Battery energy storage box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery energy storage box, which belongs to the technical field of battery energy storage and is characterized in that a fire fighting system is arranged in a box body of the energy storage box and comprises a fire fighting controller, a multi-stage fire detection unit, a multiple fire extinguishing unit, a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus module, an RS485 serial communication module and a linkage alarm module; according to the scheme, the CAN bus protocol and the RS485 communication protocol provide an efficient data transmission basis for the multi-stage fire detection units and the multiple fire extinguishing units, and the fire detection units and the fire extinguishing units are arranged to be various, so that on one hand, the sensitivity of the fire extinguishing system is improved, early warning is realized, on the other hand, the flexibility and the pertinence of a fire extinguishing mode are improved, and the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved. The fire extinguishing reliability and timeliness are improved; the technical defects existing in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of battery energy storage technology, and in particular relates to a battery energy storage box. Background Technology

[0002] The fire suppression system of a battery energy storage box is a crucial component for ensuring battery safety and preventing fires. Existing energy storage devices are typically equipped with conventional fire suppression equipment to extinguish fires inside the box. This conventional equipment uses smoke detectors, temperature sensors, and gas detectors to monitor the state inside the box in real time and, when necessary, uses extinguishing agents such as carbon dioxide or perfluorohexanone to extinguish fires by isolating oxygen. While this conventional fire suppression equipment can meet basic fire suppression needs, it still has shortcomings: First, its detection sensitivity is low, making early warning impossible; second, its fire suppression methods are limited, failing to provide targeted fire suppression. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a battery energy storage box equipped with a fire protection system to address the technical shortcomings of traditional fire protection equipment in existing energy storage boxes.

[0004] This application provides a battery energy storage box, including a box body, which houses an energy storage battery and a fire protection system. The fire protection system includes a fire controller, a multi-level fire detection unit, a multi-level fire extinguishing unit, a CAN bus module, an RS485 serial communication module, and a linkage alarm module. The fire controller includes a CAN bus protocol interface and an RS485 serial protocol interface. The multi-level fire detection unit is connected to the CAN bus protocol interface of the fire controller via the CAN bus, and the multi-level fire extinguishing unit is connected to the RS485 serial protocol interface of the fire controller via the RS485 serial communication module.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this application: the multi-fire extinguishing unit includes a fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and a cooling spray pipeline. The fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline includes a main pipeline and branch pipelines connected to the main pipeline via control valve A. The main pipeline is installed on the top of the housing and connected to the fire extinguisher. The branch pipeline includes multiple branch pipelines, each extending to a corresponding position of the battery pack, and each branch pipeline is equipped with a nozzle. The cooling spray pipeline includes at least a horizontal main pipeline, which is installed near the top of the housing and connected to the coolant network pipeline via control valve B. Multiple high-pressure fine mist nozzles are arranged on the horizontal main pipeline.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the main pipeline of the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and the horizontal main pipeline of the cooling spray pipeline are respectively laid along the length of the box body, wherein the diameter of the horizontal main pipeline is larger than the diameter of the main pipeline.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the cooling spray pipeline further includes multiple branch pipes, which are connected to the horizontal main pipe and extend to a position near the bottom of the housing.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this application: the multi-level fire detection unit comprises at least three levels, wherein the primary fire detection unit is a two-in-one composite detector, which is installed in the battery pack of the energy storage battery and integrates the dual acquisition of temperature and carbon monoxide signals; the secondary fire detection unit is deployed on the battery rack of the energy storage battery and includes a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor; the advanced fire detection unit is deployed at the top of the enclosure and includes a five-in-one composite fire detector and an infrared sensor.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this application: the five-in-one composite fire detector integrates multiple acquisitions of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, VOC gas, smoke and heat signals, and the five-in-one composite fire detector comprises multiple sets, each corresponding to the position of multiple battery clusters of the energy storage battery.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the multiple fire extinguishing unit further includes a DN65 fire extinguishing interface, which is located near the bottom of the enclosure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the linkage alarm module includes a display and an alarm device.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has significant advantages:

[0013] The energy storage box is equipped with a fire protection system, which includes a fire controller, multi-level fire detection units, multiple fire extinguishing units, a CAN bus module, an RS485 serial communication module, and a linkage alarm module. The CAN bus features strong anti-interference and real-time performance, ensuring the stability and accuracy of data transmission from the multi-level fire detection units to the fire controller. The RS485 communication protocol offers low cost and long transmission distance, enabling the multiple fire extinguishing units to activate sequentially or simultaneously, ensuring timely and reliable fire suppression. Furthermore, the combined use of multi-level fire detection units and multiple fire extinguishing units enhances the sensitivity of fire status monitoring within the box and provides flexible fire suppression methods, activating appropriate units based on the fire severity. Therefore, this solution provides an efficient data transmission foundation for the multi-level fire detection units and multiple fire extinguishing units using the CAN bus and RS485 communication protocols. The multiple configurations of fire detection and extinguishing units improve the sensitivity of the fire protection system, enabling early warning, and increase the flexibility and targeting of fire suppression methods, thereby improving the reliability and timeliness of fire suppression. This addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The control principle diagram of the fire protection system provided by this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery energy storage box provided by this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-fire extinguishing unit provided by this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the battery energy storage box provided by this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 Provided by this utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the AA direction.

[0019] Figure 6 A top view of the DN65 fire-fighting interface provided by this utility model for connecting to an external fire truck.

[0020] Figure Labels

[0021] 100 is the enclosure; 101 is the energy storage battery; 1011 is the battery rack; 102 is the fire protection system; 1021 is the main pipeline; 1022 is control valve A; 1023 is the branch pipeline; 1024 is the sprinkler head; 1025 is the fire extinguisher; 1026 is the horizontal main pipeline; 1027 is the high-pressure fine mist nozzle; 1028 is the branch pipe; 1029 is the DN65 fire interface; 1031 is the temperature sensor; 1032 is the smoke sensor; 1033 is the five-in-one composite fire detector; 1034 is the infrared sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0023] This embodiment provides a battery energy storage box, including a box body 100. The box body 100 houses an energy storage battery 101 and a fire protection system 102. The fire protection system 102 includes a fire controller, a multi-level fire detection unit, multiple fire extinguishing units, a CAN bus module, an RS485 serial communication module, and a linkage alarm module. The fire controller includes a CAN bus protocol interface and an RS485 serial protocol interface. The multi-level fire detection unit is connected to the CAN bus protocol interface of the fire controller via the CAN bus, and the multiple fire extinguishing units are connected to the RS485 serial protocol interface of the fire controller via the RS485 serial communication module. In use, the fire controller generates corresponding execution commands and alarm commands based on the sensing information obtained by the multi-level fire detection unit, and controls the start and stop of the multiple fire extinguishing units and the linkage alarm module through these execution commands and alarm commands, thereby implementing fire extinguishing operations. Figure 1 As shown; in this embodiment, the linkage alarm module includes a display and an alarm device.

[0024] This embodiment utilizes the high anti-interference and real-time performance of the CAN bus, as well as the low cost and long transmission distance of the RS485 communication protocol, to provide efficient and secure data transmission conditions for multi-level fire detection units and multiple fire extinguishing units. Furthermore, the fire detection units and fire extinguishing units adopt a multi-dimensional design, which on the one hand improves the sensitivity of the fire protection system 102 and enables early warning, and on the other hand increases the flexibility and targeting of fire extinguishing methods, thereby improving the reliability and timeliness of fire extinguishing; thus solving the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0025] like Figure 2-3The diagram shows the multi-fire extinguishing unit and its installation structure within the housing 100 provided in this embodiment. As can be seen, the housing 100 contains an electrical compartment and a battery compartment. The multi-fire extinguishing unit is located in the battery compartment to enable rapid fire extinguishing of the energy storage battery 101 within the battery compartment. The multi-fire extinguishing unit includes an extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and a cooling spray pipeline. As the name suggests, the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline is used to deliver extinguishing agent into the housing 100 to achieve fire extinguishing. This extinguishing agent delivery pipeline includes a main pipeline 1021 and a branch pipeline 1023 connected to the main pipeline 1021 via a control valve A1022. The main pipeline 1021 is connected to... The connector is mounted on top of the housing 100 and connected to the fire extinguisher 1025. The fire extinguisher 1025 is a traditional perfluorohexanone gas fire extinguisher 1025 installed inside the energy storage box. It is understood that, to improve extinguishing efficiency, the main pipeline 1021 may include multiple main pipelines. In this embodiment, the multiple main pipelines 1021 preferably form a U-shaped connecting pipe. Multiple branch pipelines 1023 are included, and these branch pipelines 1023 are vertically arranged and extend to corresponding positions in the battery pack. Each branch pipeline 1023 is equipped with a nozzle 1024 capable of spraying extinguishing agent onto the battery pack. It is understood that the nozzle 1024 should be directed towards the battery. The system includes a package to ensure precise and effective spraying of the extinguishing agent; and a cooling spray pipeline to deliver coolant into the housing 100 for cooling and fire extinguishing. This cooling spray pipeline includes a horizontal main pipe 1026, which is installed near the top of the housing 100 and connected to the coolant network via a control valve B. The horizontal main pipe 1026 is equipped with multiple downward-facing high-pressure fine mist nozzles 1027. These nozzles spray coolant into the housing 100 in the form of mist particles. These mist particles evaporate rapidly, absorbing a large amount of heat, thereby reducing the ambient temperature and achieving the purpose of cooling and fire extinguishing. This design prevents thermal runaway and is particularly suitable for suppressing fires in their early stages. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cooling spray pipeline can be used independently in the early stages of a fire, and when the fire is large, it can be used in conjunction with the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline. The choice can be flexibly made based on the fire status inside the housing 100 obtained by the multi-level fire detection unit. In this embodiment, the coolant network pipeline is preferably located outside the housing 100. The coolant used can be water, a chemical coolant (such as a mixture of ethylene glycol and water), or an inert gas, selected according to actual needs. It is understood that the number of horizontal main pipes 1026 can be selected according to actual conditions; in this embodiment, one is preferred.

[0026] The main pipeline 1021 for extinguishing agent delivery and the horizontal main pipeline 1026 for cooling spray are laid along the length of the housing 100. The diameter of the horizontal main pipeline 1026 is larger than that of the main pipeline 1021. This facilitates the laying of each pipeline at the top of the housing 100, saving pipeline space, and ensures that one horizontal main pipeline 1026 can provide the required amount of coolant into the housing 100, ensuring the timeliness and reliability of fire extinguishing.

[0027] The cooling spray pipeline also includes multiple branch pipes 1028. In this embodiment, two branch pipes are preferably included, and these two branch pipes are located in the middle of the housing 100. The two branch pipes 1028 are connected to the horizontal main pipe 1026 and extend to the bottom of the housing 100. The branch pipes 1028 are used to quickly deliver coolant to the bottom of the housing 100 to form a cooling barrier, prevent heat from spreading upward, protect other parts of the energy storage tank, especially electrical components, and reduce the possibility of fire spread.

[0028] Control valve A1022 and control valve B are preferably both solenoid valves, which are connected to the fire controller. The fire controller controls control valve A1022 or control valve B to open the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline or cooling spray pipeline, thereby enabling the selection of different fire extinguishing methods, improving fire extinguishing efficiency and reducing fire extinguishing costs.

[0029] The multi-level fire detection unit comprises at least three levels. The primary fire detection unit is a two-in-one composite detector installed in the battery pack of the energy storage battery 101. This two-in-one composite detector combines the acquisition of both temperature and carbon monoxide signals. Using this primary fire detection unit, the status of a single battery pack can be monitored in a timely manner, that is, the initial stage of a fire within the enclosure 100 can be monitored, thus achieving early warning. The secondary fire detection unit is deployed on the battery rack 1011 of the energy storage battery 101. It includes a temperature sensor 1031 and a smoke sensor 1032. This secondary fire detection unit is used to detect the fire status of each battery cluster within the enclosure 100. If the initial fire is not effectively controlled, it will be effectively monitored when it enters the middle stage. The advanced fire detection unit is deployed at the top of the enclosure 100. It includes a five-in-one composite fire detector 1033 and an infrared sensor 1034. This advanced fire detection unit is used to monitor the fire status of the entire enclosure 100.

[0030] Understandably, the monitoring parameter thresholds of the same type of sensors in the primary fire detection unit, secondary fire detection unit, and advanced fire detection unit increase sequentially according to the detection unit level. That is, the monitoring parameter thresholds of the primary unit are the lowest, and the monitoring parameter thresholds of the advanced unit are the highest. If necessary, the detection sensitivity values ​​of the same sensor in the same fire detection unit can be set to multiple levels. This facilitates the real-time status of the fire within the enclosure 100 and allows for the targeted and flexible activation of corresponding multiple fire extinguishing units, improving fire extinguishing efficiency while reducing fire extinguishing costs.

[0031] The five-in-one composite fire detector 1033 integrates multiple signals from hydrogen, carbon monoxide, VOCs, smoke, and heat. This five-in-one composite fire detector 1033 comprises multiple sets, each corresponding to a different battery cluster within the energy storage battery 101. This facilitates locating the fire within the enclosure 100 based on the alarm point. Figure 3-5 As shown, a schematic diagram of the layout mechanism of the secondary fire detection unit and the advanced fire detection unit in the enclosure 100 is provided. The advanced fire detector can be directly fixed to the top of the enclosure 100 or fixed to the pipeline of the multiple fire extinguishing unit, depending on the actual needs.

[0032] The multi-fire suppression unit also includes a DN65 fire extinguishing interface 1029, which is located near the bottom of the enclosure 100. Specifically, one DN65 fire extinguishing interface 1029 is reserved at the bottom diagonal of each side door of the enclosure 100. This DN65 fire extinguishing interface 1029 allows connection to external fire suppression equipment, such as... Figure 6 As shown, after the water or extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing equipment enters the housing 100 through the DN65 fire extinguishing interface 1029, it can gradually spread upwards from the bottom of the housing 100, eventually submerging the burning energy storage battery 101 or other components, thereby cooling and isolating the burning components to ensure the fire extinguishing effect. It can be understood that the DN65 fire extinguishing interface 1029 should be activated when the fire inside the housing 100 is large, and should be used simultaneously with the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and the cooling spray pipeline. Of course, it can also be activated after the extinguishing agent or coolant has been exhausted.

[0033] The following provides a specific usage strategy to illustrate the fire protection system 102 in this embodiment. It should be understood that the following is a preferred implementation method of this embodiment and is not intended to limit the specific use of the fire protection system 102:

[0034] Primary detection: When the threshold of the dual-in-one composite detector inside the battery pack reaches the Level 1 warning value (CO concentration ≥ 200 ppm), the detector increases the sampling frequency, and the warning signal is not overridden. When the threshold of the dual-in-one composite detector inside the battery pack reaches the Level 2 warning value (CO concentration ≥ 800 ppm or temperature rise ≥ 30℃ / min for 10 seconds), the display emphasizes the relevant parameters exceeding the standard, the fire controller triggers the alarm, and outputs a Level 2 warning signal to provide a fire alarm notification. When the dual-in-one composite detector inside the battery pack reaches the Level 3 thermal runaway alarm signal (CO concentration ≥ 1500 ppm and (temperature ≥ 65℃ or temperature rise > 1℃ / s for 10 seconds)), the alarm sounds, and the display emphasizes the relevant parameters exceeding the standard. Simultaneously, the fire controller activates the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and the cooling spray pipeline via linkage control valve A1022 or control valve B. The specific activation depends on the type of coolant. When the coolant is water, the extinguisher 1025 delivery pipeline is activated (to avoid water affecting the performance of the energy storage battery 101). When the coolant is an inert gas, the cooling spray pipeline can be activated. This implementation uses a pneumatic extinguishing agent delivery pipeline as an example. Based on the alarm zone, the corresponding solenoid valve A is opened, and perfluorohexanone is sprayed into the thermal runaway battery pack to extinguish the fire. Multiple sprays are performed. Understandably, while spraying the extinguishing agent, the fire controller can also activate the venting indicator light to promptly notify relevant personnel and transmit the level 3 alarm signal.

[0035] Secondary detection: When the primary fire detection unit fails to achieve the fire extinguishing purpose in time, the secondary fire detection unit will be triggered. At this time, the opening area of ​​solenoid valve A can be increased to spray gas extinguishing agent until the fire is extinguished.

[0036] Advanced Detection: If both current levels are for fire control, the advanced fire detection unit is triggered. If the threshold of any one of the five-in-one composite detectors corresponding to each battery cluster reaches the first-level warning value (hydrogen concentration > 200 ppm or CO concentration > 190 ppm), the sensor increases the sampling frequency to monitor the concentration changes in the detector in real time, and the warning signal is not reported externally. If the thresholds of both five-in-one composite detectors corresponding to each battery cluster reach the second-level warning value (smoke alarm and CO concentration > 600 ppm), the alarm is triggered, the display shows the relevant parameters exceeding the standard, and the controller activates the audible and visual alarm, smoke exhaust fan, and electric louvers to remind staff to pay attention to the situation in the protected area. At the same time, the warning signal is transmitted (dry contact form or RS485 passive reading). If two or more five-in-one composite detectors reach the third-level thermal runaway alarm signal (CO concentration ≥ 1200 ppm and smoke alarm and (temperature ≥ 75℃ or VOC > 1500 ppm or hydrogen > 1500 ppm), the alarm is triggered. When the temperature reaches 0.00 ppm, the infrared sensor 1034 is triggered by thermal radiation, the alarm sounds, the display shows the relevant parameters exceeding the standard, the controller links with the BMS to perform relevant operations, shuts down the smoke exhaust fan and electric louvers, and the fire controller simultaneously starts all control valves A1022 and control valve B, that is, simultaneously starts the extinguishing agent extinguishing program and the coolant cooling extinguishing program to carry out total flooding of the entire compartment, so as to quickly achieve the purpose of extinguishing the fire and cooling the entire compartment; when the remaining amount of extinguishing agent and coolant reaches the lower limit and the fire is still not effectively controlled, the DN65 fire interface 1029 is activated, and the external fire equipment (fire truck) is manually connected to the DN65 fire interface 1029. The water or extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing equipment enters the box 100 through the DN65 fire interface 1029 and can gradually spread upward from the bottom of the box 100, eventually flooding the energy storage battery 101 or other components that are on fire, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and isolating the burning components and extinguishing the fire.

[0037] The embodiments of this utility model, including commonly known structures and characteristics, are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements without departing from this utility model, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of the claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery energy storage box, comprising a box body, wherein the box body houses an energy storage battery and a fire suppression system, characterized in that: The fire protection system includes a fire controller, a multi-level fire detection unit, a multi-level fire extinguishing unit, a CAN bus module, an RS485 serial communication module, and a linkage alarm module. The fire controller includes a CAN bus protocol interface and an RS485 serial protocol interface. The multi-level fire detection unit is connected to the CAN bus protocol interface of the fire controller via the CAN bus, and the multi-level fire extinguishing unit is connected to the RS485 serial protocol interface of the fire controller via the RS485 serial communication module.

2. The battery energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage fire extinguishing unit includes a fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and a cooling spray pipeline. The fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline includes a main pipeline and branch pipelines connected to the main pipeline via control valve A. The main pipeline is installed on the top of the housing and connected to the fire extinguisher. The branch pipeline includes multiple branch pipelines, each extending to a corresponding position in the battery pack of the energy storage battery, and each branch pipeline is equipped with a nozzle. The cooling spray pipeline includes at least a horizontal main pipeline, which is installed near the top of the housing and connected to the coolant network pipeline via control valve B. Multiple high-pressure fine mist nozzles are arranged on the horizontal main pipeline.

3. The battery energy storage box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main pipeline of the extinguishing agent delivery pipeline and the horizontal main pipeline of the cooling spray pipeline are respectively laid along the length of the box body, wherein the diameter of the horizontal main pipeline is larger than the diameter of the main pipeline.

4. The battery energy storage box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cooling spray pipeline also includes multiple branch pipes, which are connected to the horizontal main pipe and extend to a position near the bottom of the housing.

5. The battery energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level fire detection unit comprises at least three levels. The primary fire detection unit is a two-in-one composite detector, which is installed in the battery pack of the energy storage battery and integrates the dual acquisition of temperature and carbon monoxide signals. The secondary fire detection unit is deployed on the battery rack of the energy storage battery and includes a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor. The advanced fire detection unit is deployed at the top of the enclosure and includes a five-in-one composite fire detector and an infrared sensor.

6. The battery energy storage box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The five-in-one composite fire detector integrates multiple acquisitions of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, VOC gas, smoke, and temperature signals. The five-in-one composite fire detector consists of multiple sets, each corresponding to the location of multiple battery clusters in the energy storage battery.

7. The battery energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple fire extinguishing unit also includes a DN65 fire extinguishing interface, which is located near the bottom of the enclosure.

8. The battery energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage alarm module includes a display and an alarm device.

Images