Photovoltaic electricity reinforced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic electricity reinforced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor which comprises a reactor main body, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in the top ends of two opposite sides of the reactor main body, a lower gravel layer, a carbon felt layer, an upper gravel layer and a surface water body are sequentially arranged in the reactor main body from bottom to top, and plants are planted on the carbon felt layer; the division module comprises a division plate and a plurality of baffles, the interior of the reactor main body is divided into an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone by the division plate, two groups of baffles are fixed in the anaerobic zone, and a group of baffles are fixed in the aerobic zone; the electrical stimulation system is mounted on the plant in the aerobic zone, and the bottom of the electrical stimulation system is in contact with the carbon felt layer; the aeration system is mounted at the bottom of the aerobic zone; and the photovoltaic power supply system is connected with the electrical stimulation system and the aeration system. According to the utility model, sewage is deeply treated on the premise of saving energy and utilizing waste, so that the sewage treatment effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wastewater treatment technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater treatment plant effluent refers to water discharged from wastewater treatment plants after undergoing a series of treatment processes. Compared to untreated wastewater, this effluent exhibits significantly improved water quality indicators, but still retains its specific characteristics. On the one hand, the suspended solids content in the effluent is greatly reduced, organic matter indicators such as biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) are significantly lowered, and color and odor are significantly improved. On the other hand, the effluent may still contain a certain concentration of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are potential factors contributing to eutrophication. Furthermore, it contains a certain number of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, as well as recalcitrant organic pollutants such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and pesticides, requiring further treatment to achieve harmless discharge or reuse. With the gradual advancement of industrialization and urbanization in my country and the continuous development of water resource recycling and reuse projects, the discharge volume of wastewater treatment plant effluent is increasing daily. The accumulation of persistent and recalcitrant organic matter in this effluent is increasing year by year, placing growing pressure on the natural environment and thus attracting significant attention.

[0003] Constructed wetland technology is an economical, effective, and environmentally friendly method. In constructed wetlands, plants, substrates, and microorganisms work synergistically to remove pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic pollutants from wastewater through processes including plant uptake and enrichment, substrate adsorption and filtration, and microbial decomposition. Due to its low cost, ease of operation, and maintenance, constructed wetland technology has long been used for treating effluent from wastewater treatment plants. However, traditional constructed wetland technologies primarily target nitrogen, phosphorus, and other organic pollutants, neglecting persistent and recalcitrant organic compounds such as antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, and chemical residues. This leads to the long-term accumulation of these recalcitrant organic compounds, ultimately harming human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, researching ways to enhance the removal of recalcitrant organic compounds using constructed wetland technology has become a crucial issue that needs to be addressed.

[0004] Among various constructed wetland enhancement technologies, electro-enhanced biotechnology is considered an economical, efficient, and eco-friendly method due to its advantages such as low investment, high stability, and low operation and maintenance costs. It uses electrochemical methods to generate electric fields, currents, and electrochemical reactions to improve the biodegradation process and is an important component of bioelectrochemical systems. In electro-enhanced biotechnology, electrical stimulation can promote the formation and enhancement of biofilms, improve their adsorption and degradation capacity for organic matter in wastewater, help immobilize and protect microbial communities, enhance the stability and durability of biological treatment systems, influence microbial metabolic activity, and improve the enrichment and domestication of microorganisms with specific conditions or functional requirements. Existing research on electro-enhanced biotechnology shows that, compared to continuous electrical stimulation, intermittent electrical stimulation has the advantages of saving energy, enriching functional microorganisms, and promoting pollutant decomposition. It has a significant promoting effect on the treatment of recalcitrant organic matter, such as antibiotics and phenols. Even under special environmental conditions, such as low temperature and low pH, where microbial survival is difficult, it still maintains a good promoting effect on the removal of nutrients and recalcitrant organic matter, making it a promising wastewater treatment technology.

[0005] Systems combining electro-enhanced biotechnology with constructed wetland technology can alter plant and microbial growth, metabolic activity, microbial community structure, and the microecological environment in which microorganisms and plants reside, thereby improving the removal efficiency of organic pollutants. They have been proven to be significantly effective in treating oxytetracycline, tetracycline, sulfonamide antibiotics, and phenolic substances. Furthermore, they offer advantages such as stable operation, enhanced wastewater treatment, and eco-friendliness. However, research on electro-enhanced constructed wetlands is relatively limited, and they also have some limitations: Firstly, electro-enhanced biotechnology requires an external power source, increasing operating and construction costs; secondly, it requires additional aeration pumps to supply oxygen to the water, increasing energy consumption. Thirdly, the long hydraulic retention time in constructed wetland technology makes it prone to reactor blockage by suspended microorganisms and detached biofilm, hindering later maintenance and repair, thus limiting the practical application of combining electro-enhanced biotechnology with constructed wetland technology.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: This utility model provides a photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor, comprising:

[0009] The reactor body has an inlet and an outlet at the top of its opposite sides. The reactor body contains, from bottom to top, a lower gravel layer, a carbon felt layer, an upper gravel layer, and surface water. Plants are planted on the carbon felt layer, with their tops penetrating the upper gravel layer.

[0010] The dividing module includes a dividing plate and several baffles. The dividing plate is fixed in the middle position inside the reactor body and divides the reactor body into an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone. The inlet is set corresponding to the anaerobic zone, and the outlet is set corresponding to the aerobic zone. Two sets of baffles are fixed in the anaerobic zone and divide the anaerobic zone into three reflux sections. One set of baffles is fixed in the aerobic zone and divides the aerobic zone into two reflux sections.

[0011] An electrical stimulation system is installed on the plant located within the aerobic zone, with its bottom in contact with the carbon felt layer;

[0012] An aeration system is installed at the bottom of the aerobic zone;

[0013] A photovoltaic power supply system, which is connected to the electric stimulation system and the aeration system.

[0014] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the photovoltaic power supply system includes a solar panel, an inverter, and a battery. The solar panel is connected to the inverter, the battery is connected to the inverter, and the electric stimulation system and the aeration system are both connected to the battery.

[0015] According to the photovoltaic electro-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the electro-stimulation system includes a tubular titanium mesh covering the plants, and the tubular titanium mesh is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery respectively.

[0016] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the aeration system includes an aeration head and an aeration pump. The aeration head is installed at the bottom of the reactor body and located in the aerobic zone. The aeration head is connected to the aeration pump, and the aeration pump is connected to the battery.

[0017] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the main body of the reactor includes five sets of plexiglass panels, which are spliced ​​together to form a rectangular structure with an open top and a hollow interior. The rectangular structure has a length of 40cm, a width of 21cm, and a height of 22.5cm.

[0018] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the lengths of the three reflux sections in the anaerobic zone are 6cm, 8cm, and 6cm, respectively; the lengths of the two reflux sections in the aerobic zone are both 10cm.

[0019] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the diameter of the gravel in the upper gravel layer and the lower gravel layer is 10mm-12mm.

[0020] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the carbon felt layer includes dry carbon felt blocks, the size of which is 10mm×10mm×6mm.

[0021] According to the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow artificial wetland reactor provided by this utility model, the diameter of the tubular titanium mesh is 9cm and the mesh aperture is 5mm.

[0022] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0023] In operation, wastewater is fed into the reactor body through the inlet. The reactor operates in a horizontal flow mode, meaning the wastewater first enters the anaerobic zone (hydraulic retention time 24 hours) and then the aerobic zone (hydraulic retention time 24 hours). An intermittent DC electrical stimulation system (12 hours off / on) is applied, with the current sourced from a photovoltaic power supply system. This electrical stimulation alters the microbial community structure within the reactor according to the electrolysis intensity, enhancing microbial activation and transformation capabilities, stimulating plant growth and development, and increasing enzyme activity. Particularly in regulating the activity of the antioxidant defense system, this enhances plant adaptation to adverse conditions and accelerates pollutant migration and transformation. Thus, the decomposition of recalcitrant organic pollutants by microorganisms removes them. Furthermore, the decomposition by microorganisms and the absorption and enrichment by plants further deplete nutrients and remove recalcitrant organic pollutants, achieving deep wastewater treatment. The treated wastewater is then discharged from the reactor body through the outlet.

[0024] This invention provides advanced wastewater treatment while conserving energy and utilizing waste, thereby improving wastewater treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor of this utility model.

[0027] The components are: 1. Solar panel; 2. Inverter; 3. Battery; 4. Aeration pump; 5. Inlet; 6. Surface water; 7. Upper gravel layer; 8. Carbon felt layer; 9. Lower gravel layer; 10. Plants; 11. Aeration head; 12. Outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 This utility model provides a photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor, comprising:

[0031] The reactor body has an inlet 5 and an outlet 12 at the top of its two opposite sides. Inside the reactor body, from bottom to top, there are a lower gravel layer 9, a carbon felt layer 8, an upper gravel layer 7, and surface water 6. Plants 10 are planted on the carbon felt layer 8, and their tops penetrate the upper gravel layer 7.

[0032] The dividing module includes a dividing plate and several baffles. The dividing plate is fixed in the middle of the reactor body and divides the reactor body into an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone. The inlet 5 is set in the anaerobic zone and the outlet 12 is set in the aerobic zone. Two sets of baffles are fixed in the anaerobic zone and divide the anaerobic zone into three reflux sections. One set of baffles is fixed in the aerobic zone and divides the aerobic zone into two reflux sections.

[0033] An electrical stimulation system is installed on the plant 10 located in the aerobic zone, with its bottom in contact with the carbon felt layer 8.

[0034] The aeration system is installed at the bottom of the aerobic zone;

[0035] A photovoltaic power supply system is connected to an electric stimulation system and an aeration system.

[0036] In operation, wastewater is fed into the reactor body through inlet 5. The reactor operates in a horizontal flow mode, meaning the wastewater first enters the anaerobic zone (hydraulic retention time 24 hours) and then the aerobic zone (hydraulic retention time 24 hours). An intermittent DC electrical stimulation system (12 hours off / on) is applied, with the current sourced from a photovoltaic power supply system. This electrical stimulation alters the microbial community structure within the reactor according to the electrolysis intensity, enhancing microbial activation and transformation capabilities. It also stimulates the growth and development of plants 10, increases enzyme activity, and particularly enhances the activity of the antioxidant defense system, improving the adaptation of plants 10 to adverse conditions and accelerating the migration and transformation of pollutants. This microbial decomposition removes recalcitrant organic pollutants. Furthermore, the decomposition by microorganisms and the absorption and enrichment by plants 10 consume nutrients and further remove recalcitrant organic pollutants, achieving deep wastewater treatment. The treated wastewater is then discharged from the reactor body through outlet 12.

[0037] This invention provides advanced wastewater treatment while conserving energy and utilizing waste, thereby improving wastewater treatment efficiency.

[0038] The scheme has been further optimized. The photovoltaic power supply system includes solar panel 1, inverter 2, and battery 3. Solar panel 1 is connected to inverter 2, battery 3 is connected to inverter 2, and the electric stimulation system and aeration system are both connected to battery 3.

[0039] Further optimization of the scheme: the electrical stimulation system includes a tubular titanium mesh covering the plant 10, which is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery 3 respectively.

[0040] Further optimization of the scheme: the aeration system includes an aeration head 11 and an aeration pump 4. The aeration head 11 is installed at the bottom of the reactor body and is located in the aerobic zone. The aeration head 11 is connected to the aeration pump 4, and the aeration pump 4 is connected to the battery 3.

[0041] Further optimization of the design resulted in a reactor body consisting of five sets of plexiglass panels. These five sets of plexiglass panels were spliced ​​together to form a rectangular structure with an open top and a hollow interior. The rectangular structure was 40cm long, 21cm wide, and 22.5cm high.

[0042] The scheme was further optimized so that the lengths of the three reflux sections in the anaerobic zone were 6cm, 8cm, and 6cm, respectively; and the lengths of the two reflux sections in the aerobic zone were both 10cm.

[0043] The scheme was further optimized so that the gravel diameter of both the upper gravel layer 7 and the lower gravel layer 9 is 10mm-12mm.

[0044] Further optimization of the scheme: the carbon felt layer 8 includes a dry carbon felt block with a size of 10mm×10mm×6mm.

[0045] The design was further optimized so that the diameter of the tubular titanium mesh is 9cm and the mesh opening diameter is 5mm.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic electrically enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor characterized in that, include: The reactor body has an inlet (5) and an outlet (12) at the top of its opposite sides. The reactor body consists of a lower gravel layer (9), a carbon felt layer (8), an upper gravel layer (7), and surface water (6) from bottom to top. Plants (10) are planted on the carbon felt layer (8) and their tops pass through the upper gravel layer (7). The dividing module includes a dividing plate and several baffles. The dividing plate is fixed in the middle position inside the reactor body and divides the reactor body into an anaerobic zone and an aerobic zone. The inlet (5) is set corresponding to the anaerobic zone and the outlet (12) is set corresponding to the aerobic zone. Two sets of baffles are fixed in the anaerobic zone and divide the anaerobic zone into three reflux sections. One set of baffles is fixed in the aerobic zone and divides the aerobic zone into two reflux sections. An electrical stimulation system is installed on the plant (10) located in the aerobic zone, and its bottom is in contact with the carbon felt layer (8); An aeration system is installed at the bottom of the aerobic zone; A photovoltaic power supply system, which is connected to the electric stimulation system and the aeration system.

2. A photovoltaic electrically enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic power supply system includes a solar panel (1), an inverter (2), and a battery (3). The solar panel (1) is connected to the inverter (2), the battery (3) is connected to the inverter (2), and the electric stimulation system and the aeration system are both connected to the battery (3).

3. A photovoltaic electrically enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrical stimulation system includes a tubular titanium mesh covering the plant (10), which is connected to the positive and negative terminals of the battery (3).

4. A photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aeration system includes an aeration head (11) and an aeration pump (4). The aeration head (11) is installed at the bottom of the reactor body and located in the aerobic zone. The aeration head (11) is connected to the aeration pump (4), and the aeration pump (4) is connected to the battery (3).

5. A photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor body consists of five sets of plexiglass panels, which are spliced ​​together to form a rectangular structure with an open top and a hollow interior. The rectangular structure has a length of 40cm, a width of 21cm, and a height of 22.5cm.

6. The photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lengths of the three reflux sections in the anaerobic zone are 6cm, 8cm, and 6cm, respectively; the lengths of the two reflux sections in the aerobic zone are both 10cm.

7. The photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gravel diameter of both the upper gravel layer (7) and the lower gravel layer (9) is 10mm-12mm.

8. A photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon felt layer (8) includes a dry carbon felt block with dimensions of 10mm × 10mm × 6mm.

9. A photovoltaic-enhanced horizontal flow constructed wetland reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tubular titanium mesh has a diameter of 9 cm and a mesh size of 5 mm.

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