Bidirectional tooth ridge type gravity type anchorage suitable for mountainous complex terrains

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, and provides a two-way tooth ridge type gravity anchor suitable for mountainous complex terrains, which comprises an anchor main body, a first multi-stage tooth ridge and a second multi-stage tooth ridge, the first multi-stage tooth ridge is used for preventing the anchor main body from sliding along the transverse bridge direction, and the second multi-stage tooth ridge is used for preventing the anchor main body from sliding along the transverse bridge direction. The second multi-stage tooth ridge is used for preventing the anchorage body from sliding in the bridge direction. According to the conditions that the terrain is steep and the rock stratum fluctuates and changes greatly, the anchorage foundation is provided with the first multi-stage tooth ridge and the second multi-stage tooth ridge, the anchorage foundation can flexibly adapt to terrain changes, mountain excavation is reduced, and environmental damage is reduced; meanwhile, a three-dimensional tooth ridge formed by the first multi-stage tooth ridge and the second multi-stage tooth ridge can form composite bearing with the steep rock mass, stress distribution of the anchorage base can be improved, and the anti-sliding bearing capacity of the longitudinal and transverse anchorage is improved. After the anti-sliding effect of the tooth ridge is considered, the size of the anchorage can be further effectively reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a bidirectional toothed gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain. Background Technology

[0002] Suspension bridges have advantages such as large span capacity, aesthetically pleasing design, and clearly defined stress distribution, making them a preferred choice for selecting long-span bridges. A suspension bridge typically consists of main components such as bridge towers, anchorages, main cables, suspenders, and main beams. Among these, the anchorages are the anchorage bodies for the main cables, and their primary function is to transfer the tension of the main cables to the foundation; their load-bearing capacity and reliability are crucial.

[0003] Most suspension bridges use gravity anchorages, which generally consist of an anchor body and a foundation. The anchorage relies on its own weight to counteract the vertical component of the main cable's force, while the horizontal component is counteracted by the frictional resistance between the ground and the anchorage foundation. The key design considerations for the anchorage lie in its anti-sliding stability coefficient and anti-overturning stability coefficient under the tension of the main cable.

[0004] Anchorage foundations typically require less weathered and more intact rock strata as the bearing layer. Therefore, existing anchorages in conventional areas are usually designed with a flat bottom, without toothed sills or only with toothed sills along the bridge direction. However, in mountainous areas, especially in complex terrain with significant longitudinal and transverse undulations in the geological rock strata, to ensure the anchorage's anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities meet requirements, the foundation depth of the anchorage is often much deeper, resulting in extensive excavation of the mountainside, significant damage to the surrounding environment, and substantial safety hazards from the high slopes created by the excavation.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a two-way toothed sill type gravity anchor suitable for complex mountainous terrain to solve or at least alleviate the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0006] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchor suitable for complex mountainous terrain, in order to solve the technical problem that the bottom of the existing anchor is usually set as a flat surface. Due to the large longitudinal and transverse undulations of the geological rock strata in mountainous areas, in order to meet the requirements of the anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities of the anchor, the foundation of the anchor part is buried at a deep depth, the mountain excavation is large, and the surrounding environment is greatly damaged.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchor suitable for complex mountainous terrain, comprising an anchor body, a first multi-stage toothed sill, and a second multi-stage toothed sill. The first and second multi-stage toothed sills are both located at the bottom of the anchor body. The first multi-stage toothed sill is used to prevent the anchor body from sliding along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the second multi-stage toothed sill is used to prevent the anchor body from sliding along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0008] Preferably, the anchorage body includes an anchor block, a cable saddle support, and a cable saddle support foundation, wherein,

[0009] The cable saddle support is cast on top of the anchor block and the cable saddle support foundation, and the cable saddle support is provided with a first front anchor chamber.

[0010] The anchor block forms a second front anchor chamber corresponding to the first front anchor chamber. The first front anchor chamber and the second front anchor chamber together form a front anchor chamber for the main cable saddle to be placed. The anchor block also forms a rear anchor chamber at the end away from the saddle support. The first front anchor chamber, the second front anchor chamber and the rear anchor chamber are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the main cable. The anchor block and the saddle support foundation are connected by a post-cast strip.

[0011] The first multi-stage toothed sill is located at the bottom of the cable saddle support foundation, and the second multi-stage toothed sill is located at the bottom of the anchor block.

[0012] Preferably, the top surface of the anchor block and the top surface of the cable saddle support foundation are both flat surfaces, and the top surface of the anchor block and the top surface of the cable saddle support foundation are flush.

[0013] Preferably, there are two cable-stayed saddle supports, which are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the bridge.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes an approach bridge pier cast on top of the anchor block.

[0015] Preferably, the top surface of the anchor block has a first access hole that connects to the rear anchor chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the cable saddle support has a second access hole that connects to the front anchor chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the post-cast strip is a post-cast strip formed by post-casting micro-expansion concrete.

[0018] Preferably, the tail end of the anchor block has a beveled surface near the bottom surface.

[0019] Preferably, both the first multi-stage toothed groove and the second multi-stage toothed groove have two stages.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] This utility model provides a bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain, including an anchorage body, a first multi-stage toothed sill, and a second multi-stage toothed sill. The first multi-stage toothed sill prevents the anchorage body from sliding transversely along the bridge, and the second multi-stage toothed sill prevents the anchorage body from sliding longitudinally along the bridge. This application allows for the installation of a first and second multi-stage toothed sill structure in the anchorage foundation, adapting flexibly to terrain changes, reducing mountain excavation, and minimizing environmental damage, especially in steep terrain with significant rock strata variations. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional toothed sill formed by the first and second multi-stage toothed sills can create a composite load-bearing structure with the steep rock mass, improving the stress distribution of the anchorage base and increasing the anti-sliding bearing capacity of the longitudinal and transverse anchorages. Considering the anti-sliding effect of the toothed sills, the anchorage volume can be further effectively reduced, lowering the project cost. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the overall structure in one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0028] The purpose, features, and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0030] 10. Anchor body; 110. Anchor block; 111. Second front anchor chamber; 112. Rear anchor chamber; 113. Oblique cut surface; 114. First manhole; 120. Cable saddle support; 121. First front anchor chamber; 122. Second manhole; 130. Cable saddle support foundation; 140. Post-cast strip; 20. First multi-stage toothed sill; 30. Second multi-stage toothed sill. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0033] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0034] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0035] Please see the appendix Figures 1 to 5 An embodiment of the present invention provides a bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchor suitable for complex mountainous terrain, comprising an anchor body 10, a first multi-stage toothed sill 20, and a second multi-stage toothed sill 30. The first multi-stage toothed sill 20 and the second multi-stage toothed sill 30 are both located at the bottom of the anchor body 10. The first multi-stage toothed sill 20 is used to prevent the anchor body 10 from sliding in the transverse direction, and the second multi-stage toothed sill 30 is used to prevent the anchor body 10 from sliding in the longitudinal direction.

[0036] Specifically, the anchor body 10 is the main part that bears and transmits tensile force. The first multi-stage toothed retainer 20 is used to prevent the anchor body 10 from sliding along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the second multi-stage toothed retainer 30 is used to prevent the anchor body 10 from sliding along the longitudinal direction of the bridge, while also preventing overturning along the longitudinal direction. Through the multi-stage design, the toothed retainers can be more effectively embedded into the foundation rock layer, increasing the contact area and friction with the rock layer, thereby improving the anti-slip and anti-overturning effects. Through the multi-stage toothed retainer design in two directions, the contact area and friction between the anchor and the foundation soil can be significantly increased, thereby improving the stability of the anchor in complex terrain.

[0037] This application allows for the use of a first-stage toothed retaining wall 20 and a second-stage toothed retaining wall 30 in anchorage foundations, adaptable to steep terrain and varying rock strata. This design flexibly adjusts to terrain changes, reduces mountain excavation, and minimizes environmental damage. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional toothed retaining wall formed by the first-stage and second-stage toothed retaining walls 20 and 30 creates a composite load-bearing structure with the steep rock mass, improving stress distribution at the anchorage base and enhancing the anti-sliding capacity of the longitudinal and transverse anchorages. Considering the anti-sliding effect of the toothed retaining wall further reduces the anchorage volume and lowers project costs.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the anchor body 10 includes an anchor block 110, a cable saddle support 120, and a cable saddle support foundation 130. The cable saddle support 120 is cast on the top of the anchor block 110 and the cable saddle support foundation 130. The cable saddle support 120 is provided with a first front anchor chamber 121.

[0039] The anchor block 110 forms a second front anchor chamber 111 corresponding to the first front anchor chamber 121. The first front anchor chamber 121 and the second front anchor chamber 111 together form a front anchor chamber (not shown in the figure) for the main cable saddle to be placed. The anchor block 110 also forms a rear anchor chamber 112 at the end away from the saddle support 120. The first front anchor chamber 121, the second front anchor chamber 111 and the rear anchor chamber 112 are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the main cable. The anchor block 110 and the saddle support foundation 130 are connected by a post-cast strip 140.

[0040] The first multi-stage toothed sill 20 is located at the bottom of the cable saddle support foundation 130, and the second multi-stage toothed sill 30 is located at the bottom of the anchor block 110.

[0041] Specifically, the anchor block 110 is the core load-bearing component of the anchorage, preferably a massive concrete structure, which uses its own weight to anchor the main cable of the suspension bridge under strong tension. The anchorage of the main cable is as follows: first, steel tie rods or prestressed ducts are pre-embedded in the anchor body at the positions corresponding to the main cable strands; then, the tension of the cable strands is transferred to the tie rods or prestressed steel strands through the anchor head of the main cable strands; finally, the tension is distributed to the anchor face behind the anchor body.

[0042] The front anchorage chamber, as an enclosed space, protects the main cable strands and consists of a top slab, a front wall, and side walls. The top slab is preferably constructed using a precast hollow slab structure, avoiding the need for cast-in-place scaffolding, saving concrete volume, and simplifying precast hoisting construction, thus shortening the construction period.

[0043] The rear anchor chamber 112 is located inside the anchor block 110, serving as the prestressing tensioning space within the anchor block 110. The dimensions of the rear anchor chamber 112 are determined based on the type of prestressed steel strands within the anchor body and the available space for tensioning operations.

[0044] The cable saddle support 120 mainly bears the radial pressure of the main cable transmitted by the cable saddle, and a solid structure with better overall stress performance is preferred.

[0045] The supporting reaction force of the main cable at the anchor saddle is transferred to the anchor saddle foundation 130 through the anchor saddle support 120, which then evenly distributes the reaction force to the foundation. The anchor saddle foundation 130 is designed with moderately weathered rock as the bearing layer. Based on the rock strata boundary and the strength of the rock foundation itself, multiple toothed sills are installed transversely along the bridge, each 6 meters high. This not only reduces mountain excavation but also improves the lateral stability of the anchor under the unbalanced action of the main cable.

[0046] Due to the tension of the main cable, the anchorage tends to overturn forward around the leading edge of the cable saddle foundation 130. To address this, a multi-stage toothed edge is installed at the front longitudinal direction of the anchor block 110, followed by a large chamfer (oblique cut surface 113) to accommodate changes in the geological strata. This not only reduces excavation and improves the anchorage's anti-sliding bearing capacity, but also shifts the center of gravity of the anchor block 110 backward, increasing the distance between the leading edge of the cable saddle foundation 130 and the center of gravity of the anchor block 110, thus improving the overall anti-overturning performance of the anchorage.

[0047] To reduce construction difficulty and avoid cracking due to hydration heat of the large volume of concrete in the anchorage, a post-pouring strip 140 is set, preferably made of 2m thick micro-expansion concrete.

[0048] Furthermore, both the top surface of the anchor block 110 and the top surface of the cable saddle foundation 130 are flat surfaces, and they are flush. The flat top surfaces simplify measurement, positioning, and installation during construction. Workers can more easily ensure the vertical alignment of the anchor block 110 and the cable saddle foundation 130, reducing construction errors and complexity.

[0049] As a preferred example, there are two cable-stayed saddle supports 120, which are spaced apart along the transverse direction of the bridge. This arrangement of two cable-stayed saddle supports 120 along the transverse direction creates a more stable support structure. This layout helps to distribute and balance the load from the main cable, reducing the risk of structural damage due to excessive stress on a single support.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, an approach bridge pier (not shown) is also included, cast on top of the anchor block 110. To improve the load-bearing efficiency of the anchorage, anchorages are typically arranged on both sides of the bridge's axial direction, often resulting in conflicts between the anchorage structure and the approach bridge pier and foundation. In a preferred embodiment, an approach bridge pier is provided on top of the cable-stayed saddle support foundation 130 and on top of the anchor block 110, so that the anchorage body also serves as a pier, avoiding the need for approach bridge pier foundation construction and improving the utilization efficiency of the anchorage structure.

[0051] Preferably, the top surface of the anchor block 110 has a first access hole 114 that connects to the rear anchor chamber 112. As an important part of the anchor structure, the rear anchor chamber 112 requires regular maintenance and repair of its internal equipment and structure. Through the first access hole 114, personnel can easily enter the rear anchor chamber 112 to carry out necessary inspections and maintenance work, ensuring the normal operation and safety of the anchor structure.

[0052] Preferably, the cable saddle support 120 has a second access hole 122 connecting to the front anchor chamber. The front anchor chamber, as an important structure formed by the cable saddle support 120 and the anchor block 110, requires regular maintenance and repair of its internal equipment and structure. Through the second access hole 122, personnel can easily enter the front anchor chamber to inspect, repair, or replace the internal equipment, ensuring the normal operation and safety of the front anchor chamber.

[0053] Preferably, the post-cast strip 140 is formed by post-casting micro-expansion concrete. Micro-expansion concrete not only reduces shrinkage cracks but also significantly improves the impermeability of concrete.

[0054] Preferably, the tail end of the anchor block 110 is provided with a beveled surface 113 near the bottom surface.

[0055] Preferably, both the first multi-stage toothed edge 20 and the second multi-stage toothed edge 30 have two stages.

[0056] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and do not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the description and drawings of this utility model, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain, characterized in that, It includes an anchor body, a first multi-stage toothed sill, and a second multi-stage toothed sill. The first and second multi-stage toothed sills are both located at the bottom of the anchor body. The first multi-stage toothed sill is used to prevent the anchor body from sliding along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the second multi-stage toothed sill is used to prevent the anchor body from sliding along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

2. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor body includes an anchor block, a cable saddle support, and a cable saddle support foundation. The cable saddle support is cast on top of the anchor block and the cable saddle support foundation. The cable saddle support is provided with a first front anchor chamber. The anchor block forms a second front anchor chamber corresponding to the first front anchor chamber. The first front anchor chamber and the second front anchor chamber together form a front anchor chamber for the main cable saddle to be placed. The anchor block also forms a rear anchor chamber at the end away from the saddle support. The first front anchor chamber, the second front anchor chamber and the rear anchor chamber are arranged sequentially along the extension direction of the main cable. The anchor block and the saddle support foundation are connected by a post-cast strip. The first multi-stage toothed sill is located at the bottom of the cable saddle support foundation, and the second multi-stage toothed sill is located at the bottom of the anchor block.

3. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the anchor block and the top surface of the cable saddle support foundation are both flat surfaces, and the top surface of the anchor block and the top surface of the cable saddle support foundation are flush.

4. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are two cable-stayed saddle supports, which are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the bridge.

5. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes the approach bridge piers cast on top of the anchor block.

6. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the anchor block has a first access hole that connects to the rear anchor chamber.

7. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cable saddle support has a second access hole that connects to the front anchor chamber.

8. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The post-cast strip is a post-cast strip formed by post-casting micro-expansion concrete.

9. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tail end of the anchor block has a beveled surface near the bottom.

10. The bidirectional toothed sill type gravity anchorage suitable for complex mountainous terrain according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Both the first multi-stage toothed groove and the second multi-stage toothed groove have two stages.

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