Novel ventilation separator

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel ventilation separator which is mainly composed of a spline gear, a small bearing, a shell, a shell end cover, a large bearing, a porous medium, a rotor and a rotor end cover. A high-speed transmission gear of the casing is connected with a spline gear through double bearings to drive a rotor to rotate at a high speed, an oil-gas mixture from the casing flows into an inner cavity of the shell from an axial air inlet of the shell, and an oil-gas mixture from a bearing cavity enters the inner cavity of the shell from a pipe opening in the upper end of the shell. The mixture of the two enters the rotor and the porous medium field from the rotor end cover in the inner cavity of the shell, in a centrifugal field formed by high-speed rotation of the rotor, oil liquid of the mixture is thrown out through outer holes of the rotor, separated air flows out in the axial direction through inner holes of the rotor, and the oil-gas separation function is achieved. Compared with a traditional impeller type separator structure, the oil-gas separator adopts a porous medium as a core component for oil-gas separation, the oil-gas separation efficiency of the separator can be effectively improved, and the purposes of reducing cost and improving efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a novel and highly efficient centrifugal ventilation structure for oil-gas separation, belonging to the technical field of aero-engine lubrication systems. Background Technology

[0002] The ventilation separator is a key component of the lubrication and ventilation system of an aero-engine. It adopts a cylindrical centrifugal rotation system structure. The structure relies on the transmission power output from the casing to drive the rotor system to rotate at high speed, forming a low-pressure zone in the inner cavity of the casing. This guides the external oil-gas mixture into the inner cavity along the casing inlet. After the mixture enters the rotor system, the centrifugal force field formed by the rotor system throws the heavy oil droplets in the oil-gas mixture to the outer edge of the rotor and separates them, which then flow back to the oil tank. The lighter gas is concentrated in the center of the rotor and flows out through the rotor exhaust port under the action of pressure difference, thereby achieving the ventilation function of the lubrication system.

[0003] Depending on the centrifugal separation structure used, ventilation separators can be divided into two types: impeller mechanical structure and porous media structure. In combination with the design requirements of aero-engine systems, centrifugal ventilators using porous media have the characteristics of high separation efficiency and light weight, which can better realize the oil-gas separation of the lubrication system and the circulation efficiency of system ventilation and oil use. It is an important link in the engine lubrication circulation system. At the same time, the oil-gas mixture in the lubrication system comes from different locations. How to collect the oil-gas mixture from different locations to the ventilation separator to reduce the volume and weight of the ventilation separator is also an issue that needs to be considered in the design process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a novel ventilation separator that can separate oil-gas mixtures from different sources, and features high separation efficiency, light weight, compact structure and good reliability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A novel ventilation separator includes:

[0007] The housing is a rotating body with open axial first and second ends. At least one oil / gas inlet communicating with the inner cavity of the housing and one lubricating oil outlet communicating with the inner cavity of the housing are provided on its rotating surface.

[0008] The housing end cap is assembled on the first axial end of the housing, and the housing end cap has a first through hole that communicates with the inner cavity of the housing and serves as an oil and gas inlet.

[0009] The rotor is coaxially assembled in the inner cavity of the housing. The rotor is a double-layer rotating body with a second through hole on its outer rotating surface and a third through hole on its inner rotating surface. A first cavity is formed between the outer rotating surface and the inner rotating surface. The first cavity is connected to the second through hole. A second cavity is formed inside the inner rotating surface. A gas outlet is formed at the second axial end of the second cavity and extends to the second axial end of the housing.

[0010] The rotor end cover is assembled on the first axial end of the rotor, and the rotor end cover has a fourth through hole communicating with the first cavity of the rotor.

[0011] A porous medium, the porous medium filling the first cavity of the rotor;

[0012] The spline gear has a surface including a first spline located on the outside of the housing and a second spline located in the inner cavity of the housing. After passing through the end cover of the housing, the spline gear is connected to the first axial end of the rotor through the second spline. The surface of the spline gear also includes a smooth cylindrical surface between the first spline and the second spline.

[0013] The end cover of the housing has a first bearing mounting groove, in which a small bearing is installed. The inner ring of the small bearing is assembled with the cylindrical surface of the spline gear, and the outer ring is assembled with the groove wall of the first bearing mounting groove.

[0014] A second bearing mounting groove is provided in the inner cavity of the housing and near the second axial end of the housing. A large bearing is installed in the second bearing mounting groove. The outer ring of the large bearing is assembled with the groove wall of the second bearing mounting groove, and the inner ring of the large bearing is assembled on the outer rotating surface of the rotor.

[0015] In one embodiment, the outer ring of the small bearing is assembled with the groove wall of the first bearing mounting groove via a stepped bushing, wherein the axial second end face of the small bearing rests on the housing end cover, and the stepped surface of the stepped bushing is in contact with the axial first end face of the housing end cover.

[0016] As one solution:

[0017] The first through hole is a waist-shaped hole that is distributed at intervals on the same circumference and is curved in an arc shape;

[0018] The second through hole is an array of circular holes uniformly distributed on the outer rotating surface;

[0019] The third through hole is a waist-shaped hole that is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner rotating surface;

[0020] The fourth through hole is a waist-shaped hole that is distributed at intervals on the same circumference and is curved in an arc shape.

[0021] As one solution:

[0022] The inner rotating surface of the rotor is divided into two regions along the rotor axis. The region near the first end of the rotor axis has no openings on its surface, while the region near the second end of the rotor axis has a third through hole on its surface.

[0023] The second through hole on the outer rotating surface of the rotor is evenly distributed along the rotor's axial direction, and its vertical projection on the inner rotating surface covers two regions on the inner rotating surface.

[0024] As one option, the second axial end of the housing is connected to the casing by mounting screws, and nozzle assemblies are welded to the oil / gas inlet and the lubricating oil outlet.

[0025] As one option, the porous medium is a ring-shaped metal sponge.

[0026] In this invention, the negative pressure generated by the high-speed rotation of the spline and bearing draws the oil-gas mixture into the inner cavity of the housing, and flows axially along the ventilation separator into the rotor system composed of porous media, rotor and rotor end cover, finally achieving oil-gas separation and discharging the separated media. It features high separation efficiency, light weight, compact structure and good reliability.

[0027] In this invention, an oil and gas inlet is provided on both the housing and the housing end cap. The oil and gas are collected in the inner cavity of the housing and then uniformly enter from one end of the porous medium to achieve centrifugal separation. This solves the problem of separating oil and gas mixtures from different sources while improving the compactness of the separator and reducing its weight. For example, the oil and gas inlet on the housing end cap connects to the oil and gas mixture from the casing, while the oil and gas inlet on the housing connects to the oil and gas mixture from the bearing cavity.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this utility model adopts a dual-bearing design, which improves the centrifugal speed and stability. The high-speed transmission gear of the casing drives the rotor and porous medium to rotate at high speed, forming a centrifugal force field to complete the oil-gas separation function of the ventilation separator, so as to realize the function of oil-gas circulation in the lubricating oil system. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the main structural components of the ventilation separator of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view of the housing and housing end cap assembly of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Axonometric view;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotor, rotor end cover, and porous medium assembly of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Axial cross-sectional view;

[0034] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of the splined gear, small bearing, rotor end cover, large bearing and rotor in this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Axial cross-sectional view;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the ventilation separator of this utility model;

[0037] In the diagram: 1—Splined gear, 2—Small bearing, 3—Housing, 4—Housing end cover, 5—Rotor end cover, 6—Large bearing, 7—Porous medium, 8—Rotor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed that the scope of the subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Any modifications, substitutions and alterations made based on ordinary technical knowledge and conventional means in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention are included within the scope of the present invention.

[0039] In this invention, a circular porous medium 7 rotating at high speed around its own axis is used as a separation carrier. A mixture of oil and air is introduced into the first axial end face of the porous medium 7. During the process of the mixture moving from the first axial end to the second axial end inside the porous medium 7, the oil and air are separated. The separated oil detaches from the outer ring surface of the porous medium 7 and then collects, while the separated air detaches from the inner ring surface of the porous medium 7 and collects towards the second axial end of the porous medium 7 before being discharged.

[0040] Based on the above principles, this utility model is designed as follows Figure 1The novel ventilation separator shown includes a splined gear 1, a small bearing 2, a housing 3, a housing end cover 4, a rotor end cover 5, a large bearing 6, a porous medium 7, and a rotor 8. The splined gear 1 has cylindrical grooves inside, with transmission splines evenly distributed on both axial sides. The small bearing 2 consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, rolling elements, and a cage, primarily used to transmit high-speed axial rotation of the structure. The housing 3 has through holes on both axial sides, with three mounting screws on the air outlet side, and a cylindrical hole at each of the upper and lower ends for mounting connecting nozzles. The housing end cover 4 is a wheel-shaped disc with a through hole in the center, four oblong holes on the outer side of the through hole, and six mounting slots and through holes on the edge of the disc. The rotor end cover 5 is a wheel-shaped disc with a through hole in the center, four oblong holes on the outer side of the through hole, and four countersunk screw mounting holes between the through hole and the oblong holes. The large bearing 6 consists of an outer ring, an inner ring, rolling elements, and a cage, primarily used to transmit high-speed axial rotation of the structure. The porous medium 7 is an annular metal sponge. Utilizing the inner and outer double-layer design of the rotor 8, it is placed in the annular groove between the inner and outer layers of the rotor 8, and sealed and limited by the rotor end cap 5. The rotor 8 has a cylindrical structure on both inner and outer walls, with a cylindrical groove in the middle. The inner and outer walls have 12 oblong holes and 48 round holes, respectively, and the inner wall has a spline keyway. Both ends of the spline gear 1 have transmission keyways. The left keyway of the spline gear 1 is assembled with the keyway of the casing, and the smooth cylindrical surface in the middle of the spline gear 1 is assembled with the small bearing 2. The right keyway of the spline gear 1 is assembled with the keyway of the rotor 8. The small bearing 2 and the bushing are assembled together. One side of the small bearing 1 rests on the housing end cap 4, and the other side is assembled on the housing end cap 4 by the step of the bushing. The housing 3 is fixed to the casing by three mounting screws on the air outlet side. Through holes are opened at the upper and lower ends, and the nozzle assembly is welded to the housing for connecting the nozzle to the machine. The housing end cover 4 is mounted on the housing 3 through six through holes on the edge of the disc. The rotor end cover 5 is fixed to the rotor 8 through four mounting holes using countersunk screws. The large bearing 6 is fixed to the tail outlet of the housing 3 using a limiting mounting method. The rotor 8 is mounted on the small bearing 2 and the large bearing 6 at both ends, respectively, and is connected to the spline gear 1 through the keyway on the inner wall.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in the novel ventilation separator, the splined gear 1 is assembled with the rotor 8 via a keyway, forming a transmission system with the small bearing 1 and the large bearing 6, providing power for the centrifugal separation field. The housing 3 has two through holes serving as an oil / gas inlet and a lubricating oil outlet, respectively, which are then welded to two nozzle parts to form a single unit. The housing 3 and the housing end cover 4 are assembled together to form a flow path. The porous medium 7 is an annular metal sponge, assembled with the rotor 8 via a mounting groove. The porous medium 7, rotor 8, and rotor end cover 5 are assembled together to form the core component of the structure—the rotation system.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram shows the housing assembly of the ventilation separator, which mainly includes a housing end cap 4, a housing 3, and two nozzles. The housing 3 has through holes on both the upper and lower sides for welding the nozzles and connecting them to the piping on the machine. Three mounting screws are located on the air outlet side of the housing 3 for installing the ventilation separator on the machine.

[0043] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 The rotating assembly of the ventilation separator, shown in the figure, mainly includes a rotor end cover 5, a porous medium 7, and a rotor 8. The rotor end cover 5 is a wheel-shaped disc with a through hole in the center and four oblong holes on the outer side of the through hole, which serve as the intake for the oil-gas mixture in the rotor centrifugal field. Six mounting slots and through holes are provided on the edge of the disc to mount the rotor end cover 5 onto the rotor 8. The porous medium 7 is a metal sponge with good water absorption properties. The rotor 8 is a cylindrical structure with inner and outer walls. A cylindrical groove (a cylindrical cavity inside the inner wall) is provided in the center. Twelve oblong holes and forty-eight round holes are provided on the inner and outer walls, respectively, for discharging air and lubricating oil. A spline keyway is provided on the cylindrical inner wall at the front end of the rotor 8 for connecting the spline gear 1.

[0044] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the transmission system of the ventilation separator mainly includes a splined gear 1, a small bearing 2, a rotor end cover 5, a large bearing 6, and a rotor 8. The system achieves primary transmission from the main splined shaft to the ventilation separator through the splined gear 1, followed by secondary transmission through the small bearing 2, the large bearing 6, and the rotor 8, ultimately achieving high-speed rotation of the rotating components and forming a centrifugal field.

[0045] like Figure 8 The diagram shows the structural function of the ventilation separator. The oil-gas mixture flows from the end cap 4 and the oil-gas inlet nozzle on the shell 3 into the inner cavity of the shell 3. Figure 8 Both arrows A and B represent oil and gas inlets, which flow into the porous medium 7 inside the casing 3 via the rotor end cover 5. Figure 8 The arrows located inside the porous medium 7 represent the flow path and direction of the oil-gas mixture. Oil-gas separation is completed in the centrifugal field of the porous medium 7 and the rotor 8. The lubricating oil flows into the housing 3 through the through-holes on the outer wall of the rotor 8, and then flows out through the lubricating oil outlet nozzle into the oil tank. Figure 8 The middle arrow C represents the lubricating oil outlet; air flows out of the porous medium 7 through the waist-shaped hole in the inner wall of the rotor 8, and finally exits along the axial direction of the housing 3 into the circulation system. Figure 8 The middle arrow D represents the air outlet.

[0046] This invention uses a metal sponge as the core structure for oil-gas separation. Compared with the traditional structure that uses an impeller as the core component of the separator, simulation and experimental verification show that its oil-gas separation efficiency is increased from 95% to 98%, which can effectively improve the efficiency of oil-gas separation.

[0047] The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, alterations or equivalent substitutions made based on the technical solutions of this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A new type of venturi separator characterized in that, It comprises: a housing (3) which is a rotary body with both axial first end and axial second end open, and at least one oil and gas inlet and one oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity of the housing (3) arranged on the rotary surface of the housing (3); a housing end cover (4) assembled at the axial first end of the housing (3), the housing end cover (4) is provided with a first through hole as the oil and gas inlet communicated with the inner cavity of the housing (3); a rotor (8) coaxially assembled in the inner cavity of the housing (3), the rotor (8) is a double-layer rotary body, the outer rotary surface of the rotor (8) is provided with a second through hole, the inner rotary surface of the rotor (8) is provided with a third through hole, the first cavity is formed between the outer rotary surface and the inner rotary surface, the first cavity is communicated with the second through hole, the second cavity is formed inside the inner rotary surface, the axial second end of the second cavity forms a gas outlet and extends to the axial second end of the housing (3); a rotor end cover (5) assembled at the axial first end of the rotor (8), the rotor end cover (5) is provided with a fourth through hole communicated with the first cavity of the rotor (8); a porous medium (7) filled in the first cavity of the rotor (8); a spline gear (1) whose surface comprises a first spline located outside the housing (3) and a second spline located in the inner cavity of the housing (3), the spline gear (1) is connected with the axial first end of the rotor (8) through the second spline after penetrating through the housing end cover (4), and the surface of the spline gear (1) further comprises a smooth cylindrical surface between the first spline and the second spline; the housing end cover (4) is provided with a first bearing mounting groove, a small bearing (2) is mounted in the first bearing mounting groove, and the inner ring of the small bearing (2) is assembled with the cylindrical surface of the spline gear (1), and the outer ring is assembled with the groove wall of the first bearing mounting groove; the inner cavity of the housing (3) is provided with a second bearing mounting groove close to the axial second end of the housing (3), a large bearing (6) is mounted in the second bearing mounting groove, the outer ring of the large bearing (6) is assembled with the groove wall of the second bearing mounting groove, and the inner ring of the large bearing (6) is assembled on the outer rotary surface of the rotor (8).

2. A new type of ventilation separator according to claim 1, characterized by: The outer ring of the small bearing (2) is assembled with the groove wall of the first bearing mounting groove through a stepped bushing, wherein the axial second end surface of the small bearing (2) is abutted against the housing end cover (4), and the stepped surface of the stepped bushing is abutted against the axial first end surface of the housing end cover (4).

3. The new type of ventilation separator according to claim 1, wherein: the first through hole is a waist-shaped hole which is distributed on the same circumference, spaced and curved in a circular arc shape; the second through hole is an array of circular holes uniformly distributed on the outer rotary surface; the third through hole is a waist-shaped hole uniformly distributed along the inner rotary surface; the fourth through hole is a waist-shaped hole which is distributed on the same circumference, spaced and curved in a circular arc shape.

4. The new type of ventilation separator according to claim 1, wherein: The inner layer surface of the rotor (8) is divided into two regions along the axial direction of the rotor (8), wherein the surface of the region close to the first end of the rotor (8) is free of openings, and the surface of the region close to the second end of the rotor (8) is provided with third through holes; The second through holes on the outer layer surface of the rotor (8) are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the rotor (8), and the vertical projection of the second through holes on the inner layer surface covers the two regions on the inner layer surface.

5. A new type of ventilation separator according to claim 1, characterized by: The second end of the shell (3) is connected with the casing by mounting screws, and the oil and gas inlet and the lubricating oil outlet are welded with pipe nozzle assemblies.

6. A new type of venturi separator as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The porous medium (7) is a circular ring-shaped metal sponge.

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