Power battery frame, power battery and electric vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a power battery frame, a power battery and an electric vehicle, the power battery frame comprises a frame body and an explosion-proof valve, the frame body is internally provided with a pressure relief cavity and a flow guide channel communicated with the pressure relief cavity, and the frame body is provided with a first end face and a second end face which are opposite in the first direction; the flow guide channel penetrates through the second end face. The anti-explosion valve is arranged on the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity, and the anti-explosion valve is provided with a pressure relief channel extending in the preset direction; wherein the preset direction intersects with the first direction. High-temperature flue gas exhausted along the pressure relief channel of the anti-explosion valve can be directionally guided, flowing of the high-temperature flue gas in the preset direction is adjusted to flow in the first direction of the frame body, and the high-temperature flue gas is guided to flow in the expected direction; therefore, the high-temperature flue gas can avoid parts such as vehicle body wire harnesses, pipelines and oil tanks around the power battery on the electric vehicle, and the parts are prevented from being damaged by the high-temperature flue gas.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power batteries, in particular to a power battery frame, a power battery and an electric vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to improve the safety of the power battery, the power battery is usually provided with an explosion-proof valve. When the power battery is subjected to high temperature, extrusion, collision and the like, causing the internal battery cell to catch fire, the explosion-proof valve can be pried open by the high-temperature flue gas generated by the fire, so as to discharge the high-temperature flue gas and avoid explosion of the power battery.

[0003] In the related art, the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve is easy to cause damage to the vehicle body harness, pipeline, fuel tank and the like of the electric vehicle around the power battery. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application provides a power battery frame, a power battery and an electric vehicle, which can solve the problem that in the related art, the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve is easy to cause damage to the vehicle body harness, pipeline, fuel tank and the like of the electric vehicle around the power battery.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power battery frame, comprising:

[0006] a frame body, the inside of the frame body having a pressure relief cavity and a flow guide channel communicating with the pressure relief cavity, the frame body having opposite first and second end faces along a first direction, the flow guide channel penetrating through the second end face;

[0007] an explosion-proof valve arranged on a cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity, the explosion-proof valve having a pressure relief channel extending along a preset direction; wherein the preset direction intersects the first direction.

[0008] The present application provides a scheme, by arranging the explosion-proof valve on the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity of the frame body, and arranging the flow guide channel communicating with the pressure relief cavity on the second end face of the frame body along the first direction close to the ground, the high-temperature flue gas discharged along the pressure relief channel of the explosion-proof valve can be directionally guided, the flow of the high-temperature flue gas along the preset direction is adjusted to flow along the first direction of the frame body, the high-temperature flue gas is guided to flow in the expected direction, for example, the high-temperature flue gas is guided to flow towards the ground, so that the high-temperature flue gas avoids the vehicle body harness, pipeline, fuel tank and the like around the power battery of the electric vehicle, and the damage of the high-temperature flue gas to the components is avoided. Therefore, the present application can solve the problem that in the related art, the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve is easy to cause damage to the vehicle body harness, pipeline, fuel tank and the like of the electric vehicle around the power battery.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the pressure relief cavity has opposite first and second side walls;

[0010] The explosion-proof valve is arranged on the first side wall, and the explosion-proof valve comprises a valve cover, and a gap is reserved between an end surface of the valve cover and the second side wall.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing possible implementation manners, in a possible implementation manner, a size of the gap is greater than or equal to 30 mm.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing possible implementation manners, in a possible implementation manner, the second side wall of the pressure relief cavity is provided with an opening portion.

[0013] The power battery further comprises:

[0014] A cover plate detachably covers the opening portion.

[0015] With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing possible implementation manners, in a possible implementation manner, a size of a normal projection of the opening portion on the first side wall is greater than a size of a normal projection of the explosion-proof valve on the first side wall.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing possible implementation manners, in a possible implementation manner, a plurality of pressure relief cavities are arranged at intervals.

[0017] A plurality of explosion-proof valves are arranged one by one corresponding to the plurality of pressure relief cavities.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing possible implementation manners, in a possible implementation manner, the frame body further has a flow channel.

[0019] Two adjacent pressure relief cavities are communicated through the flow channel.

[0020] In a second aspect, the application further provides a power battery, comprising:

[0021] A battery cell;

[0022] The power battery frame as described in any one of the foregoing first aspects, wherein the frame body surrounds the battery cell.

[0023] With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the frame body comprises a plurality of connected first frames and second frames, a length of the first frame is less than a length of the second frame.

[0024] The pressure relief cavity is arranged on the first frame and / or the second frame.

[0025] In a third aspect, the application further provides an electric vehicle, comprising:

[0026] The power battery according to the second aspect; wherein the first direction is a vehicle height direction, and the second end surface is closer to the ground than the first end surface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the embodiments. The detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a power battery provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of a partial I in the power battery;

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a bottom view of the power battery;

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of a partial II in the power battery;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 3 is a partial sectional structural schematic diagram of the power battery along the line A-A.

[0033] The following is an explanation of the reference signs in the drawings:

[0034] 1 - power battery;

[0035] 100 - frame body; 101 - first end surface; 102 - second end surface;

[0036] 110 - first frame;

[0037] 120 - second frame;

[0038] 130 - pressure relief cavity; 131 - first side wall; 1321 - opening part; 133 - peripheral wall; 1331 - flow guide channel;

[0039] 200 - explosion-proof valve; 210 - valve cover; d - gap;

[0040] 300 - cover plate;

[0041] 400 - top plate; 500 - bottom plate;

[0042] Z - first direction; X - second direction; Y - third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0045] Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment, nor is it necessarily mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing", etc. should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "a plurality of groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents that the front and rear associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0050] In order to improve the safety of the power battery, the power battery is usually provided with an explosion-proof valve. When the power battery is subjected to high temperature, extrusion, collision and the like, causing the internal battery cell to catch fire, the explosion-proof valve can be pushed open by the high-temperature flue gas generated by the fire, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged to avoid explosion of the power battery.

[0051] In the related art, the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve is easy to cause damage to the body harness, pipeline, oil tank and other components around the power battery on the electric vehicle.

[0052] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a power battery frame, a power battery and an electric vehicle. The power battery frame, the power battery and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The electric vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present application includes a power battery 1. The power battery 1 is a power source for providing power for the electric vehicle, can store electric energy, and release electric energy when needed to drive the electric vehicle to move.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present application, the power battery 1 includes a battery cell and a power battery frame. The battery cell is the basic unit for storing energy of the power battery 1, and the battery cell can be a cylindrical battery cell, a square battery cell and a soft package battery cell, etc. The specific structure of the battery cell is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application, and the designer can select a suitable battery cell for the power battery 1 according to actual needs.

[0055] The power battery frame includes a frame body 100 and an explosion-proof valve 200. In addition, a top plate 400 and a bottom plate 500 arranged on the upper and lower sides of the frame body 100 can also be included. The frame body 100 surrounds the battery cell. The frame body 100 has a pressure relief cavity 130 and a flow guide channel 1331 communicating with the pressure relief cavity 130 in the interior of the frame body 100. The frame body 100 has opposite first and second end faces 101 and 102 along a first direction Z. The second end face 102 is closer to the ground than the first end face 101. The flow guide channel 1331 penetrates the second end face 102. The explosion-proof valve 200 is arranged on the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity 130. The explosion-proof valve 200 has a pressure relief channel extending in a preset direction. The preset direction intersects the first direction Z.

[0056] It can be understood that for the power battery 1 installed on an electric vehicle, the first direction Z of the frame body 100 of the power battery 1 can be a vertical direction or a vehicle height direction. Therefore, the first end face 101 of the frame body 100 can be an end face of the frame body 100 away from the ground, and the second end face 102 of the frame body 100 can be an end face of the frame body 100 close to the ground. The flow guide channel 1331 is arranged at the second end face 102, that is, the flow guide channel 1331 is arranged at the end face of the frame body 100 close to the ground.

[0057] It should be noted that the frame body 100 can include a plurality of connected first and second frames 110 and 120. The length of the first frame 110 is less than the length of the second frame 120. For example, referring to Figure 1 , the frame body 100 can be rectangular. The rectangular frame body 100 can be a rectangular structure surrounded by two opposite first frames 110 and two opposite second frames 120. The pressure relief cavity 130 can be arranged on the first frame 110 with a shorter length. Of course, the pressure relief cavity 130 can also be arranged on the second frame 120 with a longer length. In addition, the pressure relief cavity 130 can also be arranged on both the first and second frames 110 and 120.

[0058] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 , for the rectangular frame body 100, when the explosion-proof valve 200 is arranged on the pressure relief cavity 130 of the first frame 110, the pressure relief channel extending in the preset direction on the explosion-proof valve 200 can extend along the second direction X of the frame body 100, that is, the preset direction can be parallel to the second direction X of the frame body 100. In addition, when the explosion-proof valve 200 is arranged on the pressure relief cavity (not shown in the figure) of the second frame 120, the pressure relief channel extending in the preset direction on the explosion-proof valve 200 can extend along the third direction Y of the frame body 100, that is, the preset direction can be parallel to the third direction Y of the frame body 100.

[0059] The scheme provided by the embodiments of the present application can guide the high-temperature flue gas discharged along the pressure relief channel of the explosion-proof valve 200 to flow along the first direction Z of the frame body 100 by setting the explosion-proof valve 200 in the pressure relief cavity 130 of the frame body 100 and setting the flow guide channel 1331 communicating with the pressure relief cavity 130 at the second end surface 102 of the frame body 100 close to the ground along the first direction Z, adjusting the flow of the high-temperature flue gas along the preset direction of the explosion-proof valve 200 to the flow along the first direction Z of the frame body 100, guiding the high-temperature flue gas to flow in the expected direction, for example, guiding the high-temperature flue gas to flow towards the ground, so that the high-temperature flue gas avoids the vehicle body harness, pipeline, oil tank and other components around the power battery 1 of the electric vehicle, and the components are prevented from being damaged by the high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, the present application can solve the problem that the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve in the related art is easy to damage the vehicle body harness, pipeline, oil tank and other components around the power battery of the electric vehicle.

[0060] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the pressure relief cavity 130 has opposite first and second side walls (not shown in the figure); the explosion-proof valve 200 is arranged on the first side wall 131, and the explosion-proof valve 200 includes a valve cover 210, and a gap d is reserved between the end surface of the valve cover 210 and the second side wall. As shown in Figure 5 , the first side wall 131 can be provided with a threaded hole, and the explosion-proof valve 200 can be installed on the first side wall 131 in a threaded connection manner.

[0061] As shown in Figure 5 , the high-temperature flue gas discharged along the pressure relief channel of the explosion-proof valve 200 changes the flow direction after acting on the second side wall and flows out of the flow guide channel 1331. Referring to the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 5 , the high-temperature flue gas generated by the power battery 1 is first discharged from the pressure relief channel along the second direction X upwards from the inside to the outside, and then changes the direction to be discharged to the left along the first direction Z after entering the pressure relief cavity 130 and being blocked by the second side wall. The embodiments of the present application can provide a flow passage for the high-temperature flue gas by reserving the gap d between the end surface of the valve cover 210 and the second side wall. In order to make the flue gas discharged from the pressure relief cavity 130 as quickly as possible, in some embodiments, the size of the gap d can be greater than or equal to 30 mm. Exemplarily, the size of the gap d can be 30 mm, 32 mm, 34 mm, 35 mm, 36 mm, 38 mm, 40 mm, etc.

[0062] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 5In some embodiments, the second side wall of the pressure relief cavity 130 is provided with an opening part 1321; the power battery 1 can further include a cover plate 300 which detachably covers the opening part 1321. It can be understood that the first side wall 131 of the pressure relief cavity 130 is provided with the explosion-proof valve 200, and the second side wall opposite to the first side wall 131 is provided with the opening part 1321, and the cover plate 300 covers the opening part 1321, so that the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the pressure relief channel of the explosion-proof valve 200 can be changed, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged to the left from the flow guide channel 1331. The size of the cover plate 300 is matched with the size of the opening part 1321, and the designer can open the opening part 1321 with a suitable size according to the size of the explosion-proof valve 200, and the embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations thereon. The detachable cover plate 300 can also facilitate the installation, replacement and maintenance of the explosion-proof valve 200. By setting the cover plate 300 with a size matched with the opening part 1321, when the explosion-proof valve 200 needs to be replaced and maintained, the cover plate 300 only needs to be removed, and the explosion-proof valve 200 can be directly exposed, which is convenient for the operation of the maintenance and repair personnel.

[0063] In some embodiments, the size of the orthographic projection of the opening part 1321 on the first side wall 131 is greater than the size of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve 200 on the first side wall 131. In other words, the opening size of the opening part 1321 is greater than the outer contour size of the explosion-proof valve. In this way, when the explosion-proof valve 200 is replaced and maintained, the larger opening part 1321 can provide a larger working space, and after the cover plate 300 is removed, the maintenance and repair personnel can conveniently take out the explosion-proof valve 200 from the pressure relief cavity 130 through the large-size opening part 1321, or put the explosion-proof valve 200 into the pressure relief cavity 130 from the outside of the power battery 1, thereby effectively improving the convenience of replacing and maintaining the explosion-proof valve 200.

[0064] In some embodiments, the pressure relief cavity 130 further has a peripheral wall 133 which is arranged between the first side wall 131 and the second side wall; the flow guide channel 1331 is arranged on the peripheral wall 133, and the orthographic projection of the flow guide channel 1331 on the first end surface 101 is a rectangle. It can be understood that for the pressure relief cavity 130 with a cylindrical cavity, in addition to the first side wall 131 and the second side wall which are arranged at intervals, the peripheral wall 133 is arranged between the first side wall 131 and the second side wall. The peripheral wall 133 is a side wall which surrounds the edges of the first side wall 131 and the second side wall. In the embodiments of the present application, the flow guide channel 1331 is arranged on the peripheral wall 133 and communicates with the pressure relief cavity 130, and the flow guide channel 1331 is arranged in a rectangular shape, so that the speed of discharging the high-temperature flue gas can be improved on the basis of fully utilizing the space of the first bez 110 and the second bez 120 of the frame body 100.

[0065] The number of pressure relief cavities 130 is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. The number of pressure relief cavities 130 can be only one or multiple. When the number of pressure relief cavities 130 is multiple, the multiple pressure relief cavities 130 are arranged at intervals. Correspondingly, the number of explosion-proof valves 200 can also be one or multiple. The multiple explosion-proof valves 200 are arranged one by one corresponding to the multiple pressure relief cavities 130. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, two pressure relief cavities 130 can be arranged at intervals in the first frame body 110. Figure 1

[0066] In some embodiments, when the number of pressure relief cavities 130 is multiple, the frame body 100 can also have a flow channel (not shown in the figure); the adjacent two pressure relief cavities 130 are communicated through the flow channel. In this way, for the adjacent two pressure relief cavities 130, when the explosion-proof valve 200 in one of the pressure relief cavities 130 is opened, the high-temperature flue gas discharged by the explosion-proof valve 200 can be discharged not only through the flow guide channel 1331 of the pressure relief cavity 130, but also from the flow guide channel 1331 of the other pressure relief cavity 130 through the flow channel, thereby enabling the high-temperature flue gas to be quickly discharged. It can be understood that the designer can reasonably design the length and diameter of the flow channel according to the distance between the adjacent two pressure relief cavities 130, the capacity of the power battery 1 and other factors, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be covered in the scope of the claims and the specification of the present application. Especially, as long as there is no structural conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the text, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.​

Claims

1. A power battery frame, characterized in that, The application relates to a power battery frame. The frame body (100) has a pressure relief cavity (130) and a flow guide channel (1331) communicating with the pressure relief cavity (130) in the interior of the frame body, the frame body (100) has opposite first and second end faces (101) and (102) along a first direction (Z), and the flow guide channel (1331) penetrates through the second end face (102); An explosion-proof valve (200) is arranged on the cavity wall of the pressure relief cavity (130), and the explosion-proof valve (200) has a pressure relief channel extending along a preset direction; wherein the preset direction intersects the first direction (Z).

2. The power battery frame of claim 1, wherein, The pressure relief cavity (130) has opposite first and second side walls (131) and (132); The explosion-proof valve (200) is arranged on the first side wall (131), and the explosion-proof valve (200) comprises a valve cover (210), and a gap (d) is reserved between the end face of the valve cover (210) and the second side wall.

3. The power battery frame of claim 2, wherein, The size of the gap (d) is greater than or equal to 30 mm.

4. The power battery frame of claim 2, wherein, The second side wall of the pressure relief cavity (130) is provided with an opening part (1321); The power battery (1) further comprises: A cover plate (300) detachably covers the opening part (1321).

5. The power battery frame of claim 4, wherein, The size of the orthographic projection of the opening part (1321) on the first side wall (131) is greater than the size of the orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve (200) on the first side wall (131).

6. The power battery frame of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The number of the pressure relief cavities (130) is multiple, and the multiple pressure relief cavities (130) are arranged at intervals. The number of the explosion-proof valves (200) is multiple, and the multiple explosion-proof valves (200) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple pressure relief cavities (130).

7. The power battery frame of claim 6, wherein, The frame body (100) further has a flow channel; Two adjacent pressure relief cavities (130) are communicated through the flow channel.

8. A power cell (1), characterized by The application relates to a power battery frame. The frame body (100) surrounds the electric core. The frame body (100) comprises multiple connected first and second frames (110) and (120), the length of the first frame (110) is smaller than the length of the second frame (120); 9. The power cell (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that The pressure relief cavity (130) is arranged on the first frame (110) and / or the second frame (120). The application relates to a power battery (1).

10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising: The first direction (Z) is the vehicle height direction, and the second end face (102) is closer to the ground than the first end face (101). ​

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