Capacitor assembly with high energy storage density

Abstract

The utility model discloses a capacitor assembly with high energy storage density, which relates to the technical field of capacitor assemblies and comprises a capacitor mechanism, the capacitor mechanism comprises a shell, and a capacitor core body is arranged in the shell. A capacitor core body in the capacitor mechanism is composed of a cathode metal lithium thin film, a ceramic composite thin film, a polymer matrix and a composite anode foil, a high voltage window and large energy storage capacity can be provided for the capacitor, the capacitance value of the capacitor is improved, an insulating layer is additionally arranged on the inner side of a shell, and the service life of the capacitor is prolonged. A protective layer composed of an aramid fiber layer and a ceramic fiber layer is additionally arranged on the outer side of the shell, the stability and safety of the capacitor are improved, an explosion-proof assembly is arranged, when the pressure in the shell exceeds a preset warning value, a microprocessor starts an alarm, a worker can take measures in advance conveniently, meanwhile, the microprocessor sends an opening signal to an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is opened. The explosion-proof valve can be timely opened to release pressure, and the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of capacitor assembly technology, and in particular to a high energy density capacitor assembly. Background Technology

[0002] A capacitor is an electronic component that can store electric charge. It consists of components such as conductors, dielectrics, and plates. The basic working principle of a capacitor is to store electric charge through two conductors that are insulated from each other and very close together. With the rapid development of modern electronic technology, the requirements for the energy storage density of electrical energy storage devices are getting higher and higher.

[0003] For example, Chinese patent CN219303417U discloses a high energy density DC supported capacitor, which includes a housing assembly, a capacitor core assembly disposed inside the housing assembly, and an insulating filler filling the space between the housing assembly and the capacitor core assembly.

[0004] Traditional capacitors have relatively low energy storage density due to limitations in their electrode materials, dielectric properties, and structural design. In some emerging fields, traditional capacitors can no longer meet the needs. In addition, traditional capacitors are inadequate in terms of explosion-proof design, relying solely on the strength of the outer shell to resist internal pressure and lacking effective pressure release and fault warning mechanisms. Once an explosion occurs, it will not only damage surrounding equipment but may also pose a serious threat to personnel safety. To address the above problems, a high energy storage density capacitor component is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to propose a high energy density capacitor component.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a high energy density capacitor assembly, comprising a capacitor mechanism, wherein the capacitor mechanism includes a shell, and a capacitor core is disposed inside the shell. The capacitor core includes a cathode lithium metal film and a polymer matrix. A composite anode foil is disposed on one side of the polymer matrix, and a ceramic composite film is disposed between the cathode lithium metal film and the polymer matrix. An explosion-proof component is fixedly installed on the outer bottom of the shell. The explosion-proof component includes a protective shell and an alarm. The top of the protective shell is fixedly installed with the bottom of the alarm. A microprocessor is fixedly connected inside the top of the protective shell, and an explosion-proof valve is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the protective shell. A battery is fixedly installed at one end of the microprocessor, and a pressure sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the microprocessor. An aramid fiber layer is disposed on the outer side of the shell, and a ceramic fiber layer is disposed on the outer side of the aramid fiber layer.

[0007] Preferably, one end of the pressure sensor extends through the housing into its interior, and the alarm, explosion-proof valve, and pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0008] Preferably, an insulating layer is provided on the inner side of the outer shell, and two mounting plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell.

[0009] Preferably, a positive electrode connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the outer casing, and a negative electrode connecting plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the outer casing.

[0010] Preferably, both the positive electrode connecting plate and the negative electrode connecting plate are provided with leads at their bottom ends, one end of one of the leads is fixedly connected to one side of the composite anode foil, and one end of the other lead is fixedly connected to one side of the cathode lithium metal film.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the mounting plate is fixedly installed to the outer side of the housing.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. In this utility model, the capacitor core inside the capacitor mechanism is composed of a cathode lithium metal thin film, a ceramic composite thin film, a polymer matrix, and a composite anode foil, which can provide the capacitor with a high voltage window and a large energy storage capacity, thereby increasing the capacitance value of the capacitor. By adding an insulating layer on the inner side of the outer shell and a protective layer composed of an aramid fiber layer and a ceramic fiber layer on the outer side of the outer shell, the protective layer can not only block the flying of explosive fragments when the capacitor explodes, reducing damage to surrounding equipment and personnel, but also isolate external fire sources to a certain extent, prevent the spread of fire, and improve the stability and safety of the capacitor.

[0014] 2. In this utility model, by setting up explosion-proof components, the pressure sensor monitors the pressure changes inside the shell in real time, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the microprocessor. The microprocessor receives the signal from the pressure sensor and analyzes and processes it. When the pressure exceeds the preset warning value, the microprocessor activates the alarm, which allows staff to take measures in advance to prevent accidents, reduce equipment maintenance costs and downtime. At the same time, the microprocessor sends an opening signal to the explosion-proof valve, which can release the excessive pressure inside the capacitor in time, avoid explosion accidents caused by shell rupture, and significantly improve the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a high energy density capacitor assembly is provided for this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 A front cross-sectional view of a high energy density capacitor assembly is provided for this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 A detailed enlarged view of point A in Figure 1 is provided for this utility model of a high energy density capacitor assembly.

[0018] Figure 4 This utility model presents a schematic diagram of the capacitor core structure of a high energy density capacitor assembly.

[0019] Legend: 1. Capacitor mechanism; 2. Explosion-proof component; 11. Housing; 12. Positive electrode connection plate; 13. Negative electrode connection plate; 14. Lead wire; 15. Capacitor core; 16. Insulating layer; 17. Aramid fiber layer; 18. Ceramic fiber layer; 151. Cathode lithium metal film; 152. Ceramic composite film; 153. Polymer matrix; 154. Composite anode foil; 21. Protective shell; 22. Mounting plate; 23. Alarm; 24. Explosion-proof valve; 25. Battery; 26. Microprocessor; 27. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0022] Example 1: As Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, this utility model provides a high energy density capacitor assembly, including a capacitor mechanism 1. The capacitor mechanism 1 includes a housing 11, and a capacitor core 15 is disposed inside the housing 11. The capacitor core 15 includes a cathode lithium metal film 151 and a polymer matrix 153. A composite anode foil 154 is disposed on one side of the polymer matrix 153, and a ceramic composite film 152 is disposed between the cathode lithium metal film 151 and the polymer matrix 153. An aramid fiber layer 17 is disposed on the outer side of the housing 11, and a ceramic fiber layer 18 is disposed on the outer side of the aramid fiber layer 17. An insulating layer 16 is disposed on the inner side of the housing 11. A positive electrode connecting plate 12 is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the housing 11, and a negative electrode connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the housing 11. Leads 14 are disposed at the bottom ends of both the positive electrode connecting plate 12 and the negative electrode connecting plate 13. One end of one lead 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the composite anode foil 154, and one end of the other lead 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the cathode lithium metal film 151.

[0023] The specific settings and functions of this embodiment are described in detail below: The capacitor core 15 inside the capacitor mechanism 1 is composed of a cathode lithium metal film 151, a ceramic composite film 152, a polymer matrix 153, and a composite anode foil 154, which can provide the capacitor with a high voltage window and a large energy storage capacity, thereby increasing the capacitance value of the capacitor; the capacitor core 15 adopts a wound structure during manufacturing. During the winding process, the layers are tightly bonded to reduce contact resistance. By adding an insulating layer 16 inside the outer shell 11, and adding a protective layer composed of an aramid fiber layer 17 and a ceramic fiber layer 18 on the outer shell 11, the protective layer can not only block the splashing of explosive fragments when the capacitor explodes, reducing damage to surrounding equipment and personnel, but also isolate external fire sources to a certain extent.

[0024] Example 2: Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, an explosion-proof component 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom outer side of the outer casing 11. The explosion-proof component 2 includes a protective shell 21 and an alarm 23. The top of the protective shell 21 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the alarm 23. A microprocessor 26 is fixedly connected inside the top of the protective shell 21, and an explosion-proof valve 24 is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the protective shell 21. A battery 25 is fixedly installed at one end of the microprocessor 26, and a pressure sensor 27 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the microprocessor 26. One end of the pressure sensor 27 extends through the outer casing 11 into its interior. The alarm 23, the explosion-proof valve 24, and the pressure sensor 27 are all electrically connected to the microprocessor 26. Two mounting plates 22 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell 21, and one end of the mounting plate 22 is fixedly installed with the outer side of the outer casing 11.

[0025] The overall effect of this embodiment is that the explosion-proof component 2 can monitor the internal pressure changes in real time through the pressure sensor 27, and issue an alarm signal in time through the alarm 23 when the pressure rises abnormally, so that the staff can take measures in advance to prevent accidents, reduce equipment maintenance costs and downtime. At the same time, through the coordinated work of the explosion-proof valve 24 and the pressure monitoring and release system, the excessive pressure inside the capacitor can be released in time to avoid explosion accidents caused by the rupture of the outer shell 11, and significantly improve the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor.

[0026] The device's operation and working principle are as follows: The capacitor assembly consists of a capacitor mechanism 1 and an explosion-proof component 2. The capacitor core 15 inside the capacitor mechanism 1 is composed of a cathode lithium metal film 151, a ceramic composite film 152, a polymer matrix 153, and a composite anode foil 154. The composite anode foil 154 uses a nanostructured transition metal oxide, effectively improving the electrode's charge storage capacity and charge transport rate. The cathode lithium metal film 151 uses lithium metal film; lithium metal has extremely low electrochemical potential and extremely high theoretical specific capacitance, providing a high voltage window and large energy storage capacity for the capacitor. The electrolyte layer uses a combination of ceramic composite film 152 and polymer matrix 153, possessing high dielectric constant and good temperature stability, significantly improving the dielectric constant of the dielectric, thereby increasing the capacitor's capacitance. The capacitor core 15 is manufactured using a wound structure. The composite anode foil 154, polymer matrix 153, ceramic composite film 152, and cathode lithium metal film 151 are stacked in sequence and then wound into a cylindrical structure. During the winding process, the layers are tightly bonded to reduce contact resistance. Anode and cathode leads 14 are led out from both ends of the wound cylinder for external circuit connection. An insulating layer 16 is added to the inside of the outer shell 11. The insulating layer 16 is made of materials with good insulation and high temperature resistance, such as polyimide film or alumina ceramic coating. At the same time, a protective layer composed of aramid fiber layer 17 and ceramic fiber layer 18 is added to the outside of the outer shell 11. The protective layer can not only block the splash of explosive fragments when the capacitor explodes, reducing the damage to surrounding equipment and personnel, but also isolate external fire sources to a certain extent, prevent the spread of fire, and improve the stability and safety of the capacitor.

[0027] In addition, an explosion-proof component 2 is installed at the bottom of the capacitor. A pressure sensor 27 monitors the internal pressure changes of the housing 11 in real time, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the microprocessor 26. The microprocessor 26 receives the signal from the pressure sensor 27 and analyzes it. When the pressure exceeds the preset warning value, the microprocessor 26 activates the alarm 23 and sends an opening signal to the explosion-proof valve 24 to ensure that the explosion-proof valve 24 opens in time to release the pressure and prevent dangerous situations such as capacitor explosion. The explosion-proof component 2 can monitor the internal pressure changes in real time through the pressure sensor 27. When the pressure rises abnormally, the alarm 23 will issue an alarm signal in time, which will facilitate the staff to take measures in advance to prevent accidents, reduce equipment maintenance costs and downtime. At the same time, through the coordinated work of the explosion-proof valve 24 and the pressure monitoring and release system, the excessive pressure inside the capacitor can be released in time to avoid explosion accidents caused by the rupture of the housing 11, which significantly improves the explosion-proof performance of the capacitor.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high energy density capacitor assembly, comprising a capacitor mechanism (1), wherein the capacitor mechanism (1) includes a housing (11), and a capacitor core (15) is disposed inside the housing (11), characterized in that: The capacitor core (15) includes a cathode lithium metal film (151) and a polymer matrix (153). A composite anode foil (154) is disposed on one side of the polymer matrix (153), and a ceramic composite film (152) is disposed between the cathode lithium metal film (151) and the polymer matrix (153). An explosion-proof component (2) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the outer shell (11). The explosion-proof component (2) includes a protective shell (21) and an alarm (23). The top of the protective shell (21) is connected to the alarm. The alarm (23) is fixedly installed at the bottom. A microprocessor (26) is fixedly connected inside the top of the protective shell (21), and an explosion-proof valve (24) is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the protective shell (21). A battery (25) is fixedly installed at one end of the microprocessor (26), and a pressure sensor (27) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the microprocessor (26). An aramid fiber layer (17) is provided on the outside of the outer shell (11), and a ceramic fiber layer (18) is provided on the outside of the aramid fiber layer (17).

2. The high energy density capacitor module according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the pressure sensor (27) extends through the housing (11) into its interior. The alarm (23), the explosion-proof valve (24), and the pressure sensor (27) are all electrically connected to the microprocessor (26).

3. The high energy density capacitor module according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating layer (16) is provided on the inner side of the outer shell (11), and two mounting plates (22) are symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the protective shell (21).

4. The high energy density capacitor module according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positive electrode connection plate (12) is fixedly connected to one end of the top of the outer shell (11), and a negative electrode connection plate (13) is fixedly connected to the other end of the top of the outer shell (11).

5. The high energy density capacitor module according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the positive electrode connecting plate (12) and the negative electrode connecting plate (13) are provided with leads (14) at their bottom ends. One end of one of the leads (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the composite anode foil (154), and the other end of the lead (14) is fixedly connected to one side of the cathode lithium metal film (151).

6. The high energy density capacitor module according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the mounting plate (22) is fixedly installed to the outside of the outer shell (11).

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