Ka frequency band antenna
By employing a reasonable arrangement of unit horn array antennas and optimizing port design in Ka-band antennas, the problems of excessively low gain, excessively high VSWR, and excessively high circular polarization axial ratio were solved, thereby improving the overall performance of the antenna.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423194569.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-24
AI Technical Summary
Existing Ka-band antennas suffer from problems such as low gain, high VSWR, and high circular polarization axial ratio, which affect clutter interference and maximum gain performance.
The unit horn array antennas are evenly distributed on the antenna carrier with a spacing of 18.5mm between each other. They support left and right circular polarization and use BJ220 and BJ320 standard waveguide ports. The isolation is greater than 85dB. The antenna layout is optimized to improve gain and reduce VSWR.
This achieves greater antenna gain, lower VSWR, and lower circular polarization axial ratio, improving the overall performance of the antenna.
Smart Images
Figure CN223871698U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to a Ka-band antenna. Background Technology
[0002] Antennas are transducers that establish bidirectional information transmission channels between satellites to achieve inter-satellite communication. However, the current arrangement of Ka-band antennas presents layout problems. Each antenna element generates different clutter interference during transmission and reception, increasing the circular polarization axial ratio and antenna VSWR. Furthermore, the small arrangement of each antenna element also affects the antenna's maximum gain. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a small, simple, reliable, and high-gain Ka-band antenna, which is a technical problem that those skilled in the art need to solve.
[0003] During actual use, the inventors discovered that these prior art technologies have at least the following technical problems:
[0004] 1. Antenna gain is too low.
[0005] 2. The antenna VSWR is too high.
[0006] 3. The axial ratio of the antenna's circular polarization is too large. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems. In view of the problems of low antenna gain and high VSWR in the prior art, this invention proposes a Ka-band antenna that increases antenna gain and reduces VSWR through reasonable arrangement.
[0008] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to achieve the above objectives is as follows:
[0009] A KA-band antenna includes a unit horn array antenna and an antenna carrier plate. The unit horn array antennas are evenly distributed on the antenna carrier plate, and the spacing between the unit horn array antennas is 18.5 mm.
[0010] Preferably, the antenna carrier has a length of 300mm, a width of 300mm, and a thickness of 40mm.
[0011] Ideally, the unit horn array antenna has 256 units.
[0012] Preferably, the operating frequency of the unit horn array antenna is 19.10~20.20GHz in the data receiving state and 29.00~30.00GHz in the data transmitting state.
[0013] Preferably, the polarization of the unit horn antenna is a left- or right-hand circular polarization that supports automatic switching.
[0014] Preferably, the unit horn array antenna is provided with a transmit port and a receive port for signals in two frequency bands.
[0015] Preferably, the receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0016] Ideally, the isolation between the transmit port and the receive port should be greater than or equal to 85dB.
[0017] Ideally, the transmit lobe characteristics and sidelobe characteristics of a single-element horn array antenna should satisfy the following conditions:
[0018] When D / λ > 50:
[0019] 29-25log φ dBi2° ≤φ≤7°;
[0020] 8 dBi7° < φ≤9.2°;
[0021] 32-25log φ dBi9.2°<φ≤48°;
[0022] -10 dBi 48° < φ ≤ 180°;
[0023] When D / λ≤50:
[0024] 32-25log φ dBi2° ≤φ≤48°;
[0025] -10 dBi 48° < φ ≤ 180°;
[0026] Where: D is the antenna aperture; λ is the electromagnetic wave wavelength; φ is the angle between the deflection direction and the main axis of the beam, in degrees (°).
[0027] Preferably, the total weight of this utility model is less than 3kg.
[0028] Preferably, the gain of this invention is greater than or equal to 35.0 + 20lg(f / 19.5) dBi when receiving data; and greater than or equal to 39.0 + 20lg(f / 29.7) dBi when transmitting data.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this utility model has the following advantages / benefits:
[0030] 1. By arranging the unit horn array antennas reasonably with a spacing of 18.5mm, a larger antenna gain, a smaller antenna VSWR, and a smaller antenna axial ratio were obtained. Attached Figure Description
[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Ka-band antenna according to this utility model.
[0033] Figure 2 This is the standing wave diagram of the receiving antenna of this utility model.
[0034] Figure 3 This is the standing wave diagram of the transmitting antenna of this utility model.
[0035] Figure 4 This is a waveform diagram of the gain of the receiving antenna of this utility model.
[0036] Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram of the gain of the transmitting antenna of this utility model.
[0037] Figure 6 This is the waveform diagram of the axial ratio of the receiving antenna of this utility model.
[0038] Figure 7 This is the waveform diagram of the axial ratio of the transmitting antenna of this utility model.
[0039] Figure 8 This is a waveform diagram of the sidelobe of the transmitting antenna of this utility model. Detailed Implementation
[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of this utility model.
[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0042] Example 1:
[0043] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model is a flat antenna with a thin and light body.
[0044] The antenna includes a unit horn array antenna and an antenna carrier plate, with the unit horn array antennas evenly distributed on the antenna carrier plate.
[0045] The spacing between the unit horn array antennas is 18.5mm.
[0046] The antenna carrier is 300mm long, 300mm wide, and 40mm thick.
[0047] The array consists of 256 horn array antennas.
[0048] The antenna operates at a frequency of 19.10~20.20GHz when receiving data and 29.00~30.00GHz when transmitting data.
[0049] The antenna is polarized in a left- or right-hand circular polarization that supports automatic switching.
[0050] The unit horn array antenna is equipped with transmit and receive ports for signals in two frequency bands.
[0051] The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0052] The isolation between the transmit port and the receive port is greater than or equal to 85dB.
[0053] Example 2: Based on the above examples, this example further limits the antenna carrier board to a length of 290mm, a width of 300mm, and a thickness of 40mm.
[0054] The unit array antenna has 256 units.
[0055] The antenna operates at a frequency of 19 GHz when receiving data and 30.00 GHz when transmitting data.
[0056] The unit horn array antenna is equipped with transmit and receive ports for signals in two frequency bands.
[0057] The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0058] The isolation between the transmit port and the receive port is greater than or equal to 85dB.
[0059] A test platform was built according to the GJB2547-95 equipment testability outline, and the receiving port and transmitting port were connected to the test platform for simulation testing.
[0060] like Figure 2As shown, the vertical axis represents the standing wave ratio (SWR), and the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency. Within the receiving frequency band, the antenna SWR is ≤1.33.
[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the vertical axis represents the standing wave ratio (VSWR), and the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency. Within the transmission frequency band, the antenna VSWR is ≤1.14.
[0062] Example 3: Based on the above examples, this example further limits the antenna carrier board to a length of 285mm, a width of 290mm, and a thickness of 40mm.
[0063] The array consists of 256 horn array antennas.
[0064] The antenna operates at a frequency of 20 GHz when receiving data and 29 GHz when transmitting data.
[0065] The unit horn array antenna is equipped with transmit and receive ports for signals in two frequency bands.
[0066] The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0067] The isolation between the transmit and receive ports is 100dB.
[0068] A test platform was built according to the GJB2547-95 equipment testability outline, and the receiving port and transmitting port were connected to the test platform for simulation testing.
[0069] according to Figure 4 As shown, the vertical axis represents gain, and the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency. The maximum normal gain of the receiving antenna using the Ka-band antenna in this embodiment is 34.89 dBi@19.1 GHz; 35.10 dBi@19.6 GHz; and 35.29 dBi@20.2 GHz.
[0070] according to Figure 5 As shown, the vertical axis represents gain, and the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency. The maximum normal gain of its transmitting antenna is 39.67 dBi at 29 GHz and 39.79 dBi at 29.5 GHz. 39.71dBi@30GHz .
[0071] Example 4: Based on the above examples, this example further limits the antenna carrier board to a length of 290mm, a width of 300mm, and a thickness of 40mm.
[0072] The unit horn array antenna has 256 units.
[0073] The antenna operates at a frequency of 19 GHz when receiving data and 30 GHz when transmitting data.
[0074] The unit horn array antenna is equipped with transmit and receive ports for signals in two frequency bands.
[0075] The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0076] The isolation between the transmit port and the receive port is greater than or equal to 85dB.
[0077] A test platform was built according to the GJB2547-95 equipment testability outline, and the receiving port and transmitting port were connected to the test platform for simulation testing.
[0078] according to Figure 6 As shown, the vertical axis represents the axial ratio, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency, the receiving antenna polarization is right-hand circular polarization, and the axial ratio is ≤2.17;
[0079] according to Figure 7 As shown, the vertical axis represents the axial ratio, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency, the transmitting antenna polarization is left-hand circular polarization, and the axial ratio is ≤0.61.
[0080] Example 5: Based on the above examples, this example further limits the antenna carrier board to a length of 290mm, a width of 300mm, and a thickness of 40mm.
[0081] The array consists of 256 horn array antennas.
[0082] The antenna operates at a frequency of 19 GHz when receiving data and 30.00 GHz when transmitting data.
[0083] The unit horn array antenna is equipped with transmit and receive ports for signals in two frequency bands.
[0084] The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
[0085] The isolation between the transmit port and the receive port is greater than or equal to 85dB.
[0086] A test platform was built according to the GJB2547-95 equipment testability outline, and the receiving port and transmitting port were connected to the test platform for simulation testing.
[0087] According to the specifications, the antenna size is <50λ. The side lobe envelope of the black curve in the figure below is calculated and fitted according to the formula required by the specifications.
[0088] like Figure 8 As shown, the vertical axis represents the ratio of antenna aperture to electromagnetic wave wavelength, and the horizontal axis represents the included angle. When D / λ > 50:
[0089] 29-25log φ dBi 2° ≤φ≤7°;
[0090] 8 dBi 7° < φ ≤ 9.2°;
[0091] 32-25log φ dBi 9.2°<φ≤48°;
[0092] -10 dBi 48°<φ≤180°;
[0093] When D / λ≤50:
[0094] 32-25log φ dBi 2° ≤φ≤48°;
[0095] -10 dBi 48°<φ≤180°;
[0096] Where: D is the antenna aperture; λ is the electromagnetic wave wavelength; φ is the angle between the deflection direction and the main axis of the beam, in degrees (°).
[0097] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.
[0098] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limitations on this utility model, and the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope defined in the claims. For those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A Ka-band antenna, characterized in that, The device includes a unit horn array antenna and an antenna carrier plate, wherein the unit horn array antennas are evenly distributed on the antenna carrier plate; the unit horn array antennas are spaced 18.5 mm apart. The antenna carrier plate is 300mm long, 300mm wide, and 40mm thick.
2. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit horn array antenna consists of 256 units.
3. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna operates at a frequency of 19.10~20.20GHz when receiving data and 29.00~30.00GHz when transmitting data.
4. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna is polarized in a left- or right-hand circular polarization that supports automatic switching.
5. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit horn array antenna is equipped with a transmit port and a receive port for signals in two frequency bands.
6. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The receiving port uses the BJ220 standard waveguide; the transmitting port uses the BJ320 standard waveguide.
7. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The isolation between the transmit port and the receive port is greater than or equal to 85dB.
8. A Ka-band antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmit lobe and sidelobe characteristics of the antenna satisfy the following conditions: When D / λ > 50: 29-25log φ dBi 2° ≤φ≤7°; 8 dBi 7° < φ ≤ 9.2°; 32-25log φ dBi 9.2°<φ≤48°; -10 dBi 48°<φ≤180°; When D / λ≤50: 32-25log φ dBi 2° ≤φ≤48°; -10 dBi 48°<φ≤180°; Where: D is the antenna aperture; λ is the electromagnetic wave wavelength; φ is the angle between the deflection direction and the main axis of the beam, in degrees.