Hydraulic lock and multi-way valve using same

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tractor hydraulic valve banks, in particular to a hydraulic lock and a multi-way valve using the hydraulic lock. Comprising a valve body, a lock cavity is formed in the valve body, a first communicating cavity and a second communicating cavity which are communicated with the bottom of the lock cavity are further formed in the valve body, the bottom end of the lock cavity is communicated with the top end of the second communicating cavity, a lock cylinder capable of sliding up and down and blocking the top of the second communicating cavity is installed in the lock cavity, and a plug is fixedly installed at the top of the lock cavity; a second spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the plug, the bottom end of the second spring is fixedly connected with the top end of the lock cylinder, and a lock cylinder ejector rod capable of sliding up and down and ejecting the lock cylinder is further installed at the position, below the lock cylinder, of the valve body. By means of the structure, the valve body directly replaces a hydraulic lock valve sleeve, and therefore the structure of the hydraulic lock is simplified. Under the condition that holes with the same volume are formed in the valve body, the volume of the valve sleeve in the hydraulic lock is reduced, so that the flow volume of oil of the hydraulic lock can be increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tractor hydraulic valve group technical field, concretely relates to a hydraulic lock and use the multiway valve of this hydraulic lock. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic lock is the key component in the hydraulic system, which is widely used in the valve body of the multiway valve, and is mainly used for locking the position of the actuator. When the hydraulic system stops supplying pressure, the hydraulic lock prevents the movement of the actuator by closing the oil circuit, and ensures that the equipment is stably stopped at the specified position.

[0003] In the prior art, the hydraulic lock used in the hydraulic system is mainly of the plug-in type, which mainly includes a valve sleeve, a lock core moving up and down, a spring for resetting the lock core and a lock core lifting rod for lifting the lock core. Taking the installation of the hydraulic lock on the multiway valve as an example, the valve body is provided with a plug-in hole, and the valve sleeve of the hydraulic lock is installed together with the plug-in hole through threaded cooperation, so that the plug-in effect can be achieved.

[0004] The plug-in type hydraulic lock has a relatively complex structure, a large volume and a low maximum flow capacity due to the presence of the valve sleeve. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a hydraulic lock and a multiway valve using the same to solve the problems of the plug-in type hydraulic lock in the prior art, such as a complex structure, a large volume and a low maximum flow capacity.

[0006] The utility model is implemented by using the following technical scheme: a hydraulic lock, comprising a valve body, the valve body is provided with a lock cavity, the valve body is provided with a first communication cavity in communication with the side of the lock cavity and a second communication cavity in communication with the bottom of the lock cavity, a lock core capable of sliding up and down and controlling the opening and closing of the first communication cavity and the second communication cavity is installed in the lock cavity, a plug is fixedly installed on the top of the lock cavity, a second spring is installed between the plug and the lock core, and a lock core lifting rod capable of sliding up and down is installed below the lock core.

[0007] Through the above structure, the valve body directly replaces the hydraulic lock valve sleeve, thereby simplifying the structure of the hydraulic lock. In the case of the same volume of holes in the valve body, the volume of the valve sleeve is reduced in the hydraulic lock of the device, so that the flow capacity of the hydraulic lock oil can be increased.

[0008] Preferably, the middle part of the lock core is vertically provided with a mounting hole, the bottom of the lock core is provided with a top hole, a top hole blocking ball capable of moving up and down is installed in the mounting hole, a baffle is installed at the top end of the mounting hole, the middle part of the baffle is provided with a through hole; the top end of the lock core top rod is provided with a top block capable of lifting the top hole blocking ball by passing through the top hole. Through the installation of the mounting hole and the top hole blocking ball, the top hole blocking ball will be lifted first before the lock core is opened, thereby completing the flow of the pilot oil, balancing the pressure, and making the lock core more stable when it is opened.

[0009] Preferably, a third spring is installed in the mounting hole, and the third spring is located between the baffle and the top hole blocking ball. Through the installation of the third spring, the top hole blocking ball can be reset faster.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the lock core is provided with a mounting groove in communication with the mounting hole, the baffle is located on the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the second spring is located between the baffle and the plug. Through the installation of the mounting groove, the length of the lock cavity can be appropriately reduced, and the occupied space of the device is further reduced.

[0011] A multi-way valve, comprising a multi-way valve, comprising the hydraulic lock described above, the valve body is provided with a transversely arranged switching valve cavity, a valve rod capable of switching three position states is slidably installed in the switching valve cavity, the valve body is further provided with an A working port, a B working port, a T oil return port and a P oil inlet port, the P oil inlet port is in communication with the switching valve cavity through a first oil inlet cavity, the B working port is in communication with the switching valve cavity through a first working cavity, the A working port is in communication with the first communication cavity of the hydraulic lock through a second working cavity, the second communication cavity of the hydraulic lock is in communication with the switching valve cavity, and the T oil return port is in communication with the switching valve cavity through an oil return cavity.

[0012] When the valve rod is in the first state, the first oil inlet cavity, the first working cavity, the oil return cavity and the second communication cavity are not in communication with each other; when the valve rod is in the second state, the first oil inlet cavity is in communication with the second communication cavity through the switching valve cavity, and the first working cavity is in communication with the oil return cavity through the switching valve cavity; when the valve rod is in the third state, the first oil inlet cavity is in communication with the first working cavity through the switching valve cavity, and the second communication cavity is in communication with the oil return cavity through the switching valve cavity.

[0013] Through the structure of the valve body built-in hydraulic lock described above, the installation of the hydraulic lock is more compact, the structure is simpler, and when the multi-way valve body is working, the flow of the hydraulic lock oil is larger, whether the actuator returns oil to the valve body through the A working port or the P oil inlet port supplies oil to the actuator through the A working port, it is faster, thereby making the reaction speed of the actuator faster.

[0014] Preferably, the valve body is provided with a second oil inlet cavity at a position on the side of the first oil inlet cavity, and the two ends of the second oil inlet cavity are communicated with the switching valve cavity; when the valve rod is in the second state, one end of the second oil inlet cavity is communicated with the first communication cavity, and the other end is communicated with the second communication cavity, so that the first communication cavity and the second communication cavity are communicated.

[0015] Preferably, the switching valve cavity is sequentially provided with a first cavity communicated with the first oil inlet cavity, a second cavity communicated with one end of the second oil inlet cavity, a third cavity communicated with the first working cavity, a fourth cavity communicated with the oil return cavity, a fifth cavity communicated with the second communication cavity, and a sixth cavity communicated with the other end of the second oil inlet cavity from left to right; the valve rod is sequentially provided with a first groove and a second groove for controlling the communication of the first cavity and the second cavity, a third groove for controlling the communication of the second cavity and the third cavity and the communication of the third cavity and the fourth cavity, and a fourth groove for controlling the communication of the fourth cavity and the fifth cavity and the communication of the fifth cavity and the sixth cavity. Through the arrangement of the several cavities of the switching valve cavity and the several grooves on the valve rod, the valve rod can control the on-off between the six cavities by switching three states.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom surface of the lock core top rod is a semicircular spherical surface, the bottom surface of the lock core top rod is in contact with the inner side of the fourth groove, and the right side surface of the fourth groove is an inclined surface; when the valve rod is in the first state, the lock core top rod is located at the lowest part of the inclined surface, and during the process that the valve rod is switched from the first state to the third state, the lock core top rod is driven upward on the inclined surface. The lock core is lifted by the upward movement of the lock core top rod driven by the valve rod, so that the hydraulic lock is opened, thereby facilitating the oil return of the actuator from the A working port to the T oil return port.

[0017] Preferably, the valve body is further provided with a pressure compensation valve at the position of the P oil inlet.

[0018] Preferably, the pressure compensation valve comprises a compensation valve cavity arranged on the valve body, the P oil inlet is communicated with one end of the compensation valve cavity, the middle part of the second oil inlet cavity is communicated with the other end of the compensation valve cavity, the end of the first oil inlet cavity away from the switching valve cavity is communicated with the middle part of the compensation valve cavity, and a compensation valve core is slidably arranged in the compensation valve cavity. One end of the compensation valve core is fixedly arranged with a first spring, and the other end of the first spring is communicated with the end of the compensation valve cavity away from the P oil inlet. Through the arrangement of the above structure, the compensation valve core can compare the pressure at the P oil inlet with the elastic force of the first oil inlet cavity, the second oil inlet cavity and the first spring, so as to automatically adjust the opening degree of the compensation valve core, and further realize the function of automatically adjusting the system pressure.

[0019] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0020] 1. By directly placing the hydraulic lock in the valve body, no longer need to be inserted through the valve sleeve, reducing the structure of the hydraulic lock, so that the hydraulic lock in the device is more convenient to manufacture, and also more in the process of manufacturing. Because of the existence of the valve sleeve, the hydraulic lock in the device has larger oil flow than the plug-in hydraulic lock in the same volume.

[0021] 2. By the application of the hydraulic lock in the multi-way valve, whether it is from the actuator to the T oil return port, or the P oil inlet to the actuator, the oil flow through the hydraulic lock is larger, thereby speeding up the response speed of the actuator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of the hydraulic lock in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the valve body when the valve rod is in the first state;

[0024] Figure 3 is a sectional view of the valve body when the valve rod is in the second state;

[0025] Figure 4 is a sectional view of the valve body when the valve rod is in the third state;

[0026] Figure 5 is Figure 1 is a local enlarged view of the "A" area in the utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1-valve body; 11-B working port; 12-A working port; 13-T oil return port; 14-P oil inlet; 15-first working cavity; 16-second working cavity; 17-oil return cavity; 18-first oil inlet cavity; 19-second oil inlet cavity; 2-valve rod; 21-first groove; 22-second groove; 23-third groove; 24-fourth groove; 3-switching valve cavity; 31-first cavity; 32-second cavity; 33-third cavity; 34-fourth cavity; 35-fifth cavity; 36-sixth cavity; 4-pressure compensation valve; 41-compensation valve core; 42-compensation valve cavity; 43-first spring; 51-plug; 52-second spring; 53-mounting groove; 54-first communication cavity; 55-lock cavity; 56-lock core; 57-second communication cavity; 58-lock core top rod; 59-top block; 60-baffle; 61-third spring; 62-mounting hole; 63-top hole plugging ball; 64-top hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The specific embodiments of the utility model are described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but not to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the utility model provides a kind of hydraulic lock, including the valve body 1 of hydraulic lock installation, be equipped with lock cavity 55 on valve body 1, first communication cavity 54 and second communication cavity 57 are further equipped with in valve body 1 with the bottom of lock cavity 55 communication;Specifically, second communication cavity 57 is below first communication cavity 54, the top end of second communication cavity 57 is communicated with the bottom end of lock cavity 55, and first communication cavity 54 is communicated with one side of the bottom of lock cavity 55.A lock core 56 that can slide up and down and control the on-off between first communication cavity 54 and second communication cavity 57 is installed in lock cavity 55, the top of lock cavity 55 is fixedly installed with plug 51, specifically, the valve body 1 on the top of lock cavity 55 is equipped with internal thread, and external thread is equipped on plug 51, plug 51 and valve body 1 are fixedly installed together by thread cooperation.In between plug 51 and lock core 56, second spring 52 is equipped, and lock core top rod 58 that can slide up and down is further installed on the position of valve body 1 below lock core 56, when lock core 56 is lifted, first communication cavity 54 and second communication cavity 57 are communicated.

[0032] A mounting hole 62 is vertically arranged in the middle of lock core 56, the bottom of lock core 56 is equipped with top hole 64 communicated with the top end and the bottom end of mounting hole 62, and top hole sealing ball 63 that can move up and down is installed in mounting hole 62, when top hole sealing ball 63 is located in the lowermost position, top hole 64 is blocked, and top hole 64 and mounting hole 62 are no longer communicated.The top end of mounting hole 62 is further equipped with baffle 60, and the middle of baffle 60 is equipped with through hole.Lock core top rod 58 is equipped with top block 59 that can lift top hole sealing ball 63 through top hole 64, and the cross-sectional dimension of top block 59 is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of top hole 64, i.e., when top block 59 lifts top hole sealing ball 63, it does not affect the flow of oil from top hole 64.In mounting hole 62, third spring 61 is installed, and third spring 61 is located between baffle 60 and top hole sealing ball 63.

[0033] The mounting slot 53 is communicated with the mounting hole 62, the baffle 60 is arranged on the bottom surface of the mounting slot 53, and the second spring 52 is located between the plug 51 and the baffle 60.

[0034] The baffle 60 can be fixedly arranged on the lock core 56 or be pushed against the lock core 56 by the second spring 52, and in any case, the baffle 60 will not be separated from the lock core 56 when the lock core 56 moves.

[0035] As further illustration of the present embodiment, the mounting slot 53, the mounting hole 62 and the top hole 64 are circular in cross section, the through hole of the baffle 60 is also circular, the cross section size of the mounting slot 53 is larger than that of the mounting hole 62, the cross section size of the mounting hole 62 is larger than that of the top hole 64 and the through hole of the baffle 60, the radius of the top hole sealing ball 63 is larger than the cross section size of the top hole 64 and the through hole of the baffle 60, and the mounting slot 53, the mounting hole 62, the top hole 64 and the through hole are coaxial.

[0036] The use principle of the hydraulic lock in the device is as follows:

[0037] When the oil needs to flow from the second communication cavity 57 to the first communication cavity 54, under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the top hole sealing ball 63 is pushed open, so that the pressure balance is realized, and then under the continuous action of the hydraulic pressure, the lock core 56 is pushed open, the second communication cavity 57 is communicated with the first communication cavity 54, and the oil flows from the second communication cavity 57 to the first communication cavity 54.

[0038] As shown in FIGS. Figure 4 The utility model also provides a multi-way valve, including above-mentioned hydraulic lock, be equipped with the switching valve cavity 3 of horizontal arrangement on the valve body 1, the valve rod 2 of being able to switch three position states is slidably installed in switching valve cavity 3, the valve body 1 is also equipped with A working port 12, B working port 11, T oil return port 13 and P oil inlet 14, P oil inlet 14 passes through first oil inlet cavity 18 and is communicated with switching valve cavity 3, B working port 11 passes through first working cavity 15 and is communicated with switching valve cavity 3, A working port 12 passes through second working cavity 16 and is communicated with the first communication cavity 54 of hydraulic lock, the second communication cavity 57 of hydraulic lock is communicated with switching valve cavity 3, T oil return port 13 passes through oil return cavity 17 and is communicated with switching valve cavity 3.

[0039] When the valve rod 2 is in the first state, the first oil inlet cavity 18, the first working cavity 15, the oil return cavity 17 and the second communication cavity 57 are not communicated with each other; when the valve rod 2 is in the second state, the oil inlet cavity is communicated with the second communication cavity 57 through the switching valve cavity 3, and the first working cavity 15 is communicated with the oil return cavity 17 through the switching valve cavity 3; when the valve rod 2 is in the third state, the first oil inlet cavity 18 is communicated with the first working cavity 15 through the switching valve cavity 3, and the second communication cavity 57 is communicated with the oil return cavity 17 through the switching valve cavity 3.

[0040] The valve body 1 is provided with a second oil inlet cavity 19 on the side of the first oil inlet cavity 18, and the two ends of the second oil inlet cavity 19 are communicated with the switching valve cavity 3; when the valve rod 2 is in the second state, one end of the second oil inlet cavity 19 is communicated with the first communication cavity 18, and the other end is communicated with the second communication cavity 57, so as to realize the communication between the first communication cavity 18 and the second communication cavity 57.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The switching valve cavity 3 is sequentially provided with a first cavity 31 communicated with the first oil inlet cavity 18, a second cavity 32 communicated with one end of the second oil inlet cavity 19, a third cavity 33 communicated with the first working cavity 15, a fourth cavity 34 communicated with the oil return cavity 17, a fifth cavity 35 communicated with the second communication cavity 57, and a sixth cavity 36 communicated with the other end of the second oil inlet cavity 19 from left to right. The diameters of the first cavity 31, the second cavity 32, the third cavity 33, the fourth cavity 34, the fifth cavity 35 and the sixth cavity 36 are all greater than that of the switching valve cavity 3.

[0042] The valve rod 2 is sequentially provided with a first groove 21, a second groove 22, a third groove 23 and a fourth groove 24 from left to right. When the valve rod 2 is in the first state, the first cavity 31, the second cavity 32, the third cavity 33, the fourth cavity 34, the fifth cavity 35 and the sixth cavity 36 are not communicated with each other; when the valve rod 2 is in the second state, the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 are communicated through the first groove 21, the third cavity 33 and the fourth cavity 34 are communicated through the third groove 23, and the fifth cavity 35 and the sixth cavity 36 are communicated through the fourth groove 24; when the valve rod 2 is in the third state, the first cavity 31 and the second cavity 32 are communicated through the second groove 22, the second cavity 32 and the third cavity 33 are communicated through the third groove 23, the fourth cavity 34 and the fifth cavity 35 are communicated through the fourth groove 24, and the sixth cavity 36 is blocked by the valve rod 2.

[0043] The up-and-down movement of the lock core top rod 58 in the device can be achieved in various ways. In the embodiment, the up-and-down movement of the lock core top rod 58 is mainly driven by the valve rod 2. Specifically, the bottom surface of the lock core top rod 58 is a semispherical surface, the bottom surface of the lock core top rod 58 is in contact with the inner side of the fourth groove 24, and the right side surface of the fourth groove 24 is an inclined surface. When the valve rod 2 is in the first state, the lock core top rod 58 is located at the lowest part of the inclined surface. When the valve rod 2 is switched from the first state to the third state, the lock core top rod 58 is driven by the inclined surface to move upward. When the valve rod 2 is switched from the third state to the first state, the lock core top rod 58 falls downward along the inclined surface under the action of its own gravity and the second spring 52.

[0044] The valve body 1 is also provided with a pressure compensation valve 4 at the position of the P oil inlet 14. The pressure compensation valve 4 in the device mainly includes a compensation valve cavity 42 provided on the valve body 1, and a compensation valve core 41 capable of moving left and right is installed in the compensation valve cavity 42. The P oil inlet 14 is in communication with one end of the compensation valve cavity 42, the first working cavity 15 is in communication with the middle part of the compensation valve cavity 42 away from the valve rod 2, and the middle part of the second working cavity 16 is in communication with the other end of the compensation valve cavity 42. The end of the compensation valve cavity 42 away from the P oil inlet 14 is fixedly connected with one end of the first spring 43, and the other end of the first spring 43 is fixedly connected with the compensation valve core 41. The compensation valve core 41 can adjust the opening degree of the compensation valve cavity 42 between the first working cavity 15 and the P oil inlet 14, and the compensation valve cavity 42 between the first working cavity 15 and the second working cavity 16 is always blocked by the compensation valve core 41. By comparing the pressure at the P oil inlet 14 with the pressure in the first working cavity 15 plus the pressure in the second working cavity 16 plus the elastic force of the first spring 43, the automatic adjustment of the pressure compensation valve 4 is realized.

[0045] The use principle of the multi-way valve in the device is as follows:

[0046] Taking the hydraulic cylinder as an example, the B working port 11 is connected with the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, and the A working port 12 is connected with the non-rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder. When the valve rod 2 is in the first state, the P inlet port does not pass the oil into the valve body, and the hydraulic cylinder is in a static state. When the valve rod 2 is in the second state, the P inlet port 14 passes the oil into the valve body 1, and the oil flows to the non-rod cavity through the A working port 12 in sequence through the first oil inlet cavity 18, the first groove 21, the second working cavity 16, the fourth groove 24, the hydraulic lock and the second working cavity 16. The oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder flows to the T return port 13 through the B working port 11 in sequence through the first working cavity 15, the third groove 23 and the oil return cavity 17. At this time, the piston rod is in the state of extending outward. When the valve rod 2 is in the third state, the P inlet port 14 passes the oil into the valve body 1, and the oil flows into the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder through the B working port 11 in sequence through the first working cavity 15, the second groove 22, the third groove 23 and the first working cavity 15. The oil in the non-rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder flows into the T return port 13 through the A working port 12 in sequence through the second working cavity 16, the hydraulic lock, the fourth groove 24 and the oil return cavity 17. At this time, the piston rod of the hydraulic rod is in the state of being retracted.

[0047] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make some improvements and replacements without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and replacements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Hydraulic lock comprising a valve body (1), characterized in that, The valve body (1) is provided with a lock cavity (55), the valve body (1) is provided with a first communication cavity (54) in communication with the side of the lock cavity (55) and a second communication cavity (57) in communication with the bottom of the lock cavity (55), a lock core (56) capable of sliding up and down and controlling the on-off of the first communication cavity (54) and the second communication cavity (57) is installed in the lock cavity (55), a plug (51) is fixedly installed on the top of the lock cavity (55), a second spring (52) is installed between the plug (51) and the lock core (56), and a lock core top rod (58) capable of sliding up and down is installed on the position below the lock core (56) of the valve body (1).

2. The hydraulic lock of claim 1, wherein, A mounting hole (62) is vertically arranged in the middle of the lock core (56), a top hole (64) is arranged at the bottom of the lock core (56), a top hole blocking ball (63) capable of moving up and down is installed in the mounting hole (62), a baffle (60) is installed at the top of the mounting hole (62), and a through hole is arranged in the middle of the baffle (60); the top end of the lock core top rod (58) is provided with a top block (59) capable of lifting the top hole blocking ball (63) through the top hole (64).

3. The hydraulic lock of claim 2, wherein, The third spring (61) is installed in the mounting hole (62) and located between the baffle (60) and the top hole blocking ball (63).

4. The hydraulic lock of claim 3, wherein, The top of the lock core (56) is provided with a mounting groove (53) in communication with the mounting hole (62), the baffle (60) is located on the bottom surface of the mounting groove (53), and the second spring (52) is located between the baffle (60) and the plug (51).

5. A multi-way valve comprising a hydraulic lock according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The valve body (1) is provided with a transversely arranged switching valve cavity (3), a valve rod (2) capable of switching three position states is slidably installed in the switching valve cavity (3), the valve body (1) is further provided with an A working port (12), a B working port (11), a T oil return port (13) and a P oil inlet port (14), the P oil inlet port (14) is in communication with the switching valve cavity (3) through a first oil inlet cavity (18), the B working port (11) is in communication with the switching valve cavity (3) through a first working cavity (15), the A working port (12) is in communication with the first communication cavity (54) of the hydraulic lock through a second working cavity (16), the second communication cavity (57) of the hydraulic lock is in communication with the switching valve cavity (3), and the T oil return port (13) is in communication with the switching valve cavity (3) through an oil return cavity (17); When the valve rod (2) is in the first state, the first oil inlet cavity (18), the first working cavity (15), the oil return cavity (17) and the second communication cavity (57) are not in communication with each other; when the valve rod (2) is in the second state, the first oil inlet cavity (18) is in communication with the second communication cavity (57) through the switching valve cavity (3), and the first working cavity (15) is in communication with the oil return cavity (17) through the switching valve cavity (3); when the valve rod (2) is in the third state, the first oil inlet cavity (18) is in communication with the first working cavity (15) through the switching valve cavity (3), and the second communication cavity (57) is in communication with the oil return cavity (17) through the switching valve cavity (3).

6. The multi-way valve according to claim 5, wherein The valve body (1) is provided with a second oil inlet cavity (19) on the side of the first oil inlet cavity (18), and the two ends of the second oil inlet cavity (19) are communicated with the switching valve cavity (3); when the valve rod (2) is in the second state, one end of the second oil inlet cavity (19) is communicated with the first oil inlet cavity (18), and the other end is communicated with the second communication cavity (57), so that the first oil inlet cavity (18) is communicated with the second communication cavity (57).

7. The multi-way valve according to claim 6, wherein The switching valve cavity (3) is provided with a first cavity (31) communicated with the first oil inlet cavity (18), a second cavity (32) communicated with one end of the second oil inlet cavity (19), a third cavity (33) communicated with the first working cavity (15), a fourth cavity (34) communicated with the oil return cavity (17), a fifth cavity (35) communicated with the second communication cavity (57), and a sixth cavity (36) communicated with the other end of the second oil inlet cavity (19) from left to right.

8. The multi-way valve according to claim 7, wherein The bottom surface of the lock core top rod (58) is a semicircular spherical surface, the bottom surface of the lock core top rod (58) is in contact with the inner side of the fourth groove (24), and the right side surface of the fourth groove (24) is an inclined surface; when the valve rod (2) is in the first state, the lock core top rod (58) is located at the lowest part of the inclined surface; during the switching of the valve rod (2) from the first state to the third state, the lock core top rod (58) moves upward under the driving of the inclined surface.

9. The multi-way valve of claim 6, wherein, The valve body (1) is further provided with a pressure compensation valve (4) at the position of the P oil inlet (14).

10. The multi-way valve of claim 9, wherein, The pressure compensation valve (4) comprises a compensation valve cavity (42) provided on the valve body (1), the P oil inlet (14) is communicated with one end of the compensation valve cavity (42), the middle part of the second oil inlet cavity (19) is communicated with the other end of the compensation valve cavity (42), the end of the first oil inlet cavity (18) away from the switching valve cavity (3) is communicated with the middle part of the compensation valve cavity (42), and the compensation valve core (41) is slidably installed in the compensation valve cavity (42). One end of the compensation valve core (41) is fixedly installed with the first spring (43), and the other end of the first spring (43) is communicated with the end of the compensation valve cavity (42) away from the P oil inlet (14).

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