Special clamp for milling key groove in shifting fork handle shaft in vertical machining center

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a special clamp for milling a key groove in a shifting fork handle shaft in a vertical machining center, which comprises a bottom plate, and a plurality of clamp units are mounted on the bottom plate. Each group of clamp unit comprises two V-shaped blocks which are symmetrically arranged, pressing plate assemblies which are in one-to-one correspondence with the V-shaped blocks, and a positioning assembly which is positioned on the V-shaped block on one side; the bottom face of the V-shaped block is fixed to the bottom plate, and a V-shaped groove used for containing a shifting fork handle shaft is formed in the top face of the V-shaped block. The positioning assembly is used for positioning a shifting fork; the pressing plate assembly is used for pressing and fixing the shifting fork handle shaft to the V-shaped block. The clamp has the advantages that a plurality of workpieces can be mounted on one clamp plate at a time, the positioning assemblies, the pressing plate assemblies and the limiting assemblies on the clamp can ensure accurate positioning of the workpieces, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, the machining efficiency can be improved, meanwhile, the workpieces can be assembled offline, unmanned assembly line operation on a machine tool line can be achieved, and the purpose of a flexible production line is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a special fixture for milling keyways on the handle shaft of a shift fork in a vertical machining center. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, keyway machining is a common machining method. It is usually done by using V-blocks for positioning and clamping, and then using a keyway milling cutter. During the machining process, it is necessary to ensure the dimensional accuracy and symmetry requirements of the keyway.

[0003] Currently, improving processing efficiency and accuracy usually involves simplifying the internal structure of parts and increasing the processing requirements of parts, with little focus on improving processing fixtures.

[0004] Therefore, this case is brought. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in vertical machining centers, in order to improve machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center includes a base plate on which several sets of fixture units are mounted. Each set of fixture units includes two symmetrically arranged V-blocks, a pressure plate assembly corresponding to each V-block, and a positioning assembly located on one side of the V-block.

[0008] The bottom surface of the V-block is fixed to the base plate, and the top surface has a V-groove for placing the fork handle shaft.

[0009] The positioning component is used to position the shift fork;

[0010] The pressure plate assembly is used to press down and fix the shift fork handle shaft onto the V-block.

[0011] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a keyway and a screw hole, and the V-block is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the screw hole and a key that is clearance-fitted with the keyway. The V-block is fixedly connected to the base plate by the key and bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, the keyway is an elongated hole type and is arranged along the axial direction of the shift fork. Each keyway is equipped with several sets of screw holes. The several sets of screw holes are arranged along the length direction of the keyway, and the two screw holes in each set of screw holes are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the keyway.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a handle assembly, a positioning rod, a pin, and a spring;

[0014] The positioning rod includes an insertion section and a connecting section, and the diameter of the insertion section is larger than the diameter of the connecting section;

[0015] The handle assembly includes a handwheel and a limiting part. The limiting part includes an axial limiting block and an anti-rotation limiting short post. One side of the axial limiting block is fixed to the anti-rotation limiting short post, and the other side is fixed to the handwheel. The axial limiting block has a first pin hole, and the insertion section has a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole. The axial limiting block has a second mounting hole for the insertion of the connecting section. The second mounting hole communicates with the first pin hole, and the pin can be inserted into the first pin hole and the second pin hole.

[0016] The V-shaped block is provided with mounting hole three that matches the insertion section, mounting hole four that matches the connecting section, and mounting hole five that matches the anti-rotation limiting short post. Mounting hole three and mounting hole four are coaxial and interconnected. The cross-sectional dimension of mounting hole three is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the axial limiting block.

[0017] A limiting step is formed at the junction of mounting hole three and mounting hole four. The spring is set inside mounting hole four, and its two ends abut against the limiting step and the end face of the insertion section, respectively.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure plate assembly includes a dedicated screw, two dedicated nuts, and a dedicated pressure plate. The base plate is provided with a dedicated screw hole corresponding to the dedicated screw. After the dedicated screw is screwed into the dedicated screw hole, one of the dedicated nuts is screwed to the bottom of the dedicated screw and presses against the base plate. The dedicated pressure plate is slidably connected to the dedicated screw and is located above the V-block, used to press down the shift fork handle shaft placed in the V-groove. The other dedicated nut is located above the dedicated pressure plate and, after being screwed into the dedicated screw, applies downward pressure to the dedicated pressure plate.

[0019] Furthermore, it includes a limiting rod, which is fixed to the base plate and located on one or both sides of the clamp unit along the axial direction, for abutting against the end face of the shift fork handle shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the limiting rod includes a connecting section and a limiting section. The base plate is provided with a mounting hole six. The connecting section of the limiting rod is inserted into the mounting hole six with an interference fit, and the limiting section is used to abut against the end face of the shift fork handle shaft.

[0021] Furthermore, the limiting rod includes an external threaded section located between the insertion section and the limiting section.

[0022] Furthermore, it includes at least two sets of clamping units, and the two sets of clamping units share a limiting rod. The two sets of clamping units are arranged side by side, and the limiting rod is located between the two sets of clamping units.

[0023] The advantages of this utility model are: multiple workpieces can be installed at one time on a single fixture plate; the positioning components, pressure plate components, and limiting components on the fixture can ensure accurate workpiece positioning; the structure is simple and easy to operate, which can improve processing efficiency; at the same time, workpieces can be assembled offline, and the machine tool can be operated on an unmanned assembly line, thus achieving the goal of a flexible production line. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the workpiece to be processed—the shift fork—in the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the special fixture in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the workpiece being assembled onto a special fixture in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Front view diagram;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a single fixture unit assembled on the base plate in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A top-down view;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 6 AA sectional view;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 6 BB cross-sectional diagram;

[0032] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the positioning component and the pressure plate component in the embodiment;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the V-shaped block in the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the V-shaped block in the embodiment;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the positioning component and the V-block in the embodiment;

[0036] Label Explanation

[0037] 1. Shift fork; 101. Keyway to be milled; 102. Shaft hole; 103. Handle shaft;

[0038] 2. Base plate; 201. Keyway 1; 202. Screw hole 1; 203. Mounting hole 6; 204. Dedicated screw hole;

[0039] 3. V-block; 301. V-groove; 302. Mounting hole one; 303. Key one; 304. Mounting hole three; 305. Mounting hole four; 306. Mounting hole five; 307. Limiting step;

[0040] 4. Positioning components; 401. Handwheel; 402. Axial limit block; 403. Anti-rotation limit post; 404. Pin hole one; 405. Mounting hole two; 406. Positioning rod; 4061. Connecting section; 4062. Insertion section; 4063. Pin hole two; 407. Spring; 408. Pin shaft;

[0041] 5. Pressure plate assembly; 501. Special screw; 502. Special nut; 503. Special pressure plate;

[0042] 6. Limiting rod; 601. Connecting section; 602. External thread section; 603. Limiting section. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" etc. indicated by the accompanying drawings are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece to be processed, namely the shift fork 1, needs to be clamped by the special fixture in this embodiment. It has shaft holes 102 on both sides of its bottom and a handle shaft 103 is also installed. After the workpiece is clamped on the special fixture, the keyway 101 needs to be milled on the handle shaft 103. During the milling process, it is necessary to ensure the clamping stability of the workpiece.

[0045] like Figures 2 to 12 As shown, this embodiment proposes a special fixture for milling the keyway on the handle shaft 103 of the shift fork 1 in a vertical machining center. It includes a base plate 2, on which eight sets of fixture units are arranged in two rows of four. Each set of fixture units includes two symmetrically arranged V-blocks 3, a pressure plate assembly 5 corresponding to each V-block 3 (i.e., two pressure plate assemblies 5), and a positioning assembly 4 located on one side of the V-block 3.

[0046] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 10The bottom surface of the V-block 3 is fixed to the base plate 2, and the fixing method is as follows: the base plate 2 is provided with a keyway 201 and a screw hole 202, and the V-block 3 is provided with a mounting hole 302 corresponding to the screw hole 202 and a key 303 that is clearance-fitted with the keyway 201. The V-block 3 is fixedly connected to the base plate 2 by the key and bolts. Preferably, as follows... Figure 5 As shown, in each fixture unit, the keyway 201 below one of the V-blocks 3 is an elongated oval groove, but the length of this elongated oval groove is slightly larger than that of the key 303. After the V-block 3 is inserted into the keyway 201, it cannot move left or right. Therefore, only one set of screw holes 202 is provided at this location. The two screw holes of one set of screw holes 202 are respectively located on both sides of the width direction of the elongated oval groove. In each fixture unit, the keyway 201 below another V-block 3 is an elongated oval groove, but the length of this elongated oval groove is more than twice the length of the key 303. When the V-block 3 is inserted into the keyway 201 at this location, it can be adjusted left or right according to the axial dimension of the workpiece to be processed. Therefore, multiple sets of screw holes 202 are provided at this location (two sets in this embodiment). The two screw holes of each set of screw holes 202 are respectively located on both sides of the width direction of the elongated oval groove.

[0047] like Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, the top surface of the V-block 3 has a V-groove 301 for placing the handle shaft 103 of the shift fork 1. When the upper pressure plate assembly 5 applies downward pressure, the handle shaft 103 of the shift fork 1 can be pressed down and fixed on the V-block 3 to prevent it from shaking back and forth.

[0048] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 9 The pressure plate assembly 5 includes a dedicated screw 501, two dedicated nuts 502, and a dedicated pressure plate 503. The base plate 2 has dedicated screw holes 204 corresponding to the dedicated screw 501. After the dedicated screw 501 is screwed into the dedicated screw hole 204, one of the dedicated nuts 502 is screwed to the bottom of the dedicated screw 501 and presses against the base plate 2, thus fixing the dedicated screw 501 in place. The dedicated pressure plate 503 is fitted onto the dedicated screw 501 and can slide up and down relative to the dedicated screw 501. The dedicated pressure plate 503 is located above the V-block 3 and is used to press down on the handle shaft 103 of the shift fork 1 placed in the V-groove 301. The other dedicated nut 502 is located above the dedicated pressure plate 503 and, after being screwed into the dedicated screw 501, applies downward pressure to the dedicated pressure plate 503.

[0049] Positioning assembly 4 includes a handle assembly, a positioning rod 406, a pin 408, and a spring 407. For example... Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, the positioning rod 406 includes an insertion section 4062 and a connecting section 4061, and the diameter of the insertion section 4062 is larger than the diameter of the connecting section 4061. The handle assembly includes a handwheel 401 and a limiting part. The limiting part includes an axial limiting block 402 and two anti-rotation limiting short posts 403. One side of the axial limiting block 402 is fixed to the two anti-rotation limiting short posts 403, and the other side is fixed to the handwheel 401. The axial limiting block 402 has a first pin hole 404, and the insertion section 4062 has a second pin hole 4063 corresponding to the first pin hole 404. The center of the axial limiting block 402 has a second mounting hole 405 for the connecting section 4061 to be inserted. The second mounting hole 405 communicates with the first pin hole 404, and the two anti-rotation limiting short posts 403 are located on both sides of the second mounting hole 405. The V-shaped block 3 has a mounting hole 304 that matches the insertion section 4062, a mounting hole 305 that matches the connecting section 4061, and two mounting holes 306 that match the anti-rotation limiting short post 403. Because they are matched, the diameter of mounting hole 305 is larger than the diameter of mounting hole 304. Mounting holes 304 and 305 are coaxial and interconnected. The two mounting holes 306 are located on the upper and lower sides of mounting hole 304. The cross-sectional dimension of mounting hole 304 is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the axial limiting block 402. A limiting step 307 is formed at the junction of mounting hole three 304 and mounting hole four 305. The spring 407 is disposed in mounting hole four 305, and its two ends abut against the limiting step 307 and the end face of the insertion section 4062, respectively. When the spring 407 is compressed, the insertion section 4062 is located in mounting hole four 305. When the spring 407 is extended, the insertion section 4062 is exposed in mounting hole four 305.

[0050] During installation, first insert the spring 407 into the mounting hole 305, then insert the positioning rod 406 from the mounting hole 305 side. The connecting section 4061 of the positioning rod 406 passes through the mounting hole 305 and enters the mounting hole 304. At this time, the spring 407 abuts against the limiting step 307 and the end face of the insertion section 4062. Press the insertion section 4062 so that the pin hole 4063 of the connecting section 4061 is exposed in the mounting hole 304 and enters the mounting hole 405 of the handle assembly. Insert the pin 408 so that the handle assembly is connected to the positioning rod 406. Then release the hand that pressed the insertion section 4062. The handle assembly moves towards the mounting hole 304 under the action of the spring 407 until the anti-rotation limiting short post 403 is fully inserted into the mounting hole 306. The axial limiting block 402 abuts against the end face of the mounting hole 304, completing the installation. At this point, pulling and releasing the handwheel 401 outwards allows the insertion section 4062 of the positioning rod 406 to enter and exit the mounting hole 305. In this structure, the axial limiting block 402 is used to limit the length of the insertion section 402 extending out of the mounting hole 305, and the anti-rotation limiting short post 403 is used to prevent the positioning rod from rotating after positioning.

[0051] like Figure 8 As shown, the insertion section 4062 of the positioning component 4 is used to enter the shaft hole 102 of the shift fork 1 to achieve positioning. Figure 4 As shown, the positioning component 4 of each clamping unit is set on the V-block 3 on one side, achieving positioning while preventing the shift fork 1 from moving towards the side where the positioning component 4 is set. However, since the other side does not have the positioning component 4, there is a possibility that it may move towards that side. As an improvement, this embodiment also includes a limiting rod 6, which abuts against the end face of the shift fork handle shaft to prevent the shift fork 1 from moving to the other side. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the two sets of clamping units share a single limiting rod 6, which is located between the two sets of clamping units.

[0052] like Figure 8 As shown, the limiting rod 6, from bottom to top, includes a connecting section 601, an external thread section 602, and a limiting section 603. The base plate 2 has a mounting hole 203. The connecting section 601 of the limiting rod 6 is inserted into the mounting hole 203 with an interference fit. The limiting section 603 abuts against the end face of the handle shaft 103 of the shift fork 1, ensuring accurate workpiece machining length. The external thread section 602 is provided to facilitate the replacement of the positioning rod 406. Since the limiting rod 6 is interference-fitted onto the base plate 2 and is a metal round rod, it is difficult to clamp and pull out. By providing the external thread section 602, a special pulling tool can be used. During pulling, the threaded sleeve of the workpiece is threadedly connected to the external thread section 602, and then upward force is applied to pull, thereby removing the limiting rod 6.

[0053] The usage process of this fixture is as follows: Loosen the special pressure plate 503, put in the shift fork 1, so that the handle shafts 103 on both sides of the shift fork 1 are placed in the V-grooves 301 on both sides, pull the handwheel 401 so that the positioning rod 406 enters the shaft hole 102 on one side of the shift fork 1, and the shaft end face of the shift fork 1 on the other side abuts against the limit rod 6, screw in the special nut 502, apply downward pressure to the special pressure plate 503 so that the special pressure plate 503 presses the shift fork 1 tightly in the V-groove 301, and then milling can be performed.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to explain the concept of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection of this utility model. Any non-substantial modifications made to this utility model using this concept should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center, comprising a base plate, characterized in that, The base plate is equipped with several sets of clamping units. Each set of clamping units includes two symmetrically arranged V-blocks, a pressure plate assembly corresponding to each V-block, and a positioning assembly located on one side of the V-block. The bottom surface of the V-block is fixed to the base plate, and the top surface has a V-groove for placing the fork handle shaft. The positioning component is used to position the shift fork; The pressure plate assembly is used to press down and fix the shift fork handle shaft onto the V-block.

2. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with a keyway and a screw hole. The V-block is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the screw hole and a key that is clearance-fitted with the keyway. The V-block is fixedly connected to the base plate by the key and bolts.

3. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The keyway is an elongated hole and is arranged along the axial direction of the shift fork. Each keyway is equipped with several sets of screw holes. The several sets of screw holes are arranged along the length direction of the keyway, and the two screw holes in each set are respectively arranged on both sides of the width direction of the keyway.

4. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning assembly includes a handle assembly, a positioning rod, a pin, and a spring; The positioning rod includes an insertion section and a connecting section, and the diameter of the insertion section is larger than the diameter of the connecting section; The handle assembly includes a handwheel and a limiting part. The limiting part includes an axial limiting block and an anti-rotation limiting short post. One side of the axial limiting block is fixed to the anti-rotation limiting short post, and the other side is fixed to the handwheel. The axial limiting block has a first pin hole, and the insertion section has a second pin hole corresponding to the first pin hole. The axial limiting block has a second mounting hole for the insertion of the connecting section. The second mounting hole communicates with the first pin hole, and the pin can be inserted into the first pin hole and the second pin hole. The V-shaped block is provided with mounting hole three that matches the insertion section, mounting hole four that matches the connecting section, and mounting hole five that matches the anti-rotation limiting short post. Mounting hole three and mounting hole four are coaxial and interconnected. The cross-sectional dimension of mounting hole three is smaller than the cross-sectional dimension of the axial limiting block. A limiting step is formed at the junction of mounting hole three and mounting hole four. The spring is set inside mounting hole four, and its two ends abut against the limiting step and the end face of the insertion section, respectively. When the spring is compressed, the insertion section is located inside mounting hole four. When the spring is extended, the insertion section is exposed inside mounting hole four.

5. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate assembly includes a dedicated screw, two dedicated nuts, and a dedicated pressure plate. The base plate has a dedicated screw hole corresponding to the dedicated screw. After the dedicated screw is screwed into the dedicated screw hole, one of the dedicated nuts is screwed to the bottom of the dedicated screw and tightens against the base plate. The dedicated pressure plate is slidably connected to the dedicated screw and is located above the V-block, used to press down the shift fork handle shaft placed in the V-groove. The other dedicated nut is located above the dedicated pressure plate and, after being screwed into the dedicated screw, applies downward pressure to the dedicated pressure plate.

6. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a limiting rod, which is fixed to the base plate and located on one or both sides of the clamping unit along the axial direction, and is used to abut against the end face of the shift fork handle shaft.

7. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting rod includes a connector section and a limiting section. The base plate is provided with a mounting hole six. The connector section of the limiting rod is inserted into the mounting hole six with an interference fit. The limiting section is used to abut against the end face of the shift fork handle shaft.

8. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting rod includes an external threaded section located between the insertion section and the limiting section.

9. A special fixture for milling keyways on shift fork handle shafts in a vertical machining center as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It includes at least two sets of clamping units, and the two sets of clamping units share a limiting rod. The two sets of clamping units are arranged side by side, and the limiting rod is located between the two sets of clamping units.

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