Weather station circuit structure and weather station

Abstract

The utility model discloses a meteorological station circuit structure and a meteorological station. The circuit structure comprises a solar charging circuit, a storage battery charging circuit, a microprocessor, a voltage detection circuit, a control switch module, a voltage stabilizer and a sensor module. By using the microprocessor, the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module, intelligent management of electric energy distribution is realized, and a power supply strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions. When solar energy is insufficient or at night, the solar charging circuit 1 cannot provide enough electric energy. At the moment, the storage battery charging circuit continues to supply power to the voltage stabilizer, and it is ensured that the microprocessor and the sensor module can work normally. When solar energy is sufficient, current generated by the solar charging circuit can supply power to the storage battery charging circuit, the microprocessor and other loads at the same time, and the overall energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of weather station especially relates to a weather station circuit structure and weather station. BACKGROUND

[0002] A weather station is a device or facility used for collecting, recording and analyzing atmospheric conditions such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, etc. It is widely used in weather forecasting, climate research, agricultural management, disaster warning and other fields.

[0003] The existing weather station is equipped with a solar panel that can convert solar radiation into electrical energy and store it in a battery. In the existing design, the solar panel usually directly charges the battery, and the battery powers the microprocessor and other sensor modules. If the battery is low, the microprocessor and other critical components may not have enough power support, affecting the stable operation of the system. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a weather station circuit structure and weather station to solve the problem that in the existing weather station, the solar panel usually directly charges the battery, and the battery powers the microprocessor and other sensor modules. If the battery is low, the microprocessor and other critical components may not have enough power support.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the embodiment provides a weather station circuit structure, which comprises a solar charging circuit, a battery charging circuit, a microprocessor, a voltage detection circuit, a control switch module, a voltage stabilizer and a sensor module.

[0006] The solar charging circuit is used to convert solar radiation into electrical energy at the output end.

[0007] The battery charging circuit is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit.

[0008] The voltage detection circuit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor connected in series, the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit, the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded, and the F_VOL node between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor is connected to the F_VOL pin of the microprocessor.

[0009] The control switch module comprises a MOS tube and a first triode, the source of the MOS tube is connected to the solar charging circuit, the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the input end of the voltage stabilizer, the gate of the MOS tube is connected to the solar charging circuit and the collector of the first triode respectively, the emitter of the first triode is grounded, and the base of the first triode is connected to the F_PWR pin of the microprocessor.

[0010] The output end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with the VDD pin of the microprocessor and the VDD pin of the sensor module respectively, the input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with the output end of the battery charging circuit, and a third diode is arranged on the line between the input end of the voltage stabilizer and the output end of the battery charging circuit;

[0011] The sensor module is connected with the control pin of the microprocessor.

[0012] Further, the first diode and the second diode are further included.

[0013] The anode of the first diode is connected with the output end of the solar charging circuit, and the cathode of the first diode is connected with the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module.

[0014] The second diode is arranged on the line between the control switch module and the first diode, the anode of the second diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the gate of the MOS tube through a first resistor, a second resistor is arranged between the gate of the MOS tube and the collector of the first triode, and a third resistor is arranged between the base of the first triode and the F_PWR pin of the microprocessor.

[0015] Further, when the voltage of the F_VOL node is greater than the voltage threshold value, the microprocessor controls the first triode to be grounded through the F_PWR pin, the MOS tube is turned on, and the current converted by the solar charging circuit flows to the voltage stabilizer through the MOS tube.

[0016] Further, the first resistor is 3.3MΩ, the second resistor is 10KΩ, and the third resistor is 3.3MΩ.

[0017] Further, the low-voltage detection circuit is further included, the input end of the low-voltage detection circuit is connected with the battery of the battery charging circuit, the output end of the low-voltage detection circuit is connected with the low-voltage detection pin of the microprocessor, and the CHARGE_C of the microprocessor is connected with the ISET pin of the battery charging circuit through a second triode.

[0018] Further, the illumination intensity detection circuit is further included, and the illumination intensity detection circuit is connected with the microprocessor.

[0019] Further, the sensor module includes a rain sensor and / or a wind speed sensor and / or a Hall sensor and / or a temperature and humidity sensor.

[0020] Further, the shell is further included, the battery charging circuit and the microprocessor are located on both sides of the rain sensor, and are arranged in waterproof compartments in the shell.

[0021] To achieve the above object, the embodiment further provides a weather station comprising the weather station circuit structure of any one of the above embodiments.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] By using the microprocessor, the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module, intelligent management of power distribution is realized, and the power supply strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to actual conditions. When the solar energy is insufficient or at night, the solar charging circuit cannot provide sufficient power. At this time, the storage battery charging circuit continues to supply power to the voltage stabilizer, so that the microprocessor and the sensor module can work normally. When the solar energy is sufficient, the current generated by the solar charging circuit can supply power to the storage battery charging circuit, the microprocessor and other loads at the same time, thereby improving the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0024] The above content related to the utility model is only a summary of the technical scheme of the application, in order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the application, and then can be implemented according to the content recorded in the specification and the drawings, and in order to let the above purpose and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the application can be more easily understood, the following is explained in combination with the specific embodiment and the drawings of the application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings are only used to show the principles, implementation modes, applications, characteristics and effects of the specific embodiments and other related contents of the utility model, and cannot be considered as the limitation of the application.

[0026] Figure 1 The connection diagram of the solar charging circuit, the storage battery charging circuit, the voltage stabilizer, the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0027] Figure 2 The connection diagram of the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0028] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the storage battery charging circuit in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0029] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the microprocessor in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0030] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the voltage stabilizer in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0031] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the rain sensor in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0032] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the wind speed sensor in the embodiment is shown in the figure;

[0033] Figure 8 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Hall sensor in the present embodiment;

[0034] Figure 9 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the temperature and humidity sensor in the present embodiment;

[0035] Figure 10 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the light intensity detection circuit in the present embodiment;

[0036] Figure 11 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the solar charging circuit, microprocessor and battery charging circuit on the shell in the present embodiment.

[0037] Explanation of reference signs:

[0038] 1. Solar charging circuit

[0039] 2. Battery charging circuit

[0040] 3. Microprocessor

[0041] 4. Voltage detection circuit

[0042] 5. Control switch module

[0043] 6. Voltage stabilizer

[0044] 7. Low-voltage detection circuit

[0045] 8. Rainfall sensor

[0046] 9. Wind speed sensor

[0047] 10. Hall sensor

[0048] 11. Temperature and humidity sensor

[0049] 12. Light intensity detection circuit

[0050] 13. Shell

[0051] 131. Warehouse body

[0052] 132. Upper cover DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] To explain the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific schemes that can be implemented, purposes and effects that can be achieved, etc. of the present application in detail, the following will be described in detail in combination with the specific embodiments listed and the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described in this paper are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore only serve as examples, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0054] The term "embodiment" is mentioned herein means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit the independence or association between other embodiments. In principle, in the present application, as long as there is no technical contradiction or conflict, each technical feature mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, the meanings of the technical terms used herein are the same as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs; the use of related terms herein is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0056] In the description of the present application, the phrase "and / or" is a description of the logical relationship between the objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist at the same time. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents that the associated objects before and after are a "or" logical relationship.

[0057] In the present application, the terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, primary and secondary or order relationship between the entities or operations.

[0058] Without more limitations, in the present application, the "includes", "contains", "has" or other similar open expressions used in the sentence are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, and these expressions do not exclude the presence of other elements in the process, method or product including the described elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements can not only include those limited elements, but also include other elements not explicitly listed, or also include the elements inherent to such process, method or product.

[0059] As the same as the understanding in the "Guidelines for Examination", in the present application, the expressions such as "greater than", "less than", "exceed" are understood as not including the number; the expressions such as "above", "below", "within" are understood as including the number. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, for example, "multiple groups", "multiple times", etc., unless otherwise explicitly limited.

[0060] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the spatial relative expressions such as "central", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or for the convenience of the reader to understand, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or component must have a particular position, a particular orientation, or be constructed or operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0061] Unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "mount", "connect", "connect", "fix", "set", and the like should be understood broadly. For example, the "connection" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral setting; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the relationship of two components combined together, or the interaction relationship of two components, or the internal communication of two structures. For those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The utility model provides a meteorological station circuit structure, including solar charging circuit 1, battery charging circuit 2, microprocessor 3, voltage detection circuit 4, control switch module 5, voltage stabilizer 6 and sensor module,

[0063] Solar charging circuit 1 is used for the output end of solar radiation conversion into electric energy;

[0064] Battery charging circuit 2 is connected at the output end of solar charging circuit 1;

[0065] Voltage detection circuit 4 includes first voltage dividing resistor R8 and second voltage dividing resistor R9 in series, first voltage dividing resistor R8 is connected at the output end of solar charging circuit 1, second voltage dividing resistor R9 is grounded, and the F VOL node between first voltage dividing resistor R8 and second voltage dividing resistor R9 is connected to the F VOL pin of microprocessor 3;

[0066] Control switch module 5 includes MOS tube Q2 and first triode Q5, the source of MOS tube Q2 is connected to solar charging circuit 1, the drain of MOS tube Q2 is connected to the input end of voltage stabilizer 6, the gate of MOS tube Q2 is connected to solar charging circuit 1 and the collector of first triode Q5 respectively, the emitter of first triode Q5 is grounded, and the base of first triode Q5 is connected to the F_PWR pin of microprocessor 3;

[0067] The output end of the voltage stabilizer 6 is connected to the VDD pin of the microprocessor 3 and the VDD pin of the sensor module respectively, the input end of the voltage stabilizer 6 is connected to the output end of the battery charging circuit 2, and a third diode D3 is arranged on the line between the two.

[0068] The sensor module is connected to the control pin of the microprocessor 3.

[0069] It is to be noted that the solar charging circuit 1 comprises a solar panel and its related circuit for converting solar radiation into electrical energy output. The battery charging circuit 2 comprises a battery BAT2 and its related circuit responsible for converting solar energy into electrical energy and storing it in the battery. The sensor module can collect temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, precipitation, etc., depending on the type of sensor selected. The sensors include but are not limited to: temperature and humidity sensor 11, humidity sensor, wind speed and direction sensor, rain sensor 8, atmospheric pressure sensor.

[0070] The voltage detection circuit 4 divides the output voltage of the solar charging circuit 1 by the first voltage dividing resistor R8 and the second voltage dividing resistor R9 in series, and feeds back the divided voltage to the F_VOL pin of the microprocessor 3 through the F_VOL node. If the voltage of the F_VOL node is greater than the voltage threshold (i.e. there is sufficient solar energy, and there is a surplus after supplying power to the battery charging circuit 2), the microprocessor 3 will send a control signal through the F_PWR pin. The control signal makes the base of the first transistor Q5 obtain a high level, so that the first transistor Q5 is turned on, and its collector is grounded. The gate voltage of the MOS tube Q2 is reduced, causing the MOS tube Q2 to be turned on. After the MOS tube Q2 is turned on, the current generated by the solar charging circuit 1 not only flows to the battery charging circuit 2, but also directly flows to the voltage stabilizer 6 through the MOS tube Q2, ensuring that the microprocessor 3 and the sensor module can work normally.

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the above technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] By using the microprocessor 3, the voltage detection circuit 4 and the control switch module 5, intelligent management of electrical energy distribution is realized, and the power supply strategy can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation. When the solar energy is insufficient or at night, the solar charging circuit 1 cannot provide sufficient electrical energy. At this time, the battery charging circuit 2 continues to supply power to the voltage stabilizer 6, ensuring that the microprocessor 3 and the sensor module can work normally. When the solar energy is sufficient, the current generated by the solar charging circuit 1 can supply power to the battery charging circuit 2, the microprocessor 3 and other loads at the same time, improving the overall energy utilization efficiency.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4In the embodiment, the weather station circuit structure further comprises a first diode D1 and a second diode D2; the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit 1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the voltage detection circuit 4 and the control switch module 5; the second diode D2 is located on the line between the control switch module 5 and the first diode D1, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube Q2 through a first resistor R10, and a second resistor R11 is arranged between the gate of the MOS tube Q2 and the collector of the first triode Q5, and a third resistor R12 is arranged between the base of the first triode Q5 and the F_PWR pin of the microprocessor 3.

[0074] The first diode D1 prevents the current from flowing reversely from the voltage detection circuit 4 or the control switch module 5 into the solar charging circuit 1, ensures the unidirectional flow of the current output by the solar charging circuit 1, and avoids the reverse current from damaging the circuit elements. The second diode D2 is used for further isolating the current path in the control switch module 5, ensuring that the current can flow correctly to the gate of the MOS tube Q2 in different working states, and avoiding the reverse flow.

[0075] In the embodiment, the first resistor R10 is 3.3MΩ, which can limit the current flowing to the gate of the MOS tube Q2, prevent the gate from being impacted by too high current, and protect the MOS tube Q2. The second resistor R11 is 10KΩ, which can ensure that the gate voltage of the MOS tube Q2 can be quickly pulled down when the first triode Q5 is turned on, so that the MOS tube Q2 is quickly turned on. The third resistor R12 is 3.3MΩ, which can limit the base current, prevent the first triode Q5 from being damaged by too large current, and ensure that the control signal of the microprocessor 3 can be stably transmitted.

[0076] It should be noted that "K" represents 103, i.e. 1 kilo, and KΩ represents kiloohms. "M" represents mega, i.e. 1 million, and MΩ represents megohms.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the weather station circuit structure further comprises a low-voltage detection circuit 7, the input end of the low-voltage detection circuit 7 is connected to the storage battery of the storage battery charging circuit 2, the output end of the low-voltage detection circuit 7 is connected to the low-voltage detection pin of the microprocessor 3, the CHARGE_C of the microprocessor 3 is connected to the ISET pin of the storage battery charging circuit 2 through a second triode Q7, and is used for controlling the charging current setting. The introduction of the low-voltage detection circuit 7 enables the circuit structure to monitor the voltage state of the storage battery in real time. Once the voltage of the storage battery is detected to be too low, the microprocessor 3 can take corresponding measures, such as reducing the load power or switching to the backup power supply.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 4And Figure 10 In the embodiment, the weather station circuit structure further comprises an illumination intensity detection circuit 12 connected to the microprocessor 3. Optionally, the illumination sensor of the illumination intensity detection circuit 12 is a UVSi1133, which can measure the intensity of ultraviolet (UV), visible light and infrared (IR) in the environment. In agricultural production, the illumination intensity data can help farmers optimize planting strategies and improve crop yields.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 And Figure 9 In the embodiment, the sensor module comprises a rain sensor 8 and / or a wind speed sensor 9 and / or a Hall sensor 10 and / or a temperature and humidity sensor 11. The following is appropriately explained: the rain sensor 8 can adopt a tipping bucket rain sensor 8, which calculates the rainfall by counting the number of tipping bucket overturning times. Figure 6 As shown, the RAIN pin of the rain sensor 8 is connected to the RAIN control pin of the microprocessor 3. The wind speed sensor 9 can adopt a cup type or ultrasonic wind speed sensor 9, which measures the wind speed and outputs a corresponding frequency signal or digital signal. Figure 7 As shown, the W-SP pin of the wind speed sensor 9 is connected to the W-SP control pin of the microprocessor 3. The Hall sensor 10 is used to detect the change of magnetic field intensity, which is commonly used to detect the speed or position of rotating objects, and is used as a wind direction detector. Figure 8 As shown, there are two Hall sensors 10, one Hall sensor HOL1 has a WIND_DIR pin connected to the WIND_DIR control pin of the microprocessor 3, and the other Hall sensor HOL2 has a WIND_DIL pin connected to the WIND_DIL control pin of the microprocessor 3.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 11 In the embodiment, the weather station circuit structure further comprises a housing 13, the battery charging circuit 2 and the microprocessor 3 are located on both sides of the rain sensor 8, and are arranged in waterproof compartments in the housing 13. Figure 11 As shown, the battery charging circuit 2 is located on the left side of the rain sensor 8, and the microprocessor 3 is located on the right side of the rain sensor 8, which can improve the compactness of the structure. The waterproof compartment is a separate sealed space inside the housing, which has a high waterproof level (such as IP67 or higher), which can effectively prevent water from entering and ensure the safety of the internal electronic components.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 11 In the embodiment, the waterproof compartment is designed to be detachable, and has a detachable upper cover 132, which can be connected to the lower compartment body 131 by buckles, screws or other fixing methods, facilitating disassembly and reinstallation, and the compartment body 131 can be assembled with the battery charging circuit 2 or the microprocessor 3.

[0082] In the present embodiment, the battery can employ a nickel-hydrogen battery, the voltage stabilizer 6 can employ a low dropout linear voltage stabilizer 6 (LDO), and the microprocessor 3 can employ RAINTX.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 1 to 11 The utility model also provides a weather station, including any above-mentioned embodiment described weather station circuit structure.

[0084] Finally, it needs to be explained that, although the above-mentioned various embodiments have been described in the specification and drawings of the present application, but can not therefore limit the patent protection scope of the present application. Based on the essential concept of the present application, the equivalent structure or equivalent flow substitution or modification of the contents recorded in the specification and drawings of the present application, and directly or indirectly the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments are implemented in other related technical fields, etc., all are included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A weather station circuit arrangement, characterized by: The solar charging circuit, the battery charging circuit, the microprocessor, the voltage detection circuit, the control switch module, the voltage stabilizer and the sensor module are included. The solar charging circuit is used for converting solar radiation into an output end of electric energy. The battery charging circuit is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit. The voltage detection circuit includes a first voltage dividing resistor and a second voltage dividing resistor connected in series, the first voltage dividing resistor is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit, the second voltage dividing resistor is grounded, and a F_VOL node between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor is connected to a F_VOL pin of the microprocessor. The control switch module includes a MOS tube and a first triode, a source of the MOS tube is connected to the solar charging circuit, a drain of the MOS tube is connected to an input end of the voltage stabilizer, a gate of the MOS tube is connected to the solar charging circuit and a collector of the first triode respectively, an emitter of the first triode is grounded, and a base of the first triode is connected to a F_PWR pin of the microprocessor. An output end of the voltage stabilizer is connected to a VDD pin of the microprocessor and a VDD pin of the sensor module respectively, and an input end of the voltage stabilizer is connected to an output end of the battery charging circuit and provided with a third diode on a line between the input end and the output end. The sensor module is connected to a control pin of the microprocessor.

2. The weather station circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first diode and the second diode are further included. An anode of the first diode is connected to the output end of the solar charging circuit, a cathode of the first diode is connected to the voltage detection circuit and the control switch module. The second diode is located on a line between the control switch module and the first diode, an anode of the second diode is connected to a cathode of the second diode, the cathode of the second diode is connected to the gate of the MOS tube through a first resistor, a second resistor is provided between the gate of the MOS tube and the collector of the first triode, and a third resistor is provided between the base of the first triode and the F_PWR pin of the microprocessor.

3. A weather station circuit arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When a voltage of the F_VOL node is greater than a voltage threshold value, the microprocessor controls the first triode to be grounded through the F_PWR pin, the MOS tube is turned on, and a current converted by the solar charging circuit flows to the voltage stabilizer through the MOS tube.

4. The weather station circuit structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first resistor is 3.3MΩ, the second resistor is 10KΩ, and the third resistor is 3.3MΩ.

5. The weather station circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low power detection circuit is further included, an input end of the low power detection circuit is connected to a battery of the battery charging circuit, an output end of the low power detection circuit is connected to a low power detection pin of the microprocessor, and a CHARGE_C of the microprocessor is connected to an ISET pin of the battery charging circuit through a second triode.

6. The weather station circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity detection circuit is further included, and the light intensity detection circuit is connected to the microprocessor.

7. The weather station circuit structure according to claim 1, characterized by: The sensor module includes a rainfall sensor and / or a wind speed sensor and / or a Hall sensor and / or a temperature and humidity sensor.

8. A weather station circuit arrangement according to claim 7, characterized in that Also included is a housing, the battery charging circuit, the microprocessor are located on both sides of the rain sensor, and are arranged in the waterproof compartment in the housing.

9. A weather station characterized by: The meteorological station circuit structure of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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