Multi-stage ecological filter dam

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multistage ecological filter dam which is arranged in an original soil layer and comprises a plurality of dam body structures, the dam body structures are sequentially arranged in the water flow direction, padding is arranged in the dam body structures, a filter dam structure is arranged between every two adjacent dam body structures and supports the dam body structures, plant ecological systems are arranged in the filter dam structures, and the plant ecological systems are connected with the dam body structures. The plant ecological system and the filter dam structure are matched with the dam body structures and used for filtering water flow. According to the multi-stage ecological filter dam, the dam body structure, the filter dam structure and the plant ecological system on the top of the filter dam structure are matched to form a multi-stage filter structure, so that pollutants are effectively intercepted, ammonia nitrogen phosphorus organic pollutants from water are effectively degraded, dissolved oxygen is improved, sedimentation of suspended solids and nutritive salt in a river is promoted, the water flow purification effect is improved, and the service life of the multi-stage ecological filter dam is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to river and lake pollution treatment technical field, concretely relates to a multistage ecological filter dam. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the high-speed development of social economy, the development process of urbanization and industrialization is accelerated, and the sewage discharge is also increasing, wastewater pollution is also gradually intensified, part of the wastewater is collected into river and lake water body through rainwater spreading, wastewater discharge pipeline or other factors, which aggravates the deterioration of water environment and seriously affects the living environment and health of residents. As an important river purification technology, the ecological filter dam is constructed by using gravel, pebble, broken stone and other substrates in the river, which has the functions of purifying water quality and adjusting water level.

[0003] The existing ecological filter dam usually adopts the rock pile type ecological filter dam, which is constructed by piling up stone materials (such as pebbles, broken stones, etc.), and is commonly used for ecological restoration and water quality purification of rivers, streams or other water bodies. However, the filtering effect of the rock pile type ecological filter dam is not good, the filtering precision is limited, and it is more dependent on the physical adsorption of the filler, which has the problems of over-hardening of the basic structure, single composition of the substrate, short service life and limited purification effect. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problems in the background art, and a multistage ecological filter dam is provided.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multistage ecological filter dam is arranged in the original soil layer, comprising: a plurality of dam body structures, the plurality of dam body structures are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, filler is arranged in the dam body structure, filter dam structure is arranged between adjacent two dam body structures and supports them, plant ecological system is arranged in the filter dam structure, the plant ecological system, the filter dam structure and the plurality of dam body structures cooperate to filter water flow.

[0007] As a further scheme of the utility model, the plurality of dam body structures are respectively a first dam body, a second dam body and a third dam body along the water flow direction, the filter dam structure is respectively a first-stage ecological filter dam and a second-stage ecological filter dam along the water flow direction, the first-stage ecological filter dam is arranged between the first dam body and the second dam body, and the second-stage ecological filter dam is arranged between the second dam body and the third dam body.

[0008] As a further scheme of the present application, the plant ecological system comprises emergent plant ecological system and submerged plant ecological system, the emergent plant ecological system is arranged on the first ecological filter dam, and the submerged plant ecological system is arranged on the second ecological filter dam.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application, the filler in the first dam body adopts coal gangue ceramic grains with a particle size of 14mm-16mm, and the particle size grading is 16mm, 15mm and 14mm in turn along the water inlet direction, and the filler in the second dam body adopts coal gangue ceramic grains with a particle size of 14mm, and the length, width and height of the first dam body and the second dam body are equal.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the first dam body, the second dam body and the third dam body all adopt ecological gabion net filling, and the filler is arranged in the ecological gabion net, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 10mm.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the first ecological filter dam and the second ecological filter dam both adopt coal gangue ceramic grains with a particle size of 4mm-6mm, and the particle size grading of the coal gangue ceramic grains is 6mm, 5mm and 4mm in turn and is arranged along the water surface downward in the vertical direction.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the first ecological filter dam and the second ecological filter dam both adopt ecological gabion net filling, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 3mm.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, the height and width of the first dam body, the second dam body and the first ecological filter dam are equal, and the height is lower than the water surface by 10cm-20cm.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the height and width of the third dam body and the second ecological filter dam are equal, and the height is lower than the first ecological filter dam by 1m-1.2m.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application, the length of the first ecological filter dam and the second ecological filter dam is equal.

[0016] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the present application, the dam body structure, the filter dam structure and the plant ecological system on the top of the filter dam cooperatively form a multi-stage filter structure, effectively intercept and degrade ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus organic pollutants from water, improve the dissolved oxygen, promote the sedimentation of suspended solids and nutrient salts in the river, and improve the water purification effect and the service life of the multi-stage ecological filter dam. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of multi-stage ecological filter dam of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is the cooperation diagram of dam body structure and filter dam structure of multi-stage ecological filter dam of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the plan view of multi-stage ecological filter dam of the utility model.

[0022] In the drawings:

[0023] 1, first dam body;2, primary ecological filter dam;3, second dam body;4, secondary ecological filter dam;5, third dam body;7, emergent plant ecological system;9, submerged plant ecological system;10, original soil layer. Specific implementation

[0024] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, and obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1-2 The utility model discloses a kind of multi-stage ecological filter dam, is set in original soil layer 10, suitable for river and lake pollution interception.

[0026] The multi-stage ecological filter dam includes: a plurality of dam body structures, the plurality of dam body structures are sequentially arranged along the direction of water flow, and filler is arranged in the dam body structure.

[0027] Filter dam structure is arranged between adjacent two dam body structures, and it is supported, plant ecological system is arranged in filter dam structure, plant ecological system, filter dam structure and the cooperation of a plurality of dam body structures, for filtering water flow.

[0028] Specifically, the dam body structures along the water flow direction are respectively a first dam body 1, a second dam body 3 and a third dam body 5. The first dam body 1, the second dam body 3 and the third dam body 5 are all filled with ecological gabion nets, and the bottom of the ecological gabion net is fixed by expansion bolts. The material of the ecological gabion net is 304 stainless steel, the weaving method is electric welding, and the length, width and height of the ecological gabion net are selected from any one of 0.6m×0.6m×0.6m, 0.9m×0.9m×0.9m and 1.2m×1.2m×1.2m. The ecological gabion net made of 304 stainless steel can prevent metal corrosion caused by long-term water erosion. The filler is arranged in the ecological gabion net, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 10mm. The filler in the first dam body 1 is coal gangue ceramsite with a particle size of 14mm-16mm, and the particle size grading along the water inlet direction is 16mm, 15mm and 14mm in turn, and is filled transversely in the reverse particle size, and is respectively packaged and fixed by a plurality of ecological gabion nets in the form of a cube. Because the structure of the ecological gabion net is stable, it is not easy to produce large deformation. The filler in the second dam body 3 and the third dam body 5 is coal gangue ceramsite with a particle size of 14mm. The length, width and height of the first dam body 1 and the second dam body 3 are equal.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the filter dam structures along the water flow direction are respectively a first ecological filter dam 2 and a second ecological filter dam 4. The first ecological filter dam 2 is arranged between the first dam body 1 and the second dam body 3, and the second ecological filter dam 4 is arranged between the second dam body 3 and the third dam body 5.

[0030] Among them, the first ecological filter dam 2 and the second ecological filter dam 4 are both filled with ecological gabion nets, the length, width and height of the ecological gabion net are selected from any one of 0.6m×0.6m×0.6m, 0.9m×0.9m×0.9m and 1.2m×1.2m×1.2m, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 3mm. The first ecological filter dam 2 and the second ecological filter dam 4 are both paved with coal gangue ceramsite with a particle size of 4mm-6mm, and the particle size grading of the coal gangue ceramsite is 6mm, 5mm and 4mm in turn and is longitudinally paved in the ecological gabion net from the water surface downward.

[0031] In this embodiment, the height and width of the first dam body 1, the second dam body 3 and the first ecological filter dam 2 are equal, and the height is lower than the water surface by 10cm-20cm. The ecological gabion nets between the first dam body 1, the second dam body 3 and the first ecological filter dam 2 are closely connected, connected by iron wire winding or spot welding, and the bottom is fixed by expansion bolts. Correspondingly, the height and width of the third dam body 5 and the second ecological filter dam 4 are equal, and the height is lower than the first ecological filter dam 2 by 1m-1.2m. The ecological gabion nets between the third dam body 5 and the second ecological filter dam 4 are closely connected, connected by iron wire winding or spot welding, and the bottom is fixed by expansion bolts.

[0032] It should be noted that the length of the first ecological filter dam 2 and the second ecological filter dam 4 is equal, and the total length of the first ecological filter dam 2 along the water flow direction is 1.8m-6m, which is 3-5 times the length of the dam structure (the first dam body 1, the second dam body 3, and the third dam body 5).

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the plant ecological system includes the emergent plant ecological system 7 and the submerged plant ecological system 9, the emergent plant ecological system 7 is arranged on the first ecological filter dam 2, and the submerged plant ecological system 9 is arranged on the second ecological filter dam 4.

[0034] Specifically, the coal gangue ceramic has added clay during the firing process, so the emergent plants can be directly planted on the top of the first ecological filter dam 2 to form the emergent plant ecological purification area, i.e., the emergent plant ecological system 7. Correspondingly, the submerged plants are directly planted on the second ecological filter dam 4 to form the submerged plant ecological purification area, i.e., the submerged plant ecological system 9. In this way, there is no need to cover a clay layer, and the plants can be planted according to the temperature and seasonal requirements, using species with good landscape and water quality purification effects, to achieve the dual effects of landscape and purification.

[0035] In this application, the solid waste coal gangue is used as the filler matrix, and the three dam body structures (the first dam body 1, the second dam body 3, and the third dam body 5), the two filter dam structures, and the plant ecological systems on the top of the dam bodies are cooperated to form a multi-stage filter structure, which not only realizes the recycling of solid waste, but also effectively intercepts and degrades the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus organic pollutants from the water, improves the dissolved oxygen, promotes the sedimentation of suspended solids and nutrient salts in the river, and facilitates the ecological environment management of the landscape river and lake. The structure is simple, which reduces the construction difficulty, and each structure is easy to disassemble, wash, and replace, which can effectively alleviate the blockage problem and improve the service life.

[0036] During the filtration, when the water flows through the first dam body 1 filtration interception area, the suspended solids in the water will be filtered by the large-diameter coal gangue, and since the first dam body 1 can remove a part of the suspended solids in the water, the small-diameter coal gangue ceramic used in the first ecological filter dam 2 further improves the filtration and adsorption precision, and the coal gangue surface has many micropores, which degrade organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants through the metabolism of the microorganisms attached to the coal gangue, and then the second dam body 3, the second ecological filter dam 4, and the third dam body 5 sequentially filter the water flow. The emergent plants planted on the top of the first ecological filter dam 2 and the submerged plants planted on the top of the second ecological filter dam 4 can fully retain, adsorb, and nitrify the organic matter, and provide the environment required for multi-stage nitrification-denitrification and phosphorus removal reaction. The multi-stage filter structure further improves the adsorption and interception effect of the pollutants, and the emergent plant ecological system 7 and the submerged plant ecological system 9 form an energy-efficient aerobic-anaerobic combined treatment of organic matter, and the multi-stage ecological filter dam provides a good growth environment for aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.

[0037] The working principle of the utility model discloses: when water flows through the first dam body 1 filtering interception area, the suspended matter in water can be filtered by stages, because the first dam body 1 can remove a part of suspended matter in water, the filling of the first ecological filter dam 2 further improves the filtering and adsorbing precision, then the second dam body 3, the second ecological filter dam 4, the third dam body 5 filter water flow in turn.

[0038] The above has carried out the detailed explanation to one embodiment of the utility model, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, cannot be considered for limiting the implementation scope of the utility model. All equivalent changes and improvements made in the application scope of the utility model should still belong to the claim coverage of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage ecological filter dam provided in a native soil layer (10), characterized by, The application relates to a dam structure for filtering water flow, comprising: a plurality of dam structures arranged in sequence along the water flow direction, wherein filler is arranged in the dam structures; a filter dam structure is arranged between two adjacent dam structures and is supported by the two dam structures, and a plant ecological system is arranged in the filter dam structure, wherein the plant ecological system, the filter dam structure and the plurality of dam structures cooperate to filter water flow.

2. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of dam structures are respectively a first dam body (1), a second dam body (3) and a third dam body (5) along the water flow direction, the filter dam structure is respectively a first-level ecological filter dam (2) and a second-level ecological filter dam (4) along the water flow direction, the first-level ecological filter dam (2) is arranged between the first dam body (1) and the second dam body (3), and the second-level ecological filter dam (4) is arranged between the second dam body (3) and the third dam body (5).

3. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, wherein, The plant ecological system comprises a emergent plant ecological system (7) and a submerged plant ecological system (9), the emergent plant ecological system (7) is arranged in the first-level ecological filter dam (2), and the submerged plant ecological system (9) is arranged in the second-level ecological filter dam (4).

4. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, wherein, The filler in the first dam body (1) is coal gangue ceramic particles with a particle size of 14mm-16mm, and the particle size is inversely filled in sequence as 16mm, 15mm and 14mm along the water inlet direction, the filler in the second dam body (3) is coal gangue ceramic particles with a particle size of 14mm, and the length, width and height of the first dam body (1) and the second dam body (3) are equal.

5. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, wherein, The first dam body (1), the second dam body (3) and the third dam body (5) are all filled with ecological gabion nets, and the filler is arranged in the ecological gabion nets, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 10mm.

6. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, wherein, The first-level ecological filter dam (2) and the second-level ecological filter dam (4) are both paved with coal gangue ceramic particles with a particle size of 4mm-6mm, and the particle size is sequentially paved as 6mm, 5mm and 4mm along the water surface downward.

7. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 6, characterised in that, The first-level ecological filter dam (2) and the second-level ecological filter dam (4) are both filled with ecological gabion nets, and the aperture of the ecological gabion net is less than 3mm.

8. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height and width of the first dam body (1), the second dam body (3) and the first-level ecological filter dam (2) are equal, and the height is 10cm-20cm lower than the water surface.

9. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height and width of the third dam body (5) and the second-level ecological filter dam (4) are equal, and the height is 1m-1.2m lower than the first-level ecological filter dam (2).

10. A multi-stage ecological filter dam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the first-level ecological filter dam (2) and the second-level ecological filter dam (4) is equal.

Images