Multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle fire forest belt health monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fireproof forest belt monitoring equipment, in particular to a multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle fireproof forest belt health monitoring device. The multispectral imager is fixedly carried at the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle through a mounting bracket; the self-cleaning air ring is fixedly arranged on the lens part of the multispectral imager in a sleeving manner, and the lower end of the self-cleaning air ring is lower than the lower end of the lens part of the multispectral imager; the self-cleaning air ring is a hollow ring body with an L-shaped section, the outer diameter of the upper portion of the self-cleaning air ring is larger than that of the lower portion of the self-cleaning air ring, and an air inlet is formed in the outer side of the upper portion of the self-cleaning air ring. The interference on the image acquisition operation of the multispectral imager can be avoided by utilizing the airflow blowing dust removal, and the multispectral imager can smoothly carry out the health monitoring operation of the fire forest belt in any time period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of firebreak forest belt monitoring equipment, specifically a multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing intelligent forest fire monitoring drones, equipped with camera equipment and AV2000 two-way wireless image and data transmission devices, can perform fire reconnaissance and patrol missions around the clock. Ground personnel can receive wireless signals from the drones to keep abreast of the dynamic information of the fire scene and verify satellite forest fire monitoring hotspots.

[0003] A search revealed a patent document with publication number "CN216269917U" that discloses an intelligent forest fire monitoring drone, comprising a drone body and a camera monitoring device installed below the drone body. A mounting plate is threadedly fixed to the bottom of the drone body, and a protective box with an opening on the right side is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate. The camera monitoring device is located inside the protective box, and a transparent plate located below the camera monitoring device is embedded in the bottom inner wall of the protective box. An elastic telescopic guide mechanism is fixedly connected to the left inner wall of the protective box, and two T-shaped guide rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic telescopic guide mechanism.

[0004] In addition, the use of drones carrying multispectral imagers for remote sensing mapping has become increasingly widespread. For example, the patent document with publication number "CN212195904U" discloses a multispectral imaging remote sensing system for drones, which can also be used to monitor the health status of firebreaks (health status mainly refers to the risk of pests or drought).

[0005] Based on the above search and combined with existing technology, it was found that existing multispectral drone-based firebreak health monitoring devices are all for outdoor (field) operations. Therefore, the lenses of the multispectral imagers equipped with them are prone to dust accumulation during operation. Although some multispectral drone-based firebreak health monitoring devices are equipped with cleaning mechanisms, they are mostly cleaned by water rinsing or wiping. However, both water rinsing and wiping will interfere with the image acquisition of the multispectral imager during the cleaning process, making it impossible to carry out the detection work smoothly during the cleaning period. Therefore, there is a need for multispectral drone-based firebreak health monitoring devices. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned in the background, this utility model provides a multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device.

[0007] This utility model overcomes the above technical problems by adopting the following technical solution:

[0008] A multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) health monitoring device for firebreak forest belts includes:

[0009] Drones;

[0010] A multispectral imager, which is mounted and fixedly mounted on the bottom of the UAV;

[0011] The self-cleaning air ring is fixedly sleeved on the lens part of the multispectral imager, and the lower end of the self-cleaning air ring is lower than the lower end of the lens part of the multispectral imager.

[0012] The self-cleaning air ring is a hollow ring with an L-shaped cross-section. The upper outer diameter of the self-cleaning air ring is larger than the lower outer diameter. An air inlet is provided on the upper outer side of the self-cleaning air ring. Multiple air inlets are provided and evenly distributed along the circumference of the self-cleaning air ring.

[0013] The lower inner side of the self-cleaning air ring is provided with an air outlet. Multiple air outlets are also provided and are evenly distributed along the periphery of the self-cleaning air ring. Each of the multiple air outlets corresponds to one of the multiple air inlets.

[0014] The cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet is less than half that of the air inlet, the horizontal height of the air outlet is lower than the horizontal height of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager, and the airflow blown out of the air outlet is inclined upward and extends to the middle of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model, an adjusting block is slidably installed inside the air outlet, the adjusting block slides vertically up and down along the air outlet, and an inclined part is formed at the upper end of the adjusting block, the inclined part being inclined upward.

[0016] The self-cleaning air ring is equipped with a follower mechanism and a drive rod that drive the adjusting block to slide up and down. The follower mechanism rotates with the airflow entering at the air inlet and drives the drive rod to rotate. When the drive rod rotates, it drives the adjusting block to move up and down repeatedly in the air outlet.

[0017] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the follower mechanism includes:

[0018] A drive shaft, both its upper and lower ends of which are rotatably connected to a self-cleaning air ring, and the drive shaft is located in the upper cavity of the self-cleaning air ring;

[0019] A follower impeller is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and one side of the follower impeller corresponds to the opening of the air inlet;

[0020] A drive gear, which is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the drive shaft;

[0021] The driven gear meshes with the driving gear and is fixedly mounted on the drive rod.

[0022] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the upper and lower ends of the drive rod are respectively rotatably connected to the self-cleaning air ring, the lower end of the drive rod extends into the lower cavity of the self-cleaning air ring, and the drive rod is provided with a reciprocating threaded part that drives the adjusting block to move up and down reciprocally.

[0023] The adjusting block has a movable rod integrally formed at one end inside the self-cleaning air ring, and a sliding sleeve adapted to the reciprocating thread is fixed on the movable rod.

[0024] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the drive rod. Two limiting rings are provided and are respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the reciprocating threaded part. The movable rod is located between the two limiting rings.

[0025] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the air inlet is a curved horn-shaped hole that is larger on the outside and smaller on the inside, and a dustproof net is fixed on the inner side of the air inlet. The air inlet direction is deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring.

[0026] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the air outlet includes a first air outlet and a second air outlet. The air outlet paths of both the first air outlet and the second air outlet are deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring. The angle between the air outlet path of the first air outlet and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring is greater than the angle between the air outlet path of the second air outlet and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring. Furthermore, the deviated directions of the air outlet paths of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are the same.

[0027] The follow-up mechanism, drive rod, and adjustment block are all provided in multiple sets, each corresponding to one of the multiple first air holes.

[0028] By adopting the above structure, this utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] This invention, by adding a self-cleaning air ring, allows outside air to enter the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring from any direction through one or more air inlets during flight. After the air is evenly distributed within the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring, it is discharged through the first and second air holes, forming airflows at different angles. This allows for multi-angle dust removal by blowing on the lower part of the multispectral imager lens. At the same time, it also enables the airflow blowing on the multispectral imager lens to form a vortex shape, resulting in minimal airflow velocity loss, strong dust removal force, and good dust removal effect. After being blown, the airflow can flow outward along the extension direction of the multispectral imager lens, preventing dust from re-adhering with the airflow.

[0030] Compared to existing technologies that use water to rinse or wipe away dust, using airflow to blow away dust can avoid interfering with the image acquisition operation of the multispectral imager, ensuring that the multispectral imager can successfully carry out health monitoring of firebreaks at any time. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of the multispectral imager and self-cleaning air ring in this embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an example. Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top sectional view of the self-cleaning air ring in this embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an example. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0036] Figure 6 This is an example. Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at point C.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV); 2. Multispectral Imager; 3. Self-cleaning Air Ring; 31. Air Inlet; 32. Air Outlet; 321. First Air Hole; 322. Second Air Hole; 4. Follow-up Mechanism; 41. Drive Shaft; 42. Follow-up Impeller; 43. Drive Gear; 44. Driven Gear; 5. Drive Rod; 51. Reciprocating Threaded Part; 52. Limiting Ring; 6. Adjusting Block; 61. Movable Rod; 62. Inclined Part; 7. Dustproof Net. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-6 In this embodiment of the invention, the multispectral UAV firebreak forest belt health monitoring device includes:

[0040] Drone 1;

[0041] Multispectral imager 2 is mounted and fixedly mounted on the bottom of UAV 1;

[0042] Both the UAV 1 and the multispectral imager 2 are existing technologies, and their specific structures and working principles will not be described in detail here.

[0043] The self-cleaning air ring 3 is fixedly sleeved on the lens part of the multispectral imager 2, and the lower end of the self-cleaning air ring 3 is lower than the lower end of the lens part of the multispectral imager 2.

[0044] The self-cleaning air ring 3 is a hollow ring with an L-shaped cross-section. The upper outer diameter of the self-cleaning air ring 3 is larger than the lower outer diameter. An air inlet 31 is provided on the upper outer side of the self-cleaning air ring 3. Multiple air inlets 31 are provided and evenly distributed along the circumference of the self-cleaning air ring 3. The air inlets 31 are curved horn holes with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter to facilitate the entry of more air. A dustproof net 7 is fixed on the inner side of the air inlet 31. The air intake direction of the air inlet 31 is deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring 3. Outside air enters the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3 from any one or more air inlets 31 in any direction and is evenly distributed in the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3. The dustproof net 7 can prevent the entry of external dust and obtain relatively clean air. The deviation of the air intake direction of the air inlet 31 from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring 3 can ensure that the air can enter the self-cleaning air ring 3 at an angle, reduce the obstruction when the air enters, and reduce the loss of aerodynamics.

[0045] An air outlet 32 ​​is provided on the lower inner side of the self-cleaning air ring 3. Multiple air outlets 32 are provided and evenly distributed along the periphery of the self-cleaning air ring 3. The multiple air outlets 32 correspond one-to-one with the multiple air inlets 31.

[0046] Among them, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet 32 ​​is less than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet 31, the horizontal height of the air outlet 32 ​​is lower than the horizontal height of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager 2, and the airflow blown out of the air outlet 32 ​​is inclined upward and extends to the middle of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager 2.

[0047] The air outlet 32 ​​includes a first air outlet 321 and a second air outlet 322. The air outlet paths of both the first air outlet 321 and the second air outlet 322 are deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring 3. The angle between the air outlet path of the first air outlet 321 and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring 3 is greater than the angle between the air outlet path of the second air outlet 322 and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring 3. Furthermore, the deviation directions of the air outlet paths of the first air outlet 321 and the second air outlet 322 are the same. Setting the first air outlet 321 and the second air outlet 322 can form airflows at different angles, thereby blowing and removing dust from the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager 2 from multiple angles. At the same time, it can also make the airflow blowing on the lens of the multispectral imager 2 form a vortex shape, with small airflow velocity loss, strong blowing and dust removal force, and good dust removal effect. After blowing, it can flow outward along the extension direction of the lens of the multispectral imager 2, avoiding dust from re-adhering with the airflow.

[0048] Specifically, an adjusting block 6 is slidably installed inside the first air hole 321. The adjusting block 6 slides vertically up and down along the first air hole 321. An inclined part 62 is formed at the upper end of the adjusting block 6, and the inclined part 62 is inclined upward.

[0049] The self-cleaning air ring 3 is equipped with a follower mechanism 4 and a drive rod 5 that drive the adjusting block 6 to slide up and down repeatedly. The follower mechanism 4, drive rod 5 and adjusting block 6 are set up so that the follower mechanism 4 rotates with the airflow entering at the air inlet 31 and drives the drive rod 5 to rotate. When the drive rod 5 rotates, it drives the adjusting block 6 to move up and down repeatedly in the first air hole 321. This causes the hole above the adjusting block 6 in the first air hole 321 to repeatedly expand and contract. When the hole diameter is reduced, the airflow can obtain a higher flow rate and blow more forcefully on the lens of the multispectral imager 2 after being blown out, further improving the dust removal effect. When the hole diameter is increased, the airflow velocity can be restored, avoiding the airflow velocity from always being too fast, which would cause the lens at the lower end of the multispectral imager 2 to be damaged by dust friction for a long time. This ensures the dust removal effect and extends the service life of the lens of the multispectral imager 2.

[0050] The follow-up mechanism 4, drive rod 5, and adjustment block 6 are all provided in multiple sets and correspond one-to-one with multiple first air holes 321.

[0051] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the air passing through the first air hole 321 always passes over the regulating block 6 and obtains a larger flow rate, a sealing plate or elastic sealing strip can be installed between the bottom of the regulating block 6 and the bottom of the first air hole 321. The sealing plate is inserted into the bottom of the first air hole 321, and at the same time, the sealing plate and the periphery of the first air hole 321 are sealed. When the regulating block 6 rises, the sealing plate rises synchronously and closes the hole between the lower end of the regulating block 6 and the bottom of the first air hole 321. This ensures that the airflow passes over the regulating block 6 and obtains a larger flow rate, thereby playing a powerful cleaning role.

[0052] Specifically, the follower mechanism 4 includes:

[0053] The drive shaft 41 is rotatably connected to the self-cleaning air ring 3 at both its upper and lower ends, and the drive shaft 41 is located in the upper cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3.

[0054] Follower impeller 42 is fixedly installed on drive shaft 41, and one side of follower impeller 42 corresponds to the opening of air inlet 31;

[0055] The drive gear 43 is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft 41;

[0056] Driven gear 44 meshes with driving gear 43 and is fixedly sleeved on drive rod 5.

[0057] Specifically, the upper and lower ends of the drive rod 5 are rotatably connected to the self-cleaning air ring 3, the lower end of the drive rod 5 extends into the lower cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3, and the drive rod 5 is provided with a reciprocating threaded part 51 that drives the adjusting block 6 to move up and down reciprocally.

[0058] The adjusting block 6 has an integrally formed movable rod 61 at one end located inside the self-cleaning air ring 3, and a sliding sleeve adapted to the reciprocating threaded part 51 is fixed on the movable rod 61.

[0059] Specifically, a limiting ring 52 is fixedly sleeved on the drive rod 5. There are two limiting rings 52, which are located at the upper and lower ends of the reciprocating threaded part 51 respectively. The movable rod 61 is located between the two limiting rings 52.

[0060] Working principle: During flight, the UAV 1 is equipped with a multispectral imager 2. The multispectral imager 2 collects image information of the firebreak forest belt and uses multispectral imaging technology to monitor the health status of the firebreak forest belt vegetation in real time, identify the risk of pests or drought, provide early warnings, and generate maintenance plans.

[0061] Meanwhile, during flight, outside air enters the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3 from any one or more air inlets 31 in any direction. After the air is evenly distributed in the cavity of the self-cleaning air ring 3, it is discharged from the first air hole 321 and the second air hole 322, forming airflow at different angles. This allows for multi-angle blowing and dust removal of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager 2. At the same time, it can also make the airflow blowing the lens of the multispectral imager 2 form a vortex shape, with small airflow velocity loss, strong blowing and dust removal force, and good dust removal effect. After blowing, it can flow outward along the extension direction of the lens of the multispectral imager 2, avoiding dust from re-attaching with the airflow.

[0062] Furthermore, as air enters through the air inlet 31, it blows the follower impeller 42. When the follower impeller 42 rotates, it drives the driven gear 44 to rotate through the transmission shaft 41 and the drive gear 43. When the driven gear 44 rotates, it drives the drive rod 5 to rotate. Thus, the reciprocating threaded part 51 drives the movable rod 61 and the adjusting block 6 integrally formed with the movable rod 61 to slide up and down repeatedly. This causes the hole above the adjusting block 6 in the first air hole 321 to repeatedly expand and contract. When the hole diameter shrinks, the airflow obtains a higher flow rate and can blow more forcefully onto the lens of the multispectral imager 2 after being blown out, further improving the dust removal effect.

[0063] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention.

Claims

1. A multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) health monitoring device for firebreak forest belts, characterized in that, include: Unmanned aerial vehicle (1); A multispectral imager (2) is mounted and fixedly mounted on the bottom of the UAV (1); The self-cleaning air ring (3) is fixedly sleeved on the lens part of the multispectral imager (2), and the lower end of the self-cleaning air ring (3) is lower than the lower end of the lens part of the multispectral imager (2). The self-cleaning air ring (3) is a hollow ring with an L-shaped cross-section. The upper outer diameter of the self-cleaning air ring (3) is larger than the lower outer diameter of the self-cleaning air ring (3). An air inlet (31) is provided on the upper outer side of the self-cleaning air ring (3). Multiple air inlets (31) are provided and are evenly distributed along the periphery of the self-cleaning air ring (3). The lower inner side of the self-cleaning air ring (3) is provided with an air outlet (32). The air outlet (32) is also provided in multiple ways and is evenly distributed along the periphery of the self-cleaning air ring (3). The multiple air outlets (32) correspond one-to-one with the multiple air inlets (31). The cross-sectional area of ​​the air outlet (32) is less than half the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet (31), the horizontal height of the air outlet (32) is lower than the horizontal height of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager (2), and the airflow blown out by the air outlet (32) is inclined upward and extends to the middle of the lower end of the lens of the multispectral imager (2).

2. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting block (6) is slidably installed inside the air outlet (32). The adjusting block (6) slides vertically up and down along the air outlet (32). An inclined part (62) is formed at the upper end of the adjusting block (6). The inclined part (62) is inclined upward. The self-cleaning air ring (3) is equipped with a follower mechanism (4) and a drive rod (5) that drive the adjusting block (6) to slide up and down. The follower mechanism (4) rotates with the airflow entering at the air inlet (31) and drives the drive rod (5) to rotate. When the drive rod (5) rotates, it drives the adjusting block (6) to move up and down in the air outlet (32).

3. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The follower mechanism (4) includes: The transmission shaft (41) is rotatably connected to the self-cleaning air ring (3) at both its upper and lower ends, and the transmission shaft (41) is located in the upper cavity of the self-cleaning air ring (3); Follower impeller (42), the follower impeller (42) is fixedly installed on the drive shaft (41), and one side of the follower impeller (42) corresponds to the opening of the air inlet (31); A drive gear (43) is fixedly sleeved on the lower end of the transmission shaft (41); Driven gear (44) meshes with driving gear (43) and is fixedly sleeved on drive rod (5).

4. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the drive rod (5) are rotatably connected to the self-cleaning air ring (3), and the lower end of the drive rod (5) extends into the lower cavity of the self-cleaning air ring (3). The drive rod (5) is provided with a reciprocating threaded part (51) that drives the adjusting block (6) to move up and down. The adjusting block (6) has an integrally formed movable rod (61) at one end located inside the self-cleaning air ring (3), and a sliding sleeve adapted to the reciprocating threaded part (51) is fixed on the movable rod (61).

5. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive rod (5) is fixedly fitted with a limiting ring (52). There are two limiting rings (52) and they are located at the upper and lower ends of the reciprocating threaded part (51), respectively. The movable rod (61) is located between the two limiting rings (52).

6. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (31) is a curved horn-shaped hole with a larger outer diameter and a smaller inner diameter. A dustproof net (7) is fixed on the inner side of the air inlet (31). The air inlet direction of the air inlet (31) is deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring (3).

7. The multispectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) firebreak forest belt health monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air outlet (32) includes a first air outlet (321) and a second air outlet (322). The air outlet paths of both the first air outlet (321) and the second air outlet (322) are deviated from the axis of the self-cleaning air ring (3). The angle between the air outlet path of the first air outlet (321) and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring (3) is greater than the angle between the air outlet path of the second air outlet (322) and the axis of the self-cleaning air ring (3). Furthermore, the deviation directions of the air outlet paths of the first air outlet (321) and the second air outlet (322) are the same. The follow-up mechanism (4), drive rod (5), and adjustment block (6) are each provided in multiple sets and correspond one-to-one with multiple first air holes (321).

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