Smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) algorithm

Abstract

The utility model provides an exhaust smoke window closed loop controller based on PID algorithm, including master control unit, control algorithm unit, display and feedback unit and protection and drive unit, the master control unit includes master control chip, the control algorithm unit includes the position type PID closed loop algorithm module with dead zone control, the display and feedback unit includes the position type PID closed loop algorithm module with dead zone control, and the protection and drive unit includes the position type PID closed loop algorithm module with dead zone control. The position type PID closed-loop algorithm module is connected with the main control chip, the display and feedback unit comprises a nixie tube driving module, a sensor module and a display module, the main control chip is connected with the nixie tube driving module, the nixie tube driving module is connected with the display module, and the sensor module is connected with the display module. The protection and driving unit comprises a motor driving module and an optocoupler isolation module, the multi-mode control unit is connected with the main control chip, and the power failure memory unit is connected with the main control chip. And the control precision of the controller and the system stability are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automatic control technology, specifically to a closed-loop controller for smoke exhaust windows based on PID algorithm, which is suitable for the automated control of smoke exhaust windows in industrial plants, large buildings and other places. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, traditional smoke exhaust window controllers mostly adopt open-loop control, adjusting the position of the push rod mechanism only through time control or simple commands, which has the following drawbacks:

[0003] Insufficient precision: Due to factors such as the window's own weight and mechanical friction, it cannot be completely sealed when closed, posing a safety hazard;

[0004] Weak anti-interference capability: Unable to sense the position of the push rod machine in real time, and easily affected by external environmental interference;

[0005] Limited functionality: It lacks multi-mode control and data feedback, making it difficult to meet the needs of complex scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention proposes a closed-loop controller for smoke exhaust windows based on a PID algorithm. By combining multiple control interfaces and real-time feedback functions, the controller's control accuracy and system stability are significantly improved.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm, characterized in that it includes a main control unit, a control algorithm unit, a display and feedback unit, and a protection and drive unit. The main control unit includes a main control chip. The control algorithm unit includes a position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module with dead-zone control, which is connected to the main control chip. The display and feedback unit includes a digital tube driver module, a sensor module, and a display module. The main control chip is connected to the digital tube driver module and the sensor module. The digital tube driver module is connected to the display module, which displays the percentage of the actuator position in real time. The protection and drive unit includes a motor drive module and an optocoupler isolation module. The main control chip is connected to both the motor drive module and the optocoupler isolation module. The motor drive module is connected to a control motor, which in turn connects to and drives the actuator. A sensor module is mounted on the actuator to collect its operating error and position information in real time and feeds it back to the position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module and the display module, respectively. The position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module collects the actuator's position signal in real time through the sensor module and outputs the adjusted position signal to regulate the control motor speed, thereby correcting the actuator's operation in real time.

[0009] It also includes a multi-mode control unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The multi-mode control unit includes a button control module, a potentiometer analog quantity control module, and an RS485 communication control module.

[0010] It also includes a power-down memory unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The power-down memory unit includes an EEPROM storage module, which stores key parameters when a power failure occurs.

[0011] Furthermore: the main control chip is an enhanced STC8H8K64U 51 microcontroller.

[0012] Furthermore: the display module includes a digital tube, the digital tube driving module includes a TM1638 driver, the digital tube is driven by the TM1638 driver to display the percentage data of the position of the push rod in real time.

[0013] Furthermore, the sensor module includes a position sensor.

[0014] Furthermore: the motor drive module includes a TB67H451FNG motor drive chip, and the control motor is driven to run by the TB67H451FNG motor drive chip.

[0015] Furthermore, the protection and drive unit also includes a relay driven by a ULN2003 Darlington transistor and a buzzer. When the motor drive module experiences an overcurrent, the ULN2003 Darlington transistor-driven relay disconnects and triggers an alarm via the buzzer.

[0016] In the above structure: the smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm proposed in this utility model includes a main control unit, a control algorithm unit, a display and feedback unit, a protection and drive unit, a multi-mode control unit, and a power-down memory unit, wherein:

[0017] Main control unit: includes main control chip, which adopts STC8H8K64U enhanced 51 microcontroller, supports ultra-high speed operation (1T core), and integrates PWM module, ADC module and I / O switching module that can switch multiple I / O modes;

[0018] Control algorithm unit: includes a position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module with dead-zone control, which can collect the position signal of the push rod machine in real time through the position sensor, and after calculation, adjustment and summation, adjust the speed of the control motor through PWM output. The position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module calculates the deviation of the collected push rod machine position signal based on the PID closed-loop algorithm, and then performs proportional and integral adjustment and summation, and finally adjusts the speed of the control motor through PWM output.

[0019] Multi-mode control unit: Through the set button control module, potentiometer analog quantity control module and RS485 communication control module, the controller can support three modes: button control, potentiometer analog quantity control and RS485 communication control, to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0020] Display and Feedback Unit: Includes a digital tube driver module, a sensor module, and a display module. The display module uses a digital tube, and the digital tube driver module uses a TM1638 to drive the digital tube display interface, displaying the position percentage of the push rod machine in real time. It outputs analog signals through a PWM analog DAC to feed back position information to the upper-level device.

[0021] Protection and drive unit: includes motor drive module and optocoupler isolation module. The motor drive module uses TB67H451FNG motor drive chip to drive and control the motor operation. It drives relays and buzzers through ULN2003 Darlington transistors to alarm and cut off power when overcurrent occurs. The optocoupler isolation module can isolate external input signals.

[0022] Power-off memory unit: including EEPROM storage module, which stores key parameters (such as PID coefficients, RS485 station number) to ensure that data is not lost when power is off.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0024] 1. High-precision control: The PID closed-loop algorithm compensates for mechanical errors in real time, improving the accuracy of position control;

[0025] 2. Strong compatibility: Supports RS485 communication, can be expanded into a multi-node control network, and seamlessly integrates with PLC;

[0026] 3. Low cost: It uses general-purpose components (such as TM1638 and STC microcontrollers) to balance performance and cost;

[0027] 4. Easy to debug: The digital tube interface displays parameters intuitively, supporting quick on-site settings and adjustments. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the controller system in this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the RS485 communication protocol message format in this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is the RS485 communication protocol message format in this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the PCB layout diagram of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a rendering of the actual product of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model proposes a closed-loop controller for a smoke exhaust window based on a PID algorithm, including a main control unit, a control algorithm unit, a display and feedback unit, and a protection and drive unit. The main control unit includes a main control chip. The control algorithm unit includes a position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module with dead-zone control, which is connected to the main control chip. The display and feedback unit includes a digital tube driver module, a sensor module, and a display module. The main control chip is connected to the digital tube driver module and the sensor module. The digital tube driver module is connected to the display module, which displays the position of the push rod mechanism in real time. The percentage data is provided. The protection and drive unit includes a motor drive module and an optocoupler isolation module. The main control chip is connected to both the motor drive module and the optocoupler isolation module. The motor drive module is connected to a control motor, which in turn is connected to and drives the actuator. A sensor module is installed on the actuator to collect the actuator's operating error and position information in real time and feeds it back to the position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module and the display module, respectively. The position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module collects the actuator's position signal in real time through the sensor module and outputs the adjusted position signal to adjust the control motor speed, thereby correcting the actuator's operation in real time.

[0035] It also includes a multi-mode control unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The multi-mode control unit includes a button control module, a potentiometer analog quantity control module, and an RS485 communication control module.

[0036] It also includes a power-down memory unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The power-down memory unit includes an EEPROM storage module, which stores key parameters when a power failure occurs.

[0037] The main control chip is an enhanced STC8H8K64U 51 microcontroller. The display module includes a digital tube, and the digital tube driver module includes a TM1638 driver. The digital tube is driven by the TM1638 driver to display the percentage data of the push rod position in real time. The sensor module includes a position sensor. The motor drive module includes a TB67H451FNG motor driver chip, and the control motor is driven by the TB67H451FNG motor driver chip. The protection and drive unit also includes a relay driven by a ULN2003 Darlington transistor and a buzzer. When the motor drive module experiences an overcurrent, the relay driven by the ULN2003 Darlington transistor disconnects and an alarm is triggered by the buzzer.

[0038] This application proposes a closed-loop controller for a smoke exhaust window based on a PID algorithm, comprising a main control unit, a control algorithm unit, a display and feedback unit, a protection and drive unit, a multi-mode control unit, and a power-off memory unit.

[0039] in:

[0040] Main control unit: includes main control chip, which adopts STC8H8K64U enhanced 51 microcontroller, supports ultra-high speed operation (1T core), and integrates PWM module, ADC module and I / O switching module that can switch multiple I / O modes;

[0041] Control algorithm unit: includes a position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module with dead-zone control, which can collect the position signal of the push rod machine in real time through the position sensor, and after calculation, adjustment and summation, adjust the speed of the control motor through PWM output. The position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module calculates the deviation of the collected push rod machine position signal based on the PID closed-loop algorithm, and then performs proportional and integral adjustment and summation, and finally adjusts the speed of the control motor through PWM output.

[0042] Multi-mode control unit: Through the set button control module, potentiometer analog quantity control module and RS485 communication control module, the controller can support three modes: button control, potentiometer analog quantity control and RS485 communication control, to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0043] Display and Feedback Unit: Includes a digital tube driver module, a sensor module, and a display module. The display module uses a digital tube, and the digital tube driver module uses a TM1638 to drive the digital tube display interface, displaying the position percentage of the push rod machine in real time. It outputs analog signals through a PWM analog DAC to feed back position information to the upper-level device.

[0044] Protection and drive unit: includes motor drive module and optocoupler isolation module. The motor drive module uses TB67H451FNG motor drive chip to drive and control the motor operation. It drives relays and buzzers through ULN2003 Darlington transistors to alarm and cut off power when overcurrent occurs. The optocoupler isolation module can isolate external input signals.

[0045] Power-off memory unit: including EEPROM storage module, which stores key parameters (such as PID coefficients, RS485 station number) to ensure that data is not lost when power is off.

[0046] The implementation of the PID algorithm in this application is as follows: the ADC position signal is collected in real time by the position sensor and transmitted to the position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module to calculate the error and output the PWM adjustment amount to control the motor.

[0047] Parameter settings: Switch the interface via the button control module, adjust the PID coefficients (P0, P1) and RS485 station number (P2) and store them in the EEPROM storage module;

[0048] Communication protocol: Modbus-RTU format is used, which supports the master to query the status of the slave and send control commands.

[0049] Operating procedures:

[0050] Normal mode: The digital display shows the percentage of the actuator position;

[0051] Setting mode: Press the setting key to enter the parameter adjustment interface, modify the value using the plus and minus keys, and save it to the EEPROM storage module after confirmation;

[0052] Communication mode: Control and receive commands via RS485 communication to perform window opening, window closing, or parameter synchronization operations.

[0053] Based on the above structure, this application features: high-precision control: the PID closed-loop algorithm compensates for mechanical errors in real time, improving position control accuracy; strong compatibility: it supports RS485 communication, can be expanded into a multi-node control network, and seamlessly connects with PLC; low cost: it uses general-purpose components (such as TM1638 and STC microcontrollers), balancing performance and cost; and easy debugging: the digital tube interface displays parameters intuitively, supporting rapid on-site setting and adjustment.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any other way. Any modifications or equivalent changes made based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A closed-loop controller for a smoke exhaust window based on a PID algorithm, characterized in that: The system includes a main control unit, a control algorithm unit, a display and feedback unit, and a protection and drive unit. The main control unit includes a main control chip. The control algorithm unit includes a position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module with dead-zone control, connected to the main control chip. The display and feedback unit includes a digital tube driver module, a sensor module, and a display module. The main control chip is connected to the digital tube driver module and the sensor module. The digital tube driver module is connected to the display module, which displays the percentage data of the actuator's position in real time. The protection and drive unit includes a motor drive module and an optocoupler isolation module. The main control chip is connected to both the motor drive module and the optocoupler isolation module. The motor drive module is connected to a control motor, which is connected to and drives the actuator. The sensor module is installed on the actuator and collects the actuator's operating error and position information in real time, feeding it back to the position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module and the display module. The position-type PID closed-loop algorithm module collects the actuator's position signal in real time through the sensor module and outputs an adjusted position signal to regulate the control motor speed, correcting the actuator's operation in real time. It also includes a multi-mode control unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The multi-mode control unit includes a button control module, a potentiometer analog quantity control module, and an RS485 communication control module. It also includes a power-down memory unit, which is connected to the main control chip. The power-down memory unit includes an EEPROM storage module, which stores key parameters when a power failure occurs.

2. The smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control chip is an enhanced STC8H8K64U 51 microcontroller.

3. A smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display module includes a digital tube, and the digital tube driving module includes a TM1638 driver. The digital tube is driven by the TM1638 driver to display the percentage data of the position of the push rod mechanism in real time.

4. A smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes a position sensor.

5. A smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor drive module includes a TB67H451FNG motor drive chip, and the control motor is driven by the TB67H451FNG motor drive chip.

6. A smoke exhaust window closed-loop controller based on PID algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection and drive unit also includes a relay driven by a ULN2003 Darlington transistor and a buzzer. When the motor drive module experiences an overcurrent, the ULN2003 Darlington transistor-driven relay disconnects and triggers an alarm via the buzzer.

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