Suspended biological bed for lake water body treatment
By constructing a suspended biological bed containing emergent plants, submerged plants, microbial attachment carriers, and adsorption materials, the problems of low microbial attachment efficiency and incomplete ecosystem in existing technologies have been solved, achieving a highly efficient lake water purification effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520481833.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing suspended biobed technology suffers from low microbial attachment efficiency, incomplete ecosystem construction, and a lack of synergistic effects between emergent and submerged plants and treatment of bottom sediment organic matter, resulting in limited pollutant reduction capacity.
Design a suspended biological bed comprising an upper floating bed filled with coconut fiber and planted with emergent plants, a lower floating bed filled with coconut fiber and planted with submerged plants, suspended spherical packing strings for microbial attachment, and a caisson filled with volcanic rock, forming a comprehensive ecosystem of microorganisms, plants and adsorbent materials.
It significantly increases the surface area for microbial attachment, enhances the degradation of organic matter, allows emergent plants to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus, and submerged plants to decompose organic matter in the bottom sediment, achieving two-way treatment of water and bottom sediment and improving the purification effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN223921227U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lake water treatment technology, specifically to a suspended biological bed for lake water treatment. Background Technology
[0002] With the rapid development of the rural economy, the discharge of pesticides, fertilizers, and pollutants from livestock and poultry farming has increased significantly, leading to a large amount of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus entering lakes and causing eutrophication and black and odorous water problems. Traditional water treatment technologies often use single methods, such as chemical agent application or mechanical aeration, which have drawbacks such as long treatment cycles, high costs, and susceptibility to secondary pollution.
[0003] While existing suspended biobed technologies can utilize microorganisms to degrade pollutants, they generally suffer from low microbial attachment efficiency and incomplete ecosystem construction. Furthermore, existing devices underutilize the synergistic effects of emergent and submerged plants and lack targeted treatment of organic matter in the sediment, resulting in limited pollutant reduction capabilities. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lake water treatment device that can efficiently combine microorganisms, plants, and adsorbent materials to form a complete ecosystem. Utility Model Content
[0004] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a suspended biological bed for lake water treatment, thereby enhancing the natural purification capacity of water bodies.
[0005] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] A suspended biological bed for lake water treatment includes:
[0007] The upper floating bed is filled with coconut fiber and planted with emergent plants.
[0008] The lower floating bed is connected to the upper floating bed via a connecting pipe, and is filled with coconut fiber and planted with submerged plants.
[0009] Strings of spherical packing material suspended below the upper floating bed are used for microbial attachment;
[0010] The caisson is connected to the bottom of the upper floating bed by nylon ropes and is filled with volcanic rock.
[0011] In some embodiments of this utility model, the spherical packing string is composed of porous spherical carriers connected in series, with combined packing sheets embedded inside.
[0012] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting pipe is a flexible pipe with adjustable length.
[0013] In some embodiments of this utility model, the particle size of the volcanic rock ranges from 5 to 20 mm, and the specific surface area is ≥200 m² / g.
[0014] In some embodiments of this utility model, the frame of the upper floating bed and the lower floating bed is formed by binding or bonding floating island plates, nylon buckles and plastic tubes, and the overall density is less than the density of water.
[0015] In some embodiments of this utility model, the emergent plant is at least one of reed, cattail, or calamus;
[0016] The submerged plant is at least one of the following: hornwort, foxtail, or hydrangea.
[0017] In some embodiments of this utility model, the bottom of the caisson is provided with a counterweight structure.
[0018] In some embodiments of this utility model, the coconut fiber has a filling density of 100-200 kg / m³ and a porosity of ≥70%.
[0019] In some embodiments of this utility model, the nylon rope is detachably connected to the lifting ring on the caisson.
[0020] In some embodiments of this utility model, the suspended biological bed is modularly designed, and multiple units can be connected in series or in parallel through connecting pipes.
[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0022] Compared to traditional methods, this technical solution provides a high surface area for microorganisms to attach through a combination of spherical packing material strings and volcanic rock, significantly increasing the number of microorganisms and enhancing the adsorption and biological oxidation of organic matter. At the same time, the emergent plants in the upper layer absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, while the roots of the submerged plants in the lower layer penetrate deep into the bottom sediment to decompose organic matter, achieving two-way treatment of water and bottom sediment. Attached Figure Description
[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
[0025] In the diagram: 1. Upper floating bed; 2. Coconut fiber; 3. Emergent plants; 4. Spherical filler string; 5. Nylon rope; 6. Hanging ring; 7. Sediment; 8. Volcanic rock; 9. Connecting pipe; 10. Submerged plants; 11. Lower floating bed. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.
[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a suspended biological bed for lake water treatment includes:
[0028] The upper floating bed 1 is filled with coconut fiber 2 and planted with emergent plants 3; the lower floating bed 11 is connected to the upper floating bed 1 through a connecting pipe 9, and is filled with coconut fiber 2 and planted with submerged plants 10; the spherical filler string 4 is suspended at the bottom of the upper floating bed 1 for microbial attachment; the caisson 7 is connected to the bottom of the upper floating bed 1 through a nylon rope 5 and is filled with volcanic rock 8.
[0029] This suspended biological bed (SBB) purifies water through a four-pronged mechanism: microbial degradation, plant absorption, adsorption filtration, and ecological synergy.
[0030] Microbial degradation: The spherical packing material in string 4 provides a carrier for microorganisms to attach to, and the alternating aerobic and hypoxic environments promote nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and efficiently decompose dissolved pollutants;
[0031] Plant absorption: The upper emergent plants absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, while the lower submerged plants decompose organic matter in the bottom sediment through their root systems, thus blocking the cycle of pollutants.
[0032] Adsorption filtration: Volcanic rock 8 adsorbs heavy metals and suspended particles, and at the same time acts as a carrier of plankton, further reducing turbidity and color.
[0033] Ecological synergy: A vertical purification structure is formed between the upper and lower floating beds and the caisson 7. The modular design adapts to different water areas, constructs a self-sustaining lake ecosystem, and ultimately achieves comprehensive treatment of pollution from the surface water to the bottom sediment, significantly improving transparency and self-purification capacity.
[0034] As an example, the upper floating bed 1 uses lightweight, high-strength polyethylene floating island panels (10mm thick) as a frame, which are bound to 50mm diameter PVC plastic pipes with nylon clips to form a rectangular grid structure (each cell is 30cm x 30cm). The grid is filled with coconut fiber 2 (filling density 150kg / m³, porosity 75%), and emergent plants 3, such as reeds (1.5-2m tall, root depth 40cm), are planted inside. Spherical packing strings 4 are evenly suspended at the bottom of the upper floating bed 1. Each string consists of six porous polyethylene spheres, each 15cm in diameter, connected in series. The spheres are embedded with composite packing sheets (polypropylene mesh sheets, 2mm pore size), forming a microporous structure and alternating anoxic / aerobic (A / O) environments.
[0035] As an example, the lower floating bed 11 has the same structure as the upper floating bed 1 and is connected to the upper floating bed 1 via a connecting pipe 9 (flexible PVC corrugated pipe with an adjustable length of 1-3m); the lower floating bed 11 is filled with coconut fiber 2 and planted with submerged plants 10, such as goldfish algae (density 20 plants / m²), whose roots can extend into the bottom mud to absorb organic matter.
[0036] In some embodiments of this utility model, the spherical packing string 4 is composed of porous spherical carriers connected in series, with combined packing sheets embedded inside to form a microporous structure and A / O environment, promoting the enrichment of denitrifying and phosphorus-removing bacteria.
[0037] As an example, the spherical packing material with four porous spheres has a surface roughness Ra=3.2μm and a specific surface area of 300m² / m³, providing attachment sites for nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria. The combined packing sheets form a layered structure within the spheres, generating localized turbulence as water flows through, enhancing oxygen transfer efficiency, promoting an A / O alternation environment, and increasing denitrification efficiency to over 85%.
[0038] In some embodiments of this utility model, the connecting pipe 9 is a flexible pipe with adjustable length, used to adapt to the adjustment of the spacing between the upper and lower floating beds under different water depth conditions.
[0039] As an example, the connecting pipe 9 can adapt to different lake depth variations by adjusting the length of the corrugated pipe (e.g., shortening the connecting pipe 9 to 1.5m when the water depth is 2m). Multiple suspended bed units can be connected in series (2m horizontal spacing) or in parallel (3m vertical spacing) through the connecting pipe 9 to form a treatment network.
[0040] In some embodiments of this utility model, the particle size of volcanic rock 8 ranges from 5 to 20 mm, and the specific surface area is ≥200 m² / g, which has the dual functions of adsorbing pollutants and incubating plankton.
[0041] As an example, the porous structure of volcanic rock 8 can adsorb suspended particles and heavy metal ions (such as Cu²+ and Pb²+) in water, with an adsorption capacity of 0.5 mg / g. At the same time, algae and zooplankton (such as rotifers and cladocerans) attached to the surface form a secondary food chain, further reducing the turbidity and color of the water.
[0042] In some embodiments of this utility model, the frames of the upper floating bed 1 and the lower floating bed 11 are formed by binding or bonding floating island plates, nylon buckles and plastic tubes, and the overall density is less than the density of water.
[0043] In some embodiments of this utility model, the emergent plant 3 is at least one of reed, cattail, or calamus; the submerged plant 10 is at least one of hornwort, foxtail, or hydrangea.
[0044] As an example, among emergent plants 3: reed roots secrete organic acids, promoting phosphorus dissolution; a single plant absorbs 15g of nitrogen and 2g of phosphorus annually. The plant stems rise 20-30cm above the water surface, forming a shaded area and inhibiting excessive algal growth.
[0045] Among the 10 submerged plants, the roots of *Ceratophyllum demersum* penetrate 30-50cm into the bottom mud, decomposing organic matter in the mud through secreted enzymes (COD removal rate ≥30%), while releasing oxygen to improve the anaerobic environment of the mud.
[0046] In some embodiments of this utility model, the bottom of the caisson 7 is provided with a counterweight structure to maintain the vertical stability of the suspended biological bed in the water.
[0047] In some embodiments of this utility model, the coconut fiber 2 has a filling density of 100-200 kg / m³ and a porosity of ≥70%, and is used to provide space for plant root growth and an interface for microbial attachment.
[0048] In some embodiments of this utility model, the nylon rope 5 is detachably connected to the lifting ring 6 on the caisson 7, which facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the caisson 7.
[0049] In some embodiments of this utility model, the suspended biological bed is modularly designed, and multiple units can be connected in series or in parallel through connecting pipes 9 to form a large-scale treatment network.
[0050] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0051] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A suspended biological bed for the treatment of a lake water body, characterized in that, The application relates to a suspended biological bed, which comprises: an upper floating bed filled with coconut fiber and planted with emergent plants; a lower floating bed connected with the upper floating bed through a connecting pipe, filled with coconut fiber and planted with submerged plants; a spherical filler string hung under the lower part of the upper floating bed for microbial adhesion; a caisson connected with the bottom of the upper floating bed through a nylon rope and filled with volcanic rocks.
2. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical filler string is composed of a plurality of porous spherical carriers and embedded with combined filler pieces.
3. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting pipe is a flexible pipe with adjustable length.
4. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volcanic rocks have a particle size range of 5-20 mm and a specific surface area of greater than or equal to 200 m2 / g.
5. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frames of the upper floating bed and the lower floating bed are formed by floating island plates, nylon buckles and plastic pipe binding or adhesion, and the overall density is less than the density of water.
6. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emergent plants are at least one of reed, cattail or alocasia. The submerged plants are at least one of cabomba, fox tail or black algae.
7. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The caisson bottom is provided with a counterweight structure.
8. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling density of the coconut fiber is 100-200 kg / m3, and the porosity is greater than or equal to 70%.
9. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nylon rope is detachably connected with the lifting ring on the caisson.
10. The suspended biological bed for treating a lake water body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspended biological bed is modularized in design, and a plurality of units can be connected in series or parallel through connecting pipes.