Surface layer cleaning device in shaft workpiece forging and pressing process

Abstract

The utility model discloses a surface layer cleaning device in the shaft workpiece forging and pressing process, the shaft workpiece comprises forging and pressing hammer heads during forging and pressing, the bottom of each forging and pressing hammer head is provided with a base for driving the forging and pressing hammer head to do axial reciprocating motion, and the surface layer cleaning device is arranged on the forging and pressing hammer heads and covers the bases within the projection range. And the surface layer cleaning device is used for receiving the surface layer on the shaft workpiece and guiding the surface layer downwards. The surface layer cleaning device is arranged on the forging and pressing hammer head and covers the base within the projection range, so that oxide skin is prevented from falling between the forging and pressing hammer head and the base and entering the base, cleanliness between the base and the forging and pressing hammer head is guaranteed, stable reciprocating motion of the forging and pressing hammer head is kept, and the service life of the forging and pressing hammer head is prolonged. The forging and pressing quality of the workpiece is ensured; and too fast damage of a single forging and pressing hammer is relieved. And the surface layer cleaning device can continuously discharge the continuously accumulated oxide skin, so that the problem that the oxide skin is accumulated and covers the surface of the forging and pressing hammer due to excessive accumulated oxide skin on the surface layer cleaning device is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shaft workpiece forging technology, and particularly relates to a skin layer cleaning device in a shaft workpiece forging process. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shaft workpiece forging is an important metal processing technology. The metal blank is deformed plastically by applying pressure through a forging machine, so that a shaft product with a desired shape and size is obtained. The forging methods of shaft workpieces mainly include free forging, die forging, extrusion, etc. Free forging is to directly apply external force to the blank between the upper and lower anvils of the forging equipment by using simple and universal tools, so that the blank is deformed. The operation is flexible, and is suitable for small-batch or complex-shaped shaft workpiece production. Die forging is to place the metal blank into a die with a certain shape, and to deform it plastically by applying pressure, so that a shaft workpiece with the same shape as the die is obtained. The production efficiency is high, the size precision is high, and it is suitable for mass production. At present, free forging is widely used in the forging operation of shaft workpieces.

[0003] As shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 1 The forging equipment for free forging at present is shown. The inner cavity is uniformly distributed with a plurality of forging hammer heads in the circumferential direction, and a base for driving each forging hammer head to move axially reciprocatingly is arranged at the bottom of each forging hammer head. Figure 2 The forging process is shown. The tail end of the shaft workpiece is clamped and driven to move step by step in the axial direction. In the moving process, the plurality of forging hammer heads act on the surface of the shaft workpiece through reciprocating movement, so that the workpiece is deformed to realize the forging operation.

[0004] At present, in the forging process, the oxide skin layer on the surface of the workpiece will be separated and fall off under the action of the forging force, as shown in the state Figure 3 Since the forging hammer heads are arranged in the circumferential direction, more oxide skins will accumulate on the forging hammer heads located on the lower side of the workpiece. The oxide skins will continue to fall down under the reciprocating movement of the hammer heads, and will inevitably fall into the gap between the forging hammer head and the base, and further fill into the base, as shown in Figures 4-5 When the oxide skins entering the base increase, it will affect the reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head, such as causing resistance or leading to axial deflection of the forging hammer head, which in turn causes the length of the action stroke of the plurality of forging hammer heads acting on the workpiece to be inconsistent, and the forging force to be deflected, thereby causing the forging size to be inconsistent, i.e. the roundness of the workpiece after forging to decrease, and the problem of over-fast damage to the forging hammer head exerting force on the workpiece. SUMMARY

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this application aims to provide a surface cleaning device for shaft workpieces during the forging process. This device can prevent oxide scale from falling between the forging hammer and the base and into the base, ensuring the cleanliness between the base and the forging hammer, maintaining stable reciprocating movement of the forging hammer, ensuring the forging quality of the workpiece, and slowing down the premature damage of individual forging hammers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a surface layer cleaning device for a shaft workpiece during the forging process, wherein the shaft workpiece has multiple forging hammers arranged circumferentially during the forging process, and each forging hammer has a base at its bottom that drives it to move axially back and forth, characterized in that: the surface layer cleaning device is arranged on the forging hammer and covers the base within the projection range, and the surface layer cleaning device receives and guides the surface layer on the shaft workpiece downward.

[0007] Preferably, the skin cleaning device is a receiving ring plate that is sleeved on the side wall of the forging hammer head and close to the base, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the vertical section of the receiving ring plate.

[0008] Preferably, the sidewall of the receiving ring plate is configured as an inclined structure.

[0009] Preferably, a buffer pad is also provided on the surface of the receiving ring plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this application are: the surface cleaning device is set on the forging hammer head and covers the base within the projection range, thereby preventing oxide scale from falling between the forging hammer head and the base and entering the base, ensuring the cleanliness between the base and the forging hammer head, maintaining the stable reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head, ensuring the forging quality of the workpiece, and slowing down the premature damage of individual forging hammer heads.

[0011] The surface cleaning device can also continuously remove the continuously accumulating oxide scale, thus avoiding the problem of excessive oxide scale accumulation on the surface cleaning device and covering the surface of the forging hammer. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of current forging equipment.

[0013] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the reciprocating forging operation of a forging hammer on a shaft-type workpiece in a forging press.

[0014] Figure 3 In order to be in Figure 2 Illustration of the area of ​​oxide scale that falls off the workpiece surface during the forging process.

[0015] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Illustration showing the oxide scale falling between the forging hammer and the base.

[0016] Figure 5 For Figure 4 The reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head drives the oxide skin into the base.

[0017] Figure 6 The application sets up a receiving ring plate on the forging hammer head.

[0018] Figure 7 The oxide skin accumulated on the receiving ring plate of the application slides along the surface of the receiving ring plate.

[0019] Figure 8 The application Figure 7 Front view structural diagram.

[0020] Figure 9 The oxide skin accumulated on the forging hammer head is shown in the physical diagram.

[0021] In the figure: b-oxide skin; 5-axle workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the application, the technical solutions of the application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0023] Referring to the drawings Figures 1-8 The skin layer cleaning device in the forging process of the axle workpiece is shown in the figure. The axle workpiece has a plurality of forging hammer heads 1 arranged circumferentially in the forging process, and each forging hammer head 1 is provided with a base 2 for driving its axial reciprocating movement. When the forging operation of the axle workpiece is performed, the tail end of the axle workpiece is clamped and driven to move along the axial direction step by step. In the moving process, the reciprocating movement of the plurality of forging hammer heads 1 acts on the surface of the axle workpiece, so that the workpiece is deformed to realize the forging operation.

[0024] In order to solve the influence of the oxide skin falling into the gap between the forging hammer head 1 and the base 2 during the forging process of the workpiece on the movement of the forging hammer head 1 and the influence on the forging forming quality of the workpiece, the application is provided with a skin layer cleaning device, such as Figure 6As shown, it is set on the forging hammer 1 and covers the base 2 within the projection range. Since the oxide scale falls vertically after falling off the workpiece, after the skin layer cleaning device covers the base 2 within the projection range, the oxide scale falling off the workpiece will be directly blocked and received by the skin layer cleaning device. During the falling process of the oxide scale outside the skin layer cleaning device, since the base 2 has projection blocking, it will not fall between the forging hammer 1 and the base 2 or enter the base 2, thereby ensuring the cleanliness between the base 2 and the forging hammer 1, maintaining the stable reciprocating movement of the forging hammer, ensuring the forging quality of the workpiece, and slowing down the premature damage of a single forging hammer 1.

[0025] After the oxide scale falls off through the surface cleaning device, in order to facilitate the discharge of the continuously increasing oxide scale, the surface cleaning device receives and guides the surface layer on the shaft workpiece downwards. That is, during the forging process, the oxide scale that continuously accumulates on the surface cleaning device will be continuously discharged, thus avoiding the problem of excessive accumulation on the surface cleaning device causing oxide scale to accumulate and cover the surface of the forging hammer.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figures 6-8 As shown, the surface cleaning device is a receiving ring plate 3 that is looped around the side wall of the forging hammer head 1 and close to the base 2, as shown. Figure 8 As shown, the receiving ring plate 3 extends outward from the side wall of the forging hammer head 1 with a movable width, thereby achieving projection coverage of the base 2 at the bottom. As a result, the detached oxide scale will accumulate on the surface of the receiving ring plate 3 and cover the gap between the base 2 and the forging hammer head 1, thus solving the problem of oxide scale falling into the gap between the two.

[0027] In order to ensure that the oxide scale accumulated on the receiving ring plate 3 is discharged in a timely manner, such as Figure 8 As shown, a discharge port 3a is provided at the vertical bottom of the receiving ring plate 3. Since the oxide scale falls vertically, this application positions the receiving ring plate 3 on the left and right forging hammers 1 located on the bottom side of the workpiece, and the forging hammers 1 on the bottom side are inclined (e.g., Figures 6-7 As shown in the figure, the receiving ring plate 3 is also inclined, so under the (vibration) force of the reciprocating motion of the forging hammer head 1, the oxide scale accumulated on the receiving ring plate 3 will be discharged from the bottom outlet 3a, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive oxide scale accumulation on the receiving ring plate 3 covering the forging hammer head 1.

[0028] To further prevent the oxide scale accumulated on the receiving ring plate 3 from falling off its side due to the reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head 1, such as... Figures 7-8 As shown, the sidewalls of the receiving ring plate 3 are configured with an inclined structure. Figure 8As shown by the middle arrow a, the oxide scale accumulated on the receiving ring plate 3 will slide and gather in the direction from the outside to the inside of the receiving ring plate 3 under the action of vibration and gravity, and then the accumulated oxide scale will be separated from the side of the receiving ring plate 3, thereby avoiding the problem of the oxide scale falling from the side of the receiving ring plate 3.

[0029] Since the continuous reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head 1 during the forging process of the workpiece has a certain vibration effect, the oxide scale falling onto the receiving ring plate 3 will have a jumping state and be easy to fall from the receiving ring plate 3. Therefore, in order to slow down the jumping state of the oxide scale, preferably, as shown in the receiving ring plate 3, a buffer pad 4 is arranged on the surface of the receiving ring plate 3, which is preferably made of rubber. After the oxide scale accumulates on the buffer layer 4, compared with the surface of the receiving ring plate 3 made of metal, the buffer pad 4 has a buffering effect on the oxide scale, thereby slowing down the jumping state of the oxide scale, that is, reducing the spilling of the oxide scale accumulated on the receiving ring plate 3, and facilitating the collection after being discharged from the discharge port 3a. Figure 8

[0030] The principle of the present application is that during the forging operation of the shaft workpiece, the oxide scale falling from the workpiece accumulates on the receiving ring plate 3, which blocks the lower base 2, and then the accumulated oxide scale slides down along the surface of the receiving ring plate 3 and is discharged from the discharge port 3a, thereby effectively solving the problem that the oxide scale falls into the gap between the forging hammer head 1 and the base 2 and enters the base, which affects the reciprocating movement of the forging hammer head and the forging quality of the workpiece.

[0031] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed application.​

Claims

1. A skin layer cleaning device in the process of forging and pressing of shaft workpieces, the shaft workpieces have a plurality of forging hammer heads (1) arranged circumferentially in the process of forging and pressing, the bottom of each forging hammer head (1) is provided with a base (2) for driving the axial reciprocating movement thereof, characterized in that: The skin layer cleaning device is arranged on the forging hammer head (1) and covers the base (2) within the projection range, and the skin layer cleaning device receives the skin layer on the shaft workpiece and guides downward.

2. The skin layer cleaning device of claim 1, wherein: The skin layer cleaning device is a receiving ring plate (3) sleeved on the side wall of the forging hammer head (1) and close to the base (2), and the vertical bottom of the receiving ring plate (3) is provided with a discharge port (3a).

3. The skin layer cleaning device of claim 2, wherein: The side wall of the receiving ring plate (3) is arranged in an inclined structure.

4. The skin layer cleaning device of claim 3, wherein: A buffer pad (4) is further arranged on the surface of the receiving ring plate (3).

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