Template-free constructional column

Abstract

The utility model provides a formwork-free constructional column which comprises a plurality of prefabricated hollow bricks arranged in a laminated mode from top to bottom, the prefabricated hollow bricks which are adjacent in the vertical direction are spliced through rabbets to form a cavity which is through in the vertical direction, and the cavity is used for pouring constructional column concrete. The prefabricated hollow bricks comprise top-layer hollow bricks, middle-layer hollow bricks and bottom-layer hollow bricks, and the top-layer hollow bricks are provided with pouring openings used for pouring concrete. A cleaning opening is formed in the bottom hollow brick and used for cleaning the cavity; the middle hollow bricks are provided with connecting holes used for allowing tie bars to penetrate through so as to be connected with the masonry wall. The prefabricated hollow bricks are simple in structure and convenient to operate, the constructional column is formed by stacking the prefabricated hollow bricks in a wall building mode, constructional column formworks do not need to be additionally arranged, the construction technology is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved; the prefabricated hollow brick is simple in manufacturing process and high in production efficiency, and the manufacturing cost is remarkably reduced; the overall structure is stable in connection and accurate in positioning, and the appearance quality of the constructional column is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of construction technology of structural columns, and in particular relates to a formwork-free structural column. Background Technology

[0002] Structural columns are typically required during masonry construction. Current methods involve reserving space for these columns during wall construction, installing reinforcing steel, erecting formwork, and then pouring concrete into the formwork. Once the concrete reaches the required strength, the formwork is removed. While this method effectively creates structural columns, the overall installation process is cumbersome, consuming significant amounts of materials and time. Furthermore, the high difficulty in constructing the formwork system leads to common quality defects in the finished columns, such as grout leakage, voids, and honeycomb-like pitting. This results in substantial maintenance and repair work, requiring significant manpower and severely impacting construction progress and production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a formwork-free structural column, which simplifies the construction process, improves construction efficiency, and ensures the appearance quality of the structural column.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows: a formwork-free structural column, comprising a plurality of precast hollow bricks stacked from top to bottom, wherein adjacent precast hollow bricks are spliced ​​together by tongue and groove joints to form a through cavity; the precast hollow bricks include a top hollow brick, a middle hollow brick and a bottom hollow brick, wherein the top hollow brick is provided with a pouring port for pouring concrete; the bottom hollow brick is provided with a cleaning port for cleaning the cavity; and the middle hollow brick is provided with a connecting hole for threading tie bars to connect with the masonry wall.

[0005] Furthermore, the precast hollow brick has a wire mesh installed inside its side wall.

[0006] Furthermore, the central hollow bricks include alternating chamfered hollow bricks and straight hollow bricks; the cross-sectional shape of the chamfered hollow bricks is larger than that of the straight hollow bricks, forming a toothed structure.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the chamfered hollow brick is greater than that of the straight hollow brick, and the sum of the heights of the chamfered hollow brick and the straight hollow brick is the same as the height of the two layers of masonry blocks in the masonry wall; the top of the chamfered hollow brick is provided with a chamfered bevel, which can be connected to the top pressing bevel of the upper layer of masonry block.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom hollow brick has a chamfered bevel at its top.

[0009] Further, the prefabricated hollow brick has an air-facing surface, and the air-facing surface is provided with a reinforcing bar hole, and the reinforcing bar holes of adjacent prefabricated hollow bricks are vertically through, and the reinforcing bars are arranged in the reinforcing bar holes.

[0010] Further, the cleaning port and the pouring port are arranged on the air-facing surface.

[0011] Further, the prefabricated hollow brick comprises a pair of U-shaped blocks, and the U-shaped blocks are provided with matched notches, and the U-shaped blocks are connected by the notches.

[0012] Further, the outer surface of the prefabricated hollow brick connected with the masonry wall is roughened.

[0013] The prefabricated hollow brick has the advantages and positive effects that:

[0014] (1) The prefabricated hollow brick has the advantages and positive effects that: the prefabricated hollow brick is used to form a structural column by the way of masonry, the prefabricated hollow brick is used as a part of the structural column and a forming template for pouring concrete, and the structural column template is not needed, so that the template erection and removal are avoided, the construction process is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0015] (2) The prefabricated hollow brick is made of concrete in a factory, and the manufacturing process is simple and the production efficiency is high, and the prefabricated hollow brick is transported to the site for rapid installation, and compared with the structural column template erected on site, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the installation efficiency is improved.

[0016] (3) The overall structure is stable and accurate in positioning, and the connection part of the upper and lower prefabricated hollow bricks is prevented from leaking, and the appearance quality of the structural column is improved.

[0017] (4) The cleaning port is arranged to ensure the bonding quality of the structural column concrete and the lower structure, the tie bars are arranged to improve the integrity and seismic performance of the building structure, the overall operation is simple and fast, and the construction efficiency and forming quality of the structural column are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural column connection schematic view of one specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is a front view of a structural column of one specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic view of a-a section in the utility model; Figure 1

[0021] Figure 4 ​It is a bottom layer hollow brick structure constituting schematic view of one specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a flat hollow brick structure constituting schematic view of one specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a chamfered hollow brick structure constituting schematic view of one specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a top layer hollow brick structure constituting schematic view of one specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0025] In the drawing,

[0026] 1, structural column;11, bottom layer hollow brick;111, cleaning port;12, middle hollow brick;121, chamfered hollow brick;1211, chamfered inclined plane;122, flat hollow brick;13, top layer hollow brick;131, pouring port;14, rabbet;15, connecting hole;16, reinforcing rib hole;2, tie bar;3, reinforcing rib;4, masonry wall;41, building block;5, structural column steel;6, beam slab structure. Specific embodiments

[0027] The embodiments of the utility model will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "top layer", "bottom layer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model. In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected;It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication between two elements. For ordinary skilled persons in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The utility model provides a kind of formwork-free structural column, and structural column 1 is formed by prefabricated hollow brick superposition, prefabricated hollow brick is both as a part of structural column 1, and as the shaping formwork when structural column 1 concrete pouring, without additionally setting structural column 1 formwork, to avoid formwork erection and removal, simplify construction technology, improve construction efficiency;At the same time, the appearance quality of structural column 1 is ensured.

[0030] As Figures 1-3As shown, the utility model provides a kind of exempt template construction column 1, including several from top to bottom laminated prefabricated hollow bricks, the prefabricated hollow brick is according to the cross-sectional shape of construction column 1 in factory prefabricated processing, and the prefabricated hollow brick of adjacent prefabricated hollow brick is connected by rebate 14, and the cavity for pouring construction column 1 concrete is formed through and through up and down, the prefabricated hollow brick includes top layer hollow brick 13, middle hollow brick 12 and bottom layer hollow brick 11, top layer hollow brick 13 is equipped with pouring mouth 131, for pouring concrete, bottom layer hollow brick 11 is equipped with cleaning mouth 111, for cleaning cavity, and middle hollow brick 12 is equipped with connecting hole 15, for being equipped with tieback 2 to be connected with masonry wall 4.

[0031] Generally, the situation needing to set concrete construction column 1 includes the one-dimensional, L-shaped intersection or T-shaped intersection between masonry wall 4, the exempt template construction column 1 of the application can be built between various cross-sectional forms of masonry wall 4, Figure 1 It is shown that the exempt template construction column 1 is set between T-shaped intersection masonry wall 4, that is, one face of construction column 1 is free face, and other three faces are connected with three masonry walls 4 respectively, and at the same time, construction column 1 is connected with three masonry walls 4 through tieback 2 respectively.

[0032] The prefabricated hollow brick in the application is made by concrete in factory, and the manufacturing process is simple, and the production efficiency is high, is transported to the scene for quick installation, compared with the construction column 1 template set up on site, the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced, and the installation efficiency is improved, the prefabricated hollow brick is connected to form a whole by the way of rebate 14 splicing, only the bottom layer hollow brick 11 needs to be positioned, the position of middle hollow brick 12 and top layer hollow brick 13 can be accurately realized, and the connecting parts of the upper and lower two prefabricated hollow bricks can be effectively avoided to form the joint, so that the leakage of mortar and other conditions can be prevented, at the same time, by setting pouring mouth 131, construction column 1 concrete can be poured from bottom to top, the construction column 1 concrete pouring is more compact, and the strength of construction column 1 is improved, by setting cleaning mouth 111, the cavity part is cleaned before pouring concrete, the bonding quality of construction column 1 concrete and lower structure is guaranteed, and by setting tieback 2, the integrity and seismic performance of building structure are improved, the whole operation is simple and fast, and the construction efficiency and forming quality of construction column 1 are significantly improved.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, steel mesh is arranged in the side wall of prefabricated hollow brick along the height direction, by setting steel mesh, the crack resistance and strength of prefabricated hollow brick can be significantly improved.

[0034] As Figures 2-3As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the middle hollow bricks 12 comprise alternating chamfered hollow bricks 121 and flat hollow bricks 122; the cross-sectional shape of the chamfered hollow bricks 121 is larger than that of the flat hollow bricks 122, forming a zigzag structure that can significantly improve the integrity and stability between the constructional column 1 and the masonry wall 4.

[0035] Generally, the blocks 41 of the masonry wall 4 and the constructional column 1 are staggered and pressed to form a zigzag structure. In the present application, the cross-sectional shape and height of the prefabricated hollow bricks constituting the constructional column 1 are matched with the blocks 41 on both sides of the constructional column 1. In a specific embodiment, the height of the bottom hollow brick 11 is set to match the height of the bottom structure of the masonry wall 4, and the cross-sectional shape of the bottom hollow brick 11 is set to be the same as that of the chamfered hollow brick 121, and then the prefabricated hollow bricks and the flat hollow bricks 122 are stacked upward in an alternating manner, so that the prefabricated hollow bricks and the flat hollow bricks 122 are connected to the blocks of the masonry wall 4 by staggered pressing. The cross-sectional shape of the top hollow brick 13 is set according to the middle hollow brick 12 below it. When the middle hollow brick 12 below it is a flat hollow brick 122, the cross-sectional shape of the top hollow brick 13 is constructed to be the same as that of the chamfered hollow brick 121. When the middle hollow brick 12 below it is a chamfered hollow brick 121, the cross-sectional shape of the top hollow brick 13 is constructed to be the same as that of the flat hollow brick 122. The height of the top hollow brick 13 is set according to the distance between the top surface of the prefabricated hollow brick below it and the bottom surface of the beam slab structure 6. Through the above technical solution, the prefabricated hollow bricks are tightly connected to the blocks of the masonry wall 4, and the specifications of the prefabricated hollow bricks are fixed to at most four forms, which is more conducive to reducing production cost and improving production efficiency.

[0036] As Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the height of the chamfered hollow brick 121 is greater than that of the flat hollow brick 122, and the sum of the heights of the chamfered hollow brick 121 and the flat hollow brick 122 is the same as the height of the two skin blocks 41 of the masonry wall 4; the top of the chamfered hollow brick 121 is provided with a chamfered inclined surface 1211, which can be connected with the top pressing inclined surface of the upper skin block 41; in the present embodiment, the chamfered hollow brick 121 of the upper skin block 41 near one corner of the structural column 1 is also provided with a chamfered inclined surface 1211, and the other two chamfered inclined surfaces 1211 cooperate to enable the upper skin block 41 to not only press the lower chamfered hollow brick 121, but also limit the lower chamfered hollow brick 121 in the horizontal direction, thereby achieving the locking of the lower batch of chamfered hollow bricks 121; during construction, the lower chamfered hollow brick 121 can be constructed first, and then the block 41 on one side of the structural column 1 can be constructed, or the construction of the block 41 around the structural column 1 can be completed first, and the position of the structural column 1 is reserved; through the top pressing inclined surface connection mode, the construction personnel can judge whether the position of the structure constructed later is accurate according to the relative position of the two chamfered inclined surfaces 1211, so as to adjust at any time.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the top of the bottom layer hollow brick 11 is also provided with a chamfered inclined surface 1211; and is connected with the top pressing inclined surface of the upper skin block 41 corresponding to the bottom layer hollow brick 11, thereby improving the consistency and uniformity of the stress performance of the structural column 1.

[0038] Specifically, the number of chamfered inclined surfaces 1211 of the bottom layer hollow brick 11 and the chamfered hollow brick 121 matches the number of masonry walls 4 around the structural column 1; as shown in Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, when the structural column 1 is arranged between the T-shaped masonry walls 4, the three faces of the structural column 1 are connected with the masonry walls 4, and the chamfered inclined surfaces 1211 are arranged on the three side walls corresponding to the bottom layer hollow brick 11 and the chamfered hollow brick 121; and the other face is a free face, and the side wall is flat up and down.

[0039] Further, as shown in Figure 5 The four side walls of the flat hollow brick 122 are flat; the top of the chamfered inclined surface 1211 of the bottom layer hollow brick 11 and the chamfered hollow brick 121 forms a cross-sectional shape matching that of the flat hollow brick 122, and the upper part of the chamfered inclined surface 1211 and the free face is provided with a tongue-and-groove 14 matched with the bottom of the flat hollow brick 122, thereby achieving close connection with the flat hollow brick 122.

[0040] In the present application, the prefabricated hollow bricks have air-facing surfaces, in order to improve the strength of the air-facing surfaces of the construction column 1, the side walls corresponding to the air-facing surfaces of all or part of the prefabricated hollow bricks are provided with reinforcing rib holes 16, the reinforcing rib holes 16 are arranged in the height direction, the reinforcing rib holes 16 of adjacent prefabricated hollow bricks are connected in the up-down direction, and the reinforcing rib holes 16 are used for penetrating the reinforcing ribs 3; preferably, the installation height of the reinforcing ribs 3 is not less than two-thirds of the height of the construction column 1, and the depth of the reinforcing ribs 3 is not less than 10 times the diameter of the reinforcing ribs 3. Preferably, the air-facing surfaces of the bottom hollow bricks 11 and the middle hollow bricks 12 are provided with reinforcing rib holes 16.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the cleaning opening 111 and the pouring opening 131 are arranged on the air-facing surface, so as to facilitate the cleaning operation of the operator and the connection of the concrete pouring equipment through the pouring opening 131.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in Figures 4-7 The prefabricated hollow brick in the present application includes a pair of U-shaped blocks, the cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped block is U-shaped, and the two U-shaped blocks are spliced to form a prefabricated hollow brick with a square cross-sectional shape; the splicing surface of the U-shaped block is provided with a matching rebate 14, and the two U-shaped blocks are connected by being spliced left and right; during construction, one of the U-shaped blocks is first installed at a predetermined position of the construction column 1, and then the other U-shaped block is spliced with the installed U-shaped block, so that the installation of the prefabricated hollow brick of the layer is completed; through the technical scheme, the worker can more easily install the prefabricated hollow brick in the reserved gap, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the positioning accuracy is improved. Preferably, the cross-sectional shapes of the pair of U-shaped blocks are the same, which not only facilitates the manufacturing, but also improves the consistency of the mechanical properties and stress state of the two U-shaped blocks.

[0043] Further, the outer surface of the prefabricated hollow brick connected with the masonry wall 4 is roughened to ensure that the masonry mortar is tightly combined with the prefabricated hollow brick;

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the connecting hole 15 of the middle hollow brick 12 is arranged at the rebate 14, and the position of the connecting hole 15 is accurately arranged according to the position of the designed tie bar 2.

[0045] The construction method of the formwork-free construction column 1 provided in the present application includes the following steps:

[0046] S1, arranging and designing according to the cross-sectional size of the construction column 1, and manufacturing prefabricated hollow bricks;

[0047] First, arrange according to the cross-sectional size of the construction column 1, determine the cross-sectional specifications and heights of the bottom hollow bricks 11, the middle hollow bricks 12 and the top hollow bricks 13, so as to obtain the processing parameters and quantities of prefabricated hollow bricks of different specifications, and batch manufacture in the factory.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, all prefabricated hollow bricks are shaped by concrete with a strength not less than C25, and the wall thickness of the prefabricated hollow bricks is not less than 20 mm; wherein the top layer hollow brick 13 and the chamfered hollow brick 121 are provided with a tenon groove at the top, and the bottom of the straight hollow brick 122 is provided with a matching tenon to form a tongue-and-groove structure 14; the outer walls of the prefabricated hollow bricks except the free surface are treated by roughening process; the prefabricated hollow bricks after completion of production are cured in the factory to reach the specified curing age before use.

[0049] S2, installing the construction column steel bars 5;

[0050] According to the design drawings, the construction column steel bars 5 are installed to the preset position and effectively connected with the upper and lower structures.

[0051] S3, installing the reinforcing bars 3;

[0052] When the construction column 1 has a free surface, the reinforcing bars 3 need to be installed; when the construction column 1 has no free surface, the reinforcing bars 3 need not to be installed

[0053] S4, installing the prefabricated hollow bricks from bottom to top, and the tie bars 2 are arranged through each middle hollow brick 12 after installation to tie with the masonry wall 4;

[0054] In the embodiment, the construction of the construction column 1 and the masonry wall 4 connected therewith is completed layer by layer from top to bottom; specifically, the bottom layer hollow brick 11 is installed first, and when the reinforcing bars 3 are provided, the reinforcing bar holes 16 of the bottom layer hollow brick 11 pass through the reinforcing bars 3; then the masonry blocks 41 of the same skin as the bottom layer hollow brick 11 are constructed; then the straight hollow brick 122 is installed, and the masonry blocks 41 of the same skin as the straight hollow brick 122 are constructed, and when the construction is performed, the tie bars 2 are extended from the position of the masonry blocks 41 to the direction of the straight hollow brick 122, pass through the connecting holes 15 of the straight hollow brick 122 or extend to the masonry blocks 41 on the other side of the straight hollow brick 122 after passing through the connecting holes 15 of the straight hollow brick 122; the same method is used to construct the chamfered hollow brick 121 of the upper skin, the masonry blocks 41 of the upper skin and the tie bars 2; the above operation is repeated until all the middle hollow bricks 12 and the corresponding masonry blocks 41 are completely constructed, and finally the top layer hollow brick 13 is installed.

[0055] After the prefabricated hollow bricks are installed, the installation gaps between the prefabricated hollow bricks are detected by the feeler gauge to ensure that the installation gaps are not greater than 1 mm.

[0056] S5, cleaning the impurities at the bottom of the prefabricated hollow bricks through the cleaning port 111, and plugging the cleaning port 111;

[0057] Specifically, the impurities are mainly mortar and the like dropped during the installation and construction of the prefabricated hollow bricks 41, which will affect the connection quality of the concrete and the bottom structure if not removed; the bottom impurities are removed through inspection, and then the cleaning opening 111 is blocked.

[0058] S6, pouring the concrete of the constructional column 1;

[0059] Specifically, the concrete pouring equipment is connected to the pouring opening 131, and the concrete is poured and vibrated and compacted during pouring, without using iron hammer and the like to hit violently to prevent damage to the prefabricated hollow bricks, thereby realizing accurate control of the concrete forming of the constructional column 1.

[0060] The utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:

[0061] (1) The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, the prefabricated hollow bricks are stacked to form the constructional column by the wall building mode, the prefabricated hollow bricks are used as part of the constructional column and the forming template during the concrete pouring of the constructional column, so that the constructional column template is not needed to be additionally arranged, thereby avoiding the template erection and removal, simplifying the construction process and improving the construction efficiency;

[0062] (2) The prefabricated hollow bricks are made in the factory by the concrete forming mode, the manufacturing process is simple, the production efficiency is high, the prefabricated hollow bricks are transported to the site for rapid installation, compared with the constructional column template erected on site, the manufacturing cost is reduced and the installation efficiency is improved;

[0063] (3) The overall structure is stable in connection and accurate in positioning, the connection part of the upper and lower prefabricated hollow bricks is prevented from leaking mortar, and the appearance quality of the constructional column is improved;

[0064] (4) The cleaning opening is arranged to ensure the bonding quality of the constructional column concrete and the lower structure, the tieing reinforcement is arranged to improve the integrity and the anti-seismic performance of the building structure, the overall operation is simple and fast, and the construction efficiency and the forming quality of the constructional column are improved.

[0065] The embodiments of the utility model are described in detail above, but the content is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and cannot be considered as limiting the implementation range of the utility model. Any equivalent change and improvement within the application range of the utility model should still belong to the patent coverage range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A formwork-free structural column, characterized in that: It includes several precast hollow bricks stacked from top to bottom, with adjacent precast hollow bricks spliced ​​together by tongue and groove to form a through cavity; the precast hollow bricks include a top hollow brick, a middle hollow brick and a bottom hollow brick, the top hollow brick is provided with a pouring port for pouring concrete; the bottom hollow brick is provided with a cleaning port for cleaning the cavity; the middle hollow brick is provided with a connecting hole for threading tie bars to connect with the masonry wall.

2. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The precast hollow bricks are provided with wire mesh inside the side walls.

3. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The central hollow bricks include alternating chamfered hollow bricks and straight hollow bricks; the cross-sectional shape of the chamfered hollow bricks is larger than that of the straight hollow bricks, forming a toothed structure.

4. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the chamfered hollow brick is greater than that of the straight hollow brick, and the sum of the heights of the chamfered hollow brick and the straight hollow brick is the same as the height of the two courses of masonry blocks in the masonry wall; the top of the chamfered hollow brick is provided with a chamfered slope, which can be connected to the top pressure slope of the upper course of the masonry block.

5. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom hollow brick has a chamfered bevel at the top.

6. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The precast hollow brick has an open surface, and the side wall corresponding to the open surface is provided with reinforcing rib holes. The reinforcing rib holes of adjacent precast hollow bricks are vertically connected and used to insert reinforcing ribs.

7. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning port and the pouring port are located on the free surface.

8. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 7, characterized in that: The precast hollow bricks include pairs of U-shaped blocks, each U-shaped block having a matching tongue and groove joint, which are then joined together from left to right.

9. The formwork-free structural column according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer surface where the precast hollow bricks connect to the masonry wall is roughened.

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