Testing device suitable for measuring repose angle of earth-rock mixture

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test device suitable for measuring the repose angle of a soil-rock aggregate, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical test instruments.The test device comprises a box body, a baffle, a linear driving mechanism, a high-speed camera and a processor, and the baffle divides the interior of the box body into a stacking space and a test space in the length direction of the box body; the material stacking space is used for stacking the earth-rock mixture, and when the baffle moves vertically upwards, the earth-rock mixture stacked in the material stacking space slides towards the interior of the test space. According to the test device suitable for measuring the repose angle of the soil-rock mixture, the reduction degree of the actual side slope landslide process is high, and therefore the measurement precision of the repose angle of the side slope landslide is improved; at least one long side plate of the box body is provided with the transparent window, the transparent window is matched with the high-speed camera and the processor, the process of the slope slide can be recorded, automatic measurement of the repose angle can be achieved, data processing is accurate and rapid, and the measurement precision and the measurement speed are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of geotechnical testing instruments, and in particular to a testing device suitable for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures. Background Technology

[0002] The angle of repose is the maximum stable angle formed between the free surface of granular or powdery materials and the horizontal plane during natural packing. Its magnitude is affected by factors such as particle shape, particle size distribution, and surface roughness. A larger angle of repose indicates poorer material flowability and higher packing stability. This parameter is commonly used in engineering, geology, and agriculture to assess the safety of material storage, transportation, and slope design.

[0003] There are two basic methods for determining the angle of repose: the injection method and the discharge method. Injection method: Material is slowly added from above the funnel. The angle of inclination of the conical accumulation formed by the material leaking from the bottom of the funnel on a horizontal surface. Discharge method: Material is added into a cylindrical container, keeping the bottom of the cylinder horizontal. The angle of inclination of the inverted conical accumulation of residual material formed inside the cylinder as the material flows out from the central hole at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0004] Common angle of repose measuring devices based on the injection method (i.e., using a funnel to pour material into a closed and transparent space) have many drawbacks. For example, the types of materials that can be measured are severely limited by the funnel aperture. In addition, the unstable pouring speed will also have a certain impact on the results. Furthermore, the material diffuses in all directions during the measurement, resulting in a large dispersion. The measurement results are bound to have deviations, and thus cannot effectively measure the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a test device suitable for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures based on the injection method principle, so as to solve the technical problem of inaccurate measurement results of existing angle of repose measuring devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil-rock mixture, the test apparatus comprising:

[0007] The box is composed of a bottom plate, two long side plates and two short side plates. The top of the box has an opening and at least one long side plate has a transparent window.

[0008] A baffle is slidably inserted into the box from the opening along the vertical direction. The baffle divides the box into a material storage space and a test space along its length. The material storage space is used to store the soil-rock mixture. When the baffle moves vertically upward, the soil-rock mixture stored in the material storage space slides into the test space.

[0009] A linear drive mechanism is mounted on the housing and connected to the baffle. The linear drive mechanism is used to drive the baffle to move in the vertical direction.

[0010] A high-speed camera is pointed at a transparent window; and

[0011] The processor is connected to the linear drive mechanism and the high-speed camera.

[0012] Optionally, the test apparatus also includes a guiding mechanism, which includes two U-shaped plates arranged opposite each other, with a guide groove formed between the middle of the two U-shaped plates for guiding the movement of the baffle, and the two sides of the U-shaped plates are respectively mounted on two long side plates.

[0013] Optionally, the side and long side plates of the U-shaped plate are connected together by two bolt and nut structures, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction.

[0014] Optionally, the long side plate is provided with a mounting groove corresponding to the bolt and nut structure, the mounting groove extends along the length of the long side plate, and the side of the U-shaped plate is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the bolt and nut structure.

[0015] Optionally, the linear drive mechanism is a motor push rod.

[0016] Optionally, two linear drive mechanisms are provided, with the two linear drive mechanisms respectively located on both sides of the baffle.

[0017] Optionally, a support plate is provided at the top edge of each of the two long side plates, and two linear drive mechanisms are respectively mounted on the two support plates.

[0018] Optionally, the long side panel is made of steel plate and glass plate, with the steel plate on top of the glass plate, and the glass plate forming a transparent window.

[0019] Optionally, the base plate and the short side plate are both made of steel, and the steel plate and the short side plate, as well as the base plate and the short side plate, are welded together.

[0020] Optionally, a grid for measuring the angle of repose is provided on the transparent window.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the test device for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the test device of this application includes a box, a baffle, a linear drive mechanism, a high-speed camera, and a processor. The baffle divides the box into a material storage space and a test space along its length. The material storage space is used to store soil-rock mixtures. When the baffle moves vertically upward, the soil-rock mixture stored in the material storage space slides into the test space, which has a high degree of reproduction of the actual slope landslide process, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the slope landslide angle. At least one long side plate of the box is provided with a transparent window, which, together with the high-speed camera and processor, can record the slope landslide process and realize the automated measurement of the angle of repose. The data processing is more accurate and faster, improving the measurement accuracy and measurement speed. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a test apparatus for determining the angle of repose of a soil-rock mixture, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 A front view schematic diagram of the test apparatus for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 A test flowchart for a test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Housing; 110. Base plate; 120. Long side plate; 121. Steel plate; 122. Glass plate; 123. Mounting groove; 130. Short side plate; 140. Stacking space; 150. Test space; 160. Support plate; 2. Baffle; 3. Linear drive mechanism; 4. High-speed camera; 5. Guide mechanism; 510. U-shaped plate; 511. Mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0030] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0034] The embodiments of this application provide a test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures; please refer to the accompanying documentation. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The experimental device includes a housing 1, a baffle 2, a linear drive mechanism 3, a high-speed camera 4, and a processor. The housing 1 is composed of a base plate 110, two long side plates 120, and two short side plates 130. The top of the housing 1 has an opening, and at least one long side plate 120 has a transparent window. The baffle 2 is slidably inserted into the housing 1 vertically from the opening. The baffle 2 divides the interior of the housing 1 along its length into a material storage space 140 and a test space 150. The material storage space 140 is used to store a soil-rock mixture. When the baffle 2 moves vertically upward, the soil-rock mixture stored in the material storage space 140 slides into the test space 150. The linear drive mechanism 3 is mounted on the housing 1 and connected to the baffle 2. The linear drive mechanism 3 is used to drive the baffle 2 to move vertically. The high-speed camera 4 points to the transparent window, and the processor is communicatively connected to the linear drive mechanism 3 and the high-speed camera 4.

[0035] For example, the interior of the box 1 forms a cuboid space of 1200mm × 300mm × 400mm.

[0036] In this embodiment, the test device includes a housing 1, a baffle 2, a linear drive mechanism 3, a high-speed camera 4, and a processor. The baffle 2 divides the interior of the housing 1 along its length into a material storage space 140 and a test space 150. The material storage space 140 is used to store soil and rock mixture. When the baffle 2 moves vertically upward, the soil and rock mixture stored in the material storage space 140 slides into the test space 150, which provides a high degree of reproduction of the actual slope landslide process, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the slope landslide repose angle. At least one long side plate 120 of the housing 1 is provided with a transparent window, which, together with the high-speed camera 4 and the processor, can record the slope landslide process and the damage to the internal test materials, and can also realize the automated measurement of the repose angle. The data processing is relatively accurate and fast, improving the measurement accuracy and measurement speed.

[0037] In one embodiment, see Figure 1The test apparatus also includes a guide mechanism 5, which includes two U-shaped plates 510 arranged opposite each other. A guide groove for guiding the movement of the baffle 2 is formed between the middle of the two U-shaped plates 510. The two sides of the U-shaped plates 510 are respectively mounted on two long side plates 120.

[0038] With the above settings, the baffle 2 is sandwiched between two U-shaped plates 510 and moves, thereby guiding the up and down movement of the baffle 2. The baffle 2 can be pulled out vertically, reducing disturbances during the measurement process.

[0039] In one embodiment, the side of the U-shaped plate 510 and the long side plate 120 are connected together by two bolt and nut structures, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction, so that the U-shaped plate 510 and the long side plate 120 are securely connected.

[0040] Furthermore, the bolt and nut structure adopts a double-nut friction type structure, which makes the connection more stable and prevents minor disturbances from occurring during the lifting of the baffle 2.

[0041] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The long side plate 120 is provided with a mounting groove 123 corresponding to the bolt and nut structure. The mounting groove 123 extends along the length of the long side plate 120. The side of the U-shaped plate 510 is provided with a mounting hole 511 corresponding to the bolt and nut structure.

[0042] With the above settings, the installation position of the bolt and nut structure in the mounting slot 123 is adjustable, thereby adjusting the position of the baffle 2 and changing the size distribution of the material stacking space 140 and the test space 150, thus providing a variety of test conditions.

[0043] Understandably, the linear drive mechanism 3 is detachably mounted on the housing 1, thereby moving in conjunction with the baffle 2.

[0044] In one embodiment, the linear drive mechanism 3 is a motor push rod, which can promote the uniform pushing of the baffle 2, thereby reducing interference with the measurement of the angle of repose.

[0045] For example, the lifting speed of the baffle 2 is 5 mm / s to 15 mm / s.

[0046] It is understandable that the soil and rock mixture in the stockpile space 140 will exert a certain amount of pressure on the baffle 2, while the motor push rod can start under load. The electric push rod can withstand a large starting load without damaging the motor and components, thus enabling the baffle 2 to move smoothly.

[0047] In one embodiment, see Figure 1There are two linear drive mechanisms 3, which are respectively located on both sides of the baffle 2, so that the baffle 2 is subjected to uniform force on both sides, thereby driving the baffle 2 to move smoothly.

[0048] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 The top edges of the two long side plates 120 are provided with support plates 160, and the two linear drive mechanisms 3 are respectively installed on the two support plates 160.

[0049] In one embodiment, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The long side panel 120 is composed of a steel plate 121 and a glass plate 122. The steel plate 121 is located above the glass plate 122, and the glass plate 122 forms a transparent window.

[0050] Preferably, the glass plate 122 is made of wear-resistant and hard organic glass.

[0051] For example, the height of the glass plate 122 is 45cm, and the stacking height of the soil-rock mixture generally does not exceed 40cm, which can meet the requirements for the determination of the angle of repose of most materials.

[0052] In one embodiment, the base plate 110 and the short side plate 130 are both made of steel, and the steel plate 121 and the short side plate 130, as well as the base plate 110 and the short side plate 130, are welded together.

[0053] Preferably, the fillet welds between the steel plate 121 and the short side plate 130, as well as the fillet welds between the bottom plate 110 and the short side plate 130, are all on the outside to ensure that the internal space of the box 1 is a complete hexahedron and to minimize errors as much as possible.

[0054] In one embodiment, a grid with a mesh size of 1 cm is provided on the transparent window for measuring the angle of repose, so as to provide for the quantitative determination of the angle of repose.

[0055] Please see Figure 3 The working principle of the test device applicable to determining the angle of repose of soil-rock mixtures in this application is explained below:

[0056] (1) Prepare experimental materials and equipment

[0057] Prepare the experimental setup according to the above instructions, place it on a flat surface, select the appropriate soil and stones for the experiment, and position the high-speed camera in a suitable location and turn it on.

[0058] (2) Filling of test materials

[0059] Position the front end of baffle 2 at 300mm, tighten the bolts to fix the guide mechanism 5 and the motor push rod, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the slope size. Fill the required test soil into layers through the opening at the top of the model box to a height of 300mm. If the soil bulges or sinks, it needs to be leveled.

[0060] (3) Start the experiment

[0061] After the backfilling is completed, the control motor push rod pushes the baffle 2 at a speed of 10mm / s, and the material begins to collapse. At the same time, a high-speed camera is used to take pictures. After the baffle 2 is completely separated from the soil and the material comes to rest, the height of the collapsed material and the sliding distance can be determined according to the grid attached to the glass plate 122, or the above data can be processed by a processor.

[0062] (4) Analysis of experimental results

[0063] Meanwhile, after the experiment is completed, the images captured by the high-speed camera during the experiment are processed and analyzed using image processing software (included with the processor). The height and sliding distance of the material after instability are measured, and the tangent value is calculated to obtain the angle of repose of the slope. The data is then compared with the manually measured data from the previous step to ensure the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0064] (5) Repeated trials

[0065] By changing the material stack shape (e.g., the initial height and width), repeat steps (1)-(4) to study the angle of repose of the soil-rock mixture under different height-to-width ratios.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil-rock mixture, characterised in that, The test device comprises: a box body which is assembled by a bottom plate, two long side plates and two short side plates, a top of the box body is provided with an opening, at least one of the long side plates is provided with a transparent window; a baffle which is slidably inserted into the box body from the opening in a vertical direction, the baffle divides the box body into a stacking space and a test space along a length direction of the baffle, the stacking space is used for stacking the soil-rock mixture, when the baffle moves upward in the vertical direction, the soil-rock mixture stacked in the stacking space slides into the test space; a linear driving mechanism which is arranged on the box body and connected to the baffle, the linear driving mechanism is used for driving the baffle to move in the vertical direction; a high-speed camera which is directed to the transparent window; and a processor which is communicatively connected to the linear driving mechanism and the high-speed camera. The test device further comprises a guide mechanism, the guide mechanism comprises two oppositely arranged U-shaped plates, a guide groove for guiding the movement of the baffle is formed between the middle portions of the two U-shaped plates, and two side edges of the U-shaped plate are respectively mounted on two long side plates.

2. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to claim 1, wherein, The side edges of the U-shaped plate and the long side plates are connected together through two bolt-nut structures, and the two bolt-nut structures are arranged at a vertical distance.

3. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to claim 2, wherein, The long side plates are provided with mounting grooves corresponding to the bolt-nut structures, the mounting grooves extend along the length direction of the long side plates, and the side edges of the U-shaped plate are provided with mounting holes corresponding to the bolt-nut structures.

4. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to claim 3, wherein, The linear driving mechanism is a motor push rod.

5. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil-rock mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The linear driving mechanism is provided with two, and the two linear driving mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the baffle.

6. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The top edges of the two long side plates are respectively provided with support plates, and the two linear driving mechanisms are respectively mounted on the two support plates.

7. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to claim 6, wherein, The long side plates are assembled by a steel plate and a glass plate, the steel plate is above the glass plate, and the glass plate forms the transparent window.

8. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The bottom plate and the short side plates are made of steel, and the steel plate and the short side plates and the bottom plate and the short side plates are welded together.

9. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to claim 8, wherein, The transparent window is provided with a grid for measuring the angle of repose.

10. The test apparatus suitable for determining the angle of repose of a soil- rock mixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, ​

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