Packaging structure of thin-film solar cell and thin-film solar cell

Abstract

The utility model relates to a packaging structure of a thin-film solar cell and the thin-film solar cell, the packaging structure of the thin-film solar cell comprises a first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate, the first light-transmitting plate, a cell structure body and the second light-transmitting plate are stacked, and the cell structure body is clamped between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate; the sealing part is arranged between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate in a sealing manner, and the sealing part is arranged on the periphery of the battery structure body in a surrounding manner so as to package the battery structure body; the junction box is connected with the first light-transmitting plate and / or the second light-transmitting plate, one end of the bus line is connected with the conductive layer, and the other end of the bus line penetrates through the sealing part to be connected into the junction box. According to the utility model, the technical problem of poor light transmission of the thin film photovoltaic cell is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solar cells, and more specifically to a packaging structure for a thin-film solar cell and a thin-film solar cell, particularly to a packaging structure for a perovskite solar cell and the cell itself. Background Technology

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation is an effective means to solve the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems. After decades of development, the types of cells have evolved from traditional monocrystalline silicon cells to various new types of solar cells, including inorganic semiconductor thin-film cells, organic semiconductor thin-film cells, dye-sensitized cells, and perovskite thin-film cells. Perovskite solar cells, developed based on dye-sensitized solar cells, have achieved a surge in photoelectric conversion efficiency in just a few years. Currently, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of perovskite modules can reach almost 20% or more, making them highly commercially valuable.

[0003] However, since the traditional thin-film photovoltaic cell encapsulation process is based on the process of crystalline silicon, thin-film cells have lost their advantage of good light transmittance. Meanwhile, after years of development, crystalline silicon has greatly reduced the cost of power generation to below one yuan. As a result, thin-film photovoltaic cells do not have corresponding advantages in terms of cost and practicality, making it difficult for thin-film photovoltaic cells to be further developed. Therefore, before the problem of power generation cost of thin-film photovoltaic cells is well solved, finding a new encapsulation method to improve the light transmittance of thin-film photovoltaic cells has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes a packaging structure for thin-film solar cells and a thin-film solar cell to overcome the defects of the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a packaging structure for thin-film solar cells and a thin-film solar cell, which not only reduces the number of packaging openings, but also allows both sides of the solar cell to serve as light-absorbing surfaces after packaging, thereby enhancing the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell and broadening the application scenarios of thin-film solar cells.

[0006] The objective of this utility model can be achieved by the following solutions:

[0007] This invention provides a packaging structure for a thin-film solar cell, used to encapsulate a battery structure body with a conductive layer. The packaging structure for the thin-film solar cell includes:

[0008] A first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate are stacked together, the first light-transmitting plate, the battery structure body and the second light-transmitting plate are sandwiched between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate;

[0009] The sealing portion is disposed between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate, and the sealing portion is arranged around the outer periphery of the battery structure body to encapsulate the battery structure body located between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate;

[0010] A junction box and a busbar, wherein the junction box is connected to the first light-transmitting plate and / or the second light-transmitting plate, one end of the busbar is connected to the conductive layer, and the other end of the busbar passes through the sealing part and enters the junction box.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the bus line includes a first bus line and a second bus line, and one end of the first bus line and one end of the second bus line are respectively connected to the two electrode terminals of the conductive layer.

[0012] The junction box includes a first junction box and a second junction box, with the other end of the first busbar and the other end of the second busbar respectively connected to the first junction box and the second junction box.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first bus line and the second bus line extend along the outer periphery of the battery structure body and cooperate to cover the outer periphery of the battery structure body, so as to respectively adapt to connect the first junction box and the second junction box at different positions;

[0014] The first busbar and the second busbar are spaced apart.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first busbar includes a first busbar body and a first extension section, one end of the first extension section is connected to the first busbar body, and the other end of the first extension section passes through the sealing part and is connected to the first junction box.

[0016] The angle between the first extension segment and the first busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second busbar includes a second busbar body and a second extension section, one end of the second extension section is connected to the second busbar body, and the other end of the second extension section passes through the sealing part and is connected to the second junction box;

[0018] The angle between the second extension section and the second busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first junction box is welded and fixed to the first extension section; and / or, the second junction box is welded and fixed to the second extension section.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the junction box includes a first fastening part, a second fastening part, and a connecting part. The first fastening part and the second fastening part are respectively connected to the connecting part. The first fastening part and the second fastening part are fastened to both sides of the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate, and the first fastening part is tightly fitted to the outer wall surface of the first light-transmitting plate, and the second fastening part is tightly fitted to the outer wall surface of the second light-transmitting plate.

[0021] Both the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate are transparent glass plates.

[0022] This invention provides a thin-film solar cell, the thin-film solar cell comprising:

[0023] The above-mentioned encapsulation structure of thin-film solar cells;

[0024] A battery structure body, wherein the battery structure body is encapsulated within the encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell;

[0025] The battery structure body includes a conductive layer, a first transmission layer, a light-absorbing layer, a second transmission layer, and a back electrode arranged in sequence. The light-absorbing layer is used to absorb light energy and generate electrons and holes. The first transmission layer is used to transmit electrons and block the transmission of holes. The conductive layer is used to receive electrons and output them to the outside. The second transmission layer is used to transmit holes and block the transmission of electrons. The back electrode is used to receive holes and output them to the outside.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first blocking layer is further provided between the conductive layer and the first transmission layer, the first blocking layer being used to transmit electrons and further block the transmission of holes.

[0027] And / or, a second blocking layer is further provided between the second transport layer and the back electrode, the second blocking layer being used to transport holes and further hinder the transport of electrons.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first passivation layer is further provided between the first transmission layer and the light-absorbing layer. The first passivation layer is used to ensure that the light-absorbing layer and the first transmission layer are in full contact, so as to improve the transmission capability of electrons.

[0029] And / or, a second passivation layer is further provided between the second transmission layer and the light-absorbing layer, the second passivation layer being used to ensure that the light-absorbing layer and the second transmission layer are in full contact, so as to improve the transmission capability for holes.

[0030] As described above, the encapsulation structure, features, and advantages of the thin-film solar cell of this invention are as follows:

[0031] The battery structure body is sandwiched between the first and second light-transmitting plates, and a sealing part is provided between the first and second light-transmitting plates and on the outer periphery of the battery structure body. The sealing part encapsulates the battery structure body located between the first and second light-transmitting plates. This encapsulation structure does not require additional openings, thus eliminating the impact of additional openings on the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell. Moreover, the first and second light-transmitting plates located on both sides of the battery structure body can both serve as light-absorbing surfaces, thereby enhancing the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell, broadening the application scenarios of thin-film solar cells, and making thin-film solar cells more applicable.

[0032] In addition, in this application, the junction box can be connected to the first light-transmitting plate and / or the second light-transmitting plate, and the conductive layer of the battery structure body can be connected to the junction box through the bus line, which can ensure stable external power output. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The following figures are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Wherein:

[0034] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thin-film solar cell of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 This is one of the front views of the thin-film solar cell of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 This is the second front view of the thin-film solar cell of this utility model.

[0037] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of this utility model are:

[0038] 1. Battery structure body; 101. Conductive layer;

[0039] 102. First barrier layer; 103. First transmission layer;

[0040] 104. First passivation layer; 105. Light-absorbing layer;

[0041] 106. Second passivation layer; 107. Second transport layer;

[0042] 108. Second barrier layer; 109. Back electrode;

[0043] 2. First light-transmitting panel; 3. Second light-transmitting panel;

[0044] 4. Sealing section; 5. First busbar;

[0045] 501. First extension section; 6. Second busbar;

[0046] 601. Second extension section; 7. First junction box;

[0047] 8. Second junction box; 9. First fastening part;

[0048] 10. Second fastening part; 11. Connecting part. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solution of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. After reading this utility model, any modifications of this utility model in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0050] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0052] Implementation Method 1

[0053] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this utility model provides a packaging structure for a thin-film solar cell. This packaging structure is used to encapsulate a battery structure body 1 having a conductive layer 101. The packaging structure of the thin-film solar cell includes a first light-transmitting plate 2, a second light-transmitting plate 3, a sealing part 4, a junction box, and a busbar. The first light-transmitting plate 2, the battery structure body 1, and the second light-transmitting plate 3 are stacked, and the battery structure body 1 is sandwiched between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. The sealing part 4 is sealed between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and the sealing part 4 is arranged around the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1. The sealing part 4 connects the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3 and encapsulates the battery structure body 1 located between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. The junction box is connected to the first light-transmitting plate 2 and / or the second light-transmitting plate 3. One end of the busbar is connected to the conductive layer 101, and the other end of the busbar passes through the sealing part 4 and enters the junction box.

[0054] This invention sandwiches the battery structure body 1 between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and seals the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1 between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. The sealing part 4 connects the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and encapsulates the battery structure body 1 located between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. This encapsulation structure eliminates the need for additional openings (as in the prior art where an encapsulation backplate is provided, openings are required on the encapsulation backplate for installation), thereby eliminating the impact of additional openings on the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell. Furthermore, the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3 located on both sides of the battery structure body 1 can both serve as light-absorbing surfaces, thus enhancing the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell, broadening its application scenarios, and making it more adaptable. In addition, in this application, the junction box can be connected to the first light-transmitting plate 2 and / or the second light-transmitting plate 3, and the conductive layer 101 of the battery structure body 1 can be connected to the junction box through the bus line, which can ensure stable external power output and ensure the stable operation of the thin-film solar cell.

[0055] In this invention, the sealing part 4 can be, but is not limited to, a sealing tape. The sealing tape is placed inside the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and a ring of sealing tape is formed around the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1. The sealing tape connects the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and also encapsulates the battery structure body 1, creating an environment that isolates it from external air between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. Of course, other structures (such as sealing rings) can also be used as the sealing part to seal the battery structure body 1 to the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, achieving the desired encapsulation effect.

[0056] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the busbars include a first busbar 5 and a second busbar 6, and the junction boxes include a first junction box 7 and a second junction box 8. One end of the first busbar 5 is connected to one electrode of the conductive layer 101, and the other end of the first busbar 5 is connected to the first junction box 7. One end of the second busbar 6 is connected to the other electrode of the conductive layer 101, and the other end of the second busbar 6 is connected to the second junction box 8. The first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 can be connected to external electrical equipment, thereby supplying power to the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 through the first busbar 5 and the second busbar 6, respectively.

[0057] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first bus 5 and the second bus 6 extend along the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1 and cover the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1, respectively, to adapt to and connect the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 at different locations, so as to meet the installation requirements of placing the first junction box 7 and / or the second junction box 8 in different locations. However, it is necessary to ensure that the first bus 5 and the second bus 6 are spaced apart, that is, the first bus 5 and the second bus 6 cannot be connected to each other to avoid short circuits.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first busbar 5 can be arranged in a "C" shape around the battery structure body 1 and cover half of the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1, and the second busbar 6 can be arranged in a "C" shape around the battery structure body 1 and cover the other half of the outer periphery of the battery structure body 1. The ends of the first busbar 5 and the second busbar 6 are not connected, thereby expanding the area that the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 can be installed in, meeting the installation requirements of the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 in various locations. For example... Figure 2 In this configuration, when the battery structure body 1 is rectangular, the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 can be respectively positioned opposite the two long sides of the battery structure body 1; of course, for example... Figure 3 In the case of a rectangular battery structure body 1, the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 can be respectively positioned opposite the two short sides of the battery structure body 1.

[0059] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the first busbar 5 includes a first busbar body (i.e., the "C"-shaped portion of the first busbar 5) and an externally connected first extension section 501. One end of the first extension section 501 is connected to the first busbar body, and the other end of the first extension section 501 passes through the sealing part 4 and connects to the first junction box 7, so as to facilitate the connection between the first busbar body and the first junction box 7. The angle between the first extension section 501 and the first busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°. In actual connection, the position of the first extension section 501 or the angle between the first extension section 501 and the first busbar body can be adjusted according to the actual position of the first junction box 7 to meet the connection requirements between the first busbar 5 and the first junction box 7.

[0060] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second busbar 6 includes a second busbar body (i.e., the "C"-shaped portion of the second busbar 6) and an externally connected second extension 601. One end of the second extension 601 is connected to the second busbar body, and the other end of the second extension 601 passes through the sealing part 4 and connects to the second junction box 8, facilitating the connection between the second busbar body and the second junction box 8. The angle between the second extension 601 and the second busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°. In actual connection, the position of the second extension 601 or the angle between the second extension 601 and the second busbar body can be adjusted according to the actual position of the second junction box 8 to meet the connection requirements between the second busbar 6 and the second junction box 8.

[0061] Furthermore, in this utility model, the length of the first extension segment 501 and / or the second extension segment 601 may be, but is not limited to, 0 to 20 cm (greater than 0 and less than or equal to 20 cm).

[0062] Furthermore, the first junction box 7 is welded and fixed to the first extension section 501; and / or, the second junction box 8 is welded and fixed to the second extension section 601. This welding method ensures a stable connection between the junction box and the busbar.

[0063] In one optional embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1As shown, the junction box includes a first fastening part 9, a second fastening part 10, and a connecting part 11. The first fastening part 9 and the second fastening part 10 are respectively connected to the connecting part 11, and the cross-section of the first fastening part 9, the second fastening part 10, and the connecting part 11 after being connected together is C-shaped. The first fastening part 9 and the second fastening part 10 are fastened to both sides of the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and the first fastening part 9 is tightly attached to the outer wall surface of the first light-transmitting plate 2, and the second fastening part 10 is tightly attached to the outer wall surface of the second light-transmitting plate 3, thereby ensuring that the junction box can be tightly connected to the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3. This fastening structure is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and facilitates the adjustment of the position of the junction box.

[0064] In this invention, the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3 can both be made of transparent glass, but are not limited to transparent glass plates.

[0065] The features and advantages of the encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell of this invention are as follows:

[0066] First, the encapsulation structure of this thin-film solar cell eliminates the need for additional openings, thus avoiding any impact on the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell caused by such openings. Furthermore, the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3 located on both sides of the cell structure body 1 can both serve as light-absorbing surfaces, thereby enhancing the light transmittance of the thin-film solar cell, broadening its application scenarios, and making it more versatile.

[0067] 2. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell connects the junction box to the first light-transmitting plate 2 and / or the second light-transmitting plate 3, and connects the conductive layer 101 of the cell structure body 1 to the junction box through the bus line, which can ensure stable external power output and stable operation of the thin-film solar cell.

[0068] Implementation Method 2

[0069] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a thin-film solar cell, which includes the aforementioned encapsulation structure and a battery structure body 1. The battery structure body 1 is encapsulated within the encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell. The battery structure body 1 includes a conductive layer 101, a first transport layer 103, a light-absorbing layer 105, a second transport layer 107, and a back electrode 109, sequentially stacked. The light-absorbing layer 105 absorbs light energy and generates electrons and holes. The first transport layer 103 transports electrons and blocks the transport of holes. The conductive layer 101 receives electrons and outputs them externally. The second transport layer 107 transports holes and blocks the transport of electrons. The back electrode 109 receives holes and outputs them externally.

[0070] Furthermore, such as Figure 1As shown, a first blocking layer 102 is also provided between the conductive layer 101 and the first transport layer 103. The first blocking layer 102 is used to transport electrons and further block the transport of holes. Of course, a second blocking layer 108 is also provided between the second transport layer 107 and the back electrode 109. The second blocking layer 108 is used to transport holes and further block the transport of electrons.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, a first passivation layer 104 is also provided between the first transmission layer 103 and the light-absorbing layer 105. The first passivation layer 104 enables the light-absorbing layer 105 to fully contact the first transmission layer 103, thereby improving the electron transmission capability. Of course, a second passivation layer 106 can also be provided between the second transmission layer 107 and the light-absorbing layer 105. The second passivation layer 106 enables the light-absorbing layer 105 to fully contact the second transmission layer 107, thereby improving the hole transmission capability.

[0072] The total thickness of the battery structure body 1 of this utility model (i.e., the sum of the thicknesses of the conductive layer 101, the first barrier layer 102, the first transport layer 103, the first passivation layer 104, the light-absorbing layer 105, the second passivation layer 106, the second transport layer 107, the second barrier layer 108 and the back electrode 109) is 1 nm to 100,000 nm (i.e., greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than or equal to 100,000 nm).

[0073] In this invention, both the conductive layer 101 and the back electrode 109 can be made of materials such as, but not limited to, transparent conductive oxides, silver nanowires, ultrathin metal sheets, or graphene. The transparent conductive oxide can be, but is not limited to, TCO (transparent conductive oxide film), FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide film), ITO (n-type semiconductor film), ICO (indium tin oxide film), or IWO (tungsten-doped indium oxide film). Of course, the materials used for the conductive layer 101 and the back electrode 109 can also be those used in the conductive layers of existing solar cells; this invention does not limit the specific materials used to fabricate the conductive layer 101 and the back electrode 109.

[0074] In this invention, the first transport layer 103 can be made of either an inorganic or an organic electron transport material. The inorganic electron transport material can be, but is not limited to, TiO2, ZnO, or SnO2, while the organic electron transport material can be, but is not limited to, C. 60 Alternatively, PCBM. Of course, the material used for the first transport layer 103 can also be the material corresponding to the layer structure used for electron transport in existing solar cells. In this invention, the specific material used to make the electron transport layer is not limited.

[0075] In this invention, the second transport layer 107 can be made of an inorganic hole transport material or an organic electron-hole transport material. The inorganic hole transport material can be, but is not limited to, NiO, Cu2O, or MoO3, while the organic hole transport material can be, but is not limited to, piro-OMeTAD, P3HT, PEDOT:PSS, or PTAA. Of course, the material used for the second transport layer 107 can also be the material corresponding to the layer structure used for hole transport in existing solar cells; this invention does not limit the specific material used to fabricate the hole transport layer.

[0076] In this invention, the light-absorbing layer 105 is a perovskite light-absorbing layer. The structural formula of the material used in the perovskite light-absorbing layer can be ABX3, where A can be, but is not limited to, FA. + MA + Cs + One or more combinations of ions, where B can be, but is not limited to, Pb. 2+ Sn 2+ One or more combinations of ions, where X can be, but is not limited to, I. - Cl - ,Br - One or more combinations of ions.

[0077] In this invention, since the first barrier layer 102 and the first transport layer 103 have the same function, the first barrier layer 102 and the first transport layer 103 can be made of the same material, that is, the first barrier layer 102 can also be made of TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, or C. 60 Or one of the PCBMs. In TiO2, ZnO, SnO2, C 60 In a PCBM, the first barrier layer 102 and the first transmission layer 103 can be made of the same material or two different materials.

[0078] In this invention, since the second barrier layer 108 and the second transport layer 107 serve the same function, they can be made of the same material. Specifically, the second barrier layer 108 can be made of one of NiO, Cu2O, MoO3, piro-OMeTAD, P3HT, PEDOT:PSS, or PTAA. Among NiO, Cu2O, MoO3, piro-OMeTAD, P3HT, PEDOT:PSS, and PTAA, the second barrier layer 108 and the second transport layer 107 can be made of the same material simultaneously, or they can be made of two different materials.

[0079] In this invention, the first passivation layer 104 and the second passivation layer 106 can be made of, but are not limited to, aluminum oxide or silicon hydride. The presence of the first passivation layer 104 and the second passivation layer 106 not only prevents the recombination of electrons and holes, but also extends the survival time of charge carriers (electrons and holes) in the thin-film solar cell. By providing the first passivation layer 104 and the second passivation layer 106, the surface state density of the light-absorbing layer 105 can be reduced, reducing surface defects that can serve as recombination centers, allowing the light-absorbing layer 105 to have more sufficient contact with the first transport layer 103 and the second transport layer 107, thereby improving the transport capability for charge carriers.

[0080] In an optional embodiment of this invention, an insulating region P1 (not shown) can be formed on the conductive layer 101, dividing the conductive layer 101 into two adjacent regions. Electrical terminals can then be formed in each of these two regions, allowing the first bus 5 and the second bus 6 to connect to the two electrical terminals of the conductive layer 101, respectively. The width of the insulating region P1 is 50μm-400μm, and the insulating region P1 can be filled by extending the first transmission layer 103.

[0081] Furthermore, a connection region P2 (not shown) is provided on one side of the insulating region P1 and between the two regions of the conductive layer 101. This connection region P2 penetrates the first transport layer 103, the first passivation layer 104, the light-absorbing layer 105, the second passivation layer 106, and the second transport layer 107 in the thickness direction of the battery structure body 1. The back electrode 109 extends outward and fills the connection region P2. The width of the connection region P2 is also 50μm-400μm.

[0082] Furthermore, a partition area P3 (not shown) is provided on one side of the connection area P2. The partition area P3 penetrates the first barrier layer 102, the first transmission layer 103, the first passivation layer 104, the light-absorbing layer 105, the second passivation layer 106, the second transmission layer 107, the second barrier layer 108 and the back electrode 109 in the thickness direction of the battery structure body 1, so that the conductive layer 101 can be exposed through the connection area P2.

[0083] The aforementioned provision of an insulating region P1, a connecting region P2, and a partition region P3 on the battery structure body 1 in this utility model is existing technology. For specific molding processes and structures, please refer to Chinese Patent No. 202010956503.1, entitled "A 2-T Perovskite Tandem Solar Cell Module and Its Preparation Method" (Application No. 201710096009.0), or Chinese Patent No. 201710096009.0. This utility model will not provide a detailed description of the structure and molding process of the insulating region P1, the connecting region P2, and the partition region P3.

[0084] The fabrication steps of the thin-film solar cell of this invention are as follows:

[0085] Step S1: Use a laser to cut the glass substrate containing the conductive layer 101 into several areas of equal area, i.e., the process of forming the insulating area P1.

[0086] In step S1, after the insulation area P1 process is completed, the conductive layer 101 can be cleaned by ultrasonic cleaning with cleaning agent and pure water. Then, the materials of the first barrier layer 102, the first transport layer 103 and the first passivation layer 104 are deposited onto the conductive layer 101 by magnetron sputtering process.

[0087] Step S2: The light-absorbing layer 105, the second passivation layer 106, the second transmission layer 107, and the second barrier layer 108 are sequentially deposited on the first passivation layer 104 using a vacuum evaporation process.

[0088] Step S3: Use a laser to etch each completed layer, i.e., the etching process of forming the connection area P2;

[0089] In step S3, after the etching process of the connection area P2 is completed, the back electrode 109 is deposited onto the second barrier layer 108 by magnetron sputtering. After being removed, the isolation area P3 is etched and cleaned by laser.

[0090] Step S4: After step S3 is completed, the first bus 5 and the second bus 6 are set in the preset position and connected to the two electrical terminals of the conductive layer 101 respectively. The first light-transmitting plate 2 and / or the second light-transmitting plate 3 are covered. Then, the battery structure body 1 is sealed with sealing tape between the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, which is the sealing process.

[0091] Step S5: The first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 are directly clamped onto the first light-transmitting plate 2 and the second light-transmitting plate 3, and the first extension section 501 of the first bus line 5 and the second extension section 601 of the second bus line 6 are welded and fixed to the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 respectively using a hot welding gun.

[0092] Step S6: Fill the first junction box 7 and the second junction box 8 with sealant to complete the fabrication of the thin-film solar cell.

[0093] The thin-film solar cell of this invention has the same features and advantages as the aforementioned thin-film solar cell encapsulation structure, which will not be repeated here.

[0094] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects; there is no order between them, nor should they be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0095] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0096] The above are merely several embodiments of this utility model. Although the embodiments disclosed in this utility model are as described above, the content is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of this utility model and is not intended to limit this utility model. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principles of this utility model should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A packaging structure for a thin-film solar cell, used to encapsulate a battery structure body having a conductive layer, characterized in that, The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell includes: A first light-transmitting plate and a second light-transmitting plate are stacked together, the first light-transmitting plate, the battery structure body and the second light-transmitting plate are sandwiched between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate; A sealing portion is provided between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate, and the sealing portion is arranged around the outer periphery of the battery structure body to encapsulate the battery structure body located between the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate; A junction box and a busbar, wherein the junction box is connected to the first light-transmitting plate and / or the second light-transmitting plate, one end of the busbar is connected to the conductive layer, and the other end of the busbar passes through the sealing part and enters the junction box.

2. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar includes a first busbar and a second busbar, with one end of the first busbar and one end of the second busbar respectively connected to the two electrodes of the conductive layer; The junction box includes a first junction box and a second junction box, with the other end of the first busbar and the other end of the second busbar respectively connected to the first junction box and the second junction box.

3. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first bus and the second bus extend along the outer periphery of the battery structure body and cooperate to cover the outer periphery of the battery structure body, so as to respectively adapt to connect the first junction box and the second junction box at different positions; The first busbar and the second busbar are spaced apart.

4. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first busbar includes a first busbar body and a first extension section. One end of the first extension section is connected to the first busbar body, and the other end of the first extension section passes through the sealing part and enters the first junction box. The angle between the first extension segment and the first busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

5. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The second busbar includes a second busbar body and a second extension section. One end of the second extension section is connected to the second busbar body, and the other end of the second extension section passes through the sealing part and enters the second junction box. The angle between the second extension section and the second busbar body is greater than 0° and less than 180°.

6. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first junction box is welded and fixed to the first extension section; and / or, the second junction box is welded and fixed to the second extension section.

7. The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The junction box includes a first fastening part, a second fastening part, and a connecting part. The first fastening part and the second fastening part are respectively connected to the connecting part. The first fastening part and the second fastening part are fastened to both sides of the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate. The first fastening part is tightly attached to the outer wall surface of the first light-transmitting plate, and the second fastening part is tightly attached to the outer wall surface of the second light-transmitting plate. Both the first light-transmitting plate and the second light-transmitting plate are transparent glass plates.

8. A thin-film solar cell, characterized in that, The thin-film solar cell includes: The encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 7; A battery structure body, wherein the battery structure body is encapsulated within the encapsulation structure of the thin-film solar cell; The battery structure body includes a conductive layer, a first transmission layer, a light-absorbing layer, a second transmission layer, and a back electrode arranged in sequence. The light-absorbing layer is used to absorb light energy and generate electrons and holes. The first transmission layer is used to transmit electrons and block the transmission of holes. The conductive layer is used to receive electrons and output them to the outside. The second transmission layer is used to transmit holes and block the transmission of electrons. The back electrode is used to receive holes and output them to the outside.

9. The thin-film solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, A first blocking layer is further disposed between the conductive layer and the first transport layer. The first blocking layer is used to transport electrons and further block the transport of holes. And / or, a second blocking layer is further provided between the second transport layer and the back electrode, the second blocking layer being used to transport holes and further hinder the transport of electrons.

10. The thin-film solar cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, A first passivation layer is further provided between the first transmission layer and the light-absorbing layer. The first passivation layer is used to ensure that the light-absorbing layer and the first transmission layer are in full contact, so as to improve the transmission capability of electrons. And / or, a second passivation layer is further provided between the second transmission layer and the light-absorbing layer, the second passivation layer being used to ensure that the light-absorbing layer and the second transmission layer are in full contact, so as to improve the transmission capability for holes.

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