Kitchen waste incineration treatment device
By screening and drying kitchen waste, and using high-temperature flue gas for combustion and dry desulfurization tower treatment, the problem of kitchen waste being difficult to ignite has been solved, achieving efficient combustion and low-cost environmentally friendly incineration.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423188505.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-24
AI Technical Summary
Kitchen waste has a high water content and low calorific value, making it difficult to ignite in ordinary municipal solid waste incinerators. Furthermore, existing technologies have not been able to effectively reduce the difficulty of combustion and the generation of nitrogen oxides, resulting in high processing costs.
The waste pretreatment module is used to screen and dry kitchen waste. Combined with high-temperature flue gas combustion and dry desulfurization tower treatment, the dried waste is sent into the incinerator through a screw conveyor. The primary and secondary baffles in the air chamber form a high-temperature and low-oxygen gas mixture. Combined with the treatment of flue gas by the sodium bicarbonate dry desulfurization tower, the formation of nitrogen oxides is reduced.
It achieves efficient combustion of kitchen waste, reduces combustion difficulty and nitrogen oxide generation, saves processing costs, and improves combustion efficiency and environmental friendliness.
Smart Images
Figure CN223840374U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of kitchen waste incineration technology, specifically a kitchen waste incineration treatment device. Background Technology
[0002] The composition of municipal solid waste fluctuates considerably due to seasonal and regional influences, but its overall composition remains relatively stable, primarily consisting of rubber, paper, plastics, food waste, and biomass waste. It has a low average moisture content and high calorific value. Therefore, incineration has become a widely used method for treating municipal solid waste.
[0003] Because kitchen waste has a much higher water content than general municipal solid waste, it has a low calorific value and is difficult to ignite. Ordinary municipal solid waste incinerators are no longer suitable for it, and there is an urgent need to develop an environmentally friendly and energy-saving technology that can burn kitchen waste without increasing processing costs. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology described above by providing a kitchen waste incineration treatment device, which is specifically designed for kitchen waste treatment, reduces the difficulty of combustion, saves solid waste treatment costs, and reduces the generation of nitrogen oxides.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a kitchen waste incineration treatment device, including a waste pretreatment module, a waste incinerator, a dry desulfurization tower, a dust collector, and a chimney. The waste pretreatment module is connected to the waste incinerator via a screw conveyor to introduce the screened and dried waste into the waste incinerator for combustion. The flue gas emission pipe of the waste incinerator is connected to the dry desulfurization tower, the outlet of the dry desulfurization tower is connected to the inlet of the dust collector, and the outlet of the dust collector is connected to the chimney. The waste pretreatment module includes a waste sorting unit, a drying unit, and an organic treatment unit. The sorting unit is connected to the drying unit. The waste sorting unit includes a waste storage bin and a sorting device, and the waste storage bin is connected to the sorting device. The sorting device is connected to the processing unit. The processing unit is equipped with an oil pipeline connected to the external transportation module and a liquid pipeline connected to the sewage treatment pond. The organic waste residue outlet of the processing unit is connected to the organic processing unit through an organic waste residue conveying pipe. The organic processing unit includes an anaerobic digester. The organic waste residue conveying pipe is connected to the material inlet of the anaerobic digester, and the biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester is connected to the combustion mixing device through a conveying pipe.
[0006] The chimney is equipped with a branch pipe that connects to the air chamber of the drying unit via a second fan; the exhaust port of the drying chamber is connected to the furnace of the waste incinerator via a third fan.
[0007] The combustion mixing device includes a combustion mixing chamber and a burner disposed on the inner side wall of the combustion mixing chamber. The biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner through a delivery pipe.
[0008] The exhaust duct of the waste incinerator is provided with a branch pipe connected to the inlet of the recirculation fan, and the outlet of the recirculation fan is connected to each air chamber installed on the waste incinerator.
[0009] The waste incinerator has several air chambers arranged in the lower part of the furnace. Each air chamber is equipped with a recirculated flue gas inlet, a primary air inlet, a primary baffle, and a secondary baffle. The primary baffle is located in the middle of the air chamber cavity and above the recirculated flue gas inlet. The primary air inlet is located on the bottom wall of the air chamber between the primary baffle and the secondary baffle.
[0010] A channel is formed between the primary baffle and the inner wall of the air chamber.
[0011] The edge of the primary baffle has a downward-bent section, which folds back and mixes the incoming circulating flue gas before it overflows from the channel, causing the circulating flue gas to form a fragmented flow after impacting the primary baffle. The primary baffle is installed at 1 / 2 height of the air chamber, with a width that is 1 / 2 the width of the air chamber at the same height, a downward tilt angle of 30-60 degrees, and a height from the bottom that is 1 / 4 of the total height of the air chamber.
[0012] The secondary baffle is installed on the side wall of the air chamber above the primary baffle, and a mixed gas channel is formed in the middle of the secondary baffle, which communicates with the furnace. The secondary baffle is installed at 3 / 4 of the height of the air chamber and is divided into two parts, left and right, each with a width of 1 / 4 of the width of the air chamber at the same height.
[0013] The dry desulfurization tower includes a tower body and several tangential nozzles disposed on the side of the tower body. The tangential nozzles are connected to an ejector. The high-pressure inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the air compressor. The ejector inlet is connected to a powder silo through a pipe. The powder silo contains baking soda powder.
[0014] The tangential nozzle is 60-80% of the total height from the bottom of the desulfurization tower; there are 6-12 tangential nozzles with an inclination angle of 30-60 degrees.
[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: When the kitchen waste processed by the pretreatment module is input into the furnace, 10% of the total high-temperature flue gas is introduced and extracted in the flue and mixed with the primary air in the air box. The temperature is high, the oxygen content is low, the combustion is strong, and the amount of nitrogen oxides generated is low. The high-temperature flue gas can increase the temperature of the primary air, reduce the amount of primary air heating steam used, and reduce energy consumption. The air chamber is equipped with primary baffles and secondary baffles. After the recirculated flue gas hits the primary baffle, it forms a broken flow and is uniformly mixed with the primary air in the space between the primary and secondary baffles to form a high-temperature, low-oxygen gas. A sodium bicarbonate dry desulfurization tower is installed in the tail flue. The fly ash content in the desulfurized flue gas is low, saving the cost of hazardous waste (fly ash produced by the waste incinerator) treatment. Attached Figure Description
[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an environmentally friendly emission system for a waste incinerator according to the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of part AA. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0021] A kitchen waste incineration treatment device, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a waste pretreatment module, a waste incinerator 1, a high-temperature heat exchanger 2, a low-temperature heat exchanger 3, a dry desulfurization tower 4, a dust collector 9, and a chimney 8. The waste pretreatment module is connected to the waste incinerator 1 via a screw conveyor 33, which feeds the screened and dried waste into the waste incinerator 1 for combustion. The flue gas exhaust pipe of the waste incinerator 1 is connected to the dry desulfurization tower 4, the outlet of the dry desulfurization tower 4 is connected to the inlet of the dust collector 9, and the outlet of the dust collector 9 is connected to the chimney 8 to discharge the purified exhaust gas. The high-temperature heat exchanger 2 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 3 are sequentially installed on the flue gas pipeline between the waste incinerator 1 and the dry desulfurization tower 4. A branch recirculation pipe is installed on the pipeline between the high-temperature heat exchanger 2 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 3, connecting to the inlet of the recirculation fan 10. The outlet of the recirculation fan 10 is connected to each air chamber 12 installed on the waste incinerator 1. High-temperature flue gas, accounting for 10% of the total flue gas volume, is mixed with primary air in the air chamber 12 before entering the furnace to aid combustion, resulting in high furnace temperature, low oxygen content, intense combustion, and reduced nitrogen oxide generation. Cold water passes through the low-temperature heat exchanger 3 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 2 sequentially through the pipeline, and is gradually heated to form steam for other uses.
[0022] The waste incinerator 1 has several air chambers 12 arranged in the lower part of the furnace. Each air chamber 12 is equipped with a recirculated flue gas inlet and a primary air inlet. High-temperature flue gas, accounting for 10% of the total volume, mixes with the primary air in the air chamber 12 and is then introduced into the furnace for combustion. Each air chamber 12 is equipped with a primary baffle 15 and a secondary baffle 13. The primary baffle 15 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the air chamber 12 and above the recirculated flue gas inlet. A channel 14 is formed between the primary baffle 15 and the inner wall of the air chamber 12. Preferably, the edge of the primary baffle 15 has a downward-bent bend, which deflects and mixes the incoming recirculated flue gas before it overflows from the channel 14, causing the recirculated flue gas to impact the primary baffle 15 and form a fragmented flow, promoting a more uniform mixing of the combustion-supporting mixture. The secondary baffle 13 is located on the side wall of the air chamber 12 above the primary baffle 15, and a mixing gas channel is formed in the middle of the secondary baffle 13, communicating with the furnace. The primary air inlet is located on the bottom wall of the air chamber between the primary baffle 15 and the secondary baffle 13. The primary baffle 15 and secondary baffle 13 installed inside the air chamber 12 allow recirculated flue gas to collide with the primary baffle 15 and mix uniformly with the primary air in the space between the primary baffle 15 and the secondary baffle 13, forming a high-temperature, low-oxygen gas. The primary baffle 15 is installed at half the height of the air chamber 12, with a width half the width of the air chamber at the same height, a downward tilt angle of 30-60 degrees, and a height from the bottom of the air chamber that is 1 / 4 of its total height. The secondary baffle 13 is installed at three-quarters the height of the air chamber 12, divided into left and right sections, each with a width 1 / 4 the width of the air chamber at the same height.
[0023] The waste pretreatment module is connected to the waste incinerator 1 via a screw conveyor 33, which feeds the screened and dried waste into the incinerator 1 for combustion. The waste pretreatment module includes a waste sorting unit, a drying unit, and an organic processing unit. The waste sorting unit separates kitchen waste into large wet materials and fine materials such as leachate. The waste sorting unit is connected to the drying unit, where large wet materials are dried in the drying chamber 27 of the drying device 30 before being fed into the waste incinerator 1 for combustion. The waste sorting unit includes a waste storage bin 26 and a sorting device 25. The waste storage bin 26 is connected to the sorting device 25, where collected waste is sorted. The sorting device 25 can be a centrifugal separator. The sorting device 25 is connected to the processing unit 20, where the sorted leachate and other fine materials are fed into the processing unit 20 for oil-water separation. The processing unit 20 is an oil-water separator, equipped with an oil delivery pipe 23 connected to an external transport module 24, which can be an oil storage tank. The processing unit 20 is also equipped with a liquid delivery pipe 21 connected to a wastewater treatment tank 22, which stores the separated wastewater for later treatment.
[0024] The organic waste residue outlet of the treatment unit 20 is connected to the organic treatment unit via an organic waste residue conveying pipe 19, allowing the organic waste residue to be fed into the organic treatment unit for processing. The organic treatment unit includes an anaerobic digester 18, with the organic waste residue conveying pipe 19 connected to the material inlet of the anaerobic digester 18. The biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester 18 is connected to a combustion mixing device via a conveying pipe, used to burn the generated biogas to heat the air.
[0025] The drying unit 30 includes a drying chamber 27 and an air chamber 29 located at the lower part of the drying chamber 27. The air chamber 29 is provided with ventilation holes and connected to the drying chamber 27, allowing hot air from the air chamber 29 to be introduced into the drying chamber 27 to dry the waste. Preferably, an air cap 28 is provided on the ventilation holes to prevent clogging and to achieve better drying effect.
[0026] Preferably, the chimney 8 is provided with a branch pipe connected to the air chamber 29 of the drying unit 30 via a second fan 34, for using a portion of the flue gas with a temperature up to 150°C to dry the material in the drying chamber 27. The exhaust port of the drying chamber 27 is connected to the furnace of the waste incinerator 1 via a third fan 31, allowing the hot exhaust gas from the drying chamber 27 to be directly fed into the waste incinerator 1 for combustion, heat release, and purification, effectively reducing NOx generation. Since the amount of exhaust gas is small, this portion of humid heat exhaust will not affect the temperature inside the furnace. Preferably, the combustion mixing device includes a combustion mixing chamber 16 and a burner 17 disposed on the inner side wall of the combustion mixing chamber 16. The biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester 18 is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner 17 via a conveying pipe. The biogas produced in the anaerobic digester 18 is burned by the burner 17, and the 150°C flue gas introduced into the combustion mixing chamber 16 is heated to 300°C before being introduced into the drying unit 30 to dry the material to be dried.
[0027] The dry desulfurization tower 4, as described Figure 2 As shown, the dry desulfurization tower 4 includes a tower body and several tangential nozzles 41 arranged on the side of the tower body. The tangential nozzles are connected to an ejector 5, the high-pressure inlet of which is connected to the outlet of an air compressor 7. The ejector inlet of the ejector 5 is connected to a powder silo 6 via a pipe, and the powder silo 6 contains baking soda powder. Preferably, there are 10 tangential nozzles 41, with an inclination angle of 45 degrees, and the distance from the bottom of the dry desulfurization tower is 70% of the total height. High-pressure air draws in the baking soda powder through the ejector 5 and then enters the dry desulfurization tower 4 through the nozzles 41. In the dry desulfurization tower 4, the powdered baking soda reacts with the sulfides in the flue gas to undergo a desulfurization reaction. By installing baking soda in the tail flue of the dry desulfurization tower 4, the fly ash content in the desulfurized flue gas is low, saving on hazardous waste (fly ash from waste incinerators) treatment costs.
[0028] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A kitchen waste incineration treatment device, characterized in that, The system includes a waste pretreatment module, a waste incinerator, a dry desulfurization tower, a dust collector, and a chimney. The waste pretreatment module is connected to the waste incinerator via a screw conveyor, which feeds the screened and dried waste into the incinerator for combustion. The flue gas exhaust pipe of the waste incinerator is connected to the dry desulfurization tower, the outlet of the dry desulfurization tower is connected to the inlet of the dust collector, and the outlet of the dust collector is connected to the chimney. The waste pretreatment module includes a waste sorting unit, a drying unit, and an organic processing unit. The waste sorting unit is connected to the drying unit. The waste sorting unit includes a waste storage bin and a sorting device, the waste storage bin being connected to the sorting device; the sorting device being connected to a processing unit; the processing unit is equipped with an oil delivery pipe connected to an external transport module, and an liquid delivery pipe connected to a wastewater treatment tank; the organic waste residue outlet of the processing unit is connected to an organic processing unit via an organic waste residue conveying pipe; the organic processing unit includes an anaerobic digester, the organic waste residue conveying pipe being connected to the material inlet of the anaerobic digester, and the biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester being connected to a combustion mixing device via a conveying pipe.
2. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying unit includes a drying chamber and an air chamber located at the bottom of the drying chamber. The chimney is provided with a branch pipe that is connected to the air chamber of the drying unit through a second fan. The exhaust port of the drying chamber is connected to the furnace of the waste incinerator through a third fan.
3. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The combustion mixing device includes a combustion mixing chamber and a burner disposed on the inner side wall of the combustion mixing chamber. The biogas outlet of the anaerobic digester is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner through a delivery pipe.
4. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The exhaust duct of the waste incinerator is provided with a branch pipe connected to the inlet of the recirculation fan, and the outlet of the recirculation fan is connected to each air chamber installed on the waste incinerator.
5. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The waste incinerator has several air chambers arranged in the lower part of the furnace. Each air chamber is equipped with a recirculated flue gas inlet, a primary air inlet, a primary baffle, and a secondary baffle. The primary baffle is located in the middle of the air chamber cavity and above the recirculated flue gas inlet. The primary air inlet is located on the bottom wall of the air chamber between the primary baffle and the secondary baffle. A channel is formed between the primary baffle and the inner wall of the air chamber.
6. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The edge of the primary baffle has a downward-bent section, which folds back and mixes the incoming circulating flue gas before it overflows from the channel, causing the circulating flue gas to form a fragmented flow after impacting the primary baffle. The primary baffle is installed at 1 / 2 height of the air chamber, with a width that is 1 / 2 the width of the air chamber at the same height, a downward tilt angle of 30-60 degrees, and a height from the bottom that is 1 / 4 of the total height of the air chamber.
7. A kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The secondary baffle is installed on the side wall of the air chamber above the primary baffle, and a mixed gas channel is formed in the middle of the secondary baffle, which is connected to the furnace.
8. The kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary baffle is installed at 3 / 4 of the height of the air chamber and is divided into two parts, left and right, each with a width of 1 / 4 of the width of the air chamber at the same height.
9. A kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The dry desulfurization tower includes a tower body and several tangential nozzles disposed on the side of the tower body. The tangential nozzles are connected to an ejector. The high-pressure inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the air compressor. The ejector inlet is connected to the powder silo through a pipeline.
10. A kitchen waste incineration treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of tangential nozzles is 6-12, the tilt angle is 30-60 degrees, and the height from the bottom of the dry desulfurization tower is 60%-80% of the total height.