Photocatalytic hydrogen production device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photocatalytic hydrogen production, and provides a photocatalytic hydrogen production device which comprises a reaction cavity and a light energy frequency divider, the reaction cavity comprises a photocatalytic anode, an ion exchange membrane and a thermocatalytic cathode which are arranged in sequence, and the photocatalytic anode is electrically connected with the thermocatalytic cathode; the optical energy frequency divider comprises a first frequency divider and a second frequency divider; wherein the first frequency divider is used for dividing the frequency of sunlight into ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light, and introducing the ultraviolet light into the photocatalytic anode; and the second frequency divider is arranged on the light path of the non-ultraviolet light and is used for introducing the non-ultraviolet light into the thermocatalytic cathode. According to the hydrogen production device disclosed by the utility model, the light energy frequency divider is arranged to carry out frequency division on sunlight to obtain the ultraviolet light and the non-ultraviolet light, the ultraviolet light is introduced into the photocatalytic anode in the reaction cavity, and the non-ultraviolet light is introduced into the thermocatalytic cathode in the reaction cavity, so that the full spectrum of solar energy can be effectively utilized, the hydrogen production equipment is few, the integration degree is high, and the production cost is low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photocatalytic hydrogen production, specifically relates to a photocatalytic hydrogen production device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasingly serious pollution of people's living environment, clean energy becomes an important research direction. At present, using solar energy to decompose water to produce hydrogen has become a topic that scholars at home and abroad compete to study. In the existing solar water decomposition hydrogen production technology, generally, high-energy ultraviolet light is used for photocatalysis or electrocatalysis, which cannot efficiently utilize the full spectrum of solar energy, and the energy conversion efficiency is low.

[0003] In view of the above problems, some solutions are currently provided. For example, patent CN115744819A discloses a solar frequency division photocatalysis, photovoltaic photothermal and electrocatalysis multi-production hydrogen production system, which selects a frequency divider to divide the sunlight before hydrogen production, so that the sunlight can be fully utilized in the subsequent photothermal conversion, photocatalysis and other processes. For example, patent CN118109840A discloses a full-spectrum solar energy combined hydrogen production system and its solar concentrator, which divides the light energy frequency divider into three parts by a solar light concentrating and splitting subsystem, directly generates hydrogen, electrolyzes water to produce hydrogen, and catalyzes methanol to produce hydrogen. However, the above-mentioned solutions are not integrated photocatalytic hydrogen production, and there are problems of using more equipment, low integration, large overall volume of equipment and high cost of hydrogen production.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a technical solution to solve the above problems. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] One of the purposes of the utility model is to solve the problem of the current photocatalytic hydrogen production equipment not being integrated photocatalytic hydrogen production, and the problem of using more equipment, low integration and high cost of hydrogen production.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A photocatalytic hydrogen production device, comprising:

[0008] The reaction cavity comprises a photocatalytic anode, an ion exchange membrane and a thermal catalytic cathode arranged in sequence, and the photocatalytic anode and the thermal catalytic cathode are electrically connected.

[0009] The light energy frequency divider comprises a first frequency divider and a second frequency divider.

[0010] The first frequency divider is used to divide the incident light into ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light, and introduce the ultraviolet light into the photocatalytic anode; the second frequency divider is arranged on the light path of the non-ultraviolet light, and is used to introduce the non-ultraviolet light into the thermal catalytic cathode.

[0011] Preferably, the first frequency divider is arranged close to the photocatalytic anode; the second frequency divider comprises a first reflector, a second reflector and a third reflector arranged in sequence along the light path of the non-ultraviolet light, wherein the third reflector is arranged close to the thermal catalytic cathode and used to introduce the non-ultraviolet light into the thermal catalytic cathode.

[0012] Preferably, the first frequency divider is a dichroic mirror, and the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector are all full reflection mirror pieces.

[0013] Preferably, the ion exchange membrane divides the reaction cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber, the photocatalytic anode is arranged in the first chamber, and the thermal catalytic cathode is arranged in the second chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the device further comprises a gas collection chamber in communication with the second chamber and used to collect hydrogen.

[0015] Preferably, the thermal catalytic cathode comprises a catalytic layer and a conductive layer, and the catalytic layer is arranged on at least one surface of the conductive layer.

[0016] Preferably, the thermal catalytic cathode further comprises a gas diffusion layer arranged on a side of the catalytic layer away from the conductive layer.

[0017] Preferably, the catalytic layer is coated on the surface of the conductive layer.

[0018] Preferably, an outer surface of the thermal catalytic cathode is further provided with a temperature-responsive catalyst.

[0019] Preferably, the photocatalytic anode is a fixed array photocatalytic anode.

[0020] Preferably, the cavity on the side of the reaction cavity into which ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity, and the cavity on the side of the reaction cavity into which non-ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity or a heat-conducting cavity.

[0021] The hydrogen production device has the advantages that: the incident light is divided into ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light by the light energy frequency divider, the ultraviolet light is introduced into the photocatalytic anode in the reaction cavity, and the non-ultraviolet light is introduced into the thermal catalytic cathode in the reaction cavity, so that the full spectrum of solar energy can be effectively utilized, the hydrogen production equipment is less, the integration degree is high, and the production cost is low. Compared with the current hydrogen production device, the non-ultraviolet light is collected for other energy processing, the device is an integrated photocatalytic hydrogen production device, the solar energy is used as the only hydrogen production energy, and the combination of light catalysis and thermal catalysis is realized through one set of electrolysis reaction cavity, the light catalysis is mainly used, the thermal catalysis is auxiliary, the hydrogen production efficiency is effectively improved, the shortcomings of the traditional photocatalysis limited by multiple factors are made up, and the stability of the device is higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Fig. 1The utility model discloses a hydrogen production device's structure schematic view.

[0023] Fig. 2 The utility model discloses a reaction cavity's explosion view.

[0024] Fig. 3 The utility model discloses a thermal catalytic cathode's structure schematic view no.

[0025] Fig. 4 The utility model discloses a thermal catalytic cathode's structure schematic view no.

[0026] Fig. 5 The utility model discloses a thermal catalytic cathode's structure schematic view no.

[0027] Fig. 6 The utility model discloses a light energy frequency divider's structure schematic view.

[0028] In the drawing: 1-reaction cavity;11-first chamber;111-first shell;112-first glass plate;12-second chamber;121-second shell;122-second glass plate;13-photocatalytic anode;14-ion exchange membrane;15-thermal catalytic cathode;151-catalytic layer;152-gas diffusion layer;153-conductive layer;21-first frequency divider;22-second frequency divider;221-first reflector;222-second reflector;223-third reflector;3-gas collection chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical scheme and the advantage of the utility model more clear, the following will combine specific embodiment and the drawing of specification, and make further detailed description to the utility model and its beneficial effect, but the embodiment of the utility model is not limited to this.

[0030] In the description of the utility model, need understanding, the term "first", "second" is only used for the purpose of description, and can not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or the quantity of the indicated technical feature is impliedly indicated. Therefore, the feature with "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless there is explicit specific limitation.

[0031] In the description of the utility model, unless another explicit provision and limitation, the term "installation", "connection", "connect", "fix" should be broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or integration;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be directly connected, also can be indirectly connected through the intermediate medium, can be two elements inside the communication or two element's interaction relationship. For ordinary skilled person in the art, the above-mentioned term can be understood according to the specific meaning of the utility model.

[0032] The standard parts used in the utility model can be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be ordered according to the description and the drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional means such as bolt, rivet and welding in the prior art, and the mechanical, parts and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection mode in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0033] The utility model provides a kind of photocatalytic hydrogen production device, as shown in Figs. 1-2 Figure, including reaction cavity 1 and light energy frequency divider;Reaction cavity 1 includes photo-catalytic anode 13, ion exchange membrane 14, thermal catalytic cathode 15 arranged in sequence, photo-catalytic anode 13 and thermal catalytic cathode 15 are electrically connected;Light energy frequency divider includes first frequency divider 21 and second frequency divider 22;Wherein, first frequency divider 21 is used to divide frequency as ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light for sunlight, and ultraviolet light is introduced into photo-catalytic anode 13;Second frequency divider 22 is arranged on the light path of non-ultraviolet light, for introducing non-ultraviolet light into thermal catalytic cathode 15.

[0034] Wherein, incident light can be sunlight or light source provided by PLS-SXE300+xenon lamp.The "ultraviolet light" of the utility model refers to the short wave between 200~394nm, and "non-ultraviolet light" refers to the long wave between 395~1100nm.Of course, according to the catalyst used in photo-catalytic anode, the wavelength range of short wave can also be adjusted.

[0035] The hydrogen production device of the utility model, on the one hand, introduces ultraviolet light of sunlight into photo-catalytic anode 13 to carry out photocatalytic reaction, so that water is photocatalyzed into O2 and H + , and loses e - , wherein oxygen can be directly discharged or recovered, and H + Diffuses to thermal catalytic cathode 15 as cathode reactant through ion exchange membrane 14, e - Enters thermal catalytic cathode 15 through wire, H +In the thermal catalytic cathode 15 is reduced to H2; on the other hand, the non-ultraviolet light is introduced into the thermal catalytic cathode 15 through the light energy frequency divider, so that the temperature of the thermal catalytic cathode 15 is increased, the catalytic efficiency is accelerated, and the hydrogen production is accelerated. The full spectrum of solar energy is used in the device, the utilization rate of solar energy is high, there is no other redundant combination device, the hydrogen production efficiency is high, the stability of the device is better, and the production cost of hydrogen production is lower.

[0036] The material of the photocatalytic anode 13 can be a semiconductor material capable of absorbing ultraviolet light, such as bismuth vanadate. The band gap of bismuth vanadate enables it to absorb energy in the ultraviolet range, so that water is photocatalytically converted into oxygen and H + , and loses e - . Of course, other semiconductor materials capable of absorbing ultraviolet light can also be used, which will not be described here.

[0037] In some embodiments, the photocatalytic anode 13 can be a fixed array photocatalytic anode 13. Compared with the prior art water decomposition hydrogen production reactor which only applies to a catalyst suspension system and cannot apply to a catalyst fixed array system, the photocatalytic anode 13 of the device can be a fixed array photocatalytic anode 13. This structure is more conducive to product separation in actual production application, the catalyst is easy to recover, and the non-reuse and difficulty of recovery caused by the suspension catalyst system are reduced.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 3 , the thermal catalytic cathode 15 includes a catalytic layer 151 and a conductive layer 153, and the catalytic layer 151 is arranged on at least one surface of the conductive layer 153.

[0039] Preferably, the catalytic layer 151 is coated on the surface of the conductive layer 153.

[0040] Specifically, the structure of the thermal catalytic cathode 15 includes but is not limited to the following ways: 1. The conductive layer 153 and the catalytic layer 151 arranged on one surface of the conductive layer 153; 2. The conductive layer 153 and the catalytic layer 151 arranged on both surfaces of the conductive layer 153; 3. The conductive layer 153 and the catalytic layer 151 coated on the surface of the conductive layer 153.

[0041] The conductive layer 153 is used for transmitting electrons, and the lead wire led out from the photocatalytic anode 13 is electrically connected with the conductive layer 153.

[0042] The catalytic layer 151 is a porous photo-thermal material catalytic layer 151, and the porous structure has a large specific surface area and abundant active sites, which can effectively improve the efficiency of water decomposition hydrogen production. The catalytic layer 151 is coated on the surface of the conductive layer 153, which can increase the reaction of H + and e -The reaction is carried out to further improve the hydrogen production efficiency; on the other hand, the catalytic layer 151 can play a supporting role to make the cathode have sufficient mechanical strength and stability, and can maintain the shape and structure of the conductive layer 153, resist external pressure and deformation, and ensure that the conductive layer 153 will not be deformed or damaged during use, thereby ensuring the stability of the hydrogen production of the cathode.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the thermal catalytic cathode 15 further comprises a gas diffusion layer 152, which is arranged on the side of the catalytic layer 151 away from the conductive layer 153. Figs. 4-5

[0044] The gas diffusion layer 152 can be a porous membrane material for gas phase mass transfer, liquid phase mass transfer or electron transfer. On the one hand, when the thermal catalytic cathode 15 is subjected to thermal catalysis, the increase in temperature promotes the increase in surface molecular activity of the substances in the gas diffusion layer 152, accelerates the collision frequency between the reactants H + and e - , so that the reaction rate of thermal catalysis is greatly improved; on the other hand, the gas diffusion layer 152 can also effectively diffuse the generated gas and timely transfer the diffusion product hydrogen, thereby promoting the reaction equilibrium and further improving the reaction efficiency.

[0045] Specifically, the structure of the thermal catalytic cathode 15 includes but is not limited to the following ways: 1, the conductive layer 153, the catalytic layer 151 and the gas diffusion layer 152 arranged in sequence; 2, the gas diffusion layer 152, the catalytic layer 151, the conductive layer 153, the catalytic layer 151 and the gas diffusion layer 152 arranged in sequence; 3, the conductive layer 153, the catalytic layer 151 coated on the surface of the conductive layer 153, and the gas diffusion layer 152 arranged on at least one side of the catalytic layer 151.

[0046] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the thermal catalytic cathode 15 is further provided with a temperature-responsive catalyst. When the thermal catalytic cathode 15 does not contain a gas diffusion layer 152, the temperature-responsive catalyst is sprayed on the outer surface of the catalytic layer 151; when the thermal catalytic cathode 15 contains a gas diffusion layer 152, the temperature-responsive catalyst is sprayed on the outer surface of the gas diffusion layer 152. By arranging the temperature-responsive catalyst, when non-ultraviolet light is introduced into the thermal catalytic cathode 15, the temperature rise on the side of the thermal catalytic cathode 15 can be accelerated, thereby further accelerating the catalytic efficiency and accelerating the hydrogen production. Specifically, the temperature-responsive catalyst includes but is not limited to at least one of Fe-Ni-S, Ni-MoO2, and MoS2.

[0047] ​The ion exchange membrane 14 can divide the reaction cavity 1 into a first cavity 11 and a second cavity 12. The photocatalytic anode 13 is arranged in the first cavity 11, and the thermal catalytic cathode 15 is arranged in the second cavity 12. According to the working principle of different electrodes, the cavity is divided to match the same side electrode, so as to realize the catalytic efficiency of photocatalysis and thermal catalysis. The oxygen generated in the first cavity 11 and the hydrogen generated in the second cavity 12 can be effectively separated, which is more conducive to the collection of subsequent products.

[0048] In some embodiments, the cavity on the side of the reaction cavity 1 where the ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity, and the cavity on the side where the non-ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity or a heat-conducting cavity. That is, the first cavity 11 is made of light-transmitting material on the side where the ultraviolet light is introduced, so as to facilitate the effective introduction of ultraviolet light. Specifically, the side can be the first shell 111 and the first glass plate 112 embedded in the first shell 111. The second cavity 12 is made of light-transmitting material or heat-conducting material on the side where the non-ultraviolet light is introduced, which is more conducive to heating the thermal catalytic cathode 15 and accelerating the catalytic efficiency. Specifically, the side can be the second shell 121 and the second glass plate 122 embedded in the second shell 121.

[0049] In addition, the device also includes a gas collection chamber 3 which communicates with the second cavity 12, and the hydrogen generated by the thermal catalytic cathode 15 can be effectively collected and stored through the gas collection chamber 3. When the gas collection chamber 3 is arranged parallel to the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12, in order to ensure the introduction of non-ultraviolet light, the second shell 121 and the second glass plate 122 are directly used as the shell of the gas collection chamber 3. The heated gas collection chamber 3 is also more conducive to the collection of hydrogen. If the gas collection chamber 3 is staggered with the first cavity 11 and arranged on the other side of the second cavity 12, the non-ultraviolet light does not pass through the gas collection chamber 3 before entering the second cavity 12, then the gas collection chamber 3 can be made of other conventional materials, which does not require light-transmitting or heat-conducting properties.

[0050] For the light energy frequency divider, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 The first frequency divider 21 is arranged close to the photocatalytic anode 13; the second frequency divider 22 includes a first reflector 221, a second reflector 222 and a third reflector 223 arranged in sequence along the light path of the non-ultraviolet light, wherein the third reflector 223 is arranged close to the thermal catalytic cathode 15, and is used for introducing the non-ultraviolet light into the thermal catalytic cathode 15.

[0051] Specifically, taking the reaction cavity 1 as the reference, the first frequency divider 21 and the first reflector 221 are arranged on one side of the reaction cavity 1, and the second reflector 222 and the third reflector 223 are arranged on the other side of the reaction cavity 1. After the sunlight enters the first frequency divider 21, the light path is divided into ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light is introduced into the photocatalytic anode 13, and the non-ultraviolet light is reflected to the second reflector 222 through the first reflector 221, and then reflected to the third reflector 223 through the second reflector 222, and finally introduced into the thermal catalytic cathode 15 through the third reflector 223.

[0052] More specifically, the first frequency divider 21 can be a dichroic mirror, and the first reflector 221, the second reflector 222 and the third reflector 223 are all full reflection mirror pieces. The wavelength range of the dichroic mirror is about 390nm, which can effectively divide the incident light into two light paths. One is the ultraviolet light segment, which is introduced into the photocatalytic anode 13 after being reflected by the dichroic mirror. The other is the non-ultraviolet light segment, which is introduced into the thermal catalytic cathode 15 after being reflected by the second frequency divider 22.

[0053] The hydrogen production device does not add additional heat collecting equipment to collect and reuse non-ultraviolet light, but changes the light path to guide the non-ultraviolet light to the thermal catalytic cathode. This not only effectively improves the utilization rate of the full spectrum of solar energy, but also greatly improves the hydrogen production efficiency and the stability of the entire hydrogen production device.

[0054] According to the disclosure and teaching of the above description, those skilled in the art of the present application can also make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and any obvious improvements, replacements or modifications made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present application all belong to the protection scope of the present application. In addition, although some specific terms are used in the present application, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A photocatalytic hydrogen generation device, characterized by comprising: The application relates to a photocatalytic cell for producing hydrogen, which comprises: a reaction cavity comprising a photocatalytic anode, an ion exchange membrane and a thermal catalytic cathode arranged in sequence, the photocatalytic anode and the thermal catalytic cathode being electrically connected; a light energy frequency divider comprising a first frequency divider and a second frequency divider; the first frequency divider is used for dividing incident light into ultraviolet light and non-ultraviolet light and introducing the ultraviolet light into the photocatalytic anode; the second frequency divider is arranged on the light path of the non-ultraviolet light and is used for introducing the non-ultraviolet light into the thermal catalytic cathode.

2. The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 1, characterized by The first frequency divider is arranged close to the photocatalytic anode; the second frequency divider comprises a first reflector, a second reflector and a third reflector arranged in sequence along the light path of the non-ultraviolet light, wherein the third reflector is arranged close to the thermal catalytic cathode and is used for introducing the non-ultraviolet light into the thermal catalytic cathode. 3.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first frequency divider is a dichroic mirror, and the first reflector, the second reflector and the third reflector are all total reflection mirror pieces. 4.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ion exchange membrane divides the reaction cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber, the photocatalytic anode is arranged in the first chamber, and the thermal catalytic cathode is arranged in the second chamber.

5. The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 4, wherein The application further comprises a gas collecting chamber which is in communication with the second chamber and is used for collecting hydrogen. 6.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal catalytic cathode comprises a catalytic layer and a conductive layer, and the catalytic layer is arranged on at least one surface of the conductive layer. 7.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The thermal catalytic cathode further comprises a gas diffusion layer which is arranged on the side of the catalytic layer away from the conductive layer. 8.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The catalytic layer is coated on the surface of the conductive layer. 9.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the thermal catalytic cathode is further provided with a temperature-responsive catalyst. 10.The photocatalytic hydrogen generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photocatalytic anode is a fixed array photocatalytic anode; the cavity on the side of the reaction cavity into which the ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity, and the cavity on the side of the reaction cavity into which the non-ultraviolet light is introduced is a light-transmitting cavity or a heat-conducting cavity.

Images