Self-balancing cushion block for bridge structure and bridge structure
The multi-layer structure design of the self-balancing pad blocks solves the problem that traditional pad blocks cannot adapt to bridge deck deformation, thereby improving the flatness and durability of the bridge deck and extending the service life of the bridge.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520152347.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-01-22
AI Technical Summary
Traditional bridge deck pads cannot adapt to deformation, resulting in unevenness, which leads to bridge deck wear and fatigue damage, affecting the service life and durability of the bridge.
Design a self-balancing pad block, comprising a rigid pad layer, a transition layer and an elastic pad layer arranged from bottom to top. A corrugated surface is formed between the rigid pad layer and the elastic pad layer. The corrugated surface extends in the same direction as the bridge width. The elastic pad layer can adapt to the deformation of the bridge deck. The elastic modulus of the transition layer is adjusted by adjusting its thickness.
It effectively avoids gaps between the pads and the bridge deck, reduces bridge deck wear, extends the service life of the bridge deck structure, and enhances bridge durability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223837924U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge construction technology, and in particular to a self-balancing pad for bridge structures and a bridge structure. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure construction, bridge engineering design and construction technologies are also constantly improving. Steel-concrete composite beam structures, due to their high strength, durability, and efficient construction, have become an important choice in modern bridge engineering. However, with the widespread application of prefabricated assembled bridge deck installation methods for steel-concrete composite beams, some new problems have gradually emerged. Among them, traditional pads have revealed significant limitations under this new construction process. Under the self-weight of the bridge deck, traditional pads cannot achieve height self-adjustment, leading to longitudinal unevenness after the bridge deck is installed. This unevenness not only affects the overall aesthetics of the bridge but, more importantly, adversely impacts its structural performance. Specifically, traditional bridge deck pads are typically placed only at the four corners of the deck, and the pads themselves are rigid structures. For bridge decks with a flat bottom surface, the existing pad structure can provide good support. However, as bridge decks age, they are subjected to constantly changing overhead loads and temperature variations, inevitably causing deformation of the deck structure. This results in unevenness or even buckling of the bottom surface of the deck. Relying solely on the rigid pads at the four corners for support leads to uneven stress distribution, and one corner may even warp, creating a gap between itself and the pad. The alternating loads from pedestrian and vehicular traffic cause repeated friction and impact between the warped portion of the deck and the pad below, accelerating wear and fatigue damage to the deck and connecting parts, thus reducing the bridge's service life. Furthermore, the poor sealing performance of traditional pads is a problem that urgently needs to be addressed. During bridge use, rainwater, dust, and other impurities can easily penetrate through the gaps between the pads and the deck / steel beams, corroding the internal steel structure and affecting the durability and safety of the steel-concrete composite beam. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the technical problem that the existing bridge deck pads cannot adapt to the uneven bridge deck caused by deformation, which easily leads to wear and fatigue damage between the pads and the bridge deck, thereby reducing the service life of the bridge. The invention provides a self-balancing pad for bridge structures and a bridge structure.
[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a self-balancing pad for a bridge structure, comprising a rigid pad layer, a transition layer, and an elastic pad layer arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The rigid pad layer is disposed on top of the steel beams in the bridge structure, and the elastic pad layer is disposed on the bottom of the bridge deck in the bridge structure. The elastic pad layer can undergo elastic deformation under the pressure of the bridge deck. A first interface is formed between the rigid pad layer and the transition layer, and a second interface is formed between the transition layer and the elastic pad layer. Both the first interface and the second interface are corrugated surfaces, and the extension direction of the corrugations on the corrugated surface is consistent with the width direction of the bridge structure.
[0005] The self-balancing pad of this application can be divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction. The bottom rigid pad layer serves as the supporting foundation, providing the main support for the bridge deck above. The top elastic pad layer can adapt to the height differences at different positions on the bottom of the uneven bridge deck. That is, when the bridge deck is placed on the pad, the bridge deck can compress the elastic pad layer due to its own weight. As the bridge deck ages, it deforms and becomes uneven, sometimes warping at the edges or corners. The elastic pad layer corresponding to the pad below at these positions can rebound upwards to adapt to the height changes of the bridge deck at those positions, preventing gaps between the pad and the bridge deck and thus maintaining the support of the pad for the bridge deck. In addition, the elastic deformation of the elastic pad layer allows the bridge deck to undergo displacement within a certain range in the vertical direction. It can buffer the bridge deck when subjected to alternating loads from vehicles and people above, reducing wear and damage and extending the service life of the bridge deck structure. For bridge deck structures at curves, they are also usually subjected to the centrifugal force of turning vehicles in the horizontal direction. By designing the layers of the pads as a corrugated structure, and making the extension direction of the corrugations, that is, the direction from the crest to the trough and back to the crest, consistent with the direction of the bridge width, the corrugated structure can effectively prevent lateral misalignment between the layers of the pads. Here, the rigid pad layer can be made of materials such as polypropylene, steel or steel alloy, and the elastic pad layer can be made of polyolefin rubber or other composite materials containing rubber components. A transition layer is set between the rigid pad layer and the elastic pad layer. The elastic modulus of the pads at different positions under the bridge deck can be adjusted by setting the thickness of the transition layer.
[0006] Preferably, the first interface includes alternating first peaks and first troughs, and the second interface includes alternating second peaks and second troughs, wherein the first peaks and second troughs are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad, and the second peaks and first troughs are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad.
[0007] Preferably, the transition layer has a plurality of first deformation holes, which are located between the corresponding second peak and the first trough.
[0008] Preferably, a first bearing rod is inserted through the first deformation hole, and the outer wall of the first bearing rod and the inner wall of the first deformation hole are connected by a first tooth surface.
[0009] Preferably, the first interface includes alternating first peaks and first troughs, and the second interface includes alternating second peaks and second troughs. The first peaks and second peaks are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad, and the first troughs and second troughs are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad.
[0010] Preferably, the transition layer has a plurality of first deformation holes.
[0011] Preferably, a first bearing rod is inserted through the first deformation hole, and the outer wall of the first bearing rod and the inner wall of the first deformation hole are connected by a first tooth surface.
[0012] Preferably, the elastic pad has a plurality of second deformation holes, the second deformation holes are arranged corresponding to the second troughs, and a second bearing rod is inserted through the second deformation hole. The outer wall of the second bearing rod and the inner wall of the second deformation hole are connected by a second tooth surface.
[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a bridge structure, including a plurality of bridge decks, steel beams, and self-balancing pads for the bridge structure as described above. The steel beams, the pads, and the bridge decks are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The elastic pads are placed at the bottom of the bridge decks, and the rigid pads are placed at the top of the steel beams. A joint is formed between two adjacent bridge decks. The pads are located on both sides below the joint and close to the joint. The pads on both sides below the joint communicate with the joint to form a first casting area.
[0014] Preferably, a shear keyway extending along the thickness direction of the bridge deck is provided on the bridge deck, and the pad is arranged around the area directly below the shear keyway and close to the shear keyway. The area surrounded by the pad is connected to the shear keyway to form a second casting area, and the second casting area is separated from the first casting area.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0016] This utility model provides a self-balancing pad for bridge structures and a bridge structure thereof. The self-balancing pad of this application can be divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction. The bottom rigid pad layer can serve as the supporting foundation, providing the main support force for the bridge deck above. The top elastic pad layer can adapt to the height difference changes at different positions on the bottom of the uneven bridge deck. That is, after the bridge deck is placed on the pad, the bridge deck can apply pressure to the elastic pad layer due to its own weight, compressing it. As the bridge deck ages, it deforms and becomes uneven, and may warp at the edges or corners. The elastic pad layer corresponding to the pad below at this position can rebound upward to adapt to the height change of the bridge deck at that position after deformation, which can prevent gaps between the pad and the bridge deck, thus maintaining the support of the pad for the bridge deck. In addition, the elastic deformation of the elastic pad layer allows the bridge deck to have a certain range of displacement in the vertical direction. It can play a buffering role when the bridge deck is subjected to alternating loads from vehicles and people above, which can reduce the wear and damage of the bridge deck and improve the service life of the bridge deck structure. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to the present invention.
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to the present invention.
[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view showing the placement of the self-balancing pads on the steel beam.
[0020] Figure 4 This is an elevation view showing the placement of the self-balancing pads between the steel beam and the bridge deck.
[0021] Marked in the image:
[0022] 1. Rigid pad, 2. Transition layer, 21. First deformation hole, 22. First bearing rod, 23. First tooth surface, 3. Elastic pad, 31. Second deformation hole, 32. Second bearing rod, 33. Second tooth surface, 4. First interface, 41. First crest, 42. First trough, 5. Second interface, 51. Second crest, 52. Second trough, 6. Steel beam, 7. Bridge deck, 71. Joint, 72. Shear keyway, 8. First casting area, 9. Second casting area, 10. Pad block. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0025] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.
[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.
[0027] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.
[0028] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] This embodiment provides a self-balancing pad for bridge structures.
[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second structure of the self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to the present invention. Figure 3 A top view showing the placement of the self-balancing pads on the steel beam; Figure 4 This is an elevation view showing the placement of the self-balancing pads between the steel beam and the bridge deck.
[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the self-balancing pad for the bridge structure described in this embodiment may include a rigid pad 1, a transition layer 2, and an elastic pad 3 arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The rigid pad 1 is placed on top of the steel beam 6, and the elastic pad 3 is placed on the bottom of the bridge deck 7. The elastic pad 3 can undergo elastic deformation under the pressure of the bridge deck 7. A first interface 4 is formed between the rigid pad 1 and the transition layer 2, and a second interface 5 is formed between the transition layer 2 and the elastic pad 3. Both the first interface 4 and the second interface 5 are corrugated surfaces, and the extension direction of the corrugations on the corrugated surface is consistent with the width direction of the bridge structure. Here, the extension direction of the corrugations on the corrugated surface refers to the direction from any crest on the corrugation towards any adjacent trough on any side. The width direction of the bridge structure refers to the direction perpendicular to the span of the bridge and parallel to the bridge deck 7. The transition layer 2 is set between the rigid pad 1 and the elastic pad 3, and the elastic modulus of the pads 10 at different positions below the bridge deck 7 can be adjusted by setting the thickness of the transition layer 2.
[0033] The rigid pad 1 can be made of materials such as polypropylene, steel or steel alloy, and the elastic pad 3 can be made of polyolefin rubber or other composite materials containing rubber components. The hardness of the transition layer 2 is between that of the rigid pad 1 and the elastic pad 3. The material of the transition layer 2 can be ethylene propylene rubber, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber or nitrile rubber (NBR), etc. This utility model does not limit the specific materials of the rigid pad 1, the transition layer 2 and the elastic pad 3.
[0034] The self-balancing pad 10 of this application can be divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction. The bottom rigid pad 1 can serve as the supporting base, providing the main support for the bridge deck 7 above. The top elastic pad 3 can adapt to the height difference changes at different positions on the bottom of the uneven bridge deck 7. That is, after the bridge deck 7 is placed on the pad 10, the bridge deck 7 can apply pressure to the elastic pad 3 due to its own weight, compressing it. As the bridge deck 7 ages, it deforms and becomes uneven, and may warp at the edges or corners. The elastic pad 3 corresponding to the pad 10 below this position can rebound upward to adapt to the height change of the bridge deck 7 at that position after deformation, thus preventing gaps between the pad 10 and the bridge deck 7. The gaps allow the pad 10 to maintain support for the bridge deck 7. Furthermore, the elastic pad 3 allows for elastic deformation, enabling the bridge deck 7 to undergo displacement within a certain range in the vertical direction. This buffers the bridge deck 7 under alternating loads from vehicles and personnel above, reducing wear and damage and extending the service life of the bridge deck 7 structure. For the bridge deck 7 structure at curves, it is typically subjected to the centrifugal force of turning vehicles in the horizontal direction. By designing the layers of the pad 10 as a corrugated structure, and ensuring the direction of the corrugations—from crest to trough and back to crest—is consistent with the direction of the bridge width, the corrugated structure effectively prevents lateral misalignment between the layers of the pad 10.
[0035] In the first structure of the self-balancing pad 10 in this embodiment, the first interface 4 includes alternating first peaks 41 and first troughs 42, and the second interface 5 includes alternating second peaks 51 and second troughs 52. The first peaks 41 and second troughs 52 are correspondingly arranged in the thickness direction of the pad 10, and the second peaks 51 and first troughs 42 are correspondingly arranged in the thickness direction of the pad 10. That is, the corrugations of the first interface 4 and the corrugations of the second interface 5 can be staggered, so that the peaks of the first interface 4 and the second interface 5 are staggered. The troughs of the surface 5 are arranged opposite each other, and the troughs of the first interface 4 and the peaks of the second interface 5 are arranged opposite each other. This staggered arrangement of the upper and lower corrugated surfaces makes the thickness of the transition layer 2 vary at different locations and changes in a regular pattern. When the pad 10 is subjected to a horizontal force, the horizontal force can mainly act on the thicker part of the transition layer 2, that is, the position where the second peak 51 and the first trough 42 are opposite each other. At this point, the transition layer 2 can better help the elastic pad 3 to share the horizontal force and avoid the elastic pad 3 from being stretched or misaligned to a large extent.
[0036] Optionally, the transition layer 2 is provided with a plurality of first deformation holes 21, which are located between the corresponding second peak 51 and first trough 42. That is, the first deformation holes 21 are opened at the position of the thickest part of the transition layer 2. For the area of the bridge deck 7 that is subjected to a small load, the pad 10 does not need to provide a large support force. At this time, the transition layer 2 can be allowed to undergo a large deformation. Therefore, opening holes at the position of the thickest part of the transition layer 2 can increase the amount of compression deformation of the transition layer 2 under pressure. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. Whether holes are opened on the transition layer 2, and the position and number of the first deformation holes 21 on the transition layer 2 can also be selected according to actual needs. For example, in the area of the bridge deck 7 that is subjected to a large load and requires the pad 10 to provide a large support force, fewer holes or no holes can be opened on the transition layer 2 to improve the support force of the pad 10. The present invention does not make specific limitations on this.
[0037] Optionally, a first bearing rod 22 is inserted into the first deformation hole 21, and the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 are connected by a first toothed surface 23. When necessary, for example, if the load on the bridge deck 7 is too large and the transition layer 2 cannot provide sufficient support even without opening a hole, a bearing rod can be inserted into the transition layer 2 after opening a hole to provide further support. Typically, the bearing rod is a rigid component with a stiffness greater than that of the transition layer 2 material. Furthermore, when the transition layer 2 is subjected to alternating vertical and horizontal loads, the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 are connected by a first toothed surface 23. The transition layers 2 on the inner wall are prone to relative slippage, which can weaken the supporting effect of the first bearing rod 22. Therefore, the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 is designed as an internal tooth surface structure, and the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 is designed as an external tooth surface structure that mates with the internal tooth surface of the first deformation hole 21. This allows the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 to be connected by tooth surface mating, which can limit the relative slippage between the transition layers 2 on the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21, thus maintaining the supporting performance of the first bearing rod 22.
[0038] In the second structure of the self-balancing pad 10 in this embodiment, the first interface 4 includes alternating first crests 41 and first troughs 42, and the second interface 5 includes alternating second crests 51 and second troughs 52. The first crests 41 and second crests 51 are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad 10, and the first troughs 42 and second troughs 52 are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad 10. That is, the corrugations of the first interface 4 and the second interface 5 can be arranged parallel to each other, so that the crests of the first interface 4 and the crests of the second interface 5 are opposite to each other, and the troughs of the first interface 4 and the troughs of the second interface 5 are opposite to each other. This parallel arrangement of the upper and lower corrugated surfaces can make the thickness of the transition layer 2 basically uniform with no obvious difference, which is applicable to the outer area of the curved bridge section. The horizontal force on the transition layer 2 can be evenly distributed at the crests and troughs, which can provide sufficient support while maintaining a certain amount of compression, so that the bridge deck 7 at the curve maintains a sufficient inclination to provide sufficient centripetal force for the turning vehicle.
[0039] Optionally, a plurality of first deformation holes 21 are provided on the transition layer 2. Since the thickness of the transition layer 2 is relatively uniform in the second structure of the self-balancing pad 10, a plurality of first deformation holes 21 can be uniformly opened in the transition layer 2. For areas of the bridge deck 7 subjected to small loads, the pad 10 does not need to provide a large support force. At this time, the transition layer 2 can be allowed to undergo large deformation. Therefore, opening holes in the transition layer 2 can increase the amount of compression deformation of the transition layer 2 under pressure. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this. Whether holes are opened on the transition layer 2, and the location and number of the first deformation holes 21 on the transition layer 2 can also be selected according to actual needs. For example, in areas of the bridge deck 7 subjected to large loads, where the pad 10 needs to provide a large support force, fewer holes or no holes can be opened on the transition layer 2 to improve the support force of the pad 10. The present invention does not make specific limitations in this regard.
[0040] Alternatively, a first bearing rod 22 can also be inserted into the first deformation hole 21 of the transition layer 2 of the second structure of the self-balancing pad 10. The outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 are connected by a first tooth surface 23. If necessary, for example, when the load on the bridge deck 7 is too large and the transition layer 2 cannot provide sufficient support even without holes, a bearing rod can be inserted into the transition layer 2 after holes are made to provide further support. Typically, the bearing rod is a rigid component with a stiffness greater than that of the transition layer 2 material. Furthermore, when the transition layer 2 is subjected to alternating vertical and horizontal loads, the first bearing rod 22... The transition layer 2 between the outer wall and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 is prone to relative slippage, which can weaken the supporting effect of the first bearing rod 22. Therefore, the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 is designed as an internal tooth surface structure, and the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 is designed as an external tooth surface structure that mates with the internal tooth surface of the first deformation hole 21. This allows the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 to be connected by tooth surface mating, which can limit the relative slippage between the outer wall of the first bearing rod 22 and the transition layer 2 of the inner wall of the first deformation hole 21 and maintain the supporting performance of the first bearing rod 22.
[0041] In this embodiment, for either the first or second structure of the self-balancing pad 10, multiple second deformation holes 31 can be formed on the elastic pad 3. The second deformation holes 31 are correspondingly arranged with the second troughs 52. A second bearing rod 32 passes through the second deformation hole 31, and the outer wall of the second bearing rod 32 and the inner wall of the second deformation hole 31 are connected by a second tooth surface 33. Without adjusting the transition layer 2, the support performance and compression deformation of the elastic pad 3 can also be changed by changing the structure of the elastic pad 3. For example, second deformation holes 31 can be formed at the corresponding positions of the second troughs 52 on the elastic pad 3 to increase the compression of the elastic pad 3. The deformation amount is reduced, and a second bearing rod 32 with greater stiffness is inserted in the second deformation hole 31 to improve the support performance of the elastic pad 3. In order to avoid the phenomenon of relative slippage between the outer wall of the second bearing rod 32 and the elastic pad 3 of the inner wall of the second deformation hole 31 under alternating load, which would weaken the support performance of the second bearing rod 32, the outer wall of the second bearing rod 32 and the inner wall of the second deformation hole 31 can be designed as a connection structure through the second tooth surface 33. This can limit the relative slippage between the outer wall of the second bearing rod 32 and the transition layer 2 of the inner wall of the second deformation hole 31, and maintain the support performance of the second bearing rod 32.
[0042] Example 2
[0043] This embodiment provides a bridge structure.
[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the bridge structure described in this embodiment may include multiple bridge decks 7, steel beams 6, and self-balancing pads for the bridge structure as described in Embodiment 1. The steel beams 6, pads 10, and bridge decks 7 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The elastic pad 3 is placed at the bottom of the bridge deck 7, and the rigid pad 1 is placed at the top of the steel beams 6. A joint 71 is formed between two adjacent bridge decks 7. The pads 10 are located on both sides below the joint 71 and close to the joint 71. The pads 10 on both sides below the joint 71 communicate with the joint 71 to form a first casting area 8.
[0045] Specifically, by placing the pads 10 on both sides below the joint 71 between the bridge decks 7, the pads 10 on both sides can connect with the joint 71 to form a first pouring area 8. Pouring concrete in the first pouring area 8 can form a wet joint 71 between two adjacent bridge decks 7, which is used to close the bridge decks 7 together. By placing the pads 10 on both sides close to the joint 71, the main area between the pads 10 on both sides is located directly below the joint 71. During pouring, the concrete vibrating equipment only needs to be inserted into the joint 71 and the area directly below it to operate, which can ensure the pouring quality to the greatest extent. If the traditional pouring method is used, that is, the entire bottom of the bridge deck 7 is poured, firstly, the amount of concrete poured is large and the curing period after pouring is long, and secondly, the vibrating equipment cannot be inserted into the central area under the bridge deck 7 from the joint 71 to operate, which cannot guarantee the pouring quality. Therefore, by setting spacers 10 in the area near joint 71, the amount of concrete poured can be significantly reduced and the pouring quality can be improved.
[0046] A shear keyway 72 is provided on the bridge deck 7, extending through the thickness direction of the bridge deck 7. A pad block 10 is arranged around the area directly below the shear keyway 72 and close to the shear keyway 72. The area surrounded by the pad block 10 is connected to the shear keyway 72 to form a second casting area 9. The second casting area 9 is separated from the first casting area 8.
[0047] Similarly, by setting up spacers 10 around the area directly below the shear keyway 72, a second pouring area 9 can be formed for pouring concrete. The shear keys on the steel beam 6 can be embedded in the concrete to form an integral part of the bridge deck 7. The spacers 10 confine the second pouring area 9 to the shear keyway 72 and the area directly below it. During pouring, the concrete vibrating equipment only needs to extend from above the shear keyway 72 into the area directly below it to operate, maximizing the pouring quality. In contrast, if the traditional pouring method is used, which involves pouring the entire area below the bridge deck 7, firstly, the amount of concrete poured is large, and the curing period is long; secondly, the vibrating equipment cannot extend from the shear keyway 72 into the area below the bridge deck 7 away from it to operate, making it impossible to guarantee pouring quality. Therefore, by setting up spacers 10 in the area near the shear keyway 72, the amount of concrete poured can be significantly reduced while improving the pouring quality.
[0048] In summary, the self-balancing pad for bridge structures of this utility model can be divided into multiple layers in the vertical direction. The bottom rigid pad layer serves as the supporting foundation, providing the main support force for the bridge deck above. The top elastic pad layer can adapt to the height differences at different positions on the bottom of the uneven bridge deck. That is, after the bridge deck is placed on the pad, the bridge deck can compress the elastic pad layer due to its own weight. As the bridge deck ages, it deforms and becomes uneven, sometimes lifting up at the edges or corners. The elastic pad layer corresponding to the pad below at these positions can rebound upwards to adapt to the height changes of the bridge deck at those positions after deformation, thus avoiding gaps between the pad and the bridge deck and maintaining the support of the pad for the bridge deck. In addition, the elastic deformation of the elastic pad layer allows the bridge deck to have a certain range of displacement in the vertical direction. It can act as a buffer when the bridge deck is subjected to alternating loads from vehicles and people above, reducing wear and damage to the bridge deck and extending the service life of the bridge deck structure.
[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A self-balancing pad for bridge structures, characterized in that, The structure includes a rigid pad (1), a transition layer (2), and an elastic pad (3) arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The rigid pad (1) is placed on top of the steel beam (6) in the bridge structure, and the elastic pad (3) is placed on the bottom of the bridge deck (7) in the bridge structure. The elastic pad (3) can undergo elastic deformation when subjected to pressure from the bridge deck (7). A first interface (4) is formed between the rigid pad (1) and the transition layer (2), and a second interface (5) is formed between the transition layer (2) and the elastic pad (3). Both the first interface (4) and the second interface (5) are corrugated surfaces, and the extension direction of the corrugations on the corrugated surface is consistent with the width direction of the bridge structure.
2. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interface (4) includes alternating first peaks (41) and first troughs (42), and the second interface (5) includes alternating second peaks (51) and second troughs (52). The first peaks (41) and the second troughs (52) are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad (10), and the second peaks (51) and the first troughs (42) are arranged correspondingly in the thickness direction of the pad (10).
3. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transition layer (2) has a plurality of first deformation holes (21), which are located between the corresponding second peak (51) and the first valley (42).
4. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first pressure-bearing rod (22) is inserted through the first deformation hole (21), and the outer wall of the first pressure-bearing rod (22) and the inner wall of the first deformation hole (21) are connected by a first tooth surface (23).
5. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first interface (4) includes alternating first peaks (41) and first troughs (42), and the second interface (5) includes alternating second peaks (51) and second troughs (52). The first peak (41) and the second peak (51) are correspondingly arranged in the thickness direction of the pad (10), and the first trough (42) and the second trough (52) are correspondingly arranged in the thickness direction of the pad (10).
6. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transition layer (2) has a plurality of first deformation holes (21).
7. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first pressure-bearing rod (22) is inserted through the first deformation hole (21), and the outer wall of the first pressure-bearing rod (22) and the inner wall of the first deformation hole (21) are connected by a first tooth surface (23).
8. The self-balancing pad for bridge structures according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The elastic pad (3) is provided with a plurality of second deformation holes (31), the second deformation holes (31) are provided corresponding to the second troughs (52), and a second pressure rod (32) is provided in the second deformation hole (31). The outer wall of the second pressure rod (32) and the inner wall of the second deformation hole (31) are connected by a second tooth surface (33).
9. A bridge structure, characterized in that, The bridge deck includes several bridge decks (7), steel beams (6), and self-balancing pads (10) for bridge structures as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. The steel beams (6), the pads (10), and the bridge decks (7) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The elastic pad (3) is placed on the bottom of the bridge deck (7), and the rigid pad (1) is placed on the top of the steel beams (6). A joint (71) is formed between two adjacent bridge decks (7). The pads (10) are located on both sides below the joint (71). The pads (10) on both sides below the joint (71) communicate with the joint (71) to form a first casting area (8).
10. The bridge structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bridge deck (7) is provided with a shear keyway (72) that runs through the thickness direction of the bridge deck (7). The pad (10) is arranged around the area directly below the shear keyway (72). The area surrounded by the pad (10) is connected to the shear keyway (72) to form a second casting area (9). The second casting area (9) is separated from the first casting area (8).