Central venous catheter maintenance training teaching aid for blood purification

Abstract

The utility model relates to a central venous catheter maintenance training teaching aid for blood purification, which comprises a human body model, a central venous catheter, a cover plate, a base and a liquid bottle, the internal jugular vein position and the subclavian vein position of the human body model are respectively provided with a groove with the same shape and size, the base is placed in the groove, and the liquid bottle is arranged in the groove. The base is matched with the groove in shape and size, the lower surface of the cover plate is connected with the base, a liquid bottle filled with red liquid is placed in the base, the central venous catheter penetrates through a central hole of the cover plate and is downwards inserted into the bottom of the liquid bottle, and the central venous catheter is fixedly connected with the cover plate. The training aid can be used by clinical nursing personnel for teaching or usual practice, the technical operation level of the clinical nursing personnel is improved, catheter infection complications are reduced, the hospitalization time is shortened, and the pain and social and economic burden of patients are relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical and nursing equipment, specifically a training tool for the maintenance of central venous catheters for blood purification. Background Technology

[0002] Central venous catheter placement is a common medical procedure used to establish long-term or temporary central venous access. This technique is widely used in various clinical situations, such as blood purification, critical patient resuscitation, infusion of high-risk or irritating drugs, and special monitoring.

[0003] When a patient experiences renal failure, blood purification therapy is necessary to prolong their life. During this therapy, a central venous catheter (CVC) is first inserted into the subclavian or internal jugular vein to reduce the pain of repeated punctures for uremia patients. The patient's blood is then guided into a blood purification machine to remove small molecules such as urea, creatinine, and uric acid before being reinfused into the patient through the CVC. Establishing a stable and reliable blood access is fundamental for successful blood purification; therefore, CVC maintenance and care are particularly important. CVC maintenance mainly includes puncture site care, catheter function assessment, dressing changes, and catheter sealing. In practice, dressing changes and catheter flushing and sealing are complex and challenging procedures.

[0004] Currently, clinical training for central venous catheter maintenance in hospitals relies on verbal descriptions, preventing students from participating in practical exercises. This is particularly true for dressing changes and catheter flushing and sealing procedures, which present significant challenges for trainers, hindering nursing staff's ability to effectively master the techniques and pressure required, resulting in poor teaching outcomes. Furthermore, there are currently no training materials specifically designed for central venous catheter maintenance in blood purification, thus failing to meet the needs of clinical teaching and training. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a training tool for the maintenance of central venous catheters used in blood purification. This tool can be used for training, teaching, and assessment of clinical nursing staff, enabling them to better master the maintenance operation of central venous catheters and improve their professional skills.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model:

[0007] A training tool for maintaining a central venous catheter for blood purification includes a human model, a central venous catheter, a cover plate, a base, and a liquid bottle. The human model has a groove of the same shape and size at both the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein. The base is placed in the groove, and the shape and size of the base and the groove match. The lower surface of the cover plate is connected to the base. A liquid bottle containing red liquid is placed inside the base. The central venous catheter passes through the central hole of the cover plate and is inserted downward into the bottom of the liquid bottle. The central venous catheter is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0009] 1. The training aids in this application can be used by clinical nursing staff for teaching or daily practice, to improve the technical operation level of clinical nursing staff, reduce the occurrence of catheter infection complications, shorten hospital stay, and reduce patient suffering and socioeconomic burden.

[0010] 2. The red liquid in the liquid bottle of the training aid in this application imitates human blood, allowing for a direct and clear observation of the maintenance process of the central venous catheter. It is used for teaching purposes to facilitate a better understanding of the entire nursing process. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the training tool for the maintenance of central venous catheters for blood purification used in this application.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the catheter maintenance teaching component of the training tool for central venous catheter maintenance for blood purification in this application.

[0014] Figure label:

[0015] Human body model 1; groove 11; central venous catheter 21; cover plate 22; base 23; liquid bottle 24; circle 25; base body 231; outer edge 232. Detailed Implementation

[0016] In order to solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a training tool for the maintenance of central venous catheters for blood purification, which can provide a more vivid and engaging teaching method for the maintenance of central venous catheters.

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] It should be noted that in the description of this application, terms such as "inner", "outer", "upper", and "lower" that indicate direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0019] The maintenance of central venous catheters mainly includes puncture site care, catheter function assessment, dressing change, and catheter sealing.

[0020] 1. Puncture site care: Regularly check the puncture site for redness, swelling, bleeding, oozing, whether the skin at the puncture site is intact, itching, rash, purulent discharge, etc. Keep the puncture site clean and dry.

[0021] 2. Catheter function assessment: Check the catheter daily for movement or kinking, and confirm that the catheter is in the blood vessel. Before each dialysis session, flush the vascular access device and draw blood to assess catheter function and patency.

[0022] 3. Dressing Change: Change dressings regularly. Transparent dressings should be changed at least every 7 days, and sterile gauze dressings should be changed at least every 2 days. Dressings should be changed immediately if they are soiled, loose, damaged, or have excessive bleeding or exudation.

[0023] 4. Catheter sealing: After dialysis, flush the catheter with normal saline and then seal it with heparin to prevent catheter blockage and thrombosis.

[0024] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown: 1. A training aid for the maintenance of a central venous catheter for blood purification, comprising a human mannequin 1, a central venous catheter 21, a cover plate 22, a base 23, and a liquid bottle 24. The human mannequin 1 has grooves 11 of the same shape and size at both the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein. The base 23 is placed within the grooves 11, and the shape and size of the base 23 and the grooves 11 are matched. The lower surface of the cover plate 22 is connected to the base 23. A liquid bottle 24 containing red liquid, simulating human blood, is placed inside the base 23. The central venous catheter 21 passes through the central hole of the cover plate 22 and is inserted downwards into the bottom of the liquid bottle 24. The central venous catheter 21 is fixedly connected to the cover plate 22.

[0025] Clinically, when performing procedures such as blood purification, a central venous catheter needs to be inserted into the patient's internal jugular vein or subclavian vein. Therefore, the teaching aid in this application has grooves in the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein of the human model. During training, the central venous catheter, cover plate, base and fluid bottle can be placed in the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein according to the actual situation.

[0026] The base of this training aid matches the size and shape of the groove on the human body model. During operation, the base is placed into the groove, and the base and groove interlock. The central venous catheter is inserted into the fluid bottle, and the central venous catheter and cover are fixedly connected to prevent the catheter from dislodging. Because the central venous catheter needs to be sutured to the skin during clinical dialysis, this training aid fixes the central venous catheter and cover to prevent dislodgement. The central venous catheter passes through the cover and is inserted into the fluid bottle. During flushing, the red liquid in the fluid bottle can be drawn through the central venous catheter, mimicking human blood.

[0027] The cover plate and the base can be connected in the following ways: First, the cover plate 22 and the base 23 are threaded together. Second, the base 23 consists of a recessed base body 231 and an outer edge 232. The shape and size of the base body 231 match the groove 11, and the outer edge 232 of the base is connected to the cover plate 22 by means of adhesive or bolts. The cover plate 22 and the base 23 can also be connected by a fixed method.

[0028] The liquid bottle 24 includes a cap and a body, which are threaded together. The cap has a hole through which a central venous catheter is inserted into the bottom of the liquid bottle.

[0029] On the human model, two circles 25, with diameters of 15cm and 20cm respectively, are drawn at the central hole (equivalent to the puncture point) through which the central venous catheter 21 passes through the cover plate at the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein locations. These circles represent the disinfection area. In practice, the disinfection area must be larger than the dressing; therefore, a 15cm or 20cm disinfection area is selected depending on the size of the dressing. The 15cm and 20cm circles at the internal jugular vein are omitted in the diagram, but the actual teaching aid also has two circles representing the disinfection area.

[0030] When using the training aids described in this application, first connect the central venous catheter, cover plate, base, and fluid bottle. Then place the base into the groove of the anatomical model. Because the base body and the groove are of the same size and shape, the base can be securely held in place. This application can be used for training clinical nursing staff in the maintenance and care of central venous catheters for blood purification, improving the technical operation level of clinical nursing staff, reducing the occurrence of catheter infection complications, shortening hospital stays, and alleviating patient suffering and socioeconomic burden.

[0031] The teaching and training process for the "Training Aid for the Maintenance of Central Venous Catheters for Blood Purification" in this application is as follows:

[0032] 1. First, place the human body model of the teaching aid of this application on the bed, and as needed, insert the assembled central venous catheter, cover plate, base and liquid bottle into the groove of the internal jugular vein or subclavian vein.

[0033] 2. Check the spare items, push the cart next to the human model (equivalent to the patient) of this application, place the treatment cart in a reasonable position, verify the patient, wash hands, put on a mask, and prepare a disposable nursing kit.

[0034] 3. The assistant washes hands, puts on clean gloves, opens the dressing at the catheter opening and the dressing covering the outside of the catheter, and observes the skin around the catheter for integrity, redness, swelling, and exudation. Assess the central venous catheter for kinks, whether the clamp is in the closed position, whether the external connection of the central venous catheter is broken, and whether the central venous catheter cap has fallen off. Remove gloves, wash hands, open the double-layered dressing of the central venous catheter maintenance kit, and place gauze, sterile dressing, and a 5ml syringe in the sterile area. Place cotton balls in the dressing bowl and pour in iodine.

[0035] Wash hands, put on sterile gloves, and soak cotton balls in the solution. Lay a perforated drape to fully expose the area to be disinfected (the area 20 cm circumferentially around the connection point between the central venous catheter and the cover plate in this application), and place a kidney dish. Hold the central venous catheter with a piece of gauze in one hand, and using the hole through which the central venous catheter passes through the cover plate (equivalent to the puncture point) as the center, slowly rotate from the inside out to disinfect the skin in a spiral motion, gradually wiping in a clockwise direction. Place another piece of gauze under the catheter, and then disinfect the catheter opening and surrounding skin twice, alternating between clockwise and counterclockwise. The disinfected area should be greater than 15 cm or 20 cm. Allow the disinfected area to dry.

[0036] 4. The assistant disinfects the arterial and venous protective caps with two iodine-soaked cotton balls each (the operator washes hands, wears sterile gloves, and lifts the arterial and venous protective caps of the catheter). Disinfect the exposed portion of the catheter from top to bottom with iodine-soaked cotton balls (disinfect the top, bottom, left, and right sides of both catheters separately, using one cotton ball for each side, for a total of eight). Lay down a treatment towel and place the disinfected central venous catheter on the treatment towel.

[0037] 5. The operator checks that the catheter clamp is closed, secures the central venous catheter, removes the protective cap from the arterial end of the central venous catheter, and the assistant tears open the outer packaging of the alcohol swab, disinfects the cross-section and periphery of the central venous catheter port, and vigorously wipes it all over for at least 15 seconds to remove blood clots from the threads. After drying, connect a 5ml syringe. The operator opens the arterial catheter clamp, and the assistant uses the 5ml syringe to aspirate 2ml of heparin locking solution from the central venous catheter, while simultaneously aspirating the red liquid (simulating human blood) from the fluid bottle. Confirming catheter patency, the operator closes the arterial catheter clamp and places it on the treatment towel. (This step is the flushing process and is performed before hemodialysis.)

[0038] 6. The assistant connects a 20ml syringe (containing 10ml of 0.9% sodium chloride injection). The operator opens the arterial catheter clamp, and the assistant uses a pulsatile method to inject 10ml of 0.9% sodium chloride injection to flush the central venous catheter. After visually inspecting and confirming that there is no blood residue remaining in the exposed part of the central venous catheter, the operator uses a bouncy injection to inject 0.1ml more heparinized saline solution than the lumen volume for sealing. The operator closes the catheter clamp and connects the heparin cap to the catheter. (This step is the sealing process and is performed after hemodialysis.)

[0039] 7. The methods for disinfecting and flushing / sealing the venous end are the same as those for the arterial end.

[0040] 8. Wrap the catheter with sterile gauze, secure the sterile dressing properly to the patient's skin, and use a marker to record the date and time of dressing change on the outside of the dressing.

[0041] 9. Organize items, properly sort and dispose of garbage, remove gloves, wash hands, record, and tidy the bed unit.

[0042] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art, inspired by this description, design similar structures and implementations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical essence of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A training tool for maintaining central venous catheters used in blood purification, characterized in that: The device includes a human model, a central venous catheter, a cover plate, a base, and a liquid bottle. The human model has a groove of the same shape and size at the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein. The base is placed in the groove, and the shape and size of the base and the groove match. The lower surface of the cover plate is connected to the base. A liquid bottle containing red liquid is placed in the base. The central venous catheter passes through the central hole of the cover plate and is inserted downward into the bottom of the liquid bottle. The central venous catheter is fixedly connected to the cover plate.

2. The training tool for maintaining central venous catheters for blood purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is threadedly connected to the base.

3. The training tool for maintaining central venous catheters for blood purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base consists of a recessed base body and an outer edge. The shape and size of the base body match the groove, and the outer edge of the base is connected to the cover plate by adhesive or bolts.

4. The training tool for maintaining central venous catheters for blood purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid bottle includes a cap and a bottle body, which are threaded together. The cap has a hole through which a central venous catheter is inserted into the bottom of the liquid bottle.

5. The training tool for maintaining central venous catheters for blood purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two circles with diameters of 15cm and 20cm are drawn at the internal jugular vein and subclavian vein of the human model, centered on the hole through which the central venous catheter passes through the cover plate.

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