Single battery and battery pack
By setting guide grooves on the side wall of the battery casing, thermal runaway gas can be discharged from the explosion-proof valve in a timely manner, solving the problem of the top cover bursting open in the prior art and realizing a safe and reliable battery design.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423220826.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-24
AI Technical Summary
In existing batteries, the explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the casing, which prevents the gas at the top from being released in time during thermal runaway, causing the top cover to explode and resulting in a safety accident.
A first guide groove is provided on the side wall of the shell to connect the first space and the explosion-proof hole, so that the thermal runaway gas can flow through the guide groove to the explosion-proof hole and be discharged through the explosion-proof valve after reaching the preset pressure, thus preventing the gas from accumulating at the top cover.
It effectively vents thermal runaway gases, prevents the top cover from exploding, avoids safety accidents, and ensures battery safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223898512U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a single cell battery and a battery pack. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, the battery's explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the casing. When the battery experiences thermal runaway and releases high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the gas pressure in the battery top cover area is the highest. However, because the explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom, the gas at the top cannot reach the bottom in time to be vented through the explosion-proof valve. Therefore, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, the top cover will burst open, causing the thermal runaway gas to be released into the vehicle's interior space, resulting in a safety accident. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single battery and a battery pack to solve the technical problem in the prior art where the explosion-proof valve is located at the bottom of the battery, and the thermal runaway gas at the top cannot be discharged in time, thus causing the top cover to burst open.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this utility model provides a single-cell battery having intersecting first, second, and third directions, comprising:
[0005] A housing having a bottom wall in the third direction and a first side wall in the second direction, the first side wall being connected to the bottom wall, and the bottom wall having explosion-proof holes;
[0006] An explosion-proof valve is provided on the bottom wall and covers the explosion-proof hole;
[0007] A top cover, which is connected to the housing, and the top cover is located on the side of the housing away from the explosion-proof valve in the third direction;
[0008] An electrode assembly is disposed within the housing, and a first space exists between the electrode assembly and the top cover in the third direction;
[0009] The first sidewall is provided with a first guide groove, which is connected to the first space and also connected to the explosion-proof hole.
[0010] Preferably, the first guide groove extends to the connection between the bottom wall and the side wall, and the bottom wall is further provided with a second guide groove, the second guide groove connecting the first guide groove and the explosion-proof hole.
[0011] Preferably, the second guide groove extends to the explosion-proof hole, and the groove wall of the second guide groove is partially connected to the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole, so that the second guide groove communicates with the explosion-proof hole.
[0012] Preferably, the first guide groove is provided in multiple ways, and the second guide groove is provided in multiple ways;
[0013] Multiple first guide grooves are arranged parallel to each other at intervals along the first direction; or, at least two first guide grooves are arranged intersectingly.
[0014] Preferably, the number of first guide grooves is greater than the number of second guide grooves, and the bottom wall is also provided with a third guide groove. A portion of the first guide grooves are connected to the corresponding second guide grooves, and another portion of the first guide grooves are connected to the third guide groove. The third guide groove is connected to the second guide groove.
[0015] Preferably, the third guide groove intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide grooves; or, the bottom wall is further provided with a connecting groove, which connects the third guide groove and the second guide groove.
[0016] Preferably, the housing further has a second sidewall in the first direction, the second sidewall being connected to both the first sidewall and the bottom wall;
[0017] The bottom wall is also provided with a guide groove, which is connected to the explosion-proof hole; the second side wall is provided with a fourth guide groove, which is connected to the first space and is also connected to the guide groove.
[0018] Preferably, there are multiple fourth guide grooves and multiple through grooves, each corresponding to one of the fourth guide grooves;
[0019] The guide groove extends to the explosion-proof hole; and / or, the guide groove intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide groove and the third guide groove.
[0020] Preferably, the single battery cell further includes a bracket disposed between the electrode assembly and the bottom wall, so that a second space is formed between the electrode assembly and the explosion-proof valve in the third direction, and the explosion-proof hole communicates with the second space;
[0021] The first guide groove extends along the third direction and is provided in multiple ways, with one end of the first guide groove facing the bottom wall extending to communicate with the second space.
[0022] A second aspect of this utility model provides a battery pack comprising individual batteries as described above.
[0023] The single battery and battery pack provided by this utility model have the following advantages: the first side wall of the shell is provided with a first guide groove that connects the first space and the explosion-proof hole. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas in the first space located at the top cover of the battery can flow to the position of the explosion-proof hole through the first guide groove. When the preset pressure is reached, the thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve to prevent the thermal runaway gas from accumulating in the first space at the top cover and causing the top cover to burst open, thereby eliminating safety hazards and avoiding safety accidents.
[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sidewall of an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sidewall in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a single battery cell with a support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] In the figure, 100 is the housing; 110 is the first sidewall; 111 is the first guide groove; 120 is the bottom wall; 121 is the explosion-proof valve; 122 is the second guide groove; 123 is the explosion-proof hole; 124 is the third guide groove; 125 is the through groove; 130 is the second sidewall; 131 is the fourth guide groove; 200 is the top cover; 210 is the positive electrode post; 220 is the negative electrode post; 300 is the electrode assembly; 400 is the first space; 500 is the bracket; and 600 is the second space. Detailed Implementation
[0031] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0033] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0034] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0035] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 5 The single-cell battery provided in the embodiments of this utility model will now be described. The single-cell battery has a first direction X, a second direction Y, and a third direction Z that intersect each other in pairs, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown.
[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the single-cell battery of this utility model embodiment includes a housing 100, a top cover 200, and an electrode assembly 300.
[0037] Reference Figures 1 to 4 The housing 100 has a bottom wall 120 in the third direction Z and a first side wall 110 in the second direction Y. The first side wall 110 is connected to the bottom wall 120. The bottom wall 120 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 123 and an explosion-proof valve 121. The explosion-proof valve 121 is located on the bottom wall 120 and covers the explosion-proof hole 123. The top cover 200 is connected to the housing 100, and the top cover 200 is located on the side of the housing 100 away from the explosion-proof valve 121 in the third direction Z. The electrode assembly 300 is located inside the housing 100, and there is a first space 400 between the electrode assembly 300 and the top cover 200 in the third direction Z. The first side wall 110 is provided with a first guide groove 111, which communicates with the first space 400 and also communicates with the explosion-proof hole 123.
[0038] The first space 400 is the space between the electrode assembly 300 and the top cover 200, which is the top area inside the single cell. The top space is connected to the area of the explosion-proof hole 123 where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located through the first guide groove 111. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas in the first space 400 at the top cover 200 can flow through the first guide groove 111 to the explosion-proof hole 123. When the preset pressure is reached, the thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 121 to prevent the thermal runaway gas from accumulating in the first space 400 at the top cover 200 and causing the top cover 200 to burst open, thus eliminating safety hazards and avoiding safety accidents.
[0039] In some embodiments of this utility model, the first guide groove 111 extends to the connection between the bottom wall 120 and the side wall. The bottom wall 120 is also provided with a second guide groove 122, which connects the first guide groove 111 and the explosion-proof hole 123. That is, when thermal runaway gas reaches the first guide groove 111 from the first space 400, it further passes through the second guide groove 122 and then reaches the explosion-proof hole 123 where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located. By setting the second guide groove 122, the gas in the first guide groove 111 can reach the position of the explosion-proof hole 123. At the same time, it can also ensure that the bottom wall 120 has space for thermal runaway gas to pass through. This ensures that the thermal runaway gas in the first space 400 can reach the explosion-proof valve 121 area of the bottom wall 120 after passing through the first guide groove 111 and finally be discharged to the outside of the battery, ensuring the safety of battery use.
[0040] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The bottom wall 120 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 123, and the explosion-proof valve 121 closes the explosion-proof hole 123. The second guide groove 122 extends to the explosion-proof hole 123, and the groove wall of the second guide groove 122 is partially connected to the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 123, so that the second guide groove 122 communicates with the explosion-proof hole 123. The explosion-proof hole 123 is used to assemble the explosion-proof valve 121. The second guide groove 122 extends to the explosion-proof hole 123, and its groove wall is partially connected to the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole 123, thereby making the second guide groove 122 communicate with the explosion-proof hole 123, so as to ensure that the gas in the first space 400 communicates with the explosion-proof hole 123 at the explosion-proof valve 121 after passing through the first guide groove 111 and the second guide groove 122.
[0041] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4Multiple first guide channels 111 and multiple second guide channels 122 are provided. By providing multiple first guide channels 111 and multiple second guide channels 122, the first space 400 can be connected to the area where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located through the multiple first guide channels 111 and multiple second guide channels 122, so that the thermal runaway gas of the first space 400 can be output to the explosion-proof valve 121 through multiple exhaust channels. Furthermore, based on the above, the multiple first guide channels 111 are arranged parallel to each other at intervals along the first direction X; for example... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the extension direction of the first guide channel 111 is parallel to the third direction Z, which minimizes the path of the first guide channel 111, allowing the gas to be output to the explosion-proof valve 121 more quickly. In addition, the extension direction of the first guide channel 111 can also form an angle with the third direction Z, wherein the angle is an acute angle, and the lower end of the first guide channel 111 is connected to the second guide channel 122 of the bottom wall 120.
[0042] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 Multiple second guide grooves 122 can be arranged parallel to each other along the second direction Y. In addition, multiple second guide grooves 122 can also be radially distributed around the explosion-proof valve 121, wherein one end of the second guide groove 122 is connected to the first guide groove 111, and the other end extends to the explosion-proof hole 123 in the middle of the bottom wall 120, so as to ensure that the first guide groove 111 is connected to the area where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located through the second guide groove 122.
[0043] In some specific embodiments, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 At least two of the first guide channels 111 are arranged in an intersecting manner. When one of the first guide channels 111 is blocked, the gas can flow into the other first guide channel 111 through the intersection, ensuring smooth exhaust.
[0044] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The number of first guide grooves 111 is greater than the number of second guide grooves 122. The bottom wall 120 is also provided with a third guide groove 124. A portion of the first guide grooves 111 are connected to the corresponding second guide grooves 122, and another portion of the first guide grooves 111 are connected to the third guide groove 124. The third guide groove 124 is connected to the second guide groove 122. That is, a portion of the first guide grooves 111 are connected to the explosion-proof hole 123 through the third guide groove 124 and the second guide groove 122 to form an exhaust channel. This allows the thermal runaway gas in the first space 400 to be connected to the explosion-proof hole 123 through the first guide grooves 111, the third guide groove 124, and the second guide groove 122, so as to better allow the thermal runaway gas in the first space 400 to be discharged to the outside of the battery through the explosion-proof hole 123 of the explosion-proof valve 121.
[0045] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The third guide groove 124 intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide grooves 122. That is, the third guide groove 124 is directly intersecting and communicating with the second guide groove 122, so that the first guide groove 111 is directly communicating with the second guide groove 122 through the third guide groove 124, so that the gas can reach the explosion-proof hole 123.
[0046] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The bottom wall 120 may also be provided with a guide groove 125, which connects the third guide groove 124 and the second guide groove 122. That is, the third guide groove 124 is connected to the second guide groove 122 through the guide groove 125, so that the first guide groove 111 is connected to the explosion-proof hole 123 through the third guide groove 124, the guide groove 125, and the second guide groove 122.
[0047] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The housing 100 further has a second sidewall 130 in the first direction X, the second sidewall 130 being connected to both the first sidewall 110 and the bottom wall 120; the bottom wall 120 is also provided with a guide groove 125, the guide groove 125 being connected to the explosion-proof hole 123; the second sidewall 130 is provided with a fourth guide groove 131, the fourth guide groove 131 being connected to the first space 400, and the fourth guide groove 131 being connected to the guide groove 125. That is, the first space 400 is connected to the area where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located at the explosion-proof hole 123 through the fourth guide groove 131 and the guide groove 125. Therefore, the thermal runaway gas of the first space 400 can also be output to the area where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located through the fourth guide groove 131 of the second sidewall 130, so as to provide more exhaust channels, allowing the thermal runaway gas of the first space 400 to be guided to the explosion-proof hole 123 and discharged to the outside of the battery.
[0048] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figures 1 to 4 The fourth guide groove 131 is provided in multiple ways, and the guide groove 125 is provided in multiple ways, each corresponding to one of the fourth guide grooves 131. By providing multiple fourth guide grooves 131, the second sidewall 130 allows gas to be transported from the first space 400 to the explosion-proof valve 121 through the multiple fourth guide grooves 131, ensuring the efficiency of thermal runaway gas transport and preventing thermal runaway gas from leaking out of the first space 400. Specifically, in this embodiment, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 4A portion of the guide groove 125 extends to the explosion-proof hole 123; a portion of the guide groove 125 intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide groove 122 and the third guide groove 124. This ensures that the fourth guide groove 131 connects to the area where the explosion-proof valve 121 is located, guaranteeing unobstructed gas flow. Alternatively, all fourth guide grooves 131 can directly communicate with the explosion-proof hole 123 through the guide groove 125, or all fourth guide grooves 131 can intersect and communicate with at least one of the second guide groove 122 and the third guide groove 124 through the guide groove 125.
[0049] In some embodiments of this utility model, reference is made to Figure 5 The single battery also includes a support 500, which is disposed between the electrode assembly 300 and the bottom wall 120, so that a second space 600 is formed between the electrode assembly 300 and the explosion-proof valve 121 in the third direction Z. The explosion-proof hole 123 communicates with the second space 600. The first guide groove 111 extends along the third direction Z and is provided in multiple ways. One end of the first guide groove 111 facing the bottom wall 120 extends to communicate with the second space. That is, the first space 400 is connected to the second space 600 through the first guide groove 111. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas can be transported to the second space 600 through the first guide groove 111 and then transported to the outside of the battery through the explosion-proof hole 123 after the explosion-proof valve 121 is opened, which can reduce safety hazards and ensure safe use.
[0050] In some embodiments of this utility model, a positive electrode post 210 and a negative electrode post 220 are provided on the top cover 200, and the positive electrode post 210 and the negative electrode post 220 are electrically connected to the electrode assembly 300.
[0051] This embodiment also provides a battery pack having the aforementioned individual battery cells. Therefore, when the battery pack is in use, if a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas in the top first space 400 can reach the area of the explosion-proof valve 121 at the explosion-proof hole 123 on the bottom wall 120 through the first guide groove 111, so that the thermal runaway gas can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 121, preventing the thermal runaway gas from accumulating in the first space 400 at the top cover 200 and causing the top cover to burst open, thereby eliminating safety hazards and avoiding safety accidents.
[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of this utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A single-cell battery having intersecting first directions (X), second directions (Y), and third directions (Z), characterized in that, include: A housing (100) having a bottom wall (120) in the third direction (Z) and a first side wall (110) in the second direction (Y), the first side wall (110) being connected to the bottom wall (120), the bottom wall (120) being provided with an explosion-proof hole (123); An explosion-proof valve (121) is provided on the bottom wall (120) and covers the explosion-proof hole (123); A top cover (200) is connected to the housing (100), and the top cover (200) is located on the side of the housing (100) away from the explosion-proof valve (121) in the third direction (Z); An electrode assembly (300) is disposed within the housing (100), and a first space (400) is formed between the electrode assembly (300) and the top cover (200) in the third direction (Z). The first sidewall (110) is provided with a first guide groove (111), which is connected to the first space (400) and is also connected to the explosion-proof hole (123).
2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide groove (111) extends to the connection between the bottom wall (120) and the side wall. The bottom wall (120) is also provided with a second guide groove (122), which connects the first guide groove (111) and the explosion-proof hole (123).
3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second guide groove (122) extends to the explosion-proof hole (123), and the groove wall of the second guide groove (122) is partially connected to the hole wall of the explosion-proof hole (123) so that the second guide groove (122) communicates with the explosion-proof hole (123).
4. The single-cell battery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first guide groove (111) is provided in multiple ways, and the second guide groove (122) is provided in multiple ways; A plurality of the first guide grooves (111) are arranged in parallel at intervals along the first direction (X); or, at least two of the first guide grooves (111) are arranged intersectingly.
5. The single-cell battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of first guide grooves (111) is greater than the number of second guide grooves (122). The bottom wall (120) is also provided with a third guide groove (124). A portion of the first guide grooves (111) are connected to the corresponding second guide grooves (122), and another portion of the first guide grooves (111) are connected to the third guide groove (124). The third guide groove (124) is connected to the second guide groove (122).
6. The single-cell battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third guide groove (124) intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide grooves (122); or, the bottom wall (120) is further provided with a connecting groove (125), which connects the third guide groove (124) and the second guide groove (122).
7. The single-cell battery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The housing (100) also has a second sidewall (130) in the first direction (X), the second sidewall (130) being connected to both the first sidewall (110) and the bottom wall (120); The bottom wall (120) is also provided with a guide groove (125), which is connected to the explosion-proof hole (123); the second side wall (130) is provided with a fourth guide groove (131), which is connected to the first space (400), and the fourth guide groove (131) is also connected to the guide groove (125).
8. The single-cell battery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth guide groove (131) is provided in multiple ways, and the through groove (125) is provided in multiple ways and corresponds one-to-one with the fourth guide groove (131); The guide groove (125) extends to the explosion-proof hole (123); and / or, the guide groove (125) intersects and communicates with at least one of the second guide groove (122) and the third guide groove (124).
9. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single battery also includes a bracket (500), which is disposed between the electrode assembly (300) and the bottom wall (120) to form a second space (600) between the electrode assembly (300) and the explosion-proof valve (121) in the third direction (Z), and the explosion-proof hole (123) communicates with the second space (600); The first guide groove (111) extends along the third direction (Z) and is provided in a plurality of them. One end of the first guide groove (111) facing the bottom wall (120) extends to communicate with the second space.
10. A battery pack, characterized in that, Including the single cell battery as described in any one of claims 1-9.