Battery pack protection plate, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack protection plate, a battery pack and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack protection plate comprises a first fiber protection layer, a second fiber protection layer and a metal layer; wherein the first fiber protection layer comprises a plurality of first fibers which are arranged in an interwoven mode, and one side face of the first fiber protection layer faces the interior of the battery pack; the second fiber protection layer comprises a plurality of unidirectionally arranged second fibers and is positioned on one side, far away from the interior of the battery pack, of the first fiber protection layer; the metal layer is located on the side, away from the first fiber protection layer, of the second fiber protection layer. Through the layered design of the battery pack protection plate, the overall high strength, deformation resistance and puncture and cutting resistance of the protection plate are realized by utilizing the material performance of each layer, and the safety problem caused by the working conditions of bottom impact and collision of a power battery in the driving process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack protective plate, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the deepening of environmental protection concepts and continuous technological breakthroughs, the domestic new energy electric vehicle market has experienced explosive growth. As the domestic new energy electric vehicle market rapidly expands and develops, its safety has gradually attracted attention and research. The power battery, as the core component of a new energy electric vehicle, is closely related to vehicle safety. Once a power battery malfunctions, such as a short circuit or thermal runaway, it can easily lead to serious accidents such as vehicle fires and explosions, endangering not only the safety of passengers but also negatively impacting the reputation of the entire new energy vehicle industry.

[0003] For power batteries located in the vehicle chassis, bottom safety design is a crucial aspect of ensuring the safety of electric vehicles. The primary purpose of bottom safety design is to prevent direct impact or puncture to the bottom of the power battery during vehicle operation, avoiding safety accidents such as battery leakage, short circuits, fires, or explosions. Currently, commonly used bottom protection types for power batteries include extruded aluminum double-layer plates and stamped steel plates. Extruded aluminum double-layer plates utilize the lightweight and high-strength properties of aluminum profiles, and the double-layer structure can disperse impact forces; stamped steel plates are manufactured through a stamping process, resulting in relatively low cost, and both provide a certain degree of protection for the power battery. Furthermore, there are also solutions that use carbon fiber composite materials as components of the bottom protection plate to further improve strength and reduce weight.

[0004] While extruded aluminum double-layer plates and stamped steel plates offer some protection, significant shortcomings remain. Due to the inherent limitations of the materials, strong impacts can still cause deformation of the battery's cold plate channels and the bottom of the cells. In severe cases, this can lead to cold plate failure, cell rupture and leakage, potentially triggering thermal runaway and posing a significant safety hazard. Furthermore, when composite materials are used in the bottom protection plate, their conventional effectiveness is often considered without taking into account the different characteristics of the composite materials to design the performance of each layer and enable it to perform its specific functions. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model solves, to at least a certain extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, this application aims to provide a battery pack protective plate, a battery pack, and a vehicle. By using a layered design for the battery pack protective plate, the material properties of each layer are utilized to achieve high overall strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance of the protective plate, thereby solving the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision under the power battery during driving.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a battery pack protective plate for constituting the outer protective structure of a battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack. The battery pack protective plate includes:

[0008] The first fiber protective layer includes multiple interwoven first fibers, with one side of the first fiber protective layer facing the inside of the battery pack.

[0009] The second fiber protective layer includes multiple unidirectionally arranged second fibers, and the second fiber protective layer is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer away from the inside of the battery pack.

[0010] The metal layer is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer that is away from the first fiber protective layer.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the battery pack protective plate adopts a layered design, including a first fiber protective layer, a second fiber protective layer, and a metal layer stacked sequentially from the inside out. Based on the location of the first and second fiber protective layers, different fiber arrangements are designed in the first and second fiber protective layers to emphasize different performance characteristics. In conjunction with the metal layer, the overall protective plate achieves high strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance. It fully utilizes the material properties of each layer to solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision under the power battery during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that key components such as the battery cells and cold plates inside the battery pack are not damaged by external forces, avoiding problems such as cell leakage or puncture.

[0012] In some embodiments, a stone-impact-resistant coating is formed on the surface of the metal layer away from the second fiber protective layer; or, an anti-corrosion coating is formed on the surface of the metal layer, and a stone-impact-resistant coating is formed on the surface of the anti-corrosion coating away from the second fiber protective layer.

[0013] In the above technical solution, forming an anti-stone impact coating on the outer surface of the battery pack can effectively prevent road debris from flying and hitting the battery pack protective plate during vehicle operation, thus solving the problem of small stone impact; when forming an anti-corrosion coating on the metal layer surface, it can also prevent the anti-corrosion coating from being damaged.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first fiber is aramid fiber; the second fiber is carbon fiber or glass fiber.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the reinforcement in the first fiber protective layer is made of aramid fiber. The molecular chains of aramid fiber have strong symmetry and orientation, resulting in high crystallinity and tight molecular chain arrangement. When subjected to external impact, it can absorb more energy, effectively disperse stress, and prevent rapid crack propagation, thus exhibiting excellent impact toughness, improving the tear resistance of the first fiber protective layer, and preventing the bottom of the battery pack from being punctured by impact. The reinforcement in the second fiber protective layer is made of carbon fiber or glass fiber. These fibers have the characteristics of high modulus, high strength, and strong designability, and have good deformation resistance, which can provide rigid support for the battery pack protective plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first fiber protective layer includes a first group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the first fiber and a second group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the second fiber, wherein the angle between the length direction of the first fiber and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate is 45°, and the angle between the length direction of the second fiber and the length direction of the first fiber is 90°.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the fiber arrangement direction in the first fiber protective layer is defined. The first fiber protective layer uses fibers from the two directions interwoven together, which can decompose the impact force along two oblique upward directions located between the length and width directions of the battery pack protective plate, effectively buffering and dispersing the impact force, and further improving the impact resistance of the first fiber protective layer.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second fiber protective layer has an odd number of layers, including an intermediate layer in the middle and multiple sets of symmetrical layers on both sides of the intermediate layer and symmetrical with respect to the intermediate layer, wherein the fibers in each set of symmetrical layers are arranged in the same direction.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the second fiber protective layer is designed symmetrically so that the stress generated in each group of symmetrical layers can cancel each other out. This allows the multi-layer second fiber protective layer as a whole to evenly distribute stress, avoid deformation caused by uneven stress, improve warping performance, and reduce deformation as a whole, thus providing more reliable protection for the battery pack.

[0020] In some embodiments, the angle between the fiber length direction of the outermost set of symmetrical layers in the second fiber protective layer and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate is 45°.

[0021] In the above technical solution, by limiting the angle of the outer layer fiber arrangement, the outer layer fiber angle is arranged obliquely, so that the second fiber protective layer as a whole has high strength and better aesthetics on the outer surface.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second fiber protective layer comprises five layers. The angle between the fiber length direction in the middle layer and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate is 0° or 90°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers adjacent to the middle layer and the fiber length direction in the middle layer is 45°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the second set of symmetrical layers and the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers is 90°.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the second fiber protective layer consists of five layers, with the fiber arrangement directions covering various cases where the angle between the fiber and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate is 0°, 90°, 45°, or 135°. Fibers arranged at 0° or 90° extend along the length or width of the battery pack protective plate, increasing the strength of the protective plate in either direction and providing good bending resistance in both directions, thus resisting external impacts and preventing deformation. Fibers arranged at 45° or 135° extend diagonally between the length and width directions of the battery pack protective plate, increasing its strength in the diagonal direction and providing good torsional resistance. These second fiber protective layers with different fiber arrangements work together to improve the strength of the protective plate in all directions and enhance its resistance to deformation under impact.

[0024] A second aspect of this application also provides a battery pack protective plate for constituting the outer protective structure of a battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack. The battery pack protective plate includes:

[0025] The first fiber protective layer is a twill fabric, with one side of the first fiber protective layer facing the inside of the battery pack.

[0026] The second fiber protective layer is a unidirectional strip and is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer away from the inside of the battery pack.

[0027] A metal layer is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer away from the first fiber protective layer.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the battery pack protective plate adopts a layered design, including a first fiber protective layer, a second fiber protective layer, and a metal layer stacked sequentially from the inside out. The first fiber protective layer, located on the innermost side, is made of twill fabric, which has good puncture and cut resistance. The second fiber protective layer, located on the outer side, is made of unidirectional tape, which has high strength. The materials of each layer are designed according to the required functions of the corresponding positions, so that they focus on different performances. This achieves high strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance of the protective plate as a whole. It makes full use of the performance of each layer of materials to solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision under the power battery during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that the key components inside the battery pack, such as the cells and cold plates, are not damaged by external forces, and avoid problems such as cell leakage or puncture.

[0029] A third aspect of this application provides a battery pack including a battery pack protective plate as described in any one of the first and second aspects above. The battery pack protective plate constitutes an outer protective structure of the battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the battery pack adopts an improved battery pack protective plate as the outer protective structure. The battery pack protective plate adopts a layered design to give full play to the performance of each layer of materials and solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that the key components such as the battery cells and cold plates inside the battery pack are not damaged by external forces, and avoid problems such as cell leakage or puncture, so that the battery pack has high safety and reliability.

[0031] The fourth aspect of this application provides a vehicle including a frame and a battery pack as described in the third aspect above, the battery pack being disposed on the frame.

[0032] In the above technical solution, the vehicle includes a battery pack with an improved battery pack protective plate as the outer protective structure. The battery pack has strong impact resistance and deformation resistance. Even when the vehicle is hit, it can still maintain its original shape without being affected, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle during driving.

[0033] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this utility model. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the battery pack protective plate provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery pack protective plate provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber angles in the battery pack protective plate according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] In the above figures:

[0038] 100. Battery pack protective plate; 101. First fiber protective layer; 102. Second fiber protective layer; 103. Metal layer; 104. Stone chip protection coating. Detailed Implementation

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0040] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0042] In this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that in the automotive industry, with the rapid popularization and development of new energy electric vehicles in China, the safety issues of these vehicles have gradually received attention and research. As a core component of new energy electric vehicles, the safety of the power battery is directly related to vehicle safety.

[0045] For power batteries located in the vehicle chassis, bottom safety design is a crucial aspect of ensuring the safety of electric vehicles. The main purpose of bottom safety design is to prevent the bottom of the power battery from being directly impacted or punctured during vehicle operation, thus avoiding safety accidents such as battery leakage, short circuits, fires, or explosions.

[0046] The battery pack protective plate is located on the outermost side of the battery pack and is used to protect the internal components. It is a key structure for ensuring the safety of the battery pack. The protective plates commonly used at the bottom of the battery pack are double-layer plates made of extruded aluminum profiles or stamped steel plates. They provide a certain degree of protection when the bottom of the power battery is impacted. However, due to the limitations of the materials themselves, the cold plate channels and the bottom of the cells can still deform to some extent. In more serious cases, the cold plate function may fail or the cells may rupture and leak, leading to thermal runaway.

[0047] In existing technologies, solutions have emerged that utilize composite materials such as carbon fiber composites and glass fiber composites as the entirety or part of the material for protective panels. These solutions have improved the strength of the protective panels to some extent and reduced their weight. However, because the application of these solutions has not broken down the different functional focuses of each layer of the protective panel design, nor has it combined different composite materials with their characteristics for targeted design and application, the application of composite materials has remained at the conventional level and has not fully realized their maximum potential.

[0048] Based on this, this application proposes a battery pack protective plate. By analyzing the function of the protective plate that constitutes the outermost structure of the battery pack, the function of each layer is decomposed, and combined with the characteristics of different materials, a multi-layered battery pack protective plate is designed. This allows the role of composite materials in the protective plate to be fully utilized based on their respective performance and position in the protective plate, thereby improving the strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance of the battery pack protective plate. This solves the safety problem of power batteries during vehicle operation. When the battery pack is damaged, the battery pack protective plate can be replaced, reducing the after-sales maintenance cost of new energy vehicles.

[0049] In the following, embodiments of this application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] In one illustrative embodiment of the battery pack protective plate 100 provided by this utility model, the battery pack protective plate 100 is used to form the outer protective structure of the battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack; such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack protective plate 100 includes a first fiber protective layer 101, a second fiber protective layer 102, and a metal layer 103; wherein, the first fiber protective layer 101 includes multiple interwoven first fibers, and one side of the first fiber protective layer 101 faces the inside of the battery pack; the second fiber protective layer 102 includes multiple unidirectionally arranged second fibers, and the second fiber protective layer 102 is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer 101 away from the inside of the battery pack; the metal layer 103 is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer 102 away from the first fiber protective layer 101.

[0051] In the description of this application, the side of the battery pack protective plate 100 facing the inside of the battery pack is the inner side, and the side away from the inside of the battery pack is the outer side. In the above technical solution, the battery pack protective plate 100 adopts a layered design, including a first fiber protective layer 101, a second fiber protective layer 102, and a metal layer 103 stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. Based on the location of the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102, different fiber arrangements are designed in the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102 to emphasize different performances. In conjunction with the metal layer 103, the overall high strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance of the protective plate are achieved. The performance of each layer of materials is fully utilized to solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision under the power battery during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that key components such as the battery cells and cold plates inside the battery pack are not damaged by external forces, and avoid problems such as cell leakage or puncture.

[0052] The first fiber protective layer 101 includes multiple interwoven first fibers. The first fibers are interwoven in different fiber directions, and there are a small number of gaps between the fibers, so that the first fiber protective layer 101 has a certain deformation margin, which gives it good puncture and cut resistance and impact resistance. The first fiber protective layer 101 with these characteristics is used as the innermost protective layer of the battery pack protective plate 100, making it the last protective barrier of the battery pack. This prevents the protective plate from failing and puncturing the battery cell when the battery pack is subjected to a severe impact, thus preventing thermal runaway and ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0053] The second fiber protective layer 102 includes multiple unidirectionally arranged second fibers. The second fibers are arranged only in the same direction, making the fibers more tightly packed, thereby giving the second fiber protective layer 102 high strength and forming a protective net. The second fiber protective layer 102 is located inside the metal layer 103, providing a strong backing for the metal layer 103. When the vehicle is impacted during driving, it can reduce the deformation of the metal layer 103 and avoid the problem of the cold plate function failing due to the deformation of the protective plate caused by the impact.

[0054] It is understood that the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102 are fiber composite materials, comprising a reinforcement and a matrix; the reinforcement of the first fiber protective layer 101 is an interlaced first fiber, and the reinforcement of the second fiber protective layer 102 is a unidirectionally arranged second fiber; the matrix is ​​typically made of resin, which fills the spaces between the fibers to bond them together as a whole and can transfer loads. Optionally, the resin may be at least one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polypropylene resin, and nylon resin.

[0055] In another illustrative embodiment of the battery pack protective plate 100 provided by this utility model, the battery pack protective plate 100 is used to form the outer protective structure of the battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack; the battery pack protective plate 100 includes a first fiber protective layer 101, a second fiber protective layer 102, and a metal layer 103; wherein, the first fiber protective layer 101 is a twill fabric, and one side of the first fiber protective layer 101 faces the inside of the battery pack; the second fiber protective layer 102 is a unidirectional tape, and the second fiber protective layer 102 is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer 101 away from the inside of the battery pack; the metal layer 103 is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer 102 away from the first fiber protective layer 101.

[0056] In the above technical solution, the battery pack protective plate 100 adopts a layered design, including a first fiber protective layer 101, a second fiber protective layer 102, and a metal layer 103 stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first fiber protective layer 101, located on the innermost side, is made of twill fabric, which has good puncture and cut resistance. The second fiber protective layer 102, located on the outer side, is made of unidirectional tape, which has high strength. The materials of each layer are designed according to the required functions of the corresponding positions, so that they focus on different performances, thereby achieving high strength, deformation resistance, and puncture and cut resistance of the protective plate as a whole. The performance of each layer material is fully utilized to solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision under the power battery during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that the key components such as the battery cells and cold plates inside the battery pack are not damaged by external forces, and avoid problems such as cell leakage or puncture.

[0057] The first fiber protective layer 101 is made of twill fabric. The warp and weft yarns in the twill fabric interweave to form a diagonal pattern. The interlacing points of the warp and weft yarns form a mesh-like support structure, while also exhibiting high strength and toughness in different directions. When subjected to external impact, this material can disperse the force in multiple directions through the diagonal pattern, reducing local stress concentration. This gives the first fiber protective layer 101 good puncture and cut resistance and impact resistance, reducing deformation upon impact. The first fiber protective layer 101, made of twill fabric, serves as the innermost protective layer of the battery pack protective plate 100, making it the last protective barrier for the battery pack. This prevents the protective plate from failing and puncturing the battery cells during severe impacts, thus preventing thermal runaway and ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0058] The second fiber protective layer 102 adopts a unidirectional tape, which is formed by bonding continuously unidirectionally arranged fibers with a matrix material such as resin. Because the fibers are highly oriented along a single direction, it has high strength and impact resistance in the fiber alignment direction. The second fiber protective layer 102 with unidirectional tape is placed inside the metal layer 103 to provide a strong backing for the metal layer 103. When the metal layer 103 is impacted during vehicle formation, it can reduce the deformation of the metal layer 103 and prevent the cold plate flow channel from being squeezed due to the deformation of the protective plate due to impact, thus avoiding the problem of cold plate failure.

[0059] It is understood that the structures of the battery pack protection plate 100 defined by the above two embodiments may overlap, and should not be construed as being mutually exclusive.

[0060] The technical features of the battery pack protection plate 100 are further described below. It should be noted that the solutions described in the following embodiments are also applicable to the battery pack protection plate 100 defined in the above two embodiments.

[0061] In some embodiments, the metal layer 103 is a stamped steel plate, which has high strength and good formability. When the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102 are provided, the metal layer 103 can achieve the required performance by using a stamped steel plate with relatively low cost, and provide protection for the battery pack under conditions such as scraping the bottom of a speed bump.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a stone impact protection coating 104 is formed on the surface of the metal layer 103 away from the second fiber protective layer 102. In this embodiment, the surface of the metal layer 103 away from the second fiber protective layer 102 faces the outer side of the battery pack. During vehicle operation, it is easily struck by road debris. By providing the stone impact protection coating 104, damage to the battery pack protective plate caused by debris impact can be effectively prevented, avoiding defects such as dents and cracks. The impact protection coating can be formed using any feasible existing technology, such as spraying, and this application does not limit this.

[0063] In some embodiments, an anti-corrosion coating (not shown in the figure) is formed on the surface of the metal layer 103, which can effectively block corrosive media, enhance the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the metal layer 103, and extend the service life of the metal layer 103.

[0064] When an anti-corrosion coating is formed on the surface of the metal layer 103, a stone-impact-resistant coating 104 is formed on the side of the anti-corrosion coating away from the second fiber protective layer 102. The stone-impact-resistant coating 104 not only prevents damage to the battery pack protective plate caused by impacts from gravel, but also protects the anti-corrosion coating, effectively preventing it from peeling off due to impacts from gravel.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first fiber protective layer 101 includes a first group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the first fiber and a second group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the second fiber. The angle between the length direction of the first fiber and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate 100 is 45°, and the angle between the length direction of the second fiber and the length direction of the first fiber is 90°.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the fiber arrangement direction in the first fiber protective layer 101 is defined such that the angles between the two sets of fibers arranged in different directions and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate 100 are 45° and 135°, respectively. Figure 3 As shown. The first fiber protective layer 101 is made of fibers interwoven in two directions, 45° and 135°, which can decompose the impact force along two oblique directions between the length and width of the battery pack protective plate 100, effectively buffering and dispersing the impact force, and further improving the impact resistance of the first fiber protective layer 101.

[0067] The second fibers in the second fiber protective layer 102 are arranged in a single direction, are anisotropic and thin. The performance of the second fiber protective layer 102 in different directions can be further improved by designing multiple layers with different fiber arrangement directions. Figure 2 The diagram only shows the case where there is one layer of the second fiber protective layer. For cases where there are multiple layers of the second fiber protective layer, please refer to [the diagram]. Figure 2 At the location shown, there are multiple layers of second fiber protective layers 102 between the first fiber protective layer 101 and the metal layer 103.

[0068] In some embodiments, the second fiber protective layer 102 has an odd number of layers, including an intermediate layer in the middle and multiple sets of symmetrical layers located on both sides of the intermediate layer and symmetrical with respect to the intermediate layer, with the fibers in each set of symmetrical layers arranged in the same direction. Through the symmetrical design, the stress generated in each set of symmetrical layers can cancel each other out, so that the multi-layer second fiber protective layer 102 as a whole can uniformly distribute the stress, avoid deformation caused by uneven stress, and improve warpage performance. This allows the second fiber protective layer 102 as a whole to better reduce the amount of deformation, providing more reliable protection for the battery pack.

[0069] In some embodiments, the angle between the fiber length direction of the outermost set of symmetrical layers in the second fiber protective layer 102 and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate 100 is 45°. In this embodiment, by limiting the arrangement angle of the outer layer fibers, the outer layer fibers are arranged obliquely, so that the second fiber protective layer 102 as a whole has high strength while the outer surface has better aesthetics.

[0070] In some embodiments, the second fiber protective layer 102 has five layers in total. The angle between the fiber length direction in the middle layer and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate 100 is 0° or 90°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers adjacent to the middle layer and the fiber length direction in the middle layer is 45°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the second set of symmetrical layers and the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers is 90°.

[0071] The above embodiment provides a specific implementation where the second fiber protective layer 102 has five layers. The middle layer is arranged along the length direction (0°) or the width direction (90°) of the battery pack protective plate 100. The symmetrical layers on both sides of the middle layer are arranged with fibers at 45° or 135° to the length or width direction of the battery pack protective plate 100. The fiber arrangement angle is referenced... Figure 3Fibers arranged at 0° or 90° extend along the length or width of the battery pack protective plate 100, increasing the strength of the protective plate in the length or width direction and providing good bending resistance in both directions, thus resisting external impact and preventing deformation. Fibers arranged at 45° or 135° extend obliquely along the middle of the length and width directions of the battery pack protective plate 100, increasing the strength of the protective plate in the oblique direction and providing good torsional resistance. Combined with other second fiber protective layers 102 with 0° or 90° fiber orientations, this enhances the strength of the protective plate in all directions and improves its resistance to deformation under impact.

[0072] In some embodiments, the first fiber in the first fiber protective layer 101 is an aramid fiber. The molecular chains of aramid fibers have strong symmetry and orientation, resulting in high crystallinity and tightly packed molecular chains. When subjected to external impact, aramid fibers can absorb more energy, effectively disperse stress, and prevent rapid crack propagation, thereby exhibiting excellent impact toughness, improving the tear resistance of the first fiber protective layer 101, and preventing the bottom of the battery pack from being punctured by impact.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second fiber in the second fiber protective layer 102 is carbon fiber or glass fiber. Carbon fiber has a microstructure including a graphite microcrystalline structure, with graphite layers bonded by van der Waals forces, exhibiting high elastic modulus and tensile strength. Glass fiber, on the other hand, has a continuous silicon-oxygen bond network structure, giving it high tensile strength and elastic modulus. These properties of carbon fiber and glass fiber give them excellent resistance to deformation, providing rigid support for the battery pack protective plate 100. Furthermore, carbon fiber is lightweight, reducing the weight of the battery pack protective plate 100.

[0074] In some embodiments, the first fiber in the first fiber protective layer 101 is aramid fiber, and the second fiber in the second fiber protective layer 102 is carbon fiber or glass fiber. By using aramid fiber with high toughness as the reinforcing material of the inner protective layer, and combining it with carbon fiber or glass fiber with higher strength and stiffness as the outer second fiber protective layer 102, the two complement each other. With the corresponding fiber arrangement direction design, the function of each layer is maximized, ensuring the protective function of the battery pack protective plate 100 for the interior, thereby ensuring the driving safety of the vehicle.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first fiber protective layer 101 is provided in one layer with a thickness of 0.16 to 0.64 mm; the second fiber protective layer 102 is provided in multiple layers, each layer of the second fiber protective layer 102 having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.4 mm. The thicknesses of the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102 are within the aforementioned ranges, ensuring the strength of the interlayer fiber bonding while avoiding excessive layer thickness that would result in an excessively large or heavy overall volume of the battery pack protective plate 100. Furthermore, since the fibers in the second fiber protective layer 102 are unidirectionally arranged, its thickness is slightly less than that of the first fiber protective layer 101.

[0076] The following provides a specific embodiment of the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102. In this embodiment, the first fiber protective layer 101 is made of twill fabric, and the second fiber protective layer 102 is made of unidirectional tape and is laid in five layers. The relationship between the fiber arrangement angle and the position of the battery pack protective plate is as follows. Figure 3 As shown, there are four fiber arrangement directions in this embodiment, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the fiber angles along the length of the battery pack protective plate are defined as 0°, and the fiber angles along the counterclockwise direction are 45°, 90°, and 135° respectively. Table 1 shows the layup parameters of the first fiber protective layer 101 and the second fiber protective layer 102, and Table 2 shows the design parameters of each of the five layups in the second fiber protective layer 102.

[0077] Table 1. Layup design parameters for the first and second fiber protective layers.

[0078]

[0079] Table 2 Design parameters of each layup in the second fiber protective layer

[0080]

[0081] The battery pack protective plate, which has a first fiber protective layer and a second fiber protective layer as shown in Tables 1 and 2, has high strength and impact resistance in all directions of the battery pack protective plate by designing the arrangement angle of each fiber layer. This makes the battery pack protective plate as a whole have good isotropy in different directions, improves the reliability of the battery pack protective plate, and ensures battery safety.

[0082] Secondly, this application also provides a battery pack, which includes a battery pack protective plate 100 as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the battery pack protective plate 100 constitutes the outer protective structure of the battery pack and protects the internal components of the battery pack.

[0083] The battery pack provided in this application uses the improved battery pack protective plate 100 as the outer protective structure. The battery pack protective plate 100 adopts a layered design to give full play to the performance of each layer of materials and solve the safety problems caused by bottom impact and collision during driving. Even after a relatively serious bottom impact, it can ensure that the key components such as the battery cells and cold plates inside the battery pack are not damaged by external forces, and avoid problems such as cell leakage or puncture.

[0084] In some embodiments, the battery pack protective plate 100 can serve as the bottom structure of the battery pack, i.e., a battery pack bottom protector. When the battery pack is located at the bottom of the vehicle body, the battery pack bottom protector can provide protection at the bottom, preventing impacts from the bottom of the vehicle from causing deformation of the battery pack, or even failure of internal cells, cold plates, etc., thereby improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0085] In other embodiments, the battery pack protective plate 100 can also serve as a side plate, top plate, or outer shell structure of the battery pack, including the bottom structure, etc., and the specific application location can be designed according to actual needs. Applying the battery pack protective plate 100 to different locations can provide protection for the battery pack at corresponding locations, improving the safety of the battery pack.

[0086] Thirdly, this application also provides a vehicle including a frame and the battery pack described in the second aspect above, the battery pack being mounted on the frame.

[0087] The vehicle provided in this application includes a battery pack that uses the improved battery pack protection plate 100 as the outer protective structure. The battery pack has strong impact resistance and deformation resistance. Even when the vehicle is hit, the battery pack can still maintain its original shape without being affected, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle during driving.

[0088] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack protective plate, used to form the outer protective structure of a battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack protective plate (100) includes: A first fiber protective layer (101) comprising a plurality of interwoven first fibers, one side of which faces the interior of the battery pack; The second fiber protective layer (102) includes a plurality of unidirectionally arranged second fibers, and the second fiber protective layer (102) is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer (101) away from the inside of the battery pack. A metal layer (103) is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer (102) away from the first fiber protective layer (101).

2. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A stone-shielding coating (104) is formed on the surface of the metal layer (103) away from the second fiber protective layer (102); or, An anti-corrosion coating is formed on the surface of the metal layer (103), and an anti-stone chipping coating (104) is formed on the side of the anti-corrosion coating away from the second fiber protective layer (102).

3. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fiber is aramid fiber; the second fiber is carbon fiber or glass fiber.

4. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fiber protective layer includes a first group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the first fiber and a second group of first fibers arranged along the length direction of the second fiber. The angle between the length direction of the first fiber and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate is 45°, and the angle between the length direction of the second fiber and the length direction of the first fiber is 90°.

5. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fiber protective layer (102) has an odd number of layers, including an intermediate layer in the middle and multiple sets of symmetrical layers on both sides of the intermediate layer and symmetrical with respect to the intermediate layer, wherein the fibers in each set of symmetrical layers are arranged in the same direction.

6. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the fiber length direction of the outermost set of symmetrical layers in the second fiber protective layer (102) and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate (100) is 45°.

7. The battery pack protective plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second fiber protective layer (102) has five layers. The angle between the fiber length direction in the middle layer and the length direction of the battery pack protective plate (100) is 0° or 90°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers adjacent to the middle layer and the fiber length direction in the middle layer is 45°. The angle between the fiber length direction in the second set of symmetrical layers and the fiber length direction in the first set of symmetrical layers is 90°.

8. A battery pack protective plate, used to form the outer protective structure of a battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack protective plate (100) includes: The first fiber protective layer (101) is a twill fabric, and one side of the first fiber protective layer (101) faces the inside of the battery pack. The second fiber protective layer (102) is a unidirectional strip and is located on the side of the first fiber protective layer (101) away from the inside of the battery pack. A metal layer (103) is located on the side of the second fiber protective layer (102) away from the first fiber protective layer (101).

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes a battery pack protective plate (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, the battery pack protective plate (100) constituting an outer protective structure of the battery pack to protect the internal components of the battery pack.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes a vehicle frame and a battery pack as described in claim 9, the battery pack being disposed on the vehicle frame.

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