Shield tunneling machine cutter head and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a shield tunneling machine cutterhead and a shield tunneling machine, and belongs to the field of tunnel construction equipment. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead comprises a twisting leg, a main beam and an auxiliary beam, a slag sliding structure is arranged on the rear side of the auxiliary beam and comprises a slag sliding plate and a slag sliding baffle, the slag sliding baffle is perpendicular to the slag sliding plate, and the two ends of the slag sliding baffle extend to the two sides of the slag sliding plate in the thickness direction in an overhanging mode respectively. The front side face of the slag sliding baffle and the two side faces of the slag sliding plate in the thickness direction define two slag sliding channels used for guiding slag stone respectively. The shield tunneling machine comprises the shield tunneling machine cutterhead. The slag sliding baffle and the slag sliding plate are arranged to be of a T-shaped structure, so that one slag sliding structure is provided with two slag sliding channels, the slag discharging requirement of positive and negative rotation of the cutter head can be met, the structure is simple, and the disassembly and assembly efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel construction equipment, and in particular relates to a shield tunneling machine cutterhead and shield tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a specialized piece of equipment used in tunnel construction. The cutterhead, a key component of the TBM, not only performs the excavation function at the tunnel face but also participates in tasks such as face support and stabilization, soil mixing, and soil improvement. When faced with complex geological formations, especially those involving both high-strength hard rock and soft soil, as well as sandy and gravelly or water-rich rock, a single-mode TBM cannot efficiently cope.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN110985027B discloses a multi-mode tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead and TBM. The cutterhead includes a center block, main beam, secondary beam, outer ring, and torsion leg base. Both the main beam and secondary beam are equipped with roller cutters and scrapers. The secondary beam is connected to the main beam via the torsion leg base. A detachable muck chute structure is provided on the rear side of each secondary beam. The muck chute structure is located on both sides of each secondary beam in the circumferential direction of the cutterhead. During TBM-mode tunneling, the muck chute structure scrapes up and guides the muck into the muck hopper at the main drive center. The muck chute structure on both sides of each secondary beam is designed to handle the forward and reverse rotation of the cutterhead. During earth pressure testing (EPP) or slurry tunneling, the muck chute structure will generate additional resistance to the rotation of the cutterhead, therefore it needs to be disassembled.

[0004] The opening ratio of a tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead is a crucial parameter in cutterhead design; a higher opening ratio results in better flowability of the excavated soil. In complex geological formations, excavated soil easily accumulates to form semi-consolidated and consolidated mud cakes. A low cutterhead opening ratio can lead to blockage of the cutterhead openings and the excavation chamber, affecting the normal rolling of the cutters and impacting tunneling efficiency. To address this technical issue, Chinese utility model patent CN217080462U discloses a TBM cutterhead and a TBM machine. This cutterhead features a plate-like sub-beam structure and eliminates the use of rolling cutters on the sub-beams, instead placing all the rolling cutters on the main beam. This effectively reduces the width of the sub-beams, thereby increasing the openings adjacent to the sub-beams on the cutterhead and improving the overall opening ratio of the cutterhead.

[0005] However, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217080462U does not disclose the setting method of the slag chute structure after the sub-beam is set as a plate structure. If the slag chute structure is still set according to the Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN110985027B, the problems are as follows: First, since the sub-beam is set as a plate structure, its width is greatly reduced. If two slag chute structures are configured for the sub-beam, the positions of the two slag chute structures are close and the structure is redundant, resulting in low disassembly and assembly efficiency when switching modes. If only one slag chute structure is configured for the sub-beam, it is impossible to achieve smooth slag discharge in both forward and reverse rotation of the cutterhead. Utility Model Content

[0006] One of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a shield machine cutterhead to solve the technical problem in the prior art that there is no suitable, simple, compact chute structure for the plate-shaped secondary beam that can realize forward and reverse slag discharge of the cutterhead.

[0007] One of the objectives of this invention is to provide a tunnel boring machine to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the tunnel boring machine cutterhead provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) cutterhead includes a torsion leg, a main beam and a secondary beam arranged alternately in the circumferential direction, the torsion leg being located behind the corresponding secondary beam, the secondary beam being a plate beam whose thickness direction is tangent to the circumferential direction of the TBM cutterhead, a muck chute structure being provided behind the secondary beam, the muck chute structure including a muck chute plate and a muck chute baffle, the muck chute plate being installed at the rear end of the secondary beam and located on the outer side of the torsion leg in the radial direction of the TBM cutterhead, the thickness direction of the muck chute plate being tangent to the circumferential direction of the cutterhead, the muck chute baffle being fixedly located at the rear end of the muck chute plate, the muck chute baffle being perpendicular to the muck chute plate, and the two ends of the muck chute baffle being respectively suspended on both sides in the thickness direction of the muck chute plate, the front side of the muck chute baffle and the two sides in the thickness direction of the muck chute plate respectively forming two muck chute channels for guiding the muck.

[0010] As a further improvement, the slag chute structure also includes two guide plates, both of which are connected between the slag chute plate and the torsion leg. The distance between the two guide plates gradually increases from the end connected to the slag chute plate to the end connected to the torsion leg, forming a ramp structure for guiding the slag around the torsion leg.

[0011] As a further improvement, the slag chute structure also includes a fixed seat fixedly installed at the rear end of the sub-beam, and the slag chute plate and the fixed seat are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners.

[0012] As a further improvement, the fixing seat includes a base and a reinforcing part. The base is connected to the rear end of the sub-beam, and the length direction of the base is in the same direction as the length direction of the sub-beam. The reinforcing part protrudes rearward from the rear end of the base and is provided with at least one.

[0013] As a further improvement, the slag chute baffle includes a straight baffle and an inclined baffle, with the inclined baffle located between the straight baffle and the torsion leg, and the end of the inclined baffle near the torsion leg tilting backward.

[0014] As a further improvement, the torsion leg is equipped with a slag guide structure on the inner side of the shield machine cutterhead in the radial direction for tilting and guiding the slag backward.

[0015] As a further improvement, the slag guide structure includes a slag guide base and a slag guide inclined plate set on the front side of the slag guide base. The slag guide base is the same width as the torsion leg. The two ends of the slag guide inclined plate are respectively suspended on both sides of the slag guide base in the circumferential direction of the shield machine cutterhead. The end of the slag guide inclined plate facing the center of the shield machine cutterhead is inclined backward.

[0016] As a further improvement, a connecting beam is provided between the secondary beam and the main beam. The connecting beam is plate-shaped, and its rear end is inclined towards the center of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead.

[0017] The beneficial effects are as follows: The shield machine cutterhead provided by this utility model is an improvement on the existing technology. Only one chute structure is set on the rear side of the secondary beam in the shield machine cutterhead. The two ends of the chute baffle in this chute structure extend outwards along the thickness direction of the chute plate, so that the front side of the chute baffle and the two sides along the thickness direction of the chute plate respectively form two chute channels for guiding the slag, thereby enabling the cutterhead to discharge slag in both forward and reverse directions. Furthermore, the chute structure is simple and compact, facilitating quick assembly and disassembly during mode switching.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution for the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0019] A tunnel boring machine (TBM) includes a cutterhead and a front shield. The cutterhead includes a torsion leg, a main beam, and a secondary beam arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. The torsion leg is located behind the corresponding secondary beam. The secondary beam is a plate beam whose thickness direction is tangent to the circumferential direction of the TBM cutterhead. A muck chute structure is provided behind the secondary beam. The muck chute structure includes a muck chute plate and a muck chute baffle. The muck chute plate is installed at the rear end of the secondary beam and is located on the outer side of the torsion leg in the radial direction of the TBM cutterhead. The thickness direction of the muck chute plate is tangent to the circumferential direction of the cutterhead. The muck chute baffle is fixedly located at the rear end of the muck chute plate. The muck chute baffle is perpendicular to the muck chute plate, and its two ends are respectively suspended on both sides of the muck chute plate in the thickness direction. The front side of the muck chute baffle and the two sides of the muck chute plate in the thickness direction respectively form two muck chute channels for guiding the muck.

[0020] As a further improvement, the slag chute structure also includes two guide plates, both of which are connected between the slag chute plate and the torsion leg. The distance between the two guide plates gradually increases from the end connected to the slag chute plate to the end connected to the torsion leg, forming a ramp structure for guiding the slag around the torsion leg.

[0021] As a further improvement, the slag chute structure also includes a fixed seat fixedly installed at the rear end of the sub-beam, and the slag chute plate and the fixed seat are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners.

[0022] As a further improvement, the fixing seat includes a base and a reinforcing part. The base is connected to the rear end of the sub-beam, and the length direction of the base is in the same direction as the length direction of the sub-beam. The reinforcing part protrudes rearward from the rear end of the base and is provided with at least one.

[0023] As a further improvement, the slag chute baffle includes a straight baffle and an inclined baffle, with the inclined baffle located between the straight baffle and the torsion leg, and the end of the inclined baffle near the torsion leg tilting backward.

[0024] As a further improvement, the torsion leg is equipped with a slag guide structure on the inner side of the shield machine cutterhead in the radial direction for tilting and guiding the slag backward.

[0025] As a further improvement, the slag guide structure includes a slag guide base and a slag guide inclined plate set on the front side of the slag guide base. The slag guide base is the same width as the torsion leg. The two ends of the slag guide inclined plate are respectively suspended on both sides of the slag guide base in the circumferential direction of the shield machine cutterhead. The end of the slag guide inclined plate facing the center of the shield machine cutterhead is inclined backward.

[0026] As a further improvement, a connecting beam is provided between the secondary beam and the main beam. The connecting beam is plate-shaped, and its rear end is inclined towards the center of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead.

[0027] As a further improvement, the front bulkhead of the front shield is equipped with a nozzle for spraying water forward, and a detachable sealing element is installed on the nozzle.

[0028] The beneficial effects are as follows: The tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model is an improvement on the existing technology. The tunnel boring machine has only one chute structure on the rear side of the secondary beam of the cutterhead. The two ends of the chute baffle in this chute structure extend over the two sides in the thickness direction of the chute plate, so that the front side of the chute baffle and the two sides in the thickness direction of the chute plate respectively form two chute channels for guiding the slag, thereby enabling the cutterhead to discharge slag in both forward and reverse directions. Furthermore, the chute structure is simple and compact, facilitating quick assembly and disassembly during mode switching. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine in this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cutterhead in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cutterhead in TBM mode in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the cutterhead in the earth pressure or slurry mode of Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slag chute structure in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the slag chute structure from another perspective in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the split cutterhead in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated cutterhead in Embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine in this utility model.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1. Cutterhead; 11. Center block; 12. Main beam; 13. Secondary beam; 14. Slag chute structure; 141. Fixed seat; 1411. Base; 1412. Reinforcing part; 142. Slag chute plate; 143. Slag chute baffle; 144. Slag chute scraper; 145. Guide plate; 15. Slag guiding structure; 151. Slag guiding base; 152. Slag guiding inclined plate; 16. First connecting seat; 17. Second connecting seat; 18. Ring beam; 19. Torque leg base; 110. Torque leg; 111. Flange; 112. Connecting beam; 113. Roller cutter; 114. Scraper; 115. Cutter box side plate; 116. Process connecting plate; 2. Front shield; 3. Excavation chamber; 4. Nozzle; 5. U-shaped beam. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0041] To address the problems in the existing technology, the basic concept of this utility model is to set the slag baffle and slag plate into a T-shaped structure, so that a slag chute structure has two slag chute channels, which can meet the slag discharge requirements of the cutterhead in both forward and reverse rotation, and the structure is simple and the disassembly and assembly efficiency is higher.

[0042] Specific embodiment 1 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0043] A tunnel boring machine, see appendix Figure 1 It includes a cutterhead 1 and a front shield 2 located behind the cutterhead 1, with an excavation chamber 3 formed between the cutterhead 1 and the front shield 2. See appendix. Figure 2 and attached Figure 3The cutterhead 1 includes a central block 11, a main beam 12, a secondary beam 13, a ring beam 18, a torsion leg base 19, a torsion leg 110, and a flange 111. In this invention, the tunneling direction of the cutterhead 1 is taken as the front, and the axial direction of the cutterhead 1 is the same as the front-back direction.

[0044] The center block 11 is located at the center of the cutter head 1. The main beams 12 are arranged circumferentially along the cutter head 1 and are radially connected to the center block 11. The ends of the main beams 12 are bifurcated. Secondary beams 13 are arranged alternately with the main beams 12 in the circumferential direction. The secondary beams 13 are plate beams, and their thickness direction is tangent to the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1. A ring beam 18 is located at the edge of the cutter head 1 and is fixedly connected to the ends of each main beam 12 and secondary beam 13 furthest from the center of the cutter head 1.

[0045] The end of the secondary beam 13 facing the center of the cutterhead 1 is fixedly connected to the torsion leg base 19. At the same time, the torsion leg base 19 is also fixedly connected to the main beam 12, thereby connecting the main beam 12, the secondary beam 13, and the torsion leg base 19 into one unit. The flange 111 is located behind the torsion leg base 19, and the torsion leg 110 is obliquely connected between the torsion leg base 19 and the flange 111.

[0046] Because the secondary beam 13 is a plate beam, it occupies a smaller area on the front face of the cutter head 1. While keeping the dimensions of the main beam 12 unchanged, the distance between the secondary beam 13 and the main beam 12 is increased, thus increasing the opening area of ​​the cutter head 1. However, plate beams have lower structural strength. To prevent deformation of the secondary beam 13, a connecting beam 112 is provided between the secondary beam 13 and the main beam 12 to improve the deformation resistance of the secondary beam 13. (See appendix) Figure 6 The connecting beam 112 is also a plate-shaped structure, and the rear end of the connecting beam 112 is inclined towards the center of the cutter head 1 to avoid the accumulation of slag on the connecting beam 112, so as to facilitate the flow of slag to the rear of the cutter head 1 and improve the slag discharge efficiency.

[0047] Since the width of the secondary beam 13 is greatly reduced after adopting a plate beam, it is no longer suitable to install the roller cutter 113. In this embodiment, all the roller cutters 113 are installed on the main beam 12 and the center block 11. Only the scraper 114 or scraper plate is installed on the secondary beam 13, and the scraper 114 or scraper plate is only set on the main beam 12 at the position near the center of the cutter head 1.

[0048] A chute structure 14 is provided on the rear side of the secondary beam 13. This chute structure 14 is only installed in TBM mode. In slurry or earth pressure shield tunneling mode, the main body of the chute structure 14 needs to be removed.

[0049] See appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6The slag chute structure 14 includes a fixed base 141, a slag chute plate 142, a slag chute baffle 143, and a slag chute scraper 144. The fixed base 141 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the sub-beam 13 by welding. The slag chute plate 142 is detachably fixedly installed on the fixed base 141 by fasteners. The slag chute baffle 143 is fixedly connected to the rear end of the slag chute plate 142 by welding. The slag chute scraper 144 is installed on the end of the slag chute plate 142 away from the torsion leg 110 structure by a scraper seat.

[0050] The fasteners used to connect the chute 142 and the fixed seat 141 are specifically bolts and nuts. The advantage of using fasteners to connect the chute 142 and the fixed seat 141 is that it can reduce the amount of welding in the tunnel and reduce the construction risks caused by welding.

[0051] The fixing seat 141 includes a base 1411 and a reinforcing part 1412. The base 1411 is fixedly connected to the sub-beam 13. The reinforcing part 1412 is located behind the base 1411 and protrudes rearward from the base 1411. The reinforcing part 1412 is used to locally reinforce the slag chute 142 to prevent deformation of the slag chute 142. The fixing seat 141 is provided with through holes for fasteners to pass through. The through holes are distributed on both the base 1411 and the reinforcing part 1412.

[0052] The thickness direction of the chute plate 142 is tangent to the circumferential direction of the cutterhead 1. The chute baffle 143 is perpendicular to the chute plate 142, and the two ends of the chute baffle 143 extend from the circumferential direction of the cutterhead 1 onto the two sides of the chute plate 142 on the thickness direction, making the cross-section of the chute baffle 143 and the chute plate 142 T-shaped. The front side of the chute baffle 143 and the two sides of the chute plate 142 on the thickness direction form two chute channels for guiding the slag. The two chute channels face opposite directions and are respectively suitable for forward and reverse excavation of the cutterhead 1. During the process of the cutterhead 1 rotating and excavating in one direction, only one of the chute channels is used for slag removal.

[0053] The slag chute structure 14 also includes guide plates 145. There are two guide plates 145, both located between the slag chute plate 142 and the torsion leg 110. Both guide plates 145 are inclined. Specifically, the ends of the two guide plates 145 connected to the slag chute plate 142 are arranged close to each other. The distance between the two guide plates 145 gradually increases from the end connected to the slag chute plate 142 to the end connected to the torsion leg 110 to form a slope structure for guiding slag around the torsion leg 110.

[0054] Because the width of the chute 142 is smaller than the width of its corresponding torsion leg 110, without the guide plate 145, a stepped structure would be formed between the torsion leg 110 and the corresponding chute 142. During the slag discharge process, the slag and rock falling down the chute 142 would easily fall onto the stepped structure and not be able to directly enter the slag receiving hopper. The slag and rock on the stepped structure would fall back into the excavation chamber 3 as the cutterhead 1 rotates, requiring multiple scrapings to discharge, which seriously affects the slag discharge efficiency. Setting the guide plate 145 can prevent the chute 142 and the torsion leg 110 from forming a stepped structure. After the slag and rock slide down the chute 142 to the guide plate 145, they can pass over the torsion leg 110 under the guidance of the guide plate 145, thus avoiding being stuck on the stepped structure between the torsion leg 110 and the chute 142, ensuring efficient slag discharge.

[0055] The slag and rock scraped up by the slag chute 14 slides along the slag chute 142 toward the center of the cutterhead 1. During the tunneling process in TBM mode, the excavation chamber 3 is equipped with a slag receiving hopper for collecting slag and rock. The slag and rock entering the slag receiving hopper eventually fall onto the conveyor belt. There is a certain gap between the slag receiving hopper and the cutterhead 1, so the slag and rock need to be offset backward a certain amount before sliding along the slag chute 142 to the slag receiving hopper to ensure that all the slag and rock can enter the slag receiving hopper. To achieve this purpose, the cutterhead 1 in this embodiment is equipped with a slag guiding structure 15 on the torsion leg 110 to guide the slag and rock tilt backward.

[0056] The slag guiding structure 15 includes a slag guiding base 151 disposed radially inside the torsion leg 110 and a slag guiding inclined plate 152 disposed in front of the slag guiding base 151. The slag guiding base 151 is a box-shaped structure and has the same width as the torsion leg 110. The two ends of the slag guiding inclined plate 152 in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1 are respectively suspended on both sides of the slag guiding base 151 in the circumferential direction of the cutter head 1. The end of the slag guiding inclined plate 152 facing the center of the cutter head 1 is inclined backward.

[0057] The torsion leg 110 is provided with connecting seats on both the inner and outer radial sides of the cutterhead 1. The outer connecting seat is the first connecting seat 16 for connecting with the guide plate 145, and the inner connecting seat is the second connecting seat 17 for connecting with the slag guiding structure 15. When dismantling the slag chute structure 14 and the slag guiding structure 15, only their main parts, namely the slag chute plate 142 and the slag chute baffle 143, are removed. The fixing seat 141 and the connecting seat do not need to be removed.

[0058] In this embodiment, the slag chute baffle 143 includes a straight baffle and an inclined baffle. The inclined baffle is located between the straight baffle and the corresponding torsion leg 110 of the torsion leg 110 structure. The end of the inclined baffle near the torsion leg 110 is inclined backward. The inclined baffle can cooperate with the slag guiding inclined plate 152 in the slag guiding structure 15 to form a channel that guides the slag backward.

[0059] See appendix Figure 3 Appendix Figure 5and attached Figure 6 During the TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunneling process, the cutterhead 1 rotates and breaks the rock, with the excavated rock flowing from the openings on the cutterhead 1 to the rear. As the cutterhead 1 rotates, the chaff scraper 144, which rotates to the bottom of the cutterhead 1, scrapes up the excavated rock behind the cutterhead 1 and carries it upwards using the chaff chaff plate 142. When the chaff scraper 144 carries the excavated rock upwards to a position near the top of the cutterhead 1, the end of the chaff scraper 144 near the torsion leg 110 tilts downwards, and the excavated rock begins to slide downwards along the chaff scraper 144. When the chaff scraper 144 rotates with the cutterhead 1 to a near-vertical position, the excavated rock slides downwards to the chaff guide structure 15 and, guided by the chaff guide structure 15, shifts backwards, falls into the chaff receiving hopper, and finally falls onto the conveyor belt for rearward transport.

[0060] The muck chute structure 14 located behind the single sub-beam 13 has two muck chute channels. When the cutterhead 1 rotates forward, only one muck chute channel is used, and when the cutterhead 1 rotates in reverse, the other muck chute channel is used. During the tunneling process, in order to avoid the tunnel boring machine from rolling over, the cutterhead 1 generally needs to rotate forward and in reverse alternately. The muck chute structure 14 in this embodiment can meet the needs of the cutterhead 1 for both forward and reverse rotation.

[0061] See appendix Figure 4 Before tunneling in slurry or earth pressure mode, the main parts of the chute structure 14 and the guide structure 15 need to be dismantled to reduce the resistance on the cutterhead 1. At the same time, a U-shaped beam 5 needs to be installed on the rear side of the cutterhead 1 to facilitate the arrangement of pipelines.

[0062] In this tunneling machine, the secondary beam 13 of the cutterhead 1 only needs to be equipped with one chute structure 14 to meet the chute discharge requirements of both forward and reverse rotation of the cutterhead 1. Compared with existing technologies, its structure is simpler, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the chute structure 14 and simplifies the assembly and disassembly steps, thus improving the efficiency of the assembly and disassembly. Moreover, the guide plate 145 guides the chute, allowing it to smoothly bypass the torsion leg 110 and slide downwards, ensuring efficient chute discharge.

[0063] In addition, in this embodiment, the main beam 12 of the cutterhead 1 is equipped with such as Figure 7 The split-type tool box shown includes a tool box side plate 115 and a process connecting plate 116. By replacing the process connecting plate 116 with different lengths, the distance between the two tool box side plates 115 can be changed, thereby accommodating hobs 113 with different tool shaft lengths and improving the versatility of the tool box. In other embodiments, the tool box can also be as follows: Figure 8 The integrated toolbox shown.

[0064] Specific embodiment 2 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0065] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is as follows (see Appendix). Figure 9 In this embodiment, a nozzle 4 is provided on the front partition of the front shield 2. The nozzle 4 is used to spray water forward in TBM mode, which can remove dust on the one hand and cool down the cutter on the cutter head 1 on the other hand.

[0066] The nozzle 4 installed on the front bulkhead is used in TBM mode. In earth pressure or slurry shield mode, the nozzle 4 needs to be removed or sealed with a sealing component to prevent the nozzle 4 from being blocked by slag. In TBM mode, the sealing component is then removed from the nozzle 4.

[0067] For the cutterhead of a dual-mode earth pressure TBM, in earth pressure shield mode, water or soil conditioner needs to be sprayed onto the tunnel face. Therefore, the cutterhead 1 is equipped with a delivery pipe for water or soil conditioner. The delivery pipe is fixed to the cutterhead 1, and the end of the delivery pipe is connected to a nozzle. The beginning of the delivery pipe is located at the center of the cutterhead 1 and needs to be connected to the rotary joint via a pipeline. A U-shaped beam 5 is generally installed on the rear side of the cutterhead 1. The pipeline connecting the delivery pipe and the rotary joint is set inside the U-shaped beam 5, which provides protection for the pipeline inside.

[0068] In TBM mode, the U-beam 5 needs to be disassembled to allow for the installation of a slag hopper at that location. If water cooling is required for the cutters on the cutterhead 1, a small rotary joint needs to be installed on the cutterhead 1 to supply cooling water to the beginning of the conveying pipe. Additionally, the nozzle at the end of the conveying pipe needs to be replaced with a dedicated nozzle. This results in a large workload for disassembling and assembling parts during mode conversion, and makes it inconvenient to transport materials back and forth inside the tunnel boring machine. The small rotary joint increases the amount of material transported back and forth, affecting the efficiency of mode conversion.

[0069] In this embodiment, since nozzles 4 are installed on the front shield 2 partition, when converting from earth pressure shield mode to TBM mode, it is only necessary to remove the U-shaped beam 5 and the original nozzles, and then seal both ends of the delivery pipeline. This reduces the amount of disassembly and assembly of parts for mode conversion and improves the efficiency of mode conversion.

[0070] In addition, in TBM mode, the nozzles 4 on the front shield 2 partition are used to cool the cutter, which can prevent the presence of pipelines passing through the excavation chamber 3 from the front and back, thus avoiding the problem of slag falling and damaging the pipelines.

[0071] For the slurry-water TBM dual-mode cutterhead, since neither the slurry mode nor the TBM mode requires spraying water or soil conditioner onto the working face, there is no need to install water or soil conditioner delivery pipes on the cutterhead, nor is there a need to install a U-shaped beam, so the above-mentioned problems will not occur.

[0072] Specific embodiment 3 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0073] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but differs in that no guide plate is provided in this embodiment. The end of the chute plate closest to the corresponding torsion leg is directly fixedly connected to the corresponding torsion leg. Because no guide plate is provided in this embodiment, the slag is more likely to fall onto the torsion leg in TBM mode, and the slag can be discharged by multiple rotations of the cutterhead.

[0074] Specific embodiment 4 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0075] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the chute plate is directly welded to the rear end of the sub-beam. When switching from TBM mode to earth pressure or slurry shield mode, the chute plate is cut off from the sub-beam.

[0076] Specific embodiment 5 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0077] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the fixing seat in this embodiment only includes the base and no reinforcing part is provided on the fixing seat.

[0078] Specific embodiment 6 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0079] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the slag chute baffle in this embodiment only includes a straight baffle.

[0080] Specific embodiment 7 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0081] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but the difference is that no slag guiding structure is provided in this embodiment.

[0082] Specific embodiment 8 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0083] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1. The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the slag guiding structure in this embodiment only includes a slag guiding inclined plate. The slag guiding inclined plate is directly welded and fixed to the torsion leg. The slag guiding inclined plate has less resistance to the slag and soil. When the TBM mode is converted to earth pressure or slurry shield mode, the slag guiding inclined plate does not need to be removed.

[0084] Specific embodiment 9 of the tunnel boring machine provided by this utility model:

[0085] This embodiment is based on Embodiment 1, but differs from Embodiment 1 in that the thickness direction of the connecting beam in this embodiment is perpendicular to the radial direction.

[0086] Specific embodiments of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead provided by this utility model:

[0087] The cutterhead of the tunnel boring machine is any one of the cutterheads in the specific embodiments 1-9 of the tunnel boring machine mentioned above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A shield tunneling machine cutterhead, comprising torsion legs, main beams and secondary beams arranged alternately in a circumferential direction, the torsion legs being located on the rear side of the corresponding secondary beams, the secondary beams being plate beams whose thickness direction is tangent to the circumferential direction of the shield tunneling machine cutterhead, and a muck chute structure being provided on the rear side of the secondary beams, characterized in that, The chute structure includes a chute plate and a chute baffle. The chute plate is installed at the rear end of the sub-beam and is located on the outer side of the torsion leg in the radial direction of the shield machine cutterhead. The thickness direction of the chute plate is tangent to the circumferential direction of the cutterhead. The chute baffle is fixedly installed at the rear end of the chute plate. The chute baffle is perpendicular to the chute plate and its two ends are respectively overhanging on both sides in the thickness direction of the chute plate. The front side of the chute baffle and the two sides in the thickness direction of the chute plate form two chute channels for guiding the slag.

2. The shield tunneling machine cutterhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag chute structure also includes two guide plates, which are connected between the slag chute plate and the torsion leg. The distance between the two guide plates gradually increases from the end connected to the slag chute plate to the end connected to the torsion leg, forming a slope structure for guiding the slag and stone around the torsion leg.

3. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The slag chute structure also includes a fixed seat fixedly installed at the rear end of the sub-beam, and the slag chute plate and the fixed seat are detachably fixedly connected by fasteners.

4. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing seat includes a base and a reinforcing part. The base is connected to the rear end of the sub-beam, and the length direction of the base is in the same direction as the length direction of the sub-beam. The reinforcing part protrudes rearward from the rear end of the base and is provided with at least one.

5. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The slag chute baffle includes a straight baffle and an inclined baffle. The inclined baffle is located between the straight baffle and the twisting leg, and the end of the inclined baffle near the twisting leg is tilted backward.

6. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The torsion leg is equipped with a slag guide structure on the inner side of the shield machine cutterhead in the radial direction to guide the slag backward at an angle.

7. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slag guide structure includes a slag guide base and a slag guide inclined plate set on the front side of the slag guide base. The slag guide base is the same width as the torsion leg. The two ends of the slag guide inclined plate are respectively suspended on both sides of the slag guide base in the circumferential direction of the shield machine cutterhead. The end of the slag guide inclined plate facing the center of the shield machine cutterhead is inclined backward.

8. The tunnel boring machine cutterhead according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A connecting beam is provided between the secondary beam and the main beam. The connecting beam is plate-shaped, and its rear end is inclined towards the center of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead.

9. A tunnel boring machine, comprising a cutterhead and a front shield, characterized in that, The cutterhead is the tunnel boring machine cutterhead as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The tunnel boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The front bulkhead of the front shield is equipped with a nozzle for spraying water forward, and a detachable sealing component is installed on the nozzle.

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