Oxygen sensor and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oxygen sensor and a vehicle, and belongs to the field of oxygen sensors. The oxygen sensor includes: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer; the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked in the first direction, and a porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer. In the embodiment of the invention, the porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, so that the use of a filling matrix layer can be avoided, punching on the filling matrix layer is avoided, and the porous diffusion barrier is embedded in the punched hole on the filling matrix layer, which is equivalent to omitting a punching process; the processing technology of the oxygen sensor is simplified, the production efficiency of the oxygen sensor can be improved, the filling matrix layer is saved, the manufacturing cost of the oxygen sensor can be reduced, and large-scale production of the oxygen sensor is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of oxygen sensors, specifically relating to an oxygen sensor and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, vehicles have become a frequently used means of transportation for people's daily travel. Typically, an oxygen sensor is installed in a vehicle to measure whether there is excess oxygen in the exhaust gas after combustion in the engine, i.e., the oxygen content. This oxygen content is converted into a voltage signal and transmitted to the vehicle's control system, enabling the engine to achieve closed-loop control with the excess air coefficient as the target.

[0003] In related technologies, oxygen sensors include porous diffusion barriers that are installed within a filling matrix layer. Specifically, the filling matrix layer has openings in which the porous diffusion barrier is embedded, and electrolyte layers are disposed on opposite sides of the filling matrix layer. However, the fabrication of oxygen sensors in these technologies is complex, and the cost of oxygen sensors is high. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an oxygen sensor and a vehicle, at least to solve the problems that the processing of oxygen sensors is relatively complex and the cost of oxygen sensors is high.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an oxygen sensor, the oxygen sensor comprising: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer;

[0006] The first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along a first direction, and a porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer.

[0007] Optionally, the first electrolyte layer has a first surface facing the second electrolyte layer, the second electrolyte layer has a second surface facing the first electrolyte layer, and the porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first surface and the second surface.

[0008] Optionally, one of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer has a gas chamber printed on it, and the gas chamber is in communication with a porous diffusion barrier.

[0009] Optionally, the porous diffusion barrier includes a first diffusion barrier and a second diffusion barrier, the gas chamber has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along a second direction, the first diffusion barrier is located on the first side, the second diffusion barrier is located on the second side, and the second direction intersects the first direction.

[0010] Optionally, the first diffusion barrier partially overlaps with the air chamber on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier partially overlaps with the air chamber on the second side.

[0011] Optionally, the gas chamber has a carbon-based structure, and the carbon-based structure is volatile when heated.

[0012] Optionally, both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide.

[0013] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a heating unit located on the side of the second electrolyte layer opposite to the first electrolyte layer;

[0014] The heating unit includes a first substrate layer, a heater layer, a second substrate layer, and heating pins; the first substrate layer, the heater layer, and the second substrate layer are stacked, with the first substrate layer close to the second electrolyte layer, and the heating pins are located on the side of the second substrate layer away from the heater layer, and the heating pins are electrically connected to the heater layer.

[0015] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a protective layer disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer opposite to the second electrolyte layer;

[0016] The projection of the porous diffusion barrier in the first direction is located inside the projection of the protective layer in the first direction.

[0017] Optionally, the oxygen sensor further includes a mounting layer located on the side of the first electrolyte layer opposite to the second electrolyte layer, and the mounting layer has an embedding hole, in which the protective layer is embedded.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle, the vehicle including a vehicle body and an oxygen sensor as described in any of the first aspects above;

[0019] The oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

[0020] In this embodiment, since the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along the first direction, and a porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first and second electrolyte layers, the processing of the oxygen sensor is equivalent to directly printing the porous diffusion barrier on the first or second electrolyte layer. This simplifies the processing and avoids the use of a filler substrate layer, effectively reducing the cost of the oxygen sensor. Specifically, in this embodiment, by printing a porous diffusion barrier on one of the first and second electrolyte layers, the use of a filler substrate layer and the punching of holes in the filler substrate layer can be avoided. The porous diffusion barrier is embedded in the punched holes in the filler substrate layer, effectively eliminating a punching process. This simplifies the processing of the oxygen sensor, improves production efficiency, saves on the filler substrate layer, reduces manufacturing costs, and facilitates large-scale production of oxygen sensors.

[0021] In addition, the oxygen sensor in other embodiments of this application also has the following advantages: (1) The first diffusion barrier and the gas chamber partially overlap on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier and the gas chamber partially overlap on the second side, so that there is a shorter diffusion distance between the first diffusion barrier and the gas chamber and between the second diffusion barrier and the gas chamber, which is conducive to the vehicle exhaust gas entering the gas chamber, and thus conducive to the exhaust gas in the gas chamber being tested; and it can ensure that the vehicle exhaust gas can quickly enter the gas chamber, so that the vehicle exhaust gas can quickly contact the first electrode and the second electrode, which is equivalent to speeding up the speed at which the vehicle exhaust gas contacts the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby effectively reducing the response time of the oxygen sensor, improving the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor, and enabling the oxygen sensor to measure accurately; in addition, the first diffusion barrier and the gas chamber partially overlap on the first side, so that there is a shorter diffusion distance between the first diffusion barrier and the gas chamber and between the second diffusion barrier and the gas chamber, which is conducive to the vehicle exhaust gas entering the gas chamber, and thus enabling the vehicle exhaust gas in the gas chamber to be tested accurately; The second diffusion barrier and the gas chamber overlap on the second side, which can better ensure the communication between the first diffusion barrier and the gas chamber, and better ensure the communication between the second diffusion barrier and the gas chamber; (2) The first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are both integral structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide, which is equivalent to the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer being formed by integral zirconium oxide, which reduces the internal stress of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer, and thus makes the first electrolyte layer or the second electrolyte layer more tightly bonded to the printed porous diffusion barrier, which helps to reduce cracking and warping caused by inconsistent sintering shrinkage rate and thermal expansion coefficient, and is conducive to improving the overall strength of the oxygen sensor, thereby improving the long-term stability and reliability of the oxygen sensor. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure label:

[0025] 10: First electrolyte layer; 101: First surface; 20: Second electrolyte layer; 201: Second surface; 30: Porous diffusion barrier; 31: First diffusion barrier; 32: Second diffusion barrier; 40: Gas chamber; 50: Heating unit; 51: First substrate layer; 52: Heater layer; 53: Second substrate layer; 54: Heating pin; 60: Protective layer; 70: Mounting layer; 80: First electrode; 90: Second electrode; 100: Third electrode; 110: Fourth electrode; 001: Electrode pin; X: First direction; Y: Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 An exploded view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; refer to Figure 2 The image shows a cross-sectional view of an oxygen sensor provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the oxygen sensor includes a first electrolyte layer 10 and a second electrolyte layer 20.

[0030] The first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are stacked along the first direction X, and a porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20.

[0031] In this embodiment, since the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are stacked along the first direction X, and a porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, when processing the oxygen sensor, it is equivalent to directly printing the porous diffusion barrier 30 on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20, which simplifies the processing technology and avoids the use of a filler substrate layer, effectively reducing the cost of the oxygen sensor. That is, in this embodiment, by printing a porous diffusion barrier 30 on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the use of a filler substrate layer can be avoided, and punching holes in the filler substrate layer can be avoided. The porous diffusion barrier 30 is embedded in the punched holes in the filler substrate layer, which is equivalent to saving a punching process, simplifying the processing technology of the oxygen sensor, improving the production efficiency of oxygen sensors, saving the filler substrate layer, reducing the manufacturing cost of oxygen sensors, and facilitating large-scale production of oxygen sensors.

[0032] Furthermore, in related technologies, the production of oxygen sensors requires punching holes in the substrate layer before embedding porous diffusion barriers 30 into the holes. However, the embedding process for the porous diffusion barriers 30 is complex, requiring precise embedding of the material into the substrate layer, whether manually or by machine. Misalignment directly leads to product defects, making the production of oxygen sensors quite difficult. In the embodiment of this application, by printing porous diffusion barriers 30 on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the direct printing of the oxygen sensor in this embodiment reduces the difficulty of oxygen sensor production compared to the previous method of punching holes and then embedding.

[0033] In addition, in this embodiment, the porous diffusion barrier 30 can be printed on either the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20; this embodiment does not limit the specific application. When printing the porous diffusion barrier 30 on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20, the porous diffusion barrier 30 material can be printed on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20 using a screen printing process. The porous diffusion barrier 30 is formed after the material solidifies. The material of the porous diffusion barrier 30 can include zirconium oxide, carbon, and an organic solvent; that is, zirconium oxide, carbon, and an organic solvent are mixed to obtain the porous diffusion barrier 30 material.

[0034] In addition, in this embodiment, the porous diffusion barrier 30 can extend to the side of the oxygen sensor, that is, the side of the porous diffusion barrier 30 can be flush with the side of the first electrolyte layer 10. So when the oxygen sensor is applied in a vehicle, the side of the porous diffusion barrier 30 can come into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas, and the oxygen sensor can effectively detect the vehicle's exhaust gas.

[0035] In addition, in this embodiment, the size of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the size of the second electrolyte layer 20 can be the same, and the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 have the same shape.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first electrolyte layer 10 has a first surface 101 facing the second electrolyte layer 20, and the second electrolyte layer 20 has a second surface 201 facing the first electrolyte layer 10, wherein one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 201 is printed with a porous diffusion barrier 30.

[0037] Since one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 201 is printed with a porous diffusion barrier 30, the porous diffusion barrier 30 is effectively located between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. A first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are typically disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. The porous diffusion barrier 30 can come into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas, allowing the exhaust gas to be transmitted to the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90, which is beneficial for the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 to detect the exhaust gas. In other words, by printing a porous diffusion barrier 30 on one of the first surface 101 and the second surface 201, the oxygen sensor can better detect the vehicle's exhaust gas.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a porous diffusion barrier 30 can be printed on the first surface 101. Of course, a porous diffusion barrier 30 can also be printed on the second surface 201. This embodiment does not limit the scope of this application.

[0039] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 may be disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. The first electrode 80 is disposed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10, and the second electrode 90 is disposed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20. The head of the first electrode 80 is electrically connected to the head of the second electrode 90.

[0040] In some embodiments, a gas chamber 40 is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, and the gas chamber 40 is in communication with the porous diffusion barrier 30.

[0041] Since the gas chamber 40 is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, it is possible to avoid the need for a filling substrate layer, and to avoid the complex punching process by punching holes in the filling substrate before laminating to form the gas chamber 40. This eliminates one punching process and simplifies the production process of the oxygen sensor. Furthermore, the gas chamber 40 is connected to the porous diffusion barrier 30, ensuring that after the porous diffusion barrier 30 comes into contact with the vehicle's exhaust gas, the exhaust gas can pass through the porous diffusion barrier 30 into the gas chamber 40, and then be transmitted to the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90. This facilitates the detection of exhaust gas by the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90. In short, by printing the gas chamber 40 on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, and by connecting the gas chamber 40 to the porous diffusion barrier 30, the production process of the oxygen sensor is simplified, and the oxygen sensor facilitates the detection of vehicle exhaust gas.

[0042] In related technologies, during the production of oxygen sensors, holes need to be punched in the filler substrate layer before laminating the filler substrate layer to form air chambers 40. However, during the lamination process, the holes in the filler substrate layer are easily deformed, affecting the performance of the oxygen sensor. In this embodiment, by printing the air chambers 40 on one of the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the use of a filler substrate layer is effectively avoided, reducing the cost of the oxygen sensor. Furthermore, avoiding punching in the filler substrate layer and thus avoiding lamination simplifies the oxygen sensor production process. The air chambers 40 are also less prone to deformation, ensuring good performance of the oxygen sensor.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the gas chamber 40 can be located on the same component as the porous diffusion barrier 30. That is, when the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the first electrolyte layer 10, the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the first electrolyte layer 10; when the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the second electrolyte layer 20, the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the second electrolyte layer 20. Specifically, if the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10, then the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10; if the porous diffusion barrier 30 is printed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20, then the gas chamber 40 is also printed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20.

[0044] In addition, in this embodiment, by printing the gas chamber 40 and the porous diffusion barrier 30 on the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20, it is easy to control the thickness of the gas chamber 40 and the porous diffusion barrier 30. That is, it is convenient to accurately control the thickness of the porous diffusion barrier 30 and the thickness of the gas chamber 40 in the printing process, which provides convenience for the control of the limit current consistency of the oxygen sensor.

[0045] In addition, in some embodiments, the porous diffusion barrier 30 may include a first diffusion barrier 31 and a second diffusion barrier 32, and the gas chamber 40 has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along the second direction Y, with the first diffusion barrier 31 located on the first side and the second diffusion barrier 32 located on the second side, and the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X.

[0046] Since the first diffusion barrier 31 is located on the first side and the second diffusion barrier 32 is located on the second side, it is equivalent to the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32 being located on opposite sides of the gas chamber 40, that is, the gas chamber 40 is located between the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32. Therefore, in practical applications, the first diffusion barrier 31 can extend to the side of the oxygen sensor, that is, the side of the first diffusion barrier 31 is flush with the side of the first electrolyte layer 10, and the second diffusion barrier 32 can extend to the other side of the oxygen sensor, that is, the side of the second diffusion barrier 32 is flush with the other side of the first electrolyte layer 10. This allows the first diffusion barrier 31 to contact the vehicle's exhaust gas, and the second diffusion barrier 32 to contact the vehicle's exhaust gas. Thus, the vehicle's exhaust gas can enter the gas chamber 40 through the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32, increasing the channels for the vehicle's exhaust gas to enter the gas chamber 40, which is beneficial for the vehicle's exhaust gas to enter the gas chamber 40 and be detected by the oxygen sensor. By setting the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32, the vehicle's exhaust gas can flow into both sides of the gas chamber 40, which is equivalent to increasing the channel for the vehicle to enter the gas chamber 40. This can effectively improve the efficiency of the vehicle's exhaust gas entering the gas chamber 40, and thus facilitate the oxygen sensor to detect the vehicle's exhaust gas.

[0047] In addition, in some embodiments, the first diffusion barrier 31 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier 32 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the second side.

[0048] Once the vehicle's exhaust gas comes into contact with the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32, and the first diffusion barrier 31 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the first side and the second diffusion barrier 32 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the second side, it can be ensured that the first diffusion barrier 31 and the air chamber 40 are connected, and the second diffusion barrier 32 and the air chamber 40 are connected. Thus, the vehicle's exhaust gas can directly enter the air chamber 40 through the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32. That is, there is a short diffusion distance between the first diffusion barrier 31 and the air chamber 40, and there is a short diffusion distance between the second diffusion barrier 32 and the air chamber 40. This is conducive to the vehicle's exhaust gas entering the air chamber 40, and thus facilitates the testing of the exhaust gas in the air chamber 40. That is, by setting the first diffusion barrier 31 to overlap with the air chamber 40 on the first side and the second diffusion barrier 32 to overlap with the air chamber 40 on the second side, the diffusion distance between the first diffusion barrier 31 and the air chamber 40 and the diffusion distance between the second diffusion barrier 32 and the air chamber 40 can be reduced, which in turn facilitates the entry of vehicle exhaust gas into the air chamber 40.

[0049] It should be noted that a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 can be disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. The first electrode 80 is disposed on the first surface 101 of the first electrolyte layer 10, and the second electrode 90 is disposed on the second surface 201 of the second electrolyte layer 20. The first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can be located in the gas chamber 40. By setting the first diffusion barrier 31 to overlap with the gas chamber 40 on the first side and the second diffusion barrier 32 to overlap with the gas chamber 40 on the second side, it is ensured that the vehicle's exhaust gas can quickly enter the gas chamber 40. Thus, the vehicle's exhaust gas can quickly come into contact with the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90, which is equivalent to speeding up the contact speed between the vehicle's exhaust gas and the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90. This can effectively reduce the response time of the oxygen sensor, improve the sensitivity of the oxygen sensor, and enable the oxygen sensor to measure accurately. In addition, the first diffusion barrier 31 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier 32 overlaps with the air chamber 40 on the second side, which can better ensure that the first diffusion barrier 31 and the air chamber 40 are connected, and better ensure that the second diffusion barrier 32 and the air chamber 40 are connected.

[0050] In some embodiments, the gas chamber 40 is a carbon-based structure, and this carbon-based structure is volatile when heated. With this configuration, during the production of the oxygen sensor, once the gas chamber 40 is printed onto the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20, heating the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20 causes the carbon-based structure to volatilize, effectively releasing the space occupied by the gas chamber 40. This means that the space where the gas chamber 40 is located becomes a space capable of containing gas, allowing exhaust gas passing through the first diffusion barrier 31 and the second diffusion barrier 32 to enter this space for testing. In other words, by setting the gas chamber 40 to a carbon-based structure that is volatile when heated, the produced oxygen sensor has a space to contain exhaust gas, thus facilitating the detection of exhaust gas by the oxygen sensor.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, carbon-based structure refers to the structure of organic matter based on carbon elements.

[0052] In addition, in some embodiments, the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are both monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 include zirconium oxide.

[0053] Typically, different materials exhibit differences in shrinkage rates and coefficients of thermal expansion. In related technologies, the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 are formed from zirconium oxide and alumina, i.e., alumina is used as the matrix and zirconium oxide is embedded within it. This results in relatively high internal stress in the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20. However, in this embodiment, by setting both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to be integral layers, and by including zirconium oxide in both layers, it is equivalent to forming both layers of zirconium oxide. This reduces the internal stress in the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, thereby allowing for a tighter bond between the first electrolyte layer 10 or the second electrolyte layer 20 and the printed porous diffusion barrier 30. This helps reduce cracking and warping caused by inconsistencies in sintering shrinkage rates and coefficients of thermal expansion, and also improves the overall strength of the oxygen sensor, thus enhancing its long-term stability and reliability.

[0054] In addition, by setting both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to be integral structures, and both the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20 to include zirconium oxide, once the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are set between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the positions of the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 can be adjusted to flexibly adjust the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor so that the internal resistance of the oxygen sensor meets the requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments, the oxygen sensor may also include a heating unit 50, which is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 20 away from the first electrolyte layer 10. The heating unit 50 includes a first substrate layer 51, a heater layer 52, a second substrate layer 53, and a heating pin 54. The first substrate layer 51, the heater layer 52, and the second substrate layer 53 are stacked, with the first substrate layer 51 close to the second electrolyte layer 20. The heating pin 54 is located on the side of the second substrate layer 53 away from the heater layer 52, and the heating pin 54 is electrically connected to the heater layer 52.

[0056] Since the heating unit 50 is located on the side of the second electrolyte layer 20 opposite to the first electrolyte layer 10, in practical applications, once the oxygen sensor is used in a vehicle, the heating unit 50 can ensure that the oxygen sensor can gradually reach its normal operating temperature after a cold start. That is, when the vehicle's engine starts, the temperature of the exhaust pipe is usually low and cannot reach the temperature required for the oxygen sensor to operate normally. At this time, the heating unit 50 will be energized to heat the oxygen sensor, causing it to heat up rapidly and enter normal operating condition. Furthermore, when the vehicle's engine starts, the heater heats the oxygen sensor, allowing it to quickly enter normal operating condition. This enables the oxygen sensor to quickly and accurately detect the vehicle's exhaust gases, allowing the vehicle's engine control unit to adjust the engine's air-fuel ratio in real time based on the relatively accurate detection data from the oxygen sensor, thereby reducing harmful gas emissions. In addition, the first substrate layer 51 is close to the second electrolyte layer 20, and the heating pin 54 is disposed on the side of the second substrate layer 53 away from the heater layer 52. The heating pin 54 is electrically connected to the heater layer 52, which facilitates the connection of the heating pin 54 to the power supply equipment in the vehicle. This allows the vehicle's power supply equipment to supply power to the heater layer 52 through the heating pin 54, causing the heater layer 52 to heat up quickly. As a result, the heater layer 52 can raise the temperature of the first substrate layer 51, and the first substrate layer 51 can raise the temperature of the second electrolyte layer 20 and the first electrolyte layer 10, thereby enabling the oxygen sensor to quickly reach its operating temperature.

[0057] It should be noted that the number of first substrate layers 51 can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of first substrate layers 51 can be 3, or for another example, the number of first substrate layers 51 can be 4. The specific number of first substrate layers 51 is not limited in this embodiment.

[0058] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, both the first substrate layer 51 and the second substrate layer 53 can be formed of aluminum oxide.

[0059] In some embodiments, the oxygen sensor may also include a protective layer 60, which is disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer 10 opposite to the second electrolyte layer 20; the projection of the porous diffusion barrier 30 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X. With this arrangement, the protective layer 60 can effectively protect the porous diffusion barrier 30 and the first electrolyte layer 10, thereby effectively extending the service life of the oxygen sensor.

[0060] It should be noted that when a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 are opposite each other in the first direction X, and the projection of the first electrode 80 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X, and the projection of the second electrode 90 in the first direction X is located inside the projection of the protective layer 60 in the first direction X.

[0061] In addition, in some embodiments, the oxygen sensor further includes a mounting layer 70, which is located on the side of the first electrolyte layer 10 away from the second electrolyte layer 20. The mounting layer 70 is provided with an embedding hole, and the protective layer 60 is embedded in the embedding hole.

[0062] Because the mounting layer 70 has recessed holes, the protective layer 60 can be directly recessed into these holes during installation, thus facilitating its installation. In other words, the recessed holes on the mounting layer 70 facilitate the installation of the protective layer 60.

[0063] It should be noted that the embedding hole can extend to the side of the mounting layer 70, that is, the embedding hole can divide the mounting layer 70 into a first sub-layer and a second sub-layer. Of course, the embedding hole can also be located on the mounting layer 70, that is, the embedding hole is only opened on the mounting layer 70, and the mounting layer 70 is not divided.

[0064] In addition, in this embodiment, the oxygen sensor may further include a third electrode 100 and a fourth electrode 110. The third electrode 100 is located between the mounting layer 70 and the first electrolyte layer 10, and the fourth electrode 110 is located between the second electrolyte layer 20 and the heating unit 50. Three electrode pins 001 are provided on the side of the mounting layer 70 facing away from the first electrolyte layer 10. The third electrode 100 is electrically connected to one electrode pin 001, and the fourth electrode 110 is electrically connected to the other electrode pin 001. When a first electrode 80 and a second electrode 90 are disposed between the first electrolyte layer 10 and the second electrolyte layer 20, the head of the first electrode 80 is electrically connected to the head of the second electrode 90. The second electrode 90 may be electrically connected to the last electrode pin 001 among the three electrode pins 001, meaning the first electrode 80 and the second electrode 90 share a single electrode pin 001. Specifically, the first electrode 80 may only include a head, and the second electrode 90 may include a head and a lead wire, which is connected to the head and electrically connected to the last electrode pin 001 among the three electrode pins 001.

[0065] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the first electrode 80 can be the pump internal electrode of the oxygen sensor, the second electrode 90 can be the sensing external electrode of the oxygen sensor, the third electrode 100 can be the pump external electrode of the oxygen sensor, and the fourth electrode 110 can be the sensing internal electrode of the oxygen sensor.

[0066] This application provides a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and an oxygen sensor as described in any of the above embodiments; the oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the oxygen sensor can be installed in the exhaust pipe of the vehicle body, and the oxygen sensor can be electrically connected to the vehicle body's controller, so that the controller can obtain the detection data of the oxygen sensor in real time, and thus the controller can effectively control the engine in the vehicle body based on the detection data of the oxygen sensor.

[0068] In addition, in the embodiments of this application, the types of vehicles include, but are not limited to, gasoline-powered vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0070] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An oxygen sensor, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor includes: a first electrolyte layer and a second electrolyte layer; The first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are stacked along a first direction, and a porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer.

2. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electrolyte layer has a first surface facing the second electrolyte layer, and the second electrolyte layer has a second surface facing the first electrolyte layer. The porous diffusion barrier is printed on one of the first surface and the second surface.

3. The oxygen sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer has a gas chamber printed on it, and the gas chamber is in communication with a porous diffusion barrier.

4. The oxygen sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The porous diffusion barrier includes a first diffusion barrier and a second diffusion barrier. The gas chamber has a first side and a second side opposite to each other along a second direction. The first diffusion barrier is located on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier is located on the second side. The second direction intersects with the first direction.

5. The oxygen sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first diffusion barrier partially overlaps with the air chamber on the first side, and the second diffusion barrier partially overlaps with the air chamber on the second side.

6. The oxygen sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The gas chamber has a carbon-based structure, and the carbon-based structure is volatile when heated.

7. The oxygen sensor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer are monolithic structures, and both the first electrolyte layer and the second electrolyte layer include zirconium oxide.

8. The oxygen sensor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a heating unit located on the side of the second electrolyte layer opposite to the first electrolyte layer. The heating unit includes a first substrate layer, a heater layer, a second substrate layer, and heating pins; the first substrate layer, the heater layer, and the second substrate layer are stacked, with the first substrate layer close to the second electrolyte layer, and the heating pins are located on the side of the second substrate layer away from the heater layer, and the heating pins are electrically connected to the heater layer.

9. The oxygen sensor according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a protective layer, which is disposed on the side of the first electrolyte layer opposite to the second electrolyte layer; The projection of the porous diffusion barrier in the first direction is located inside the projection of the protective layer in the first direction.

10. The oxygen sensor according to claim 9, characterized in that, The oxygen sensor also includes a mounting layer located on the side of the first electrolyte layer away from the second electrolyte layer. The mounting layer has an embedding hole, and the protective layer is embedded in the embedding hole.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a vehicle body and an oxygen sensor as described in any one of claims 1-10; The oxygen sensor is mounted on the vehicle body.

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