storage systems, and individual cells vary; a failure in a single cell can cause problems for the entire system. Therefore, large-scale energy storage systems typically use cells in series first, then in parallel, to reduce the impact of individual cell failures. However, even with a series-then-parallel connection, battery clusters still face the following problems when directly connected in parallel:

[0004] 1. Imbalance between battery clusters can lead to circulating currents when used in parallel, resulting in a decrease in battery energy storage capacity and battery life;

[0005] 2. When battery clusters are used in parallel, it is difficult to detect faults in some clusters, so they are often overlooked. Even if a fault is detected in a battery cluster, it is also troublesome to locate which cluster the fault occurred in. Many more detection and monitoring procedures are required to monitor it, which greatly increases the cost and difficulty. In addition, the new functions and components added between battery clusters will also increase the overall failure probability.

[0006] 3. When replacing battery packs, the voltage of the new battery pack needs to be balanced with the voltage of the old battery pack; otherwise, circulating current consumption or component burnout will occur.

[0007] 4. The health of new and old battery clusters is different. When used in parallel, the energy storage capacity of the new battery clusters is not properly utilized. The requirements for mixing new and old batteries are high.

[0008] 5. The fixed battery voltage platform limits the battery's applicable range to some extent;

[0009] These are all problems that exist when battery clusters are directly connected in parallel, and therefore, how to balance multiple batteries in parallel is an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0010] Given the current difficulties in balancing battery clusters directly connected in parallel in battery energy storage applications, which poses potential risks, this utility model patent provides a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this utility model adopt the following technical solutions:

[0012] A multi-channel battery parallel balancing system includes at least two branches, each branch including at least one battery cluster, and each branch is also equipped with a circuit breaker, a converter and a fuse. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system also includes a programmable controller, which is connected to all battery clusters, circuit breakers, converters and fuses on each branch via a communication control cable.

[0013] According to one aspect of the present invention, when the battery cluster is discharging, the power output terminal of the battery cluster is connected to the input terminal of the circuit breaker via a power cable.

[0014] According to one aspect of the present invention, when the battery cluster is discharging, the output terminal of the circuit breaker is connected to the input terminal of the converter via a power cable.

[0015] According to one aspect of this utility model, when the battery cluster is discharging, the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the fuse via a power cable.

[0016] According to one aspect of this utility model, the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system further includes a human-machine interface and a power supply module.

[0017] According to one aspect of this utility model, the power supply module is connected to an external control power supply via a power supply line.

[0018] According to one aspect of this utility model, the power supply module supplies power to the programmable controller and the human-machine interface via a power cable.

[0019] According to one aspect of this utility model, the human-machine interface is connected to a programmable controller via a communication cable.

[0020] According to one aspect of the present invention, the fuse is disposed at the end of each branch circuit, and the fuse is connected to the peripheral equipment via a busbar.

[0021] According to one aspect of this utility model, the peripheral device includes a charging device and a discharging device.

[0022] Advantages of this invention: This invention provides a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system, which includes at least two branches, each branch containing at least one battery cluster. Each branch is also equipped with a circuit breaker, a converter, and a fuse. The system also includes a programmable logic controller (PLC), which connects to all battery clusters, circuit breakers, converters, and fuses on each branch via communication control cables. The converters balance the voltage between battery clusters in different branches, avoiding circulating current losses, improving battery cluster utilization efficiency, and extending service life. The PLC, connected to any battery cluster, circuit breaker, converter, and fuse, allows for precise control of the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system. The circuit breakers, converters, and fuses effectively protect the circuit; even if a single battery cluster malfunctions, it will not affect the normal operation of other battery clusters. Furthermore, it allows for the disconnection or connection of single or several battery clusters without affecting other battery clusters in the system, making the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system more flexible and controllable in battery energy storage applications. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to the present invention.

[0025] The names corresponding to the serial numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0026] 1. Battery cluster; 2. Power cable; 3. Circuit breaker; 4. Converter; 5. Fuse; 6. Programmable controller; 7. Human-machine interface; 8. Power supply module; 9. Communication and control cable; 10. Busbar; 11. Power supply line; 12. Power cable; 13. Communication cable; 14. Peripheral equipment; 15. Control power supply. Detailed Implementation

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system includes at least two branches. Figure 1 The paper presents four branches, each containing at least one battery cluster 1. The branches are connected in parallel, meaning all battery clusters 1 are connected in parallel. Through the parallel battery clusters 1, large-capacity, high-current, and high-voltage battery energy storage applications are achieved.

[0032] Each branch line is equipped with a battery cluster 1, a circuit breaker 3, a converter 4, and a fuse 5, from left to right.

[0033] In practical applications, the number of battery clusters 1 can be set according to the system capacity, which facilitates the control of the overall capacity, current and voltage of the multi-battery parallel balancing system.

[0034] The power output terminal of battery cluster 1 is connected to the input terminal of circuit breaker 3 via power cable 2. The output terminal of circuit breaker 3 is connected to the input terminal of converter 4 via power cable 2. The output terminal of converter 4 is connected to the input terminal of fuse 5 via power cable 2. Fuse 5 is located at the end of each branch. Fuse 5 is connected to peripheral device 14 via busbar 10. That is, when battery cluster 1 discharges, the current flows from battery cluster 1 to fuse 5 and then to the connected peripheral device 14.

[0035] The converter 4 is located between the fuse 5 and the circuit breaker 3 to control the working state of the battery cluster 1 in its branch. During operation, it can better utilize the performance of the battery cluster 1, better match the ideal operating state of the battery cluster 1, and effectively improve the service life of the battery cluster 1.

[0036] Specifically, converter 4 eliminates the problem of inconsistent voltage in battery clusters 1 in different branches by controlling the input and output voltage and current. Converter 4 can also make the multi-battery parallel balancing system applicable to platforms with different voltage levels by setting the output voltage. Converter 4 also has overvoltage, overcurrent, short circuit, and leakage protection functions, making the system more stable and reliable.

[0037] The circuit breaker 3 and the fuse 5 are designed to prevent the restart current generated when the battery cluster 1 is switched in and out from affecting the components or other battery clusters 1.

[0038] The peripheral equipment 14 includes a charging device and a discharging device. The charging device charges the battery cluster 1, and the discharging device converts the electrical energy of the battery cluster 1 into other forms of energy. Specifically, since there are multiple branches connected, the charging or discharging device selected during charging or discharging should be adjusted according to the number of battery clusters 1.

[0039] It should be noted that the above input and output terminals are relative definitions for each connected device when the battery cluster 1 is discharging. That is, when the battery cluster 1 is discharging, the power output terminal of the battery cluster 1 is connected to the input terminal of the circuit breaker 3 through the power cable 2, the output terminal of the circuit breaker 3 is connected to the input terminal of the converter 4 through the power cable 2, the output terminal of the converter 4 is connected to the input terminal of the fuse 5 through the power cable 2, and the output terminal of the fuse 5 is connected to the peripheral device 14 through the busbar 10.

[0040] If the battery cluster 1 is being charged, the relevant input and output terminals are in reverse order. That is, when charging, the charging device is connected to the fuse 5. The original output terminal of the fuse 5 is now used as the input terminal, and the original input terminal of the fuse 5 is now used as the output terminal. The input and output of other devices change in reverse order. The current of the entire branch is in reverse order compared to the discharge current, thereby realizing the charging of the battery cluster 1.

[0041] The multi-battery parallel balancing system also includes a programmable controller 6. The programmable controller 6 is connected to all battery clusters 1, circuit breakers 3, converters 4 and fuses 5 on each branch via communication control cables 9. The programmable controller 6 detects the operating status of battery clusters 1, circuit breakers 3, converters 4 and fuses 5, and can control the discharge operation of battery clusters 1, control the operation of converters 4 and adjust the operating parameters of converters 4 by setting programs, so as to realize the balanced charging and discharging of the multi-battery parallel balancing system during operation.

[0042] During charging and discharging, the programmable controller 6 can also individually control all the converters 4 in the multi-battery parallel balancing system, thereby balancing the differences between the battery clusters 1 through the converters 4, reducing or even avoiding circulating current losses, and improving energy utilization.

[0043] In practical applications, the programmable controller 6 independently controls and monitors devices such as battery cluster 1, circuit breaker 3, converter 4, and fuse 5. It can switch in or out at any time. When battery cluster 1 fails, it can prevent the fault from spreading and affecting the operation of the entire system. It can also switch out the faulty battery cluster 1 for replacement and repair, thereby improving the overall stability of the system operation.

[0044] The multi-battery parallel balancing system also includes a human-machine interface 7 and a power supply module 8. The power supply module 8 is connected to an external control power supply 15 through a power supply line 11. The power supply module 8 supplies power to the programmable controller 6 and the human-machine interface 7 through a power cable 12. The power supply module 8 converts the control power supply 15 into a voltage that can be used by the programmable controller 6 and the human-machine interface 7.

[0045] The human-machine interface 7 is connected to the programmable controller 6 via the communication cable 13 to realize data exchange between the human-machine interface 7 and the programmable controller 6. The human-machine interface 7 displays the operating status of each branch and each device in the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system. The human-machine interface 7 also realizes the operation and parameter setting of the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system. Specifically, the human-machine interface 7 sends instructions to the programmable controller 6. The programmable controller 6 processes the sent instructions and controls each branch and each device in the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system through the communication control cable 9.

[0046] Advantages of this utility model: This utility model provides a multi-channel battery parallel balancing system, which includes at least two branches, each branch including at least one battery cluster 1, and each branch is also equipped with a circuit breaker 3, a converter 4 and a fuse 5. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system also includes a programmable controller 6, which is connected to all battery clusters 1, circuit breakers 3, converters 4 and fuses 5 on each branch through a communication control cable 9. The voltage between different battery clusters 1 in the branch circuit is balanced by the inverter 4 to avoid circulating current loss, improve the utilization efficiency of battery cluster 1, and extend its service life. The programmable controller 6 is connected to any battery cluster 1, circuit breaker 3, inverter 4 and fuse 5, which can achieve precise control of the multi-battery parallel balancing system. The circuit breaker 3, inverter 4 and fuse 5 can effectively protect the circuit. Even if a single battery cluster 1 has a problem, it will not affect the normal operation of other battery clusters 1. Furthermore, it can disconnect or connect a single cluster or several battery clusters 1 without affecting other battery clusters 1 in the whole system, making the multi-battery parallel balancing system more flexible and controllable in battery energy storage applications.

[0047] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-channel battery parallel balancing system, the multi-channel battery parallel balancing system comprising at least two branches, each branch comprising at least one battery cluster (1), characterized in that, The branch is also equipped with a circuit breaker (3), a converter (4) and a fuse (5). The multi-battery parallel balancing system also includes a programmable controller (6). The programmable controller (6) is connected to all the battery clusters (1), circuit breakers (3), converters (4) and fuses (5) on each branch via a communication control cable (9).

2. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery cluster (1) is discharging, the power output terminal of the battery cluster (1) is connected to the input terminal of the circuit breaker (3) via a power cable (2).

3. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery cluster (1) is discharging, the output terminal of the circuit breaker (3) is connected to the input terminal of the converter (4) via the power cable (2).

4. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the battery cluster (1) is discharging, the output terminal of the inverter (4) is connected to the input terminal of the fuse (5) via the power cable (2).

5. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-battery parallel balancing system also includes a human-machine interface (7) and a power supply module (8).

6. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply module (8) is connected to an external control power supply (15) via a power supply line (11).

7. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply module (8) supplies power to the programmable controller (6) and the human-machine interface (7) via a power cable (12).

8. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The human-machine interface (7) is connected to the programmable controller (6) via a communication cable (13).

9. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuse (5) is located at the end of each branch and is connected to the peripheral equipment (14) via the busbar (10).

10. The multi-channel battery parallel balancing system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The peripheral equipment (14) includes charging equipment and discharging equipment.

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