Multi-anti-loose clamp small pressure head mechanism easy to disassemble and assemble

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multiple anti-loosening easily-disassembled small pressure head mechanism of a clamp, which comprises a pressure plate, a pressure head, a locking mechanism, a first anti-loosening mechanism, a second anti-loosening mechanism and a disassembling mechanism, the pressure plate and the pressure head are split, the locking mechanism is used for connecting and locking the pressure head on the pressure plate, and the second anti-loosening mechanism is used for connecting and locking the pressure head on the pressure plate. The axial most part of the pressure head is embedded in the pressure plate, and the axial residual part of the pressure head is exposed out of the bottom surface of the pressure plate; the first anti-loosening mechanism is used for resisting the locking mechanism loosening problem caused by vibration; the second anti-loosening mechanism is arranged between the pressing plate and the pressing head and is used for locking the cylindrical surface of the pressing head so as to prevent the pressing head from loosening and falling off; the dismounting mechanism is used for pushing the pressure head out of the pressure plate after the locking mechanism is dismounted, so that dismounting of the pressure head and the pressure plate is realized; the device has the advantages that the pressure head is convenient to disassemble and assemble and is not easy to loosen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a clamp, and more particularly to a clamping head mechanism with multiple anti-loosening and easy disassembly. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, fixtures are important tools for positioning and clamping machined products. Their key mechanisms include positioning and clamping mechanisms, the performance of which directly affects the accuracy and stability of product machining. Within a fixture, the clamping mechanism typically includes a pressure head mechanism, which consists of a pressure plate and a pressure head. The pressure plate, as a load-bearing component, generally requires high strength and high rigidity.

[0003] In traditional pressure head mechanisms, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pressure plate a1 and the pressure head a2 adopt an integrated structure. The problems with this pressure head mechanism are: 1) The pressure head a2 generally requires high hardness and high wear resistance, and the heat treatment process is also required to be high. However, the integrated structure cannot use different heat treatment processes for the pressure plate a1 and the pressure head a2; 2) Once the pressure head a2 wears out, the entire pressure head mechanism must be replaced, resulting in material waste and difficulty in maintenance; 3) In some processing applications, the pressure head a2 is required to be made of soft material to prevent damage to the workpiece. The integrated design cannot meet this requirement.

[0004] For ease of manufacturing and maintenance, industry professionals have designed the pressure plate and pressure head as a separate structure. The separate pressure plate and pressure head can use different materials and heat treatment processes, which is more conducive to enhancing their respective performance. The pressure head can also obtain a better structure and is also conducive to standardization. When the pressure head is worn or a soft pressure head is needed, only the pressure head needs to be replaced.

[0005] In a separate pressure plate and pressure head assembly, if the pressure head is welded to the pressure plate or has an interference fit with it, the pressure head is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble, and disassembly and assembly will damage the pressure plate. Therefore, to facilitate disassembly and assembly, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pressure head b2 is designed with an external thread structure, and the pressure plate b1 is designed with an internal thread. The pressure head b2 is directly screwed onto the pressure plate b1. However, this split structure faces another problem, that is, the pressure head b2 with ordinary thread connection has the risk of loosening, and the small pressure head with external thread is also easy to break.

[0006] In factory machining workshops, a large number of diverse products typically need to be manufactured and processed. To achieve high-efficiency processing, high-power machining is generally used, which can easily cause large vibrations in the fixtures. Prolonged high vibrations can easily lead to loosening of the pressure head, thread breakage, and machining accidents. Therefore, to improve the stability of continuous production, especially in automated machining production lines, it is essential to design a pressure head mechanism that is easy to assemble and disassemble and is not prone to loosening. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The utility model wants to solve the technical problem to provide a multiple anti-loosening easy disassembly's clamp small pressure head mechanism, its pressure head is convenient to disassemble, and is not easy to loosen.

[0008] The utility model adopts the technical scheme that the above technical problem is solved: a multiple anti-loosening easy disassembly's clamp small pressure head mechanism, including the split pressure plate and pressure head, it is characterized by further including:

[0009] Locking mechanism is used for connecting and locking the pressure head on the pressure plate, and the axial majority of the pressure head is embedded in the pressure plate, and the axial remaining part is exposed outside the bottom surface of the pressure plate;

[0010] The first anti-loosening mechanism is used for resisting the loosening problem of the locking mechanism caused by vibration;

[0011] The second anti-loosening mechanism is arranged between the pressure plate and the pressure head, and is used for locking the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to prevent the pressure head from loosening and falling off;

[0012] The disassembly mechanism is used for pushing the pressure head out of the pressure plate after the locking mechanism is disassembled, so as to realize the disassembly of the pressure head and the pressure plate.

[0013] The locking mechanism is composed of a locking screw, the pressure plate is provided with a longitudinal through hole for the locking screw to pass through and a longitudinal pressure head hole for adapting to the pressure head, the pressure head is provided with an axial screw hole along the axial direction from the mounting end surface, the longitudinal through hole is coaxial and communicated with the longitudinal pressure head hole, the pressure head is embedded in the longitudinal pressure head hole, and the mounting end surface of the pressure head is tightly combined with the hole end surface of the longitudinal pressure head hole, the locking screw is screwed through the longitudinal through hole and the axial screw hole, so as to realize the connection and locking of the pressure head on the pressure plate. Here, the locking mechanism realizes the locking connection of the pressure head and the pressure plate by adopting a simple structure.

[0014] The longitudinal through hole includes a countersunk hole, a light hole and a threaded hole communicated in sequence, the locking screw is gap-fitted with the light hole and the threaded hole, and the hole diameter of the longitudinal pressure head hole is greater than the hole diameter of the threaded hole. Here, the threaded hole is arranged for the convenience of disassembling the pressure head, so that the threaded hole is gap-fitted with the locking screw; in order to save cost, only a threaded hole can be arranged, so that a large part of the longitudinal through hole is a light hole.

[0015] The first anti-loosening mechanism is composed of a spring washer and a flat washer, the spring washer and the flat washer are sleeved outside the locking screw, and the spring washer and the flat washer are limited between the end of the locking screw and the hole end surface of the countersunk hole after the locking screw locks the pressure head. Here, the spring washer and the flat washer prevent the locking screw from loosening, which helps to resist the loosening problem caused by vibration, and is the first anti-loosening.

[0016] The pressure head and the pressure plate are fitted with a clearance. The second anti-loosening mechanism consists of an anti-rotation screw. The pressure plate has a transverse screw hole for screwing with the anti-rotation screw. The cylindrical surface of the pressure head has an anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove. The bottom of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove is flat. After the anti-rotation screw rotates into the transverse screw hole, the end face of the anti-rotation screw contacts the bottom surface of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove, causing the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to be locked. Here, with the pressure head and pressure plate in clearance fit (i.e., the outer diameter of the pressure head is smaller than the diameter of the longitudinal pressure head hole), tightening the anti-rotation screw until its end face contacts the bottom surface of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove, and then further tightening, allows the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to abut against the longitudinal pressure head hole, thus locking the cylindrical surface of the pressure head and preventing it from loosening or falling off, achieving the second layer of anti-loosening. Simultaneously, locking the cylindrical surface of the pressure head prevents rotation, facilitating the removal and installation of the locking screw, which can be completed with a single Allen wrench. The transverse screw hole is positioned close to the end face of the longitudinal pressure head hole. The clearance fit between the pressure head and pressure plate serves two purposes: firstly, it facilitates the removal and installation of the pressure head; secondly, it prevents the mounting end face of the pressure head from being subjected to excessive force when subjected to large lateral forces, thus preventing the locking screw from loosening. In other words, when subjected to lateral forces, the cylindrical surface of the pressure head shares some of the force, and the small clearance allows some of the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to have frictional force, achieving the third layer of anti-loosening.

[0017] The disassembly and assembly mechanism consists of disassembly and assembly screws. After the locking screw is removed, the disassembly and assembly screws are screwed into the threaded hole. Under the action of force, the end face of the disassembly and assembly screws abuts against the mounting end face of the pressure head. In the separate pressure plate and pressure head structure, 1) when the clamping contact head of the pressure head extends very little beyond the pressure plate, the pressure head cannot be clamped out with clamps; 2) due to the small clearance fit (H7 / f7) between the pressure plate and the pressure head, after long-term use of this small pressure head mechanism, especially when using a soft pressure head, the cylindrical surface of the pressure head is easily tightly locked due to slight deformation, making it impossible for clamps to clamp out; 3) in strong vibration situations, in order to enhance the anti-loosening function, sometimes thread-locking adhesive is applied to the longitudinal pressure head hole and the surface of the pressure head, making it extremely difficult to disassemble the pressure head. All of the above situations will cause the pressure head to be unable to be disassembled smoothly. Therefore, the clamping contact head of the previous pressure head had to have an opening groove to facilitate disassembly and assembly with an open-end wrench, requiring the pressure head to extend a long distance beyond the pressure plate. However, in this application, only an ordinary disassembly screw needs to be screwed in to push the pressure head out, without the need for other tools, which is very convenient. It is precisely because the pressure head can be easily disassembled through the disassembly and assembly mechanism that the pressure head can be designed to be shorter in structure, which can ensure better strength and rigidity of the pressure head.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0019] 1) Ordinary pressure heads only have a single thread for locking, while this pressure head mechanism has multiple anti-loosening functions in addition to thread locking. It can withstand large lateral forces and is not easily damaged, making the clamping and positioning function of the fixture more stable. It is very suitable for occasions with high vibration.

[0020] 2) The pressure head mechanism is equipped with a disassembly and assembly mechanism, which can easily disassemble the pressure head when it is short or slightly deformed.

[0021] 3) This pressure head mechanism can use a small pressure head, making it superior for use in confined spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an existing integrated pressure head mechanism;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an existing split-type pressure head mechanism;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping small pressure head mechanism of this utility model (only part of the pressure plate is shown);

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A longitudinal sectional view;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the decomposed structure;

[0027] Figure 6 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the fit of the structure after removing the pressure plate.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the small pressure head mechanism of the clamping fixture of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the small pressure head mechanism of the clamping fixture of this utility model. Figure 2 . Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] This utility model proposes a multi-layered anti-loosening and easily disassembled clamping small pressure head mechanism, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, it includes a separate pressure plate 1 and a pressure head 2, and further includes: a locking mechanism 3, used to connect and lock the pressure head 2 to the pressure plate 1, so that most of the axial portion of the pressure head 2 is embedded in the pressure plate 1 while the remaining axial portion is exposed outside the bottom surface of the pressure plate 1; a first anti-loosening mechanism 4, used to resist the problem of the locking mechanism 3 loosening due to vibration; a second anti-loosening mechanism 5, set between the pressure plate 1 and the pressure head 2, used to lock the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 to prevent the pressure head 2 from loosening and falling off; and a disassembly and assembly mechanism (not shown in the figure), used to push the pressure head 2 out of the pressure plate 1 after the locking mechanism 3 is disassembled, so as to realize the disassembly and assembly of the pressure head 2 and the pressure plate 1. Since the pressure head 2 may be slightly deformed after long-term operation, and the portion of the pressure head 2 exposed outside the bottom surface of the pressure plate 1 is relatively short, even if the locking mechanism 3 is loosened, the pressure head 2 cannot be easily disassembled. Therefore, the disassembly and assembly mechanism is introduced.

[0032] Preferably, the locking mechanism 3 consists of a locking screw 31. The pressure plate 1 has a longitudinal through hole 11 for the locking screw 31 to pass through and a longitudinal pressure head hole 12 for the pressure head 2 to be adapted to. The pressure head 2 has an axial screw hole 23 extending axially from its mounting end face 22. The longitudinal through hole 11 and the longitudinal pressure head hole 12 are coaxial and connected. The pressure head 2 is embedded in the longitudinal pressure head hole 12, and the mounting end face 22 of the pressure head 2 is tightly fitted with the end face of the hole in the longitudinal pressure head hole 12. The locking screw 31 passes through the longitudinal through hole 11 and is screwed into the axial screw hole 23, thereby locking the pressure head 2 onto the pressure plate 1. Here, the locking mechanism 3 adopts a simple structure to achieve the locking connection between the pressure head 2 and the pressure plate 1.

[0033] Further defining the longitudinal through hole 11, it includes a countersunk hole 111, a smooth hole 112, and a threaded hole 113 connected in sequence. The locking screw 31 has a clearance fit with both the smooth hole 112 and the threaded hole 113. The diameter of the longitudinal pressure head hole 12 is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole 113. Here, the threaded hole 113 is provided to facilitate the disassembly of the pressure head 2, so the threaded hole 113 has a clearance fit with the locking screw 31. To save costs, only one section of the threaded hole 113 can be provided, so a large section of the longitudinal through hole 11 is the smooth hole 112.

[0034] Preferably, the first anti-loosening mechanism 4 consists of a spring washer 41 and a flat washer 42. The spring washer 41 and the flat washer 42 are fitted over the locking screw 31. After the locking screw 31 locks the pressure head 2, the spring washer 41 and the flat washer 42 are confined between the end of the locking screw 31 and the end face of the countersunk hole 111. Here, the spring washer 41 and the flat washer 42 prevent the locking screw 31 from loosening, which helps to resist loosening caused by vibration, thus providing the first layer of anti-loosening.

[0035] Preferably, the pressure head 2 is fitted with the pressure plate 1 with a clearance, so that the pressure head 2 can be just inserted into the longitudinal pressure head hole 12 without too much extra clearance space. The second anti-loosening mechanism 5 is composed of anti-rotation screws 51. The pressure plate 1 has a transverse screw hole 13 for screwing with the anti-rotation screws 51. The cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 has an anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove 24. The bottom of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove 24 is flat. After the anti-rotation screw 51 rotates into the transverse screw hole 13, the end face of the anti-rotation screw 51 contacts the bottom surface of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove 24, so that the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 is locked. Here, with a small clearance fit between the pressure head 2 and the pressure plate 1 (i.e., the outer diameter of the pressure head 2 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the longitudinal pressure head hole 12), the anti-rotation screw 51 is turned. After the end face of the anti-rotation screw 51 contacts the bottom surface of the anti-loosening groove 24, tightening it further will make the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 tightly abut against the hole wall of the longitudinal pressure head hole 12, thereby locking the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 and preventing the pressure head 2 from loosening and falling off, achieving a second layer of anti-loosening. At the same time, locking the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 prevents the pressure head 2 from rotating, facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the lock. Tighten screw 31; a single Allen wrench is sufficient to install and remove screw 31. The transverse screw hole 13 is located close to the end face of the longitudinal pressure head hole 12. The pressure head 2 and the pressure plate 1 are fitted with a small clearance. Firstly, the small clearance facilitates the installation and removal of pressure head 2. Secondly, it prevents the mounting end face 22 of pressure head 2 from being subjected to large lateral forces, which could cause the locking screw 31 to loosen. That is, when subjected to lateral forces, the cylindrical surface 21 of pressure head 2 shares part of the force. At the same time, the small clearance allows part of the cylindrical surface 21 of pressure head 2 to have frictional force, achieving a third layer of anti-loosening.

[0036] Preferably, the disassembly and assembly mechanism consists of disassembly and assembly screws. After the locking screw 31 is removed, the disassembly and assembly screws are screwed into the threaded hole 113. Under the action of force, the end face of the disassembly and assembly screw abuts against the mounting end face 22 of the pressure head 2. In the separate pressure plate 1 and pressure head 2 structure, 1) when the clamping contact head of the pressure head 2 protrudes very little from the pressure plate 1, the pressure head 2 cannot be clamped out with clamps; 2) due to the small clearance fit between the pressure plate 1 and the pressure head 2, after long-term use of this small pressure head mechanism, especially when using a soft pressure head, the cylindrical surface 21 of the pressure head 2 is easily tightly locked due to slight deformation, causing the clamps to be unable to clamp out; 3) in the case of strong vibration, in order to enhance the anti-loosening function, sometimes thread-locking adhesive is applied to the longitudinal pressure head hole 12 and the surface of the pressure head 2. This makes disassembling the pressure head 2 extremely difficult. All of the above situations will prevent the pressure head 2 from being disassembled smoothly. Therefore, the clamping contact head of the previous pressure head had to have an opening groove to facilitate disassembly and assembly with an open-end wrench, requiring the pressure head to extend a long distance out of the pressure plate. However, in this application, only an ordinary disassembly screw needs to be screwed in to push the pressure head 2 out, without the need for other tools, which is very convenient. It is precisely because the pressure head 2 can be easily disassembled through the disassembly and assembly mechanism that the pressure head 2 can be designed to be shorter in structure, which can ensure better strength and rigidity of the pressure head 2.

[0037] As mentioned above, the locking screw 31 is an M5 screw, the anti-rotation screw 51 is an M4 screw, the threaded hole 113 is an M6 thread, and the disassembly screw is an M6 screw.

[0038] As mentioned above, the pressure head 2 can be made of high hardness or soft material according to the clamping requirements, such as a high hardness pressure head for clamping the blank surface and a soft (brass / nylon) pressure head for clamping the finished surface. The clamping contact head of the pressure head 2 can be adjusted according to the actual clamping surface.

[0039] The small pressure head mechanism of this application is suitable for applications with high anti-loosening requirements, and also for applications with limited space requiring a compact pressure head and easy assembly / disassembly. The pressure plate 1 mainly holds the hydraulic cylinder 7 (only...) Figure 7 The force (shown in the diagram) is transmitted to the workpiece 8 through the pressure head 2, ensuring that the workpiece 8 and the supporting surface 9 are always under force and in contact, thereby achieving the effect of fixing the workpiece 8. Figure 8 and ​ As shown.

Claims

1. A multi-layered, easy-to-disassemble clamping head mechanism, comprising a separate clamping plate and a clamping head, characterized in that... Also includes: A locking mechanism is used to connect and lock the pressure head to the pressure plate, such that most of the axial portion of the pressure head is embedded in the pressure plate while the remaining axial portion protrudes from the bottom surface of the pressure plate. The first anti-loosening mechanism is used to resist the loosening of the locking mechanism caused by vibration; The second anti-loosening mechanism is set between the pressure plate and the pressure head to lock the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to prevent the pressure head from loosening and falling off. The disassembly and assembly mechanism is used to push the pressure head out of the pressure plate after the locking mechanism is disassembled, thereby realizing the disassembly and assembly of the pressure head and the pressure plate.

2. The multi-layered anti-loosening and easily detachable clamping small pressure head mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that... The locking mechanism consists of locking screws. The pressure plate has a longitudinal through hole for the locking screws to pass through and a longitudinal pressure head hole for matching the pressure head. The pressure head has an axial threaded hole along its mounting end face. The longitudinal through hole and the longitudinal pressure head hole are coaxial and connected. The pressure head is embedded in the longitudinal pressure head hole, and the mounting end face of the pressure head is in close contact with the end face of the longitudinal pressure head hole. The locking screw passes through the longitudinal through hole and is screwed into the axial threaded hole, thereby locking the pressure head to the pressure plate.

3. The multi-layered anti-loosening and easily detachable clamping small pressure head mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that... The longitudinal through hole includes a countersunk hole, a smooth hole, and a threaded hole connected in sequence. The locking screw is clearance-fitted with both the smooth hole and the threaded hole. The diameter of the longitudinal pressure head hole is larger than the diameter of the threaded hole.

4. The multi-layered anti-loosening and easily detachable clamping small pressure head mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that... The first anti-loosening mechanism consists of a spring washer and a flat washer. The spring washer and the flat washer are sleeved on the outside of the locking screw. After the locking screw locks the pressure head, the spring washer and the flat washer are restricted between the end of the locking screw and the end face of the countersunk hole.

5. A multi-layered anti-loosening and easily detachable clamping small pressure head mechanism according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that... The pressure head and the pressure plate are fitted with a clearance. The second anti-loosening mechanism consists of an anti-rotation screw. The pressure plate has a transverse screw hole for screwing with the anti-rotation screw. The cylindrical surface of the pressure head has an anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove. The bottom of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove is flat. After the anti-rotation screw rotates into the transverse screw hole, the end face of the anti-rotation screw contacts the bottom surface of the anti-rotation and anti-loosening groove, causing the cylindrical surface of the pressure head to be locked.

6. The multi-layered anti-loosening and easily detachable clamping small pressure head mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that... The disassembly and assembly mechanism consists of disassembly and assembly screws. After the locking screw is removed, the disassembly and assembly screws are screwed into the threaded hole. Under the action of force, the end face of the disassembly and assembly screws abuts against the mounting end face of the pressure head.

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