Display device

Abstract

The display device includes: a display panel in which a plurality of pixels are arranged side by side; a microlens array disposed on the display panel and refracting emission light emitted from each pixel according to a main ray angle defined for each pixel; and a window disposed on the microlens array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments supported by aspects of this disclosure generally relate to display devices and electrical equipment including the display devices. Background Technology

[0002] A light-emitting diode (LED) is a device that converts electrical signals into light forms (such as infrared and visible light) by utilizing the properties of composite semiconductors. In particular, an LED is a semiconductor device that converts energy generated by the recombination of holes and electrons into light energy, wherein holes and electrons are injected when a voltage is applied to a PN diode in the forward direction. Utility Model Content

[0003] The implementation provides a display device.

[0004] The implementation provides an electrical device including a display device.

[0005] The display device according to the embodiment includes: a display panel having a plurality of pixels arranged side by side in the display panel; a microlens array disposed on the display panel and configured to refract emitted light emitted from each of the plurality of pixels according to a defined principal ray angle for each of the plurality of pixels; and a window disposed on the microlens array.

[0006] In one implementation, the microlens array may include Fresnel lenses, which are disposed on multiple pixels.

[0007] In an implementation, each of the Fresnel lenses may have a concave shape.

[0008] In this implementation, the lens angle of the Fresnel lens can increase from the center of the display panel outwards.

[0009] In an implementation, each of the lens angles can be greater than the corresponding principal ray angle.

[0010] In this implementation, the main ray angle of the pixel can increase from the center of the display panel outwards.

[0011] In an implementation, the microlens array can be configured to refract emitted light and reflected light associated with emitted light according to the principal ray angle.

[0012] In one embodiment, the display device may further include a polarization layer disposed between the display panel and the microlens array and configured to reflect emitted light.

[0013] In an implementation, the polarization layer may be a wire grid polarization layer comprising a grid pattern.

[0014] In an embodiment, the display device may further include a phase delay layer disposed between the display panel and the microlens array and configured to delay the phase of emitted light.

[0015] In an implementation, each of the plurality of pixels may include a pixel electrode and a color filter disposed on the pixel electrode, and the horizontal spacing between the center of the pixel electrode included in the first pixel and the center of the color filter included in the first pixel may be substantially equal to the horizontal spacing between the center of the pixel electrode included in the second pixel and the center of the color filter included in the second pixel, wherein a second principal ray angle smaller than the first principal ray angle is defined for the second pixel.

[0016] In one implementation, the first pixel may be closer to the outside of the display panel than the second pixel.

[0017] In one implementation, each of the plurality of pixels may include an intermediate layer in which at least two emission layers are stacked.

[0018] In this implementation, the intermediate layer can emit white light.

[0019] In one embodiment, the display panel may include a substrate, and the substrate may be a silicon wafer comprising silicon or a sapphire substrate comprising sapphire.

[0020] In some embodiments, the display device may further include a planarization layer disposed between the microlens array and the window.

[0021] The electrical device according to the embodiment includes a display device and an optical component, the optical component being disposed in the path of light emitted from the display device and including at least one lens portion. The display device includes: a display panel having a plurality of pixels arranged side by side in the display panel; a microlens array disposed on the display panel and configured to refract emitted light emitted from each of the plurality of pixels according to a defined principal ray angle for each of the plurality of pixels; and a window disposed on the microlens array.

[0022] In an embodiment, the lens component may include a lens and a phase retardation layer disposed adjacent to the lens.

[0023] Therefore, the display device according to the embodiments of this utility model may include a microlens array, and the microlens array may refract emitted light and reflected light according to the principal ray angle. For example, the microlens array may include a first Fresnel lens, a second Fresnel lens, and a third Fresnel lens corresponding to a first pixel, a second pixel, and a third pixel, respectively. The lens angles of the first Fresnel lens, the second Fresnel lens, and the third Fresnel lens may be set to correspond to the first principal ray angle, the second principal ray angle, and the third principal ray angle defined for the first pixel, the second pixel, and the third pixel, respectively.

[0024] Because the display device includes a microlens array, the front light, which has a relatively large amount of light and a relatively high recycling efficiency, can be refracted according to the principal ray angle. Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of pixels positioned on the outside of the display panel can be improved.

[0025] In some aspects, because display devices include microlens arrays, the horizontal spacing between pixel electrodes, color filters, and lenses can remain constant and uniform. Therefore, the economic efficiency of the manufacturing process for display devices (DDs) can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the inventive concept and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. Together with the description, the drawings illustrate embodiments of the inventive concept.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is shown that it includes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a display device in electrical equipment.

[0029] Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is shown that it includes Figure 2 Cross-sectional views of various examples of intermediate layers in a display device.

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of region A.

[0031] Figure 7 It is a graph showing the lens angle based on the principal ray angle of the pixel.

[0032] Figure 8 It is shown Figure 1 Diagram of electrical equipment.

[0033] Figure 9 It is shown Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of electrical equipment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The illustrative and non-limiting embodiments will become clearer from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The embodiments supported by this disclosure will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which one or more exemplary embodiments are illustrated. However, the aspects supported by this disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the exemplary aspects of this invention to those skilled in the art.

[0036] Terms such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various components, but these components should not be limited by these terms. The terminology used herein is for distinguishing one component from others and is not limited by these terms. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component may be referred to as a first component. Unless otherwise stated, singular terms may include plural forms.

[0037] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, as used herein, “an,” “a,” “the,” and “at least one” do not indicate a limitation of quantity and are intended to include both the singular and the plural. For example, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, “element” has the same meaning as “at least one element.” “At least one” should not be construed as limiting “an” or “a.” “Or” means “and / or.” As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It should also be understood that, when used in this specification, the terms “comprises” and / or “comprising” or “includes” and / or “including” specify the presence of the stated features, areas, integrals, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, areas, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0038] The terms “about” or “approximately” as used herein include the value and include a suitable range of deviations from the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the measurement discussed and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity. The term “about” may mean, for example, within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5% of the value.

[0039] As used herein, the term “substantially” means approximately or actually equal (e.g., within equal threshold percentages). The term “substantially simultaneous” means approximately or actually simultaneous (e.g., within equal threshold percentages). The term “substantially identical” means approximately or actually identical (e.g., within threshold differences).

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the relevant technical context and in the context of this disclosure, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formalized sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0041] It should be understood that the various embodiments of this disclosure and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features set forth herein to specific embodiments, and include various changes, equivalents, or substitutions to the corresponding embodiments. Regarding the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It should be understood that, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form of the noun corresponding to an item may include one or more items. As used herein, each of phrases such as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “A, B, or C,” and “at least one of A, B, and C” may include any one or all possible combinations of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 The electrical device ED according to the embodiments of the present invention may include a display device DD and an optical component OM.

[0044] In this implementation, the display device DD can generate light and can refract and emit light.

[0045] In some embodiments, the display device DD may include a display panel PNL. The display panel PNL may be a micro-light-emitting diode display device including micro-light-emitting diodes (or micro-light-emitting diodes). However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto.

[0046] In some aspects, the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3 can be arranged in the display panel PNL. For example, the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3 can be arranged side by side in the first direction D1.

[0047] In this specification, the display panel PNL may have a length in a first direction D1 and a thickness in a second direction D2 intersecting the first direction D1. In some aspects, the display panel PNL may emit light in a third direction D3 intersecting the first direction D1 and the second direction D2.

[0048] The first pixel PX1 can be positioned closer to the outside of the display panel PNL than the second pixel PX2. In some aspects, the third pixel PX3 can be positioned closer to the outside of the display panel PNL than the second pixel PX2.

[0049] The first pixel PX1 can emit a first emitted light EL1, and a first principal ray angle CRA1 can be defined within the first pixel PX1. The second pixel PX2 can emit a second emitted light EL2, and a second principal ray angle CRA2 can be defined within the second pixel PX2. The third pixel PX3 can emit a third emitted light EL3, and a third principal ray angle CRA3 can be defined within the third pixel PX3.

[0050] In one embodiment, the first emitted light EL1, the second emitted light EL2, and the third emitted light EL3 may have the same color. In another embodiment, the first emitted light EL1, the second emitted light EL2, and the third emitted light EL3 may have different corresponding colors.

[0051] In some embodiments, the primary ray angle can increase outward from the center of the display panel PNL. For example, the first primary ray angle CRA1 (e.g., about 30°) can be greater than the second primary ray angle CRA2 (e.g., about 0°). In some aspects, the third primary ray angle CRA3 (e.g., about 30°) can be greater than the second primary ray angle CRA2.

[0052] In an implementation, the display device DD may include a microlens array (MLA). The MLA can refract light emitted from each pixel according to a principal ray angle defined for each pixel. Specifically, the MLA can refract a first emitted light EL1 according to a first principal ray angle CRA1, a second emitted light EL2 according to a second principal ray angle CRA2, and a third emitted light EL3 according to a third principal ray angle CRA3.

[0053] In this implementation, the optical component OM can be positioned in the path of light emitted from the display device DD, can refract the light, and can provide light to the user UR.

[0054] Figure 2 It is shown that it includes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a display device in electrical equipment. Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is shown that it includes Figure 2 Cross-sectional views of various examples of intermediate layers in a display device. Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of region A. Figure 7 It is a graph showing the lens angle based on the principal ray angle of the pixel.

[0055] refer to Figure 2 The display device DD may include a display panel PNL, a phase delay layer ICR, a polarization layer WGP, a microlens array MLA, a planarization layer OC, and a window WIN.

[0056] The display panel PNL may include a substrate SUB, a first pixel electrode PE1, a second pixel electrode PE2, a third pixel electrode PE3, an intermediate layer ML, a common electrode CE, an encapsulation layer TFE, a separator BM, a first color filter CF1, a second color filter CF2, and a third color filter CF3.

[0057] The substrate SUB can be a semiconductor circuit board. The pixel circuit PXC can be formed on the substrate SUB. The pixel circuit PXC can include various driving elements, lines, and other components for driving the light-emitting diodes. For example, the pixel circuit PXC can include transistors, capacitors, gate lines, data lines, etc.

[0058] In one embodiment, the substrate SUB may be a silicon wafer substrate comprising silicon. Optionally, the substrate SUB may be a sapphire substrate comprising sapphire. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not limited thereto, and the substrate SUB may comprise various materials other than silicon and sapphire.

[0059] The first pixel electrode PE1, the second pixel electrode PE2, and the third pixel electrode PE3 can be disposed on the substrate SUB. Each of the first pixel electrode PE1, the second pixel electrode PE2, and the third pixel electrode PE3 can include a metal, an alloy metal nitride, a conductive metal oxide, or a transparent conductive material. Examples of metals can include silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), tungsten (W), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), platinum (Pt), scandium (Sc), etc. Examples of conductive metal oxides include indium tin oxide and indium zinc oxide. In some aspects, examples of metal nitrides can include aluminum nitride (AlN). x ), tungsten nitride (WN) x ) and chromium nitrides (CrN) x The materials described may be used alone or in combination with each other.

[0060] In an implementation, each of the first pixel electrode PE1, the second pixel electrode PE2, and the third pixel electrode PE3 may be a reflective electrode and may also be used as an anode electrode.

[0061] The intermediate layer ML can be disposed on the first pixel electrode PE1, the second pixel electrode PE2, and the third pixel electrode PE3. The intermediate layer ML can extend continuously across the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3. In an embodiment, the intermediate layer ML may include an emitting layer for emitting light.

[0062] refer to Figure 3 The intermediate layer ML may include a first auxiliary layer AL1, an emission layer EML, and a second auxiliary layer AL2.

[0063] The first auxiliary layer AL1 can be a charge-assisted layer for controlling charge injection and / or migration. The first auxiliary layer AL1 can have a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers. For example, the first auxiliary layer AL1 can be a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, or a combination thereof.

[0064] An emitting layer EML may be disposed on a first auxiliary layer AL1. The emitting layer EML may include an emitting material. In an embodiment, the emitting layer EML may emit white light. For example, the emitting layer EML may include emitting materials that emit light of different colors, and the light emitted by the emitting materials may be combined to emit white light. The emitting material included in the emitting layer EML may include organic light-emitting materials, inorganic light-emitting materials, or combinations thereof.

[0065] The second auxiliary layer AL2 can be disposed on the emitter layer EML. The second auxiliary layer AL2 can be a charge-assisted layer for controlling charge injection and / or migration. The second auxiliary layer AL2 can have a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure including multiple layers. For example, the second auxiliary layer AL2 can include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron blocking layer, an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, or a combination thereof.

[0066] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this implementation, the intermediate layer ML may have a structure in which at least two or more emitter layers are stacked. That is, the intermediate layer ML may have a series structure.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment, the intermediate layer ML may include a first auxiliary layer AL1, a first emitter layer EMLa, a charge generation layer CGL, a second emitter layer EMLb, and a second auxiliary layer AL2.

[0068] A first emitting layer EMLa can be disposed on a first auxiliary layer AL1, and a second emitting layer EMLb can be disposed on a charge generation layer CGL. Both the first and second emitting layers EMLa and EMLb can include emitting materials. The first and second emitting layers EMLa and EMLb can emit light of the same or different colors. Therefore, the intermediate layer ML can emit white light. For example, the first emitting layer EMLa can emit blue light, and the second emitting layer EMLb can emit green light. The emitting material contained in each of the first and second emitting layers EMLa and EMLb can include organic light-emitting materials, inorganic light-emitting materials, or combinations thereof.

[0069] A charge generation layer CGL can be disposed between a first emitter layer EMLa and a second emitter layer EMLb. The charge generation layer CGL can inject charge into the first emitter layer EMLa and / or the second emitter layer EMLb. The charge generation layer CGL can control the charge balance between the first emitter layer EMLa and the second emitter layer EMLb. For example, the charge generation layer CGL may include an n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer, and the charge generation layer CGL may include an electron transport material and / or a hole transport material containing n-type dopants and / or p-type dopants. The charge generation layer CGL can have a single-layer structure or a multilayer structure in which multiple layers are stacked.

[0070] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in the embodiment, the intermediate layer ML may include a first auxiliary layer AL1, a first emission layer EMLa, a first charge generation layer CGLa, a second emission layer EMLb, a second charge generation layer CGLb, a third emission layer EMLc, and a second auxiliary layer AL2.

[0071] The first emitter layer EMLa can be disposed on the first auxiliary layer AL1, the second emitter layer EMLb can be disposed between the first charge generation layer CGLa and the second charge generation layer CGLb, and the third emitter layer EMLc can be disposed on the second charge generation layer CGLb.

[0072] The first emitting layer EMLa, the second emitting layer EMLb, and the third emitting layer EMLc may include emitting materials. The first emitting layer EMLa, the second emitting layer EMLb, and the third emitting layer EMLc may emit light of the same or different colors. Therefore, the intermediate layer ML may emit white light. For example, the first emitting layer EMLa and the third emitting layer EMLc may emit blue light, and the second emitting layer EMLb may emit green light. The emitting material contained in each of the first emitting layer EMLa, the second emitting layer EMLb, and the third emitting layer EMLc may include organic light-emitting materials, inorganic light-emitting materials, or combinations thereof.

[0073] A first charge generation layer CGLa can be disposed between a first emitter layer EMLa and a second emitter layer EMLb. The first charge generation layer CGLa can inject charge into the first emitter layer EMLa and / or the second emitter layer EMLb. The first charge generation layer CGLa can control the charge balance between the first emitter layer EMLa and the second emitter layer EMLb. For example, the first charge generation layer CGLa may include an n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer, and the first charge generation layer CGLa may include an electron transport material and / or a hole transport material containing n-type dopants and / or p-type dopants. The first charge generation layer CGLa may have a monolayer structure or a multilayer structure in which multiple layers are stacked.

[0074] The second charge generation layer CGLb can be disposed between the second emitter layer EMLb and the third emitter layer EMLc. The second charge generation layer CGLb can inject charge into the second emitter layer EMLb and / or the third emitter layer EMLc. The second charge generation layer CGLb can control the charge balance between the second emitter layer EMLb and the third emitter layer EMLc. For example, the second charge generation layer CGLb may include an n-type semiconductor layer and a p-type semiconductor layer, and the second charge generation layer CGLb may include an electron transport material and / or a hole transport material containing n-type dopants and / or p-type dopants. The second charge generation layer CGLb may have a monolayer structure or a multilayer structure in which multiple layers are stacked.

[0075] Refer again Figure 2 The common electrode CE can be disposed on the intermediate layer ML. The common electrode CE can extend continuously across the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3. The common electrode CE can include metal, alloy metal nitride, conductive metal oxide, transparent conductive material, etc.

[0076] In an implementation, the common electrode CE can be a transmission electrode or a semi-transmission electrode, and can be used as a cathode electrode.

[0077] The encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed on the common electrode CE. In an embodiment, the encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer. The encapsulation layer TFE can prevent foreign substances from penetrating into the intermediate layer ML.

[0078] The separator BM can be disposed on the encapsulation layer TFE. The separator BM can define the areas of the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3.

[0079] The separator BM may include a light-blocking material. In one embodiment, examples of light-blocking materials that can be used as the separator BM may include organic and / or inorganic materials containing black pigments, black dyes, etc. In another embodiment, the separator BM may include a reflective material such as, for example, a metallic material. Therefore, the separator BM can prevent color mixing between the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3.

[0080] The first color filter CF1 can overlap with the first pixel electrode PE1, the second color filter CF2 can overlap with the second pixel electrode PE2, and the third color filter CF3 can overlap with the third pixel electrode PE3. Each of the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3 can selectively transmit light of a specific wavelength and absorb light of the remaining wavelengths.

[0081] A phase retardation layer (ICR) can be placed on the first color filter CF1, the second color filter CF2, and the third color filter CF3. The phase retardation layer (ICR) can delay the phase of light.

[0082] In one embodiment, the phase retardation layer (ICR) may include an alignment layer and a reactive liquid crystal monomer. The reactive liquid crystal monomer may be arranged along an alignment direction formed on the alignment layer. The alignment layer may include an alignment material such as, for example, polyimide, polyamide, azobenzene, or cinnamic acid. The reactive liquid crystal monomer may include a polymer of a reactive liquid crystal exhibiting liquid crystallinity.

[0083] A polarizing layer WGP can be disposed on a phase retardation layer ICR. In one embodiment, the polarizing layer WGP can be a reflective polarizing layer. For example, the polarizing layer WGP can include multiple grating patterns. The grating patterns can be spaced apart from each other at predetermined intervals. In some aspects, the grating patterns can include a metallic material with relatively high reflectivity. Examples of metallic materials that can be used as a polarizing layer WGP include aluminum (Al), gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), etc. The described materials can be used alone or in combination with each other. In other words, the polarizing layer WGP can be a wire-grating polarizing layer. In another embodiment, the polarizing layer WGP can be an absorptive polarizing layer.

[0084] In the example where the polarization layer WGP is a reflective polarization layer, the polarization layer WGP can reflect emitted light. For example, the first emitted light EL1 can be reflected from the polarization layer WGP. Therefore, the first emitted light EL1 and the first reflected light RL1 can be emitted from the first pixel PX1. The third emitted light EL3 and the third reflected light RL3 can be emitted from the third pixel PX3.

[0085] A microlens array (MLA) can be disposed on a polarizing layer (WGP). In an embodiment, the MLA may include concave Fresnel lenses. For example, the MLA may have a shape in which thin prism strips having curvature corresponding to the curvature of the concave lens are divided and arranged at a constant spacing. In other words, the MLA may include multiple non-uniform patterns and multiple concave surfaces.

[0086] In an implementation, the microlens array (MLA) may include a first Fresnel lens FL1, a second Fresnel lens FL2, and a third Fresnel lens FL3. The first Fresnel lens FL1 may overlap with a first pixel electrode PE1 and may correspond to a first pixel PX1. The second Fresnel lens FL2 may overlap with a second pixel electrode PE2 and may correspond to a second pixel PX2. The third Fresnel lens FL3 may overlap with a third pixel electrode PE3 and may correspond to a third pixel PX3.

[0087] In this embodiment, the lens angles of the first Fresnel lens FL1, the second Fresnel lens FL2, and the third Fresnel lens FL3 can increase outward from the center of the display panel PNL. For example, the lens angle of the first Fresnel lens FL1 can be greater than the lens angle of the second Fresnel lens FL2. In some aspects, the lens angle of the third Fresnel lens FL3 can be greater than the lens angle of the second Fresnel lens FL2.

[0088] Therefore, the first Fresnel lens FL1 can refract the first emitted light EL1 and the first reflected light RL1 according to the first principal ray angle CRA1. The second Fresnel lens FL2 can refract the second emitted light EL2 according to the second principal ray angle CRA2. The third Fresnel lens FL3 can refract the third emitted light EL3 and the third reflected light RL3 according to the third principal ray angle CRA3.

[0089] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first pixel PX1 can emit light, and this light can include a front light FRL1 and a side light SL1. Compared to the side light SL1, the front light FRL1 can have a relatively larger amount of light.

[0090] The front light FRL1 can propagate in the vertical direction (e.g., third direction D3) of the display panel PNL. Therefore, the front light FRL1 reflected by the polarizing layer WGP does not propagate to another adjacent color filter and separator BM. In other words, the front light FRL1 reflected from the polarizing layer WGP can be recycled as the first reflected light RL1.

[0091] The side light SL1 can be positioned at a predetermined angle to the display panel PNL. Therefore, the side light SL1 reflected from the polarizing layer WGP can propagate to another adjacent color filter and / or separator BM. In other words, the side light SL1 reflected by the polarizing layer WGP can be non-recirculated. For example, the side light SL1 reflected by the polarizing layer WGP can be filtered by an adjacent color filter and / or absorbed by the separator BM.

[0092] The first Fresnel lens FL1 may have a first lens angle LA1, and the first emitted light EL1 incident at the first lens angle LA1 may be refracted according to the first principal ray angle CRA1. In some aspects, the first reflected light RL1 incident at the first lens angle LA1 may be refracted according to the first principal ray angle CRA1.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, each Fresnel lens can have a lens angle for refracting emitted and reflected light according to the principal ray angle. In an example where the refractive index of each Fresnel lens is 1.5 (n = 1.5), the lens angle of the Fresnel lens can increase outward from the center of the display panel PNL. In some aspects, each lens angle can be greater than the corresponding principal ray angle. For example, for a given Fresnel lens, the target principal ray angle can be approximately 20°, and the lens angle can be set to approximately 30°.

[0094] The display device DD may include a microlens array (MLA), and the MLA may refract emitted and reflected light according to the principal ray angle. For example, the MLA may include a first Fresnel lens FL1, a second Fresnel lens FL2, and a third Fresnel lens FL3 corresponding to a first pixel PX1, a second pixel PX2, and a third pixel PX3, respectively. The lens angles of the first Fresnel lens FL1, the second Fresnel lens FL2, and the third Fresnel lens FL3 may be set based on a first principal ray angle CRA1, a second principal ray angle CRA2, and a third principal ray angle CRA3 defined for the first pixel PX1, the second pixel PX2, and the third pixel PX3, respectively.

[0095] Because the display device DD includes a microlens array (MLA), the front light (e.g., the first front light FRL1) with a relatively large light quantity and relatively high recycling efficiency can be refracted according to the principal ray angle (e.g., the first principal ray angle CRA1). Therefore, the light extraction efficiency of pixels (e.g., the first pixel PX1) located outside the display panel PNL can be improved.

[0096] In some aspects, since the display device DD includes a microlens array (MLA), the horizontal spacing between the pixel electrodes, color filters, and lenses can remain constant and consistent. For example, the horizontal spacing between the center of the first pixel electrode PE1 and the center of the first color filter CF1 (e.g., in the first direction D1) can be equal to the horizontal spacing between the center of the second pixel electrode PE2 and the center of the second color filter CF2 (e.g., in the first direction D1). Therefore, the economic efficiency of the manufacturing process of the display device DD can be improved.

[0097] A planarization layer OC can be deposited on the microlens array MLA. The planarization layer OC can include organic and / or inorganic materials. The planarization layer OC can compensate for the steps caused by the polarization layer WGP and the microlens array MLA.

[0098] The window (WIN) can be disposed on the planarization layer (OC). The window (WIN) may include tempered glass, reinforced plastic, etc. In embodiments, the window (WIN) may be formed from a single layer, or may have a structure in which multiple functional layers are stacked.

[0099] Figure 8 It is shown Figure 1 Diagram of electrical equipment. Figure 9 It is shown Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of electrical equipment.

[0100] refer to Figure 8 The electrical equipment ED may include a display device DD and an optical component OM. The optical component OM may be positioned in the path of light emitted from the display device DD, refract the light, and provide light to the user UR. The optical component OM can make the light emitted from the display device DD appear wider. For example, the optical component OM can widen or increase the diameter of the beam emitted from the display device DD.

[0101] In this embodiment, the optical component OM may include a first lens portion LSP1 and a second lens portion LSP2. The first lens portion LSP1 may include a first lens LS1, a first phase retardation layer PHL1, and a beam splitter BSP. The second lens portion LSP2 may include a second lens LS2, a second phase retardation layer PHL2, and a polarizer POL.

[0102] The first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 can be curved lenses. The curved surfaces of the first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 can be spherical or aspherical. For example, each of the first lens LS1 and the second lens LS2 can comprise glass or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

[0103] The first phase retardation layer PHL1 can be disposed on one side of the first lens LS1. For example, the first phase retardation layer PHL1 can be disposed on the side of the first lens LS1 adjacent to the display panel PNL. In other words, the first phase retardation layer PHL1 can be disposed on the side of the first lens LS1 that is relatively closer to the display panel PNL. The first phase retardation layer PHL1 can have a retardation axis and can provide a phase difference relative to the retardation axis. For example, the first phase retardation layer PHL1 can provide a phase difference of λ / 4 or 3λ / 4. Therefore, the first phase retardation layer PHL1 can delay light in the retardation axis direction by λ / 4 or 3λ / 4 to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light or to convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.

[0104] The beam splitter BSP can be placed on one side of the first lens LS1. For example, the beam splitter BSP can be located on the side of the first lens LS1 adjacent to the user UR. In other words, the beam splitter BSP can be located on the side of the first lens LS1 relatively closer to the user UR. The beam splitter BSP can transmit a portion of the incident light and reflect other portions of the incident light. The beam splitter BSP can reflect and transmit light independently of the polarization characteristics of the light. In an embodiment, the beam splitter BSP may comprise a semi-transparent metallic material.

[0105] The second phase retardation layer PHL2 can be disposed on one side of the second lens LS2. For example, the second phase retardation layer PHL2 can be disposed on the side of the second lens LS2 adjacent to the first lens portion LSP1. In other words, the second phase retardation layer PHL2 can be disposed on the side of the second lens LS2 relatively closer to the first lens portion LSP1. The second phase retardation layer PHL2 can have a retardation axis and can provide a phase difference relative to the retardation axis. For example, the second phase retardation layer PHL2 can provide a phase difference of λ / 4 or 3λ / 4. Therefore, the second phase retardation layer PHL2 can delay light in the retardation axis direction by λ / 4 or 3λ / 4 to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light or convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.

[0106] The polarizer POL can be disposed on one side of the second lens LS2. For example, the polarizer POL can be disposed on the side of the second lens LS2 adjacent to the user UR. In other words, the polarizer POL can be disposed on the side of the second lens LS2 that is relatively closer to the user UR.

[0107] In some embodiments, the polarizer POL can be a reflective polarizer. In this case, the polarizer POL can have a reflection axis. That is, the polarizer POL can reflect linearly polarized light propagating in the same direction as the reflection axis. In other words, linearly polarized light propagating in the same direction as the reflection axis may not transmit through the polarizer POL. In some aspects, the polarizer POL can transmit linearly polarized light perpendicular to the reflection axis. That is, the polarizer POL can have a transmission axis perpendicular to the reflection axis.

[0108] refer to Figure 9 The electrical device ED may include a storage section 10 and an eyeglass frame temple 20. For example, the electrical device ED may be implemented as a head-mounted display. In the following, the electrical device ED will be described as an example of a head-mounted display.

[0109] Electrical equipment ED, including display device DD and optical component OM, can be housed in storage unit 10.

[0110] The electrical equipment ED can provide the user with images stored in the storage unit 10 and displayed on the display device DD through an eyepiece or the like. Therefore, the electrical equipment ED can provide the user with virtual images. In other words, the electrical equipment ED can realize virtual reality (VR).

[0111] The temples 20 of the eyeglass frame can be a structure that allows the user to easily put on or take off the electrical device ED. However, embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily limited to this, and the electrical device ED may include a headband that can be worn on the head.

[0112] Although certain implementations and embodiments have been described herein, other implementations and modifications will be apparent from the description. Therefore, the concept of this invention is not limited to these implementations, but rather to the broader scope of the appended claims and various obvious modifications and equivalent arrangements that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, include: The display panel has multiple pixels arranged side by side in the display panel; A microlens array is disposed on the display panel and configured to refract emitted light from each of the plurality of pixels according to a defined principal ray angle for each of the plurality of pixels; as well as A window is disposed on the microlens array.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microlens array includes Fresnel lenses disposed on the plurality of pixels.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the Fresnel lenses has a concave shape.

4. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lens angle of the Fresnel lens increases from the center of the display panel outwards.

5. The display device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the lens angles is greater than the corresponding principal ray angle.

6. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main ray angle defined for the plurality of pixels increases outward from the center of the display panel.

7. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microlens array is configured to refract the emitted light and the reflected light associated with the emitted light according to the principal ray angle.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A polarizing layer is disposed between the display panel and the microlens array and configured to reflect the emitted light.

9. The display device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The polarization layer is a linear grid polarization layer that includes a grid pattern.

10. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A phase delay layer is disposed between the display panel and the microlens array and configured to delay the phase of the emitted light.

Images