Distribution box, battery pack and power utilization device

Abstract

The utility model provides a distribution box, a battery pack and an electric device. The distribution box comprises a box body, a heat absorption piece and a component. A containing cavity is formed in the box body, the component is arranged in the containing cavity, and the heat absorption piece is embedded in the box body and located on one side of the containing cavity. In the working process of the component, a large amount of heat is generated, the heat diffuses in the containing cavity in a heat conduction mode along with temperature rise and is transmitted to the heat absorption piece, the heat absorption piece has high specific heat capacity and can absorb a large amount of heat and store the heat within a certain period of time, the working temperature of the component is effectively reduced, and the safety of the component is guaranteed. And high-power use requirements of power battery fast charging and the like are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of power battery technology, specifically relating to a distribution box, battery pack and power-consuming device. Background Technology

[0002] The BDU (Battery Distribution Unit) is a crucial component of the power battery management system, responsible for the distribution, protection, and management of the battery pack's electrical energy. A distribution box equipped with a BDU mainly consists of a housing and various components within it, forming the main circuit, low-voltage circuit, high-voltage circuit, and pre-charge circuit. These components include relays, fuses, pre-charge resistors, pre-charge relays, and shunts.

[0003] In related technologies, component assemblies are formed by stacking multiple components, with numerous wiring harnesses connecting them. Each component is connected to a copper busbar, which carries away heat. However, due to space limitations within the casing, the volume of the copper busbar cannot be further increased, leading to significant localized heat concentration near high-heat-generating components. Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the components is limited, failing to effectively reduce their temperature. With increasingly higher charge / discharge rate requirements, these technologies cannot meet the high-power demands of fast charging for power batteries. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model embodiment is to provide a distribution box, battery pack and power device that can solve the problem of poor thermal conductivity of the distribution box and poor cooling effect on components in related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model embodiment provides a distribution box, including a box body, a heat-absorbing component, and components;

[0007] The housing has a receiving cavity, the components are disposed in the receiving cavity, and the heat-absorbing element is embedded inside the housing and located on one side of the receiving cavity.

[0008] Optionally, the housing and the heat-absorbing element are integrally injection molded.

[0009] Optionally, the housing is provided with partitions to divide the accommodating cavity into multiple sub-accommodating cavities, and at least one of the sub-accommodating cavities is provided with the component.

[0010] Optionally, at least one of the sub-receiving cavities is provided with the heat-absorbing element on one side.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include a thermally conductive structure;

[0012] The heat-conducting structure is disposed within the accommodating cavity, and the heat-conducting structure is connected between the component and the heat-absorbing element.

[0013] Optionally, the thermally conductive structure is an insulating thermally conductive adhesive, which is poured into the accommodating cavity and bonded to the components and the heat-absorbing element.

[0014] Optionally, the thermally conductive structure is a thermally conductive pad, with one side of the thermally conductive pad contacting the component and the other side contacting the heat-absorbing component.

[0015] Optionally, the heat-absorbing element is an aluminum plate or a copper plate.

[0016] Optionally, the thickness of the heat-absorbing element is t, where 1.5mm ≤ t ≤ 2.5mm.

[0017] Optionally, it may also include a bus;

[0018] The busbar is at least partially located within the accommodating cavity and fixedly connected to the housing, and is electrically connected to the components.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a circuit board;

[0020] The circuit board is fixedly connected to one side of the housing.

[0021] Optionally, the plurality of sub-cavities include a first sub-cavity, a second sub-cavity, a third sub-cavity, and a fourth sub-cavity;

[0022] A shunt is provided in the first sub-accommodating cavity, a fuse is provided in the second sub-accommodating cavity, a relay is provided in the third sub-accommodating cavity, and a pre-charge resistor is provided in the fourth sub-accommodating cavity.

[0023] Optionally, the pre-charge resistor is electrically connected to the circuit board, the fuse is electrically connected to the relay, and the relay is electrically connected to the busbar.

[0024] Optionally, a cover plate may also be included;

[0025] The cover plate is snapped together with the other side of the box.

[0026] Secondly, this utility model embodiment also provides a battery pack, including the distribution box described in any of the above claims.

[0027] Thirdly, this utility model embodiment also provides an electrical device, including any of the above-mentioned distribution box or battery pack.

[0028] The distribution box provided in this embodiment has an internal cavity within the box, where components are housed, providing space for component installation. A heat-absorbing component is embedded within the box and located on one side of the cavity. During operation, the components generate a large amount of heat. As the temperature rises, the heat diffuses within the cavity through thermal conduction and is transferred to the heat-absorbing component. The heat-absorbing component has a high specific heat capacity, enabling it to absorb a large amount of heat and store it for a certain period, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the components, ensuring their safety, and meeting the high-power requirements of applications such as fast charging of power batteries.

[0029] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more obvious and understandable, specific embodiments of this utility model are given below. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this utility model will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the distribution box structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distribution box provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 Planar schematic diagram along direction A;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the box in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the distribution box provided in this embodiment of the utility model without the box body.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 1-Box body, 101-First hole, 102-Second hole, 103-Third hole, 104-Fourth hole, 11-Receiving cavity, 12-Shell, 13-Block, 14-Sub-receiving cavity, 14a-First sub-receiving cavity, 14b-Second sub-receiving cavity, 14c-Third sub-receiving cavity, 14d-Fourth sub-receiving cavity, 2-Heat absorber, 3-Component, 31-Shunting device, 32-Fuse, 33-Relay, 34-Pre-charge resistor, 4-Bus, 5-Circuit board, 61-First cover plate, 62-Second cover plate, 71-First bolt, 72-Second bolt, 73-Third bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0039] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this utility model can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, the first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0040] In related technologies, each electronic component has its own mounting panel and mounting feet, occupying a considerable amount of space. As the number of electrical circuits and components increases, the structure becomes even more compact. The primary method relies on copper busbars to dissipate heat from the components. However, due to structural space constraints, such as electrical clearances and limited space, the volume and number of copper busbars cannot be continuously increased, resulting in significant localized heat concentration in high-heat-generating components. Furthermore, the housing material is plastic, which has low thermal conductivity and weak heat storage capacity, leading to poor heat dissipation from the inside to the outside. With increasingly higher charging rate requirements, conventional technologies are no longer sufficient to meet the high-power demands of fast charging for power batteries.

[0041] The distribution box, battery pack, and power-consuming device provided in this utility model embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, through specific embodiments and application scenarios.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides a distribution box, wherein the box body 1 has a receiving cavity 11, the component 3 is disposed in the receiving cavity 11, and the heat-absorbing component 2 is embedded in the box body 1 and located on one side of the receiving cavity 11.

[0043] Specifically, the distribution box provided in this embodiment of the utility model is used in the power battery BDU. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the distribution box includes a box body 1, a heat-absorbing component 2, and components 3. The box body 1, also known as a shell or base, is made of plastic. The box body 1 has an internal cavity 11, in which the components 3 are placed. The components 3 can be directly fixed to the inner wall of the cavity 11, or indirectly fixed to the cavity 11 through a connecting structure, or fixed to the cavity 11 through a heat-conducting structure, serving a fixing function while dissipating the heat generated by the components 3 to the outside of the cavity 11. The spatial dimensions of the cavity 11 depend on the volume of the components 3 placed therein. The number of cavities 11 can be one, two, or more. In this embodiment, multiple sub-cavities 14 are provided, with at least one sub-cavity 14 containing the components 3. The heat-absorbing component 2 is embedded in the box body 1 and located on one side of the cavity 11 near the first cover plate 61, and on the other side of the cavity 11 near the circuit board 5 and the second cover plate 62. It should be noted that the heat absorber 2 can be designed as multiple separate, unconnected structures. Each sub-cavity 14 containing the component 3 has one heat absorber 2 on one side, or the heat absorber 2 can be designed as an integral sheet, plate, or strip structure connected to one side of the cavity 11. The heat absorber 2 and the housing 1 can be a separate or integral connection structure; this embodiment does not limit this. The heat absorber 2 is typically made of a material with high specific heat capacity, possessing excellent heat insulation and storage functions. Suitable materials include metallic heat absorbers such as copper, iron, or aluminum; non-metallic heat absorbers such as graphite and ceramics; phase change heat absorbers; and radiative heat absorbers.

[0044] Specifically, the heat absorber 2 can be in direct contact with the component 3, or not in direct contact, with heat transfer occurring through air or a thermally conductive structure. When the heat absorber 2 is in direct contact with the component 3, the heat generated during the operation of the component 3 is directly transferred to the heat absorber 2 through thermal conduction. When the component 3 is not in direct contact with the heat absorber 2, the heat generated during the operation of the component 3 diffuses into the air within the accommodating cavity 11, and is then transferred to the heat absorber 2 through thermal conduction. When a thermally conductive structure is provided between the component 3 and the heat absorber 2, the heat generated during the operation of the component 3 is transferred to the heat absorber 2 through the thermally conductive structure and effectively absorbed by the heat absorber 2, thereby reducing the temperature of the component 3 and keeping its operating temperature within a safe temperature range.

[0045] The power distribution box provided in this embodiment generates a large amount of heat during the operation of its components. As the temperature rises, the heat is transferred to the heat-absorbing component through thermal conduction. The heat-absorbing component has a high specific heat capacity, which can absorb a large amount of heat and store the heat for a certain period of time, thereby effectively reducing the operating temperature of the components, ensuring their safety, and meeting the high-power requirements such as fast charging of power batteries.

[0046] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 The housing 1 and the heat-absorbing component 2 are integrally injection molded.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the plastic housing 1 and the heat-absorbing component 2 are integrally connected, forming a single piece through an integrated injection molding process. Specifically, the plastic material is heated and melted, then injected into a mold, where it cools and solidifies with the heat-absorbing component 2, directly encasing the heat-absorbing component 2. That is, both the upper and lower surfaces of the heat-absorbing component 2 are covered by the plastic material, forming a single piece with the housing 1. This method has the advantages of high production speed, high efficiency, and automated operation, making it suitable for processing parts with relatively complex shapes and structures.

[0048] Therefore, the position of the heat absorber 2 is fixed and tightly integrated with the box 1, which increases the structural strength of the distribution box, simplifies the installation process, and the integrated design helps to optimize the thermal management of the power distribution device, improve system stability, enhance the overall performance and service life of the equipment, avoid excessive occupation of the internal space of the distribution box, and avoid the problem of increasing the volume of the distribution box and material costs due to the need to increase the volume of copper busbars in related technologies, thus saving space.

[0049] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The housing 1 is provided with a partition 13, which divides the accommodating cavity 11 into multiple sub-accommodating cavities 14, and at least one of the sub-accommodating cavities 14 is provided with the component 3.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 includes a shell 12 and partitions 13. The shell 12 is an external protective support structure, and the partitions 13 are located inside the shell 12, dividing the accommodating cavity 11 into multiple sub-accommodating cavities 14. At least one component 3 is placed in at least one sub-accommodating cavity 14. When each of the multiple sub-accommodating cavities 14 contains one component 3, the partitions 13 effectively separate the different sub-accommodating cavities 14, preventing mutual interference between different components 3. The components in different sub-accommodating cavities 14 can be the same or different; this embodiment does not impose any limitations. The electronic components used in this embodiment include, but are not limited to, a shunt 31, a fuse 32, a relay 33, and a pre-charge resistor 34. A shunt heat absorber is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity where the shunt 31 is located, a fuse heat absorber is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity where the fuse 32 is located, a relay heat absorber is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity where the relay 33 is located, and a pre-charge resistor heat absorber is provided on one side of the accommodating cavity where the pre-charge resistor 34 is located. The shunt 31 includes a main positive shunt and a main negative shunt, used for current detection. The fuse 32 protects the circuit from overload and short-circuit current damage. The relay 33 expands the control range, amplifies signals, integrates signals, and enables automated operation and remote monitoring. The pre-charge resistor 34 prevents excessive charging current, thereby protecting capacitors and high-voltage electrical components from damage.

[0051] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3At least one side of the sub-accommodating cavity 14 is provided with the heat-absorbing element 2.

[0052] Specifically, at least one side of the sub-cavity 14 containing the component 3 is provided with a heat-absorbing element 2. In this embodiment, a heat-absorbing element 2 is provided on one side of each sub-cavity 14 containing the component 3 to improve heat absorption capacity and effectively reduce the surface temperature of the component 3. Among them, the heat-absorbing element of the sub-cavity 14 where the shunt 31 is located is the exposed aluminum plate of the shunt or the exposed aluminum plate of the negative shunt; the heat-absorbing element of the sub-cavity 14 where the fuse 32 is located is the exposed aluminum plate of the fuse; the heat-absorbing element of the sub-cavity 14 where the relay 33 is located is the exposed aluminum plate of the positive relay or the exposed aluminum plate of the negative relay; and the heat-absorbing element of the sub-cavity 14 where the pre-charge resistor 34 is located is the exposed aluminum plate of the pre-charge resistor.

[0053] Optionally, it also includes a heat-conducting structure; the heat-conducting structure is disposed within the accommodating cavity 11 and is connected between the component 3 and the heat-absorbing element 2.

[0054] Specifically, a heat-conducting structure is disposed within the accommodating cavity 11 and connected between the component 3 and the heat-absorbing component 2. The heat generated during the operation of the component 3 is effectively transferred to the heat-absorbing component 2 via heat conduction through the heat-conducting structure. Materials that can be selected for the heat-conducting structure include, but are not limited to, thermally conductive oil, thermally conductive silicone grease, insulating thermally conductive adhesive, graphite, carbon fiber, thermally conductive metal, or phase change thermally conductive sheet.

[0055] Optionally, the thermally conductive structure is an insulating thermally conductive adhesive, which is poured into the accommodating cavity 11 and adheres to and covers the component 3 and the heat-absorbing element 2.

[0056] Specifically, the component 3 is fixed inside the accommodating cavity 11 by pouring in insulating thermally conductive adhesive, and is bonded to the heat-absorbing component 2. A heat conduction path is formed between the component 3 and the heat-absorbing component 2. The heat generated by the component 3 during operation is transferred to the heat-absorbing component 2 through the insulating thermally conductive adhesive. The thermal conductivity of the insulating thermally conductive adhesive is 0.8 W / (m·K).

[0057] Optionally, the thermally conductive structure is a thermally conductive pad, with one side of the thermally conductive pad contacting the component 3 and the other side contacting the heat-absorbing component 2.

[0058] Specifically, a thermally conductive pad can be inserted into the accommodating cavity 11. One side of the thermally conductive pad is fixed to the component 3, and the other side is fixed to the heat absorber 2. While effectively fixing the component 3 and the heat absorber 2, a heat conduction path is formed between them. The heat generated by the component 3 during operation is transferred to the heat absorber 2 through the thermally conductive pad. The thermally conductive pad can be a thermally conductive metal sheet or a phase-change thermally conductive sheet. Since the distributor 31 has a small volume, a thermally conductive pad connection method is preferred to form a heat conduction path between the distributor 31 and the heat absorber 2.

[0059] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The heat-absorbing element 2 is an aluminum plate or a copper plate.

[0060] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat absorber 2 is an aluminum plate or a copper plate, which has a high specific heat capacity and good heat insulation and storage function. The aluminum plate has a specific heat capacity of 890 J / (kg·K) and a thermal conductivity of 166 W / (m·K); the copper plate has a specific heat capacity of 390 J / (kg·K) and a thermal conductivity of 401 W / (m·K). Considering the heat storage performance and operating cost, this embodiment preferably uses an aluminum plate as the heat absorber 2. Compared with conventional technologies, it can more effectively absorb the heat generated by the components without increasing the number and volume of copper busbars. At the same time, aluminum has a lower unit price and density than copper, achieving lightweight design while meeting heat dissipation requirements.

[0061] Optionally, the thickness of the heat-absorbing element 2 is t, where 1.5mm ≤ t ≤ 2.5mm.

[0062] Specifically, in this embodiment, an aluminum plate is used as the heat absorber 2, specifically 6061 aluminum, with a thickness of t, where 1.5mm ≤ t ≤ 2.5mm. When the thickness is less than 1.5mm, its overall heat storage performance is insufficient; when the thickness is greater than 2.5mm, the thickness is too large, resulting in an excessively large overall volume of the distribution box. The surface area or thickness of the aluminum plate can be increased or decreased to meet the requirements of different charge / discharge rates.

[0063] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 It also includes a busbar 4; the busbar 4 is at least partially located within the accommodating cavity 11 and fixedly connected to the housing 1, and is connected to the component 3.

[0064] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 It also includes a circuit board 5; the circuit board 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the housing 1.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, busbar 4 is a copper busbar. Busbar 4 is fixedly connected to housing 1. One part of busbar 4 extends into housing cavity 11 and is fixedly connected to housing 1 by first bolt 71 and second bolt 72. Housing cavity 11 also limits and fixes busbar 4. The first bolt 71 is located in the third sub-housing cavity 14c where relay 33 is located. In addition, another busbar 4 is fixedly connected to another relay 33 by third bolt 73. Busbar 4 can be directly or indirectly connected to other components. Busbar 4 conducts current from components and absorbs heat generated by component 3. Circuit board 5 is fixedly connected to housing 1 and electrically connected to pre-charge resistor 34. Circuit board 5 is located on the other side of housing cavity 11, opposite to heat absorber 2.

[0066] Optionally, refer to Figures 1 to 3 The plurality of sub-receiving cavities 14 include a first sub-receiving cavity 14a, a second sub-receiving cavity 14b, a third sub-receiving cavity 14c, and a fourth sub-receiving cavity 14d; a shunt 31 is provided in the first sub-receiving cavity 14a, a fuse 32 is provided in the second sub-receiving cavity 14b, a relay 33 is provided in the third sub-receiving cavity 14c, and a pre-charging resistor 34 is provided in the fourth sub-receiving cavity 14d.

[0067] Specifically, different components are installed in different sub-cavities 14. One first sub-cavity 14a is equipped with a main positive shunt, another first sub-cavity 14a is equipped with a main negative shunt, a second sub-cavity 14b is equipped with a fuse 32, one third sub-cavity 14c is equipped with a main positive relay, another third sub-cavity 14c is equipped with a main negative relay, and a fourth sub-cavity 14d is equipped with a pre-charge resistor 34.

[0068] Optionally, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The pre-charge resistor 34 is electrically connected to the circuit board 5, the fuse 32 is electrically connected to the relay 33, and the relay 33 is electrically connected to the busbar 4.

[0069] Specifically, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pre-charge resistor 34 is plugged into the circuit board 5 to form an electrical connection. The fuse 32 is electrically connected to the relay 33, and the fuse 32 is indirectly connected to the busbar through the relay 33. The relay 33 is fixedly connected to the first hole 101 and the second hole 102 on the housing by bolts, and the fuse 32 is fixedly connected to the third hole 103 and the fourth hole 104 on the housing by bolts.

[0070] Optionally, refer to Figure 1It also includes a first cover plate 61; the first cover plate 61 is snap-fitted to the other side of the box body 1.

[0071] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first cover plate 61 is an insulating rubber cover plate, which is connected to the housing 1 by a snap-fit ​​method. The second cover plate 62 is disposed opposite to the first cover plate 61 and is also snap-fitted to the housing 1. That is, the circuit board 5 and the second cover plate 62 are connected to one side of the housing 1, and the first cover plate 61 is connected to the other side of the housing 1.

[0072] In some embodiments, the distribution box is assembled using the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: After forming the integrated structure of the housing 1 and the heat absorber 2, the shunt 31, fuse 32, relay 33 and pre-charge resistor 34 are respectively installed into their respective accommodating cavities 11, and the busbar 4 is fixed with bolts.

[0074] Step 2: Pour insulating thermally conductive adhesive into the accommodating cavity 11. After the insulating thermally conductive adhesive solidifies and stably adheres to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 11, the heat absorber 2 and the components 3, it plays a fixing role. At the same time, it can form an insulating isolation between the heat absorber 2 and the components 3, and can form a heat conduction path between the heat absorber 2 and the components 3.

[0075] This utility model embodiment also provides a battery pack, including the power distribution box described in any of the above embodiments, which can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the battery pack.

[0076] This utility model embodiment also provides an electrical device, including the distribution box or battery pack described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the electrical device is an electric vehicle or a battery swapping station.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0078] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distribution box, characterized in that, It includes a housing (1), a heat-absorbing component (2), and components (3); The housing (1) has a receiving cavity (11), the component (3) is disposed in the receiving cavity (11), and the heat-absorbing component (2) is embedded in the housing (1) and located on one side of the receiving cavity (11).

2. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) and the heat-absorbing component (2) form an integral injection molded part.

3. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) is provided with a partition (13) to divide the accommodating cavity (11) into multiple sub-accommodating cavities (14), and at least one of the sub-accommodating cavities (14) is provided with the component (3).

4. The distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing element (2) is provided on one side of at least one of the sub-accommodating cavities (14).

5. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes thermally conductive structures; The heat-conducting structure is disposed in the accommodating cavity (11) and is connected between the component (3) and the heat-absorbing element (2).

6. The distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally conductive structure is an insulating thermally conductive adhesive, which is poured into the accommodating cavity (11) and bonded to the component (3) and the heat-absorbing component (2).

7. The distribution box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thermally conductive structure is a thermally conductive pad, one side of which is in contact with the component (3) and the other side is in contact with the heat-absorbing component (2).

8. The distribution box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing element (2) is an aluminum plate or a copper plate.

9. The distribution box according to claim 8, characterized in that, The thickness of the heat-absorbing element (2) is t, where 1.5mm≤t≤2.5mm.

10. The distribution box according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes busbars (4); The busbar (4) is at least partially located within the accommodating cavity (11) and fixedly connected to the housing (1), and electrically connected to the component (3).

11. The distribution box according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes circuit board (5); The circuit board (5) is fixedly connected to one side of the housing (1).

12. The distribution box according to claim 11, characterized in that, The plurality of said sub-accommodating cavities (14) include a first sub-accommodating cavity (14a), a second sub-accommodating cavity (14b), a third sub-accommodating cavity (14c) and a fourth sub-accommodating cavity (14d); A shunt (31) is provided in the first sub-accommodating cavity (14a), a fuse (32) is provided in the second sub-accommodating cavity (14b), a relay (33) is provided in the third sub-accommodating cavity (14c), and a pre-charge resistor (34) is provided in the fourth sub-accommodating cavity (14d).

13. The distribution box according to claim 12, characterized in that, The pre-charge resistor (34) is electrically connected to the circuit board (5), the fuse (32) is electrically connected to the relay (33), and the relay (33) is electrically connected to the bus (4).

14. The distribution box according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a cover plate (6); The cover plate (6) is snapped together with the other side of the box body (1).

15. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the distribution box as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the distribution box as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 or the battery pack as described in claim 15.

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