Disposable end face hob reamer
By designing a combination of internal and external roller cutter groups for shearing and crushing, and a mud adsorption device, the problem of low hole enlargement efficiency in horizontal directional drilling was solved, achieving efficient and stable one-time hole enlargement, and reducing construction costs and risks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520863887.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, horizontal directional drilling has low hole reaming efficiency, requiring multiple replacements of the reamer, resulting in low construction efficiency and easy collapse or trajectory deviation of the hole wall. Furthermore, there is a lack of disposable large-diameter hole reamers that can be matched with high-power drive devices.
A disposable end-face roller cutter hole expander is designed, which uses two rows of inner and outer roller cutters to work together to shear and crush the hole, combined with a mud adsorption device, to achieve hole expansion in one go, thereby reducing construction costs and risks.
It improves borehole enlargement efficiency, reduces construction cycle and cost, reduces mud loss, and enhances the stability and safety of the borehole enlargement process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223908154U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of horizontal directional drilling, in particular to a disposable end face hob reamer. BACKGROUND
[0002] In horizontal directional drilling construction, reaming is one of the key processes, which is usually used to enlarge the guide hole to adapt to the pipeline back dragging. The traditional reaming method mostly adopts single-stage or step-by-step reamer, which needs to replace the reamer of different sizes for many times, resulting in low construction efficiency, prolonged construction period, and easy hole wall collapse or trajectory deviation caused by multiple entry and exit of the hole. With the rapid development of the new energy market, a driving device capable of providing high power outdoors has appeared at the present stage, but there is still no disposable reaming device that can match it and meet the large hole diameter. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a disposable end face hob reamer at present. SUMMARY
[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a disposable end face hob reamer, which optimizes the tool layout method, significantly improves the construction efficiency and reduces the risk of the hole.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes and other related purposes, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
[0005] A disposable end face hob reamer, comprising a reaming bit and a mud adsorption device installed on a drill rod in sequence along the direction of mud flow; the reaming bit comprises a main shaft and a first centralizing barrel sleeved on the main shaft; the first centralizing barrel comprises a front end face arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the main shaft, and a plurality of hobs are installed on the front end face and uniformly arranged around the circumference thereof; the hobs are in the shape of a frustum of a cone, and the top of each hob is arranged towards the axis of the main shaft; the hobs comprise inner hobs and outer hobs, and the reaming radius of the outer hobs is greater than that of the inner hobs; the angle between the direction of the top of the inner hobs towards the main shaft and the direction of mud flow is greater than the angle between the direction of the top of the outer hobs towards the main shaft and the direction of mud flow; the mud adsorption device comprises a mud pipeline in communication with the main shaft and a negative pressure chamber arranged in the mud pipeline; the negative pressure chamber is in communication with the outside of the mud pipeline.
[0006] Further, the hobs installed along the same radial direction of the main shaft form a hob group; the hob group comprises at least one outer hob group and at least two inner hob groups, and the two hobs in the same hob group are of different models; the outer hob group is composed of outer hobs along the same radial direction of the main shaft; the inner hob group is composed of inner hobs along the same radial direction of the main shaft.
[0007] Further, the first centralizing barrel further comprises a rear end face and a side plate continuously arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft; the rear end face and the front end face are arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other and are sleeved on the main shaft; the side plate is used to connect the front end face and the rear end face and is arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft to form a first accommodating cavity for accommodating mud.
[0008] Further, the first righting barrel is internally provided with a plurality of first reinforcing plates uniformly arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft; the first reinforcing plates are arranged in the first accommodating cavity and divide the first accommodating cavity into a plurality of second accommodating cavities; the main shaft is provided with a plurality of mud through holes uniformly arranged around the axis thereof; the mud through holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second accommodating cavities and are in communication with each other; and the front end surface is provided with a mud nozzle in communication with the second accommodating cavities.
[0009] Further, the rear end surface is provided with a plurality of back-off rollers uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction thereof.
[0010] Further, the mud adsorption device further comprises a filter assembly; the filter assembly is sleeved on the mud pipeline and forms a filter chamber together with the mud pipeline; the mud pipeline is provided with mud adsorption holes uniformly arranged around the axis thereof; and the two ends of the mud adsorption holes are connected to the filter chamber and the negative pressure chamber respectively.
[0011] Further, the mud adsorption device comprises a booster nozzle and a diffusion pipe which are sequentially and spacedly arranged in the mud pipeline along the direction of mud flow; and the negative pressure chamber is formed by the booster nozzle, the diffusion pipe and the inner wall of the mud pipeline.
[0012] As described above, the disposable end face hob reamer has the following beneficial effects:
[0013] 1. The layout of the hob group is optimized, the inner and outer two rows of hob groups are used to cooperatively shear and crush the drill hole, so that the one-time reaming is completed, the reaming efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction period is reduced.
[0014] 2. The mud adsorption device is designed behind the reaming drill bit, the mud retained near the drill bit is sucked into the drill pipe again, the situation that the mud leaks along the rock joint in the open circulation is effectively avoided, the loss of the mud is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of the disposable end face hob reamer in the utility model is shown.
[0016] Figure 2 A structure schematic view of part of the structure of the disposable end face hob reamer in the utility model is shown.
[0017] Figure 3 A front view of the disposable end face hob reamer in the utility model is shown.
[0018] Figure 4 A Figure 3 A sectional view along line A-A.
[0019] Figure 5It is shown as the internal structure schematic view of the first centralizing barrel in the utility model.
[0020] Figure 6 It is shown as the structure schematic view of another view angle of the disposable face hob reamer in the utility model.
[0021] 1, drill rod; 2, reamer bit; 21, main shaft; 211, mud through hole; 22, first centralizing barrel; 221, front end face; 2211, mud nozzle; 222, rear end face; 2221, back-off roller; 2222, second reinforcing plate; 223, side plate; 224, first accommodating cavity; 225, first reinforcing plate; 226, second accommodating cavity; 227, guide plate; 23, hob; 230, hob set; 231, inner hob; 2310, inner hob set; 232, outer hob; 2320, outer hob set; 24, second centralizing barrel; 3, mud adsorption device; 31, mud pipeline; 311, mud adsorption hole; 32, negative pressure chamber; 33, filter assembly; 331, filter chamber; 34, booster nozzle; 35, diffusion pipe; 1000, a disposable face hob reamer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following specific embodiments illustrate the embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the utility model from the content disclosed in the specification.
[0023] Please refer to Figures 1-6 It should be understood that the structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings attached to the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for understanding and reading by those skilled in the art, and do not define the limiting conditions for the implementation of the utility model, so they do not have technical substantive significance. Any modification of structure, change of proportion relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the utility model, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the utility model. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" in the specification are only for the convenience of clear understanding of the description, and are not used to limit the scope of the utility model that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the scope of the utility model that can be implemented.
[0024] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6The utility model provides a disposable end face hob reamer 1000, including reamer drill bit 2 and mud adsorption device 2 installed in succession on the drill rod 1 along the direction of mud flow, wherein, reamer drill bit 2 includes main shaft 21 and the first centralizing barrel 22 of setting in main shaft 21, and the first centralizing barrel 22 includes the front end face 221 of setting perpendicular to the axis of main shaft 21, and the front end face 221 is installed with a plurality of hob 23 around the circumferential uniform arrangement.
[0025] Specifically, the hob 23 is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the top of each hob 23 is arranged towards the axis of the main shaft 21; the hob 23 comprises an inner hob 231 and an outer hob 232, and the reaming radius of the outer hob 232 is greater than that of the inner hob 231; the angle between the direction of the top of the inner hob 231 towards the main shaft 21 and the direction of the mud flow is greater than the angle between the direction of the top of the outer hob 232 towards the main shaft 21 and the direction of the mud flow.
[0026] Further, the mud adsorption device 2 comprises a mud pipeline 31 in communication with the main shaft 21 and a negative pressure chamber 32 arranged in the mud pipeline 31, and the negative pressure chamber 32 is in communication with the outside of the mud pipeline 31.
[0027] According to the utility model, the inner and outer hobs 231 and 232 are arranged on the front end face 221 and cooperatively shear and break the guide hole, so that the guide hole can reach the required reaming diameter after one breaking, and the reaming process is completed by one-time reaming with the cooperation of the high-power reaming driving device, thereby greatly reducing the construction period and construction cost.
[0028] Please continue to refer to Figures 2 to 3 The hobs 23 installed along the same radial direction of the main shaft 21 form a hob set 230.
[0029] The hob set 230 comprises at least one outer hob set 2320 and at least two inner hob sets 2310, and the two hobs 23 in the same hob set 230 are different in model.
[0030] Specifically, the outer hob set 2320 is composed of the outer hobs 232 along the same radial direction of the main shaft 21; and the inner hob set 2310 is composed of the inner hobs 231 along the same radial direction of the main shaft 21.
[0031] It should be noted that the number of the hob sets 230 and the number of the rows of the distribution of the hob sets 230 are not limited in the embodiments of the utility model. In the application, the hob sets 230 are divided into two rows, and there are three groups in total. In actual construction, the number of rows or groups of the hob sets 230 can be increased according to the actual reaming situation, as long as the reaming function of the reamer drill bit 2 is ensured.
[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the angle between the top of the inner cutter 231 and the direction of the mud flow is less than 90°, and the angle between the top of the outer cutter 232 and the direction of the mud flow is greater than 90°. In this embodiment, by adjusting the angles of the cutters 23 in the inner and outer cutter groups 230, the maximum reaming diameter of the inner cutter group 2310 can reach the minimum reaming diameter of the outer cutter group 2320, achieving smooth connection from the inner cutter group 2310 to the outer cutter group 2320 during the reaming process, while ensuring reaming efficiency, the inner cutter group 2310 shares the reaming load of the outer cutter group 2320, effectively improving the stability during the reaming process.
[0033] Please continue to refer to Figures 4 to 5 The first centralizing barrel 22 further comprises a rear end face 222 and a side plate 223 continuously arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 21.
[0034] The rear end face 222 is parallel to and spaced apart from the front end face 221 and is sleeved on the main shaft 21, and the side plate 223 is used to connect the front end face 221 and the rear end face 222 and is arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 21 to form a first containing cavity 224 for containing mud.
[0035] The arrangement of the side plate 223 effectively enhances the structural strength of the front end face 221, avoiding deformation of the front end face 221 during the reaming process, and the first centralizing barrel 22 also plays a certain guiding role.
[0036] In addition, the outer circumferential surface of the side plate 223 is also uniformly provided with a flow guide plate 227, and the arrangement of the flow guide plate 227 can effectively control the flow direction of the mud passing through the outside of the first centralizing barrel 22 in the drilling hole, thereby improving the reaming stability of the reaming bit 2.
[0037] Please continue to refer to, 4, the first centralizing barrel 22 is provided with a plurality of first reinforcing plates 225 uniformly arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft 21.
[0038] The first reinforcing plate 225 is arranged in the first containing cavity 224 and divides the first containing cavity 224 into a plurality of second containing cavities 226. The arrangement of the first reinforcing plate 225 effectively enhances the structural strength of the first centralizing barrel 22 and prolongs the service life of the device.
[0039] Further, the main shaft 21 is provided with a plurality of mud through holes 211 uniformly arranged around the main shaft 21, the mud through holes 211 and the second containing cavities 226 are arranged one by one and in communication with each other. The front end face 221 is provided with a plurality of mud nozzles 2211 corresponding to the second containing cavities 226, and the mud nozzles 2211 and the second containing cavities 226 are in communication.
[0040] The high pressure mud flows from the drill pipe 1 to the main shaft 21, part of which enters the second containing cavity 226 through the mud through hole 211 and is sprayed outwards from the mud nozzle 2211 to lubricate and cool the rolling cutter 23.
[0041] In addition, it should be noted that the second centralizing barrel 24 is also installed at the end of the main shaft 21 away from the mud suction device 2, the second centralizing barrel 24 is sleeved on the main shaft 21 and is installed in front of the first centralizing barrel 22. The diameter of the second centralizing barrel 24 is smaller than the diameter of the drill hole, which is used to guide the reamer 2.
[0042] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 The rear end face 222 is provided with a plurality of back-off rollers 2221 uniformly arranged along the circumference thereof.
[0043] Further, the rear end face 222 is also provided with a plurality of second reinforcing plates 2222 uniformly arranged along the circumference thereof, and the second reinforcing plates 2222 are arranged at intervals with the back-off rollers 2221. The back-off rollers 2221 are used for retraction of the reamer 2, and when the reaming process encounters a situation that cannot continue, the reamer 2 can be withdrawn from the drill hole by using the back-off rollers 2221. The second reinforcing plates 2222 are used to increase the structural strength of the rear end face 222.
[0044] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The mud suction device 2 also comprises a filter assembly 33.
[0045] The filter assembly 33 is sleeved on the mud pipeline 31 and forms a filter chamber 331 together with the mud pipeline 31.
[0046] Further, the mud pipeline 31 is provided with mud suction holes 311 uniformly arranged around the axis thereof, and the two ends of the mud suction holes 311 are connected to the filter chamber 331 and the negative pressure chamber 32 respectively.
[0047] Further, the mud suction device 2 comprises a booster nozzle 34 and a diffuser pipe 35 arranged at intervals in the mud pipeline 31 in sequence along the direction of mud flow. The booster nozzle 34, the diffuser pipe 35 and the inner wall of the mud pipeline 31 form the negative pressure chamber 32 together.
[0048] In the mud suction device 2, according to the principle of Venturi tube, the booster nozzle 34 and the diffuser pipe 35 arranged at intervals in the mud pipeline 31 form the negative pressure chamber 32 in the mud pipeline 31; and the mud suction holes 311 provided on the mud pipeline 31 make the filter chamber 331 and the negative pressure chamber 32 communicate, that is, the mud suction holes 311 can suck the mud sprayed from the mud nozzle 2211 into the negative pressure chamber 32 and then flow into the drill pipe 1 through the mud pipeline 31.
[0049] The implementation principle of the disposable end face hob reamer 1000 in the utility model is as follows: in the reaming process of horizontal directional drilling, the disposable end face hob reamer 1000 reams from the drilling hole outlet to the drilling hole inlet, and high-pressure mud flows through the reaming bit 2 and the mud adsorption device 2 in sequence from the drill rod 1. In the reaming process, the drill rod 1 drives the reaming bit 2 and the mud adsorption device 2 to rotate, further drives the hob 23 on the front end face 221 to rotary cut the drilling hole, the inner hob group 2310 and the outer hob group 2320 cooperatively shear and crush rocks, meanwhile, part of the high-pressure mud is sprayed from the mud nozzle 2211 on the front end face 221, lubricates the hob 23 and cools the hob 23, and the remaining high-pressure mud flows from the main shaft 21 and then enters the mud pipeline 31. The negative pressure chamber 32 sucks the high-pressure mud sprayed from the mud nozzle 2211 into the negative pressure chamber 32 through the mud adsorption hole 311, and the high-pressure mud from the main shaft 21 converges in the negative pressure chamber 32, and finally is discharged from the mud pipeline 31 to the subsequent drill rod 1. When the disposable end face hob reamer 1000 cannot continue to ream due to special circumstances in the reaming process, the back-off roller 2221 is relied on to rotate and rotary cut, and the disposable end face hob reamer 1000 is taken out of the drilling hole.
[0050] The above embodiment only illustrates the principle and effect of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the utility model should be covered by the claims of the utility model.
Claims
1. A disposable face hob reamer, characterized in that, The reamer comprises a reamer bit (2) and a mud suction device (3) installed on a drill rod (1) in sequence along the direction of mud flow; the reamer bit (2) comprises a main shaft (21) and a first centralizing barrel (22) sleeved on the main shaft (21); the first centralizing barrel (22) comprises a front end face (221) arranged perpendicularly to the axis of the main shaft (21), and a plurality of hob cutters (23) are installed on the front end face (221) and uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction; the hob cutters (23) are in the shape of a frustum of a cone, and the top of each hob cutter (23) is arranged towards the axis of the main shaft (21); the hob cutters (23) comprise inner hob cutters (231) and outer hob cutters (232), the reaming radius of the outer hob cutters (232) is greater than that of the inner hob cutters (231); the angle between the direction of the top of the inner hob cutters (231) towards the main shaft and the direction of mud flow is greater than the angle between the direction of the top of the outer hob cutters (232) towards the main shaft and the direction of mud flow; the mud suction device (3) comprises a mud pipeline (31) in communication with the main shaft (21) and a negative pressure chamber (32) arranged in the mud pipeline (31); the negative pressure chamber (32) is in communication with the outside of the mud pipeline (31).
2. A one-piece face hobbing reamer according to claim 1 wherein, The hob cutters (23) arranged in the same radial direction of the main shaft (21) form a hob cutter group (230); the hob cutter group (230) comprises at least one outer hob cutter group (2320) and at least two inner hob cutter groups (2310), and the two hob cutters (23) in the same hob cutter group (230) are of different types; the outer hob cutter group (2320) is composed of outer hob cutters (232) arranged in the same radial direction of the main shaft (21); the inner hob cutter group (2310) is composed of inner hob cutters (231) arranged in the same radial direction of the main shaft (21).
3. A one-piece face mill reamer according to claim 2, wherein, The first centralizing barrel (22) further comprises a rear end face (222) and a side plate (223) continuously arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft (21); the rear end face (222) is parallel to and spaced apart from the front end face (221) and is sleeved on the main shaft (21); the side plate (223) is used for connecting the front end face (221) and the rear end face (222) and surrounds the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft (21) to form a first containing cavity (224) for containing mud.
4. A one-piece face mill reamer according to claim 3, wherein, A plurality of first reinforcing plates (225) are uniformly arranged around the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft (21) in the first centralizing barrel (22); the first reinforcing plates (225) are arranged in the first containing cavity (224) and divide the first containing cavity (224) into a plurality of second containing cavities (226); a plurality of mud through holes (211) are uniformly arranged around the axis of the main shaft (21); the mud through holes (211) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the second containing cavities (226) and are in communication with each other; a mud nozzle (2211) is arranged on the front end face (221) and is in communication with the second containing cavities (226).
5. A one-piece face milling reamer according to claim 3, wherein, A plurality of back-off rollers (2221) are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rear end face (222).
6. A one-piece face milling reamer according to claim 4, wherein, The mud adsorption device (3) further comprises a filter assembly (33); the filter assembly (33) is sleeved on the mud pipeline (31) and forms a filter chamber (331) together with the mud pipeline (31); the mud pipeline (31) is provided with mud adsorption holes (311) uniformly arranged around the axis thereof; the two ends of the mud adsorption holes (311) are connected to the filter chamber (331) and the negative pressure chamber (32) respectively.
7. A one-piece face mill reamer according to claim 6 wherein, The mud adsorption device (3) comprises a booster nozzle (34) and a diffusion pipe (35) which are arranged in the mud pipeline (31) in sequence and at intervals along the direction of mud flow; the negative pressure chamber (32) is formed by the booster nozzle (34), the diffusion pipe (35) and the inner wall of the mud pipeline (31).